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PURPOSE: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is one of the most serious complications of diabetes mellitus (DM). It is the most common cause of blindness among the working age group in the developed world and the fifth leading cause of global blindness. In Sub-Saharan Africa, 2.8% of all blindness is caused by DR. Studies addressing the prevalence of DR and associated factors are scarce in Ethiopia. The objective of this study was to determine the Prevalence and associated factors of DR development among DM patients attending University of Gondar, Tertiary Eye Care and Training center. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was carried out from March 2019 to February 2020 involving all consecutive diabetes patients who visited the center during the study period. Data were collected using a semi-structured questionnaire and data extraction check list and entered into SPSS version 20 and analyzed. Univariate and multivariable logistic regression analysis were done to identify predictors of DR. Statistical significance was determined with 95% confidence interval (CI) using odds ratio and P < 0.05. RESULTS: A total of 225 DM patients with a mean age of 55.4 ± 13.5 years were studied, of whom 95 (42.2%) had DR. Duration of diabetes ≥6 years (AOR = 2.91: 95% CI; 1.01–8.35) and baseline age < 60 years (AOR = 3.2: 95% CI; 1.19–8.63) were significantly associated with DR. DR was significantly associated with the form of therapy. Those on insulin (P = 0.025) and oral hypoglycemic agents (OHA) with insulin combination (P = 0.014) had statistically significantly associated with the development of DR. Patients with systolic blood pressure of

Asamere Tsegaw,1 Tiliksew Teshome2 1Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia; 2Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, EthiopiaCorrespondence: Asamere TsegawDepartment of Ophthalmology, University of Gondar, Gondar, EthiopiaTel +251 939912863Email asameret@yahoo.comAbstract: Bardet–Biedl syndrome (BBS) is a rare familial and multi-system disorder with an autosomal recessive pattern of inheritance and wide range of clinical variability. Its main manifestations are progressive retinal dystrophy, renal dysfunction, post-axial polydactyly, central obesity, mental retardation, and hypogonadism. Renal failure is known to be the main cause of death in patients with BBS. Retinal dystrophy and other eye diseases seen in patients with BBS can cause severe visual impairment and blindness at an early age. After written consent was obtained from the patient, we report the clinical and laboratory data of the first case from Ethiopia of an 18-year-old boy with multi-system manifestations of the Bardet–Biedl Syndrome. We discuss the main clinical manifestations of the syndrome including its potentially blinding and fatal features. We emphasize the need for diagnosis of this syndrome at an early age as possible so that proper and multidisciplinary medical care can be given for such patients to prevent unnecessary morbidity and early mortality.Keywords: Bardet–Biedl syndrome, retinal dystrophy, polydactyly, renal failure, Ethiopia

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Bardet-Biedl syndrome (BBS) is a rare familial and multi-system disorder with an autosomal recessive pattern of inheritance and wide range of clinical variability. Its main manifestations are progressiveretinaldystrophy, renal dysfunction, post-axial polydactyly, central obesity, mental retardation, and hypogonadism. Renal failure is known to be the main cause of death in patients with BBS. Retinal dystrophy and other eye diseases seen in patients with BBS can cause severe visual impairment and blindness at an early age. We report the clinical and laboratory data of the first published case from Ethiopia of an 18 year old boy with multi-system manifestations of the Bardet-Biedl Syndrome. We discuss the main clinical manifestations of the syndrome including its potentially blinding and fatal features. We emphasize the need for diagnosis of this syndrome at as an early age as possible so that proper and multidisciplinary medical care can be given for such patients to prevent unnecessary morbidity and early mortality., Ethiopian Journal of Health and Biomedical Sciences, Vol. 6 No. 1 (2014): ETHIOPIAN JOURNAL OF HEALTH AND BIOMEDICAL SCIENCES