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Objective: For our youngest pediatric patients the use of a stereotactic frame is still controversial. In a retrospective study we analyzed the medical records of these patients. Methods: Since 1990 a total of 928 children (mean age 9.89 years) underwent 1650 frame based stereotactic procedures,[for full text, please go to the a.m. URL], 70. Jahrestagung der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Neurochirurgie (DGNC), Joint Meeting mit der Skandinavischen Gesellschaft für Neurochirurgie

William Omar Contreras Lopez,1,2 Joacir Graciolli Cordeiro,1 Ulrich Albicker,3 Soroush Doostkam,4 Guido Nikkhah,1,5 Robert D Kirch,6 Michael Trippel,1 ThomasReithmeier1,7 1Department of Stereotactic and Functional Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany; 2Division of Functional Neurosurgery, Department of Neurology, Hospital das Clinicas, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil; 3Inomed, Emmendingen, 4Department of Neuropathology, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, 5Department of Neurosurgery, University Clinic Erlangen, Erlangen, 6Neuroelectronic Systems, Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, 7Department of Neurosurgery, Schwabing Academic Teaching Hospital of Technical University and Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich, Germany Background: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the standard neuroimaging method to diagnose neoplastic brain lesions, as well as to perform stereotactic biopsy surgical planning. MRI has the advantage of providing structural anatomical details with high sensitivity, though histological specificity is limited. Although combining MRI with other imaging modalities, such as positron-emission tomography (PET), has proven to increment specificity, exact correlation between PET threshold uptake ratios (URs) and histological diagnosis and grading has not yet been described.Objectives: The aim of this study was to correlate exactly the histopathological criteria of the biopsy site to its PET uptake value with high spatial resolution (mm3), and to analyze the diagnostic value of PET using the amino acid O-(2-[18F]fluoroethyl)-L-tyrosine (18F-FET) PET in patients with newly diagnosed brain lesions in comparison to histological findings obtained from stereotactic serial biopsy.Patients and methods: A total of 23 adult patients with newly diagnosed brain tumors on MRI were enrolled in this study. Subsequently to diagnoses, all patients underwent a 18F-FET PET-guided stereotactic biopsy, using an original newly developed software module, which is presented here. Conventional MRI, stereotactic computed tomography series, and 18F-FET PET images were semiautomatically fused, and hot-spot detection was performed for target planning. UR was determined using the uptake value from the biopsy sites in relation to the contralateral frontal white matter. UR values ≥1.6 were considered positive for glioma. High-grade glioma (HGG) was suspected with URs ≥3.0, while low-grade glioma (LGG) was suspected with URs between 1.6 and 3.0. Stereotactic serial biopsies along the trajectory at multiple sites were performed in millimeter steps, and the FET URs for each site were correlated exactly with a panel of 27 different histopathological markers. Comparisons between FET URs along the biopsy trajectories and the histological diagnoses were made with Pearson product-moment correlation coefficients. Analysis of variance was performed to test for significant differences in maximum UR between different tumor grades.Results: A total of 363 biopsy specimens were taken from 23 patients by stereotactic serial biopsies. Histological examination revealed eight patients (35%) with an LGG: one with a World Health Organization (WHO)-I lesion and seven with a WHO-II lesion. Thirteen (57%) patients revealed an HGG (two with a WHO-III and three with a WHO-IV tumor), and two patients (9%) showed a process that was neither HGG nor LGG (group X or no-grade group). The correlation matrix between histological findings and the UR revealed five strong correlations. Low cell density in tissue samples was found to have a significant negative correlation with the measured cortical uptake rate (r=-0.43, P=0.02), as well as moderate cell density (r=-0.48, P=0.02). Pathological patterns of proliferation (r=0.37, P=0.04), GFAP (r=0.37, P=0.04), and Olig2 (r=0.36, P=0.05) showed a significant positive correlation with cortical URs. Analysis of variance tests showed a significant difference between the LGG and the HGG groups (F=8.27, P

Objective: Replacement of striatal projection neurons by transplantation of fetal whole ganglionic eminence (WGE)-derived cell suspensions is a novel therapeutic approach for the treatment of Huntington's disease (HD). Here, we present an interim analysis on the safety, side effects and functional[for full text, please go to the a.m. URL], 62. Jahrestagung der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Neurochirurgie (DGNC), Joint Meeting mit der Polnischen Gesellschaft für Neurochirurgen (PNCH)

Objective: 2000, we have stereotactically implanted 669 deep brain electrodes in 212 patients suffering from pharmacologically intractable seizures to determine the epileptogenic focus. Methods: In a subgroup, 23 patients received 189 macroelectrodes. 77 of these electrodes were equipped with additional[for full text, please go to the a.m. URL], 62. Jahrestagung der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Neurochirurgie (DGNC), Joint Meeting mit der Polnischen Gesellschaft für Neurochirurgen (PNCH)

Objective: The European multicentre trial MIG-HD aims on the replacement of lost striatal projection neurons using fetal progenitor cells. Available data from the German branch of the trial provides information on side effects and benefits. Risk assessment is based on pharmacological safety, involving[for full text, please go to the a.m. URL], 61. Jahrestagung der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Neurochirurgie (DGNC) im Rahmen der Neurowoche 2010

Objective: Since 2000 we implanted 550 depth electrodes in 196 patients suffering from pharmacologically intractable seizures for diagnostic purposes. In a retrospective study we analyzed the benefit and the risk of stereotactic implantation of depth electrodes for presurgical invasive monitoring. [for full text, please go to the a.m. URL], 61. Jahrestagung der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Neurochirurgie (DGNC) im Rahmen der Neurowoche 2010

Objective: Motor cortex stimulation (MCS) has recently been demonstrated to be an effective therapeutic option for patients with intolerable neuropathic pain. However, long term improvement of pain control is still unsatisfactory, and around 25% of the patients do not respond to MCS. Therefore [for full text, please go to the a.m. URL], 60. Jahrestagung der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Neurochirurgie (DGNC), Joint Meeting mit den Benelux-Ländern und Bulgarien

Objective: The treatment of low-grade brain tumours is a considerable challenge, especially in children at eloquent sides. Since 1984 we treated 156 children and adolescents with interstitial radiosurgery (IRS) with I-125 seeds. The indications were symptomatic and/or progressive WHO grade I/II[for full text, please go to the a.m. URL], 60. Jahrestagung der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Neurochirurgie (DGNC), Joint Meeting mit den Benelux-Ländern und Bulgarien