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This report presents Deliverables 2.1 and 2.2 of the Horizon 2020 SCCALE 203050 project (Sustainable Collective Citizen Action for a Local Europe). The aim of this project is to scale the growth of energy communities - or “Renewable Energy Communities'' according to the EU Renewable Energy Directive (RED II) - across Europe in the areas of energy efficiency, renewable energy production, district heating in households and non-residential buildings. This report is the first deliverable of Work package 2 (Research and Academic Validation) which seeks to gain a better understanding of how collective citizen actions in sustainable energy develop, grow, mature - in other words, how they come of age. This will be done by analysing, monitoring and evaluating experiences of collective citizen action and community engagement in the domains of sustainable energy (i.e. renewable energy, energy efficiency, and energy conservation). This report first presents the results of a literature review (i.e. Deliverable 2.1) – using both academic and grey literature - on energy communities and collective citizen actions contributing to sustainable energy transitions. However, the report goes beyond a literature study. Instead, it was developed as a collaborative effort between the research team at Delft University of Technology and community energy experts and practitioners using multiple interactive and feedback meetings. The central aim of this report is to generate insights into the actions and activities energy communities and citizen collectives undertake to develop and mature their organisations with the objective to scale, achieve transformative change, and make both a social and environmental impact. The report maps state of the art insights into collective citizen actions at the neighbourhood level, targeting energy efficiency and renewable energy technology measures alike. Moreover, it addresses relevant theory and good practice on actions and activities that, Funded by the H2020 Framework Programme of the European Union under grant agreement No 101033676, Organisation & Governance

This paper deals with the realisation of 3D printed cerebral aneurysms by using the direct light processing (DLP) technique. The aim was to improve the anatomy knowledge, training and surgical planning on individualised patient-specific basis. Computed tomography angiography and digital subtraction angiography of three patients were used to create 3D virtual models by using a commercial image-processing software. The DLP technique was aimed at realising the corresponding 3D physical models. These were firstly evaluated by the surgeons and then, if acceptable, used for the patient-specific treatment planning. All three models provided a comprehensive 3D representation of the related anatomical structure of the aneurysms improving the understanding of the surrounding vessels and their relationships. Moreover, the use of the DLP technology allowed fabricating the 3D models of the cerebral aneurysms in a low-time and low-cost consuming way.

This study aims at demonstrating the feasibility of reproducing individualized patient-specific three-dimensional models of cerebral aneurysms by using the direct light processing (DLP) 3D printing technique in a low-time and inexpensive way. Such models were used to help neurosurgeons understand the anatomy of the aneurysms together with the surrounding vessels and their relationships, providing, therefore, a tangible supporting tool with which to train and plan surgical operations. The starting 3D models were obtained by processing the computed tomography angiographies and the digital subtraction angiographies of three patients. Then, a 3D DLP printer was used to print the models, and, if acceptable, on the basis of the neurosurgeon's opinion, they were used for the planning of the neurosurgery operation and patient information. All the models were printed within three hours, providing a comprehensive representation of the cerebral aneurysms and the surrounding structures and improving the understanding of their anatomy and simplifying the planning of the surgical operation.

Objectives: 3D anatomical models are becoming a new frontier in surgery for planning and simulation on an individualized patient specific basis. Since 1999, 3D cerebral aneurysms models for neurosurgery have been proposed. The possibility of reproducing in a realistic 3D fashion the malformation with the surrounding vascular structures, provides important preoperative information for the treatment strategy. The same models can be used for training and teaching. Unfortunately stereolitography is often burdened by high costs and long times of production. These factors limit the possibility to use 3D models to plan surgeries in an easy daily fashion. Patients and methods: Our study enrolled 5 patients harboring cerebral aneurysms. DICOM data of each aneurysm were elaborated by an open source freeware to obtain CAD molds. Afterwards, the 3D models were produced using a fused deposition or a stereolitography printer. Results: Models were evaluated by Neurosurgeons in terms of quality and usefulness for surgical planning. Costs and times of production were recorded. Conclusions: Models were reliable, economically affordable and quick to produce.

Il contributo si occupa di affrontare il tema della formazione in servizio proponendo la possibilità di realizzarla in contesti non tradizionali, quali, ad esempio, centri e musei d'arte contemporanea. Si riporta un caso di studio realizzato tra il Dipartimento di Scienze Umane della Formazione, dell'Università di Milano-Bicocca, e il centro Pirelli HangarBicocca. Il progetto ha coinvolto docenti, dalla scuola dell'infanzia alla scuola secondaria di secondo grado, in un percorso di formazione, ricerca, progettazione a contatto con le professionalità dei musei, esplorando il dietro le quinte delle esposizioni.

Il mondo della ricerca didattica si è interrogato nel tempo su quali modalità di formazione possano essere le più adeguate. Questo contributo analizza un caso di studio che ha visto un centro di arte contemporanea, come Pirelli HangarBicocca dialogare e progettare un percorso di formazione insieme con il Corso di laurea in Scienze della Formazione Primaria, cattedra di Didattica Generale.