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We provide a global density-dependent 4He–nucleon (DD-α N) interaction to construct the α–nucleus optical model potential (OMP) across a wide range of incident energies. The global parametrization for the DD-α N interaction is obtained based on the proton–4He OMP, which reproduces the elastic scattering cross-section data very well in the incident energies of 12.04–500 MeV per nucleon. Using the present DD-α N interaction, we derive the α–nucleus potential by a folding procedure with the point-nucleon density obtained by a microscopic mean-field model. The density dependence of the DD-α N interaction is fixed phenomenologically to reproduce the α–nucleus elastic scattering cross-section data obtained from 16O, 40Ca, 58Ni, 90Zr, and 208Pb targets at E / A = 10–342.5 MeV. We also show the total reaction cross sections, which are helpful in fixing one free parameter, the renormalization factor for the imaginary part of the α–nucleus potential. Lastly, we show some examples, which clearly demonstrate the validity and power of the present DD-α N approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We provide a global density-dependent α-nucleon (DD-αN) interaction to construct the α-nucleus optical potential in a wide range of incident energies. The α-nucleus potential based on the folding model with the present DD-αN interaction reproduces the experimental data up to backward angles using the point-nucleon density obtained by the mean-field model. The present DD-αN interaction is based on the phenomenological optical potential to reproduce the p + 4He elastic scattering at the incident energies at 12.04–1000 MeV. Namely, the α-nucleon system is considered an elementary process. The density dependence (medium effect) of the DD-αN interaction is phenomenologically added to reproduce the α elastic scatterings by the 16O, 40Ca, 58Ni, 90Zr and 208Pb targets at E/A = 10–342.5 MeV. The total reaction cross sections are also compared with the experimental data.

Nuclear fission of superheavy elements can affect the r-process nucleosynthesis via a fission cycling process. In that process, the identification of the nuclide of a fission fragment and its abundance is essential for a precise evaluation of their contribution as seed nuclei of the r-process. We have investigated the nuclear fission of SHEs from the proton-rich side to the neutron-rich side using our three-and four-dimensional Langevin models [1, 4]. This model can reproduce the experimental data on nuclear fission of actinides and SHEs, while it can only provide various quantities to each fission fragment, we also developed a semi-empirical charge distribution model based on abundant experimental data of actinides [3]. A new semi-empirical nuclear fission model for the r-process is made by combining these two models.

A theoretical framework of coupled-channels antisymmetrized molecular dynamics that describes the multistrangeness system with mixing between different baryon species is developed and applied to Λ12C and Ξ12Be. By introducing a minor modification to the YN G-matrix interaction derived from the Nijmegen model-D, the low-lying level structure and production cross section of Ξ12C are reasonably described. It is found that the low-lying states of Ξ12Be are dominated by the 11B?Ξ- channel and their order strongly depends on ΞN effective interactions used in the calculation. The calculated peak position of the production cross section depends on the ΞN effective interaction and the magnitude of spin-flip and non-spin-flip cross sections of K-p→K+Ξ- elemental processes. We suggest that the 12C(K-,K+)Ξ12Be reaction possibly provides us information about the ΞN interaction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We study the hyperon-nucleus potential with distorted-wave impulse wave approximation (DWIA) using the Green's function method. In order to include the nucleon and hyperon potential effects in Fermi averaging, we introduce the local optimal momentum approximation of target nucleons. We can describe the quasi-free Λ , Σ and Ξ production spectra in a better way than in the standard Fermi-averaged t -matrix treatments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The clinical effectiveness of four neuraminidase inhibitors (NAIs) (oseltamivir, zanamivir, laninamivir, and peramivir) for children aged 0 months to 18 years with influenza A and B were investigated in the 2014-2015 to 2016-2017 influenza seasons in Japan. A total of 1207 patients (747 with influenza A and 460 with influenza B) were enrolled. The Cox proportional-hazards model using all of the patients showed that the duration of fever after administration of the first dose of the NAI was shorter in older patients (hazard ratio = 1.06 per 1 year of age, p < 0.001) and that the duration of fever after administration of the first dose of the NAI was shorter in patients with influenza A infection than in patients with influenza B infection (hazard ratio = 2.21, p < 0.001). A logistic regression model showed that the number of biphasic fever episodes was 2.99-times greater for influenza B-infected patients than for influenza A-infected patients (p < 0.001). The number of biphasic fever episodes in influenza A- or B-infected patients aged 0-4 years was 2.89-times greater than that in patients aged 10-18 years (p = 0.010), and the number of episodes in influenza A- or B-infected patients aged 5-9 years was 2.13-times greater than that in patients aged 10-18 years (p = 0.012)., (Copyright © 2018. Published by Elsevier Ltd.)

The reaction of delta-halo-gamma-oxide ylide, prepared from methylenetriphenylphosphorane and epichlorohydrin, with aldehydes afforded alkylidenecyclobutanols in moderate yields. The reaction initially proceeded through internal nucleophilic attack on delta-carbon of this ylide. Another novel approach toward the synthesis of 4-methylenetetrahydrofurans was achieved by the reaction of gamma-oxide ylides with paraformaldehyde.

Antigen contents of ornithine transcarbamylase (OTC) protein in the liver of 5 patients with OTC deficiency and mutant mice were studied by ELISA. OTC activities in the liver tissues of 2 patients were 13.1% and 5.2% of the controls, respectively. The 2 patients' antigen contents of OTC protein were decreased in parallel with the enzyme activities. OTC antigen contents were not detected in the liver tissues of remaining 3 patients who had the complete type of OTC deficiency. Enzyme activities, kinetic properties and antigen contents of the OTC deficient mutant mice were the same as the results reported previously (Briand et al. 1982). The ELISA method for the assay of OTC antigen contents used in this study is more sensitive as compared with the radial immunodiffusion technique.