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The impact of supplementing glucose, glycine, or a combination of both in Ringer’s lactate egg yolk base extender to preserve the quality of semen from local Indonesian chickens has not been previously investigated. This study aimed to examine the potential of glucose and glycine on chicken semen stored at 5°C for 120 hours. In this study, five local roosters were used. The parameters under observation included semen volume, odor, pH levels, consistency, color, mass movement, concentration, motility, viability, abnormality, plasma membrane integrity, chromatin degeneration, and acrosomal cap integrity. This study was conducted using a completely randomized design (CRD) with four treatments groups and 10 replication, i.e. T1 (control without supplementation), T2 (50 mM glucose), T3 (60 mM glycine), and T4 (a combination of 50 mM glucose and 60 mM glycine), respectively. In result, semen volume was 0.54 ± 0.17 mL/ejaculate, a milky white color, distinctive odor, thick consistency, good mass movement (++/+++), pH of 7.37 ± 0.23, motility of 91.50 ± 2.42%, plasma membrane integrity of 96.85 ± 0.96%, abnormality at 2.88 ± 0.77%, the concentration of 3.04 ± 0.3 billion/mL, and viability of 96.47 ± 1.71%. Following storage at 5°C for 120 hours, the motility, viability, abnormality, and acrosomal cap integrity of local chicken spermatozoa significantly different (p < 0.05) between T3 and T4 compared to T1 and T2 groups. Moreover, the integrity of the plasma membrane and chromatin degeneration in treatment T3 significantly different (p < 0.05) from T1, T2, and T4 groups. In conclusion, local chickens exhibited fair quality fresh semen both in macroscopic and microscopic evaluations. Furthermore, the combination of 60 mM glycine and 50 mM glucose into local chicken semen stored at 5°C for 120 hours effectively preserved motility and viability, minimized abnormality, maintained plasma membrane integrity, minimized chromatin degeneration, and retained acrosomal integrity.

ABSTRAK. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui analisis kualitas spermatozoa dan tudung akrosom utuh semen beku pada pejantan sapi Friesian Holstein (FH) dengan mutu genetik yang berbeda. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian observasional dengan 2 kelompok perlakuan jenis semen beku yang berbeda. Kelompok perlakuan jenis semen beku adalah Sapi FH proven bull (P1) dan sapi FH grade B (P2). Parameter yang diamati meliputi motilitas spermatozoa, konsentrasi spermatozoa, viabilitas spermatozoa, abnormalitas spermatozoa, dan tudung akrosom utuh (TAU) spermatozoa. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji-t untuk mengetahui perbedaan kualitas antar kelompok perlakuan, kemudian dilakukan uji chi-square untuk membandingkan nilai hasil observasi dengan nilai harapan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kualitas semen beku pada sapi FH proven bull dan sapi FH grade B tidak berbeda nyata (P0,05). Disimpulkan bahwa perbedaan mutu genetik pada pejantan tidak memengaruhi kualitas spermatozoa semen beku sapi FH. (Sperm quality and intact acrosome cap of Friesian Holstein frozen semen with different genetic qualities) ABSTRACT. This study aimed to determine the quality of spermatozoa and intact acrosome cap of Friesian Holstein bulls with different genetic qualities. This study used observational research with two categories of frozen semen types treatment. The frozen semen consisted of Friesian Holstein Proven Bull (T1) and Friesian Holstein grade B bull (T2). The parameters observed include sperm motility, sperm concentration, sperm viability, sperm abnormality, and intact acrosome cap. Data were analyzed using a t-test to determine the differences in quality between treatments. Then, the chi-square test was used to compare the observed and expected values. The results showed no significant difference (P0.05) in frozen semen quality of Friesian Holstein proven bull and Friesian Holstein grade B bull. In conclusion, the different genetic qualities of bulls did not affect the quality of frozen semen.

This research aimed to increase the reproduction of dairy cows with artificial insemination (AI) in Filial Friesian Holstein cows using sexed semen. This research was conducted in Pandesari Village, Pujon District, Malang Regency, East Java. The 114 Filial Friesian Holstein cows were used in this research and divided into three Treatments: T1: 38 cows were inseminated using unsexed semen, T2: 38 cows were inseminated using albumin sedimentation sexed semen, and T3: 38 cows were inseminated using Percoll density gradient centrifugation (PDGC) sexed semen. The material was selected by purposive sampling with a minimum body condition score (BCS) specification of 2.5 (scale 1-5); the material had normal reproductive organs and showed signs of heat/estrus. The parameters of this study are the percentage of non-return rate (NRR) 1, NRR 2, and conception rate (CR). The data obtained were analyzed using descriptive analysis. The differences in NRR and CR between the unsexed sperm, sexed sperm with albumin sedimentation, and sexed sperm with PDGC were analyzed with the chi-square test and were considered significant at p < 0.05. The chi-square test was carried out to compare the observed values with the expected values. The results showed that the success of artificial insemination was greater by using albumin-sedimented sexed semen compared to unsexed semen or PDGC-sexed semen, with NRR values of 1 (95%), NRR values of 2 (87%) and CR values of 63%. The conception rate of artificial insemination using albumin-sedimented sexed semen was 63% greater than that of artificial insemination using unsexed semen and PDGC-sexed semen, which obtained the same value of 47%.

Inseminasi Buatan (IB) adalah suatu teknologi reproduksi yang dapat diimplementasikan untuk meningkatkan populasi dan mutu genetik ternak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi keberhasilan IB dengan menggunakan dosis tunggal dan dosis ganda pada sapi peranakan Friesian Holstein (PFH). Penelitian ini dilakukan di desa Bendosari dan Sukamulya Kecamatan Pujon, Kabupaten Malang, Jawa Timur, Indonesia. Materi penelitian adalah sapi perah PFH sebanyak 99 ekor yang dipilih secara purposive sampling dengan kriteria yaitu memiliki BCS 2.5-3.5, sudah pernah melahirkan, mempunyai organ reproduksi yang sehat serta menunjukkan tanda estrus yang jelas. Perlakuan yang diberikan terdiri atas dua perlakuan yaitu 50 ekor sapi di IB dengan dosis tunggal (P0) dan 49 ekor sapi di IB dengan dosis ganda dengan waktu berbeda yaitu 2 dan 8 jam setelah munculnya estrus (P1). Deposisi semen yang digunakan adalah posisi 4 (korpus uteri). Pemeriksaan kebuntingan dilakukan dengan menggunakan ultrasonografi (USG). Parameter yang diamati adalah Non-Return Rate (NRR), Conception Rate (CR) dan Pregnancy Rate (PR). Analisa data dilakukan dengan menggunakan uji chi-square. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa persentase NRR1 dan NRR2 pada P0 adalah 70% dan 60%, sedangkan pada P1 adalah 81,63% dan 71,43%. Persentase CR pada P0 dan P1 masing-masing adalah 50% dan 57%, sedangkan nilai PR pada P0 dan P1 adalah 66% dan 67%. Hasil uji chi square menunjukkan nilai NRR dan CR menunjukkan hasil yang berbeda nyata (P0,05). Kesimpulan pada penelitian ini bahwa metode IB semen beku dosis ganda pada waktu berbeda memiliki keberhasilan kebuntingan yang lebih baik dibandingkan dengan IB dosis tunggal.

In Indonesia, small-scale dairy cattle farming dominates, constituting 80% of the industry, with economic pursuits secondary to subsistence needs. Challenges include limited green fodder, declining farmers, low milk quality, diseases, and inadequate infrastructure. Despite these issues, dairy farming persists, particularly in East Java's Malang Regency, a major contributor to national dairy cattle population and milk production. The significance of Pujon Sub-District comes to the forefront, housing the Sinau Andandani Ekonomi (SAE) Pujon Cooperative established in 1975. This cooperative plays a pivotal role in supporting small-scale farmers in Pujon, actively addressing challenges through collaborative efforts. This cooperative facilitates small-scale farmers in Pujon, addressing challenges through collective efforts. In such systems, family labor, including women and children, is integral due to limited availability. The study aims to analyse the income of dairy cattle farmers and their labour allocation as the members of SAE Pujon Cooperative, Pujon District, Regency of Malang. The data of the farm management parameters were collected through a survey at the study area. The results indicate that the average income of the farmers is IDR 4,306,798 per month. Regarding labour allocations, wives work to household affairs and husbands focus more on farming activities. The research concludes that the income of dairy farmers and their labour allocation are related to the farm scale.

Background and Aim: Egg yolk (EY) is commonly used as an extracellular cryoprotectant in semen diluents but has some negative effects. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the potential of lecithin derived from plants, such as soybeans, as an alternative extracellular cryoprotectant and to characterize liquid semen quality of Ongole crossbred bulls using a modified caudal epididymis plasma-3 [CEP-3 (m)] as a base diluent and aqueous soybean extract (ASE). Materials and Methods: A bull with progressive motility (PM) of fresh semen >70% was used. Two soybean extracts were also used, namely, ASE 1 and ASE 2, obtained by extraction procedures 1 and 2, respectively. The study was conducted using an experimental design with 11 treatments and ten replications, with diluents comprising different levels of ASE 1 and ASE 2, as well as a positive control with 10% EY. The parameters measured were motility (M) and its kinetic parameters, including PM, M, velocity curve linear, velocity straight linear, velocity average pathway, linearity, straightness, wobble, amplitude lateral head beat cross frequency, and hyperactivity using computer-assisted sperm analysis, viability, and spermatozoa abnormalities. Results: The CEP-3(m) diluent formula and ASE 1 at a 30% level maintained the PM of spermatozoa up to day 5 (40.7% ± 16.1%) of cold storage. Meanwhile, the CEP-3(m) diluent formula and ASE 2 could only maintain PM >40% until day 3 (42.1% ± 13.5%) of cold storage at a 30% level. The CEP-3(m) diluent and ASE 1 at a level of 25%–30% supported spermatozoa life (viability) up to day 5 with a value >80% (81.8 ± 3.5; 86.4 ± 2.6). The abnormality value of spermatozoa in various diluents during cold storage on days 0–5 was below 20%. Conclusion: Soybean extracts 1 and 2 can substitute EYs as extracellular cryoprotectants in modified CEP-3 basic diluents. Soybean extract 1 can support the life of spermatozoa up to day 5 but may cause the viscosity and movement of spermatozoa to be hyperactive. Soybean extract 2 can support the life of spermatozoa up to the 3rd day of cold storage and produces progressive (non-rotating) movement patterns. Further, research is recommended with higher levels of extract 2.

During storage at low temperatures, the spermatozoa quality changes due to cold shock and free radicals. Diluent supplementation with antioxidants is an effort to maintain the quality of spermatozoa during storage. This study aimed to evaluate the α-tocopherol effect in CEP extender on sperm quality, membrane integrity, and lipid peroxidation during storage at 4°C-5°C. This was a laboratory experiment that compared the use of 2 mM of α-tocopherol in CEP with no addition of α-tocopherol (as control) in five bulls. Semen was collected from Brahman bulls, diluted in CEP with and without α-tocopherol, and stored at 4°C-5°C. Sperm motility and viability were investigated by a light microscope at a ×400 magnification using Eosin-Nigrosin staining. Moreover, membrane integrity was evaluated by lipid peroxidation using the MDA assay and hypoosmotic swelling test. The sperm motility, viability, and membrane integrity were higher in CEP with α-tocopherol. Lipid peroxidation was significantly different between the treatment and control groups. The α-tocopherol supplementation in the diluent CEP could maintain the spermatozoa quality during storage at 4°C-5°C.

ABSTRACT. Keberhasilan inseminasi buatan dipengaruhi oleh kualitas semen atau motilitas spermatozoa post thawing. Inseminator menggunakan air dingin (28oC) untuk thawing semen beku sedangkan SNI menyarankan thawing semen beku dengan air hangat (37oC) selama 30 detik. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh lama dan suhu thawing pada semen beku sapi Limousin terhadap kualitas semen serta mengetahui perlakuan terbaik dari penelitian ini. Materi yang digunakan adalah 50 straw semen beku sapi Limousin yang diproduksi oleh BBIB Singosari. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah eksperimental dengan 5 perlakuan dan 10 ulangan. Variabel yang diamati adalah Motilitas Individu spermatozoa, Viabilitas spermatozoa, Abnormalitas spermatozoa, Konsentrasi dan Total Motilitas Spermatozoa. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan analisis ragam Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) dengan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) kemudian diuji dengan Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) jika terdapat perbedaan nyata. Selanjutnya diuji Chi square untuk variabel motilitas individu, konsentrasi dan total spermatozoa dan dibandingkan dengan SNI untuk semen beku. Dari hasil penelitian, didapatkan bahwa thawing pada suhu 28°C dengan lama waktu 60 detik berpengaruh sangat nyata (P0,01) terhadap viabilitas dan berpengaruh nyata (P0,05) pada motilitas individu dan total spermatozoa motil. Sedangkan, konsentrasi dan abnormalitas spermatozoa memberikan hasil tidak berpengaruh nyata (P0,05). Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah thawing dengan air dingin (suhu 28°C) selama 60 detik memberikan kualitas semen terbaik setelah thawing. (Quality of Post Thawing Frozen Semen on Limousin Bull Using Cold Water with Different Durations) ABSTRAK. The quality of post-thawing semen influences the success factor of artificial insemination (AI). Inseminators usually used tap water (28°C) to thaw the frozen semen, while Indonesian National Standard used warm water (37°C) for 30 seconds. This study aims to determine the effect of thawing duration on the frozen semen quality of Limousin Bull and also to know the best treatment between the five treatments of this experiment. The material used in this study was 50 straws of frozen semen produced by Artificial Insemination Center Singosari. The method was an experiment method with five treatments and ten replications. the variables observed were individual motility, sperm viability, sperm abnormality, concentration, and total motile of sperm. The data obtained were analyzed statistically using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) of Randomized Block Design (RBD) and then using Duncan Multiple Range Test if there is a difference. Then using Chi-Square Test for individual motility, concentration, and total motile of sperm and compared with the Indonesian National Standard of frozen semen. The results show that a temperature of 28°C with a duration of 60 seconds is highly significant (P0,01) to viability and significant (P0,05) to individual motility and total motile of sperm. While, the concentration and abnormality of sperm give no significant effect (P0,05). In conclusion, the temperature and duration of thawing at 28°C for 60 seconds show the best quality of post-thawing semen.

This study aimed to determine the relationship between estrous characteristics with the success of AI in Madura cattle. A total of 50 female Madura cattle were used in this research. The estrus quality was observed, including vulva temperature, vulva swelling, vulva color, cervical pH, and cervical mucus. The parameters were NRR-1, NRR-2, Pregnancy Rate, and conception rate. The results showed that Madura cattle with the quality of estrus in the uneven red vulva color category showed better results than red vulva color at NRR-1, NRR-2, CR, and PR values, 100%, 93,33%, 93,33%, and 93,33% respectively. Abundant cervical mucus showed better results than the moderate mucus on the NRR-1, NRR-2, CR, and PR values, which were 100%, 87,5%, 75%, and 75%, respectively. Then a vulva temperature of 37,0-37,9ºC showed better results than a vulva temperature >38ºC in the NRR-1, CR, and PR values, namely 92,12%, 64,71%, and 70,59. Furthermore, the pH condition of cervical mucus with a pH value of 7 showed better results than cervical mucus with a pH of 8 at NRR-1, NRR-2, CR, and PR, 94,12%, 94,12%, 70,59%, and 76,47%. In the very swollen vulva category, the results were better than slightly swollen at the NRR-1 value of 100%. This study concludes that the characteristic uneven color of the vulva, the vulva temperature is 37,0-37,9, the abundant cervical mucus, cervical pH 7, and a very swollen vulva give a high percentage of the success of AI.

ABSTRACT. Knowledge of farmers about estrus detection is one of the factors that affect fixed-time artificial insemination (AI). This study aims to evaluate the success rate of AI using Y sexing frozen semen based on the estrus character of cattle. Forty-five Limousin Crossed Cows involved in this research with a Body Condition Score of 3-5 (1-9 scale), 1.8-7 years old. Y sexing frozen semen is produced by the Singosari Center for Artificial Insemination using Percoll's Gradient Density Centrifugation method. Observation of estrus character was done before insemination with the deep insemination technique of AI. Artificial insemination was carried out using double doses at the 2nd and 8th hours after estrus. Rheinbio vitamins as BioATP+ are injected after AI. The results showed that the Conception Rate and Pregnancy Rate based on the estrus character was higher as indicated by the red colour of the vulva was 17.78% and 22.22%; very swollen vulva was 20% and 22.22%; abundant cervical mucus was 15.56% and 17.78%, and vaginal temperatures ranging from 38.0-38.5oC was 13.33% and 20%. In conclusion, the low percentage of pregnancy in this study was caused by various factors, mainly the genetic quality, early embryonic efficacy, maintenance management especially feed, and there were cows that experienced reproductive disorders. (Evaluasi keberhasilan inseminasi buatan menggunakan semen beku sexing berdasarkan karakter estrus yang berbeda) ABSTRAK. Pengetahuan peternak mengenai deteksi estrus merupakan salah satu faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap ketepatan waktu inseminasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi tingkat keberhasilan IB menggunakan semen sexing Y berdasarkan karakter estrus ternak. Akseptor yang digunakan pada penelitian ini berjumlah 45 ekor Sapi Persilangan Limousin dengan BCS 3-5 dan umur berkisar antara 1,8-7 tahun. Semen beku sexing Y merupakan hasil produksi Balai Besar Inseminasi Buatan (BBIB) Singosari menggunakan metode Sentrifugasi Densitas Gradien Percoll (SGDP). Pengamatan karakter estrus dilakukan sebelum inseminasi. Inseminasi Buatan dilakukan dengan menggunakan double dosis pada jam ke-2 dan jam ke-8 dengan teknik deep insemination. Vitamin Rheinbio sebagai BioATP+ diinjeksikan setelah IB. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa keberhasilan kebuntingan ditinjau dari nilai conception rate (CR) dan pregnancy rate (PR) berdasarkan karakter estrus ternak lebih tinggi ditunjukkan pada kondisi warna vulva merah merata yaitu 17,78% dan 22,22%; vulva yang sangat bengkak yaitu 20% dan 22,22%; banyak mengeluarkan lendir servik yaitu 15,56% dan 17,78%, serta suhu vagina yang berkisar antara 38,0-38,5oC yaitu 13,33% dan 20%. Persentase kebuntingan yang rendah pada penelitian ini disebabkan oleh berbagai faktor, utamanya kualitas genetik ternak, kematian embrio dini, manajemen pemeliharaan khususnya pakan, dan terdapat ternak yang mengalami gangguan reproduksi.

ABSTRACT. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi keberhasilan IB menggunakan metode dosis tunggal dan ganda pada sapi Madura. Penelitian menggunakan 25 ekor dengan metode IB dosis tunggal dan 25 ekor dengan metode IB dosis ganda. IB menggunakan semen beku sapi Madura yang diproduksi oleh Balai Besar Inseminasi Buatan (BBIB) Singosari, Malang. Teknik deposisi semen adalah 4+ (deep insemination) yaitu pada posisi cornua uteri selanjutnya dilakukan IB dosis tunggal (jam ke-8 setelah menunjukkan tanda-tanda berahi) dan IB dosis ganda (jam ke-2 dan ke-8 setelah menunjukkan tanda-tanda berahi). Akseptor diinjeksi dengan Bio ATP+ merek “Rheinbio” 10 ml per ekor dan pemberian pakan konsentrat merek “Novo NC62” 1 kg per ekor per hari selama tujuh hari setelah IB. Variabel penelitian meliputi Non Return Rate (NRR), Conception Rate (CR), dan Service Per Conception (S/C). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa IB dosis tunggal menghasilkan nilai NRR 1 sebesar 92%, NRR 2 sebesar 80%, CR sebesar 60%, dan S/C sebesar 1,71. Sedangkan pada IB dosis ganda menghasilkan nilai NRR 1 sebesar 92%, NRR 2 sebesar 84%, CR sebesar 68%, dan S/C sebesar 1,53. Kesimpulan penelitian adalah nilai NRR, CR, dan S/C pada sapi Madura dengan IB dosis ganda lebih baik daripada dengan IB dosis tunggal, dan IB dosis ganda dapat meningkatkan conception rate pada sapi Madura. (The success different of artificial insemination using single and double dosage method of Madura cows) ABSTRAK. This study aims to evaluate the success of AI using methods single and double dosage plus in Madura cows. The study used 25 Madura cow using the AI method single dosage and 25 Madura cow using the AI method double dosage. AI uses frozen semen from Madura cows produced by the Singosari Center for Artificial Insemination. The semen deposition technique is 4+ (deep insemination) in the cornua uteri position then AI implemented with a single dosage (8th hours after showing signs of estrus) and double dosage (2nd and 8th hours after showing signs of estrus). The acceptors were injected with 10 ml of "Rheinbio'' brand Bio ATP+ per cow and 1 kg of concentrate "Novo NC62" brand per cow per day was given for seven days after IB. Research variables include Non Return Rate (NRR), Conception Rate (CR), and Service Per Conception (S/C). The results showed that AI of single dosage had value NRR 1 of 92%, NRR 2 of 80%, CR of 60%, and S/C of 1.71. While AI of double dosage had value NRR 1 of 92%, NRR 2 of 84%, CR of 68%, and S/C of 1.53. In conclusion, the value of NRR, CR, and S/C in Madura cows with AI double dosage was better than AI single dosage, and AI double dosage could increase the conception rate in Madura cows.

Artificial insemination (AI) of dairy cows using sexing semen is the right choice to obtain female calves as replacement stock. The success of AI is influenced by the quality of the spermatozoa used. The purpose of this study was to determine the quality of semen produced by Lembang Artificial Insemination Center. The material used is 30 frozen semen straws of FH cattle produced by Lembang Artificial Insemination Center. This research method uses observational methods. The research variables included individual motility, viability, abnormalities, concentration, total motile spermatozoa, and intact acrosome caps of spermatozoa. The data obtained were analyzed by the Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) test and continued with Duncan's test if significantly different. The results showed that individual motility, concentration, total motile spermatozoa, and intact acrosome caps of spermatozoa had a very significant effect on all treatments (P 0.05) in all treatments. Motility of individual spermatozoa in non-sexing semen (55.80±4.56)%, sperm X (46.30±5.36)%, sperm Y (46.70±6.40)%. Viability of spermatozoa in non-sexing semen (74.57±4.05)%, sperm X (73.24±2.30)%, sperm Y (72.51±2.68)%. Spermatozoa abnormalities in non-sexing semen (2.73±2.24)%, sperm X (4.94±1.57)%, sperm Y (3.25±2.72)%. Concentration of non-sexing semen (33.88±1.98 million/mini straw), sperm X (25.06±4.29 million/mini straw), sperm Y (25.13±5.74 million/mini straw). The number of sperm motile non-sexing (18.60±1.58 million/mini straw), sperm X (11.68±2.82 million/mini straw), sperm Y (25, 11.64±2.68 million/mini straw). Intact acrosome caps, non-sexing semen (78.40±4.84)%, sperm X (74.08±3.80)%, sperm Y (70.70±4.78)%.

Usaha sapi perah membutuhkan pedet betina untuk replacement. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui sex ratio fetus hasil IB menggunakan semen beku dosis tunggal dan dosis ganda, mengetahui proporsi spermatozoa X dan Y dalam semen beku dan konfirmasi proporsi spermatozoa X dan Y dengan sex ratio fetus hasil IB. Materi dalam penelitian ini adalah 43 ekor fetus dari 100 ekor induk hasil IB semen beku dosis tunggal dosis dan 40 ekor fetus dari 98 ekor induk hasil IB semen beku dosis ganda menggunakan semen beku sapi FH. Metode yang digunakan adalah observasi langsung dengan menghitung persentase jenis kelamin fetus hasil IB menggunakan alat ultrasonografi (USG) dan proporsi spermatozoa X dan Y dalam semen beku. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji Chi-square dan dianalisis secara deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa semen beku memiliki persentase proporsi spermatozoa X sebesar 49,70% dan spermatozoa Y sebesar 50,30%. Jenis kelamin fetus yang berhasil di identifikasi hasil IB menggunakan semen beku dosis tunggal dosis adalah fetus betina sebesar 72,89% dan fetus jantan 27,11%, sedangkan pada hasil IB menggunakan semen beku dosis ganda mendapatkan hasil fetus Betina 69,33% dan fetus jantan 30,67%. Sehingga kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah sex ratio fetus betina hasil IB lebih tinggi daripada jenis kelamin fetus jantan.

One of the strategies to increase the cattle population in Indonesia is the AI (Artificial Insemination) method. The AI program's improvement of reproductive efficiency can use the oestrus synchronization method. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of body weight and body condition score on the oestrus synchronization response with the brand "lutelyse." This research was conducted in Senggreng Village, Sumberpucung District, Malang Regency, This research method uses experimental field experiments with a sampling technique of purposive sampling. This study took a sample of 21, aged 1,5 –5 years, synchronized with PGF2α as much as 5 ml, which was then carried out by observing oestrus behavior for 24 hours after synchronization. The results showed that, the percentage of oestrus in cows with body condition score (BCS) 4, which is 76.92%, is lower than cows with BCS 5, which is 100%. For the synchronization distance with the onset of oestrus in BCS 4 cattle, namely 3802.92 ± 1007.80 (minutes) and BCS 5, namely 4081 ± 884.91 (minutes) with the results of the conception rate of BCS 4 cattle of 38.46% and BCS 5 of 50%. Based on the results of the study, it was concluded that BCS 5 has a higher success pregnancy rate than BCS 4.

This study aimed to determine the accuracy of various thawing duration and temperatures to the quality of Simmental bull frozen semen. The experimental design used was a randomized group design with five treatments and ten replications, then analyzed using Chi-Square to compare the expected percentage of motility is 40%, and total motile spermatozoa are 10 million/straw value of SNI. A further test is carried out with Duncan's Multiple Range Test (DMRT) if there is a difference. The thawing treatments were 30 seconds at 37ËšC water temperatures (T0) according to SNI and at 15 seconds (T1), 30 seconds (T2), 45 seconds (T3), and 60 seconds (T4) with 28ËšC tap water temperatures. Variables observed involve motility, viability, abnormalities, concentration, and total motile spermatozoa. The data were analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) with a significant difference in variance (P0,05). The motility and the total motile spermatozoa reach the highest results at the tap water temperatures T3 (P

ABSTRACT. Lama simpan semen cair yang berbahan dasar pengencer air kelapa muda varietas kelapa hijau (C.Viridis) hanya mampu bertahan selama 3 hari pada suhu 50C akibat peroksidasi lipid yang menyebabkan kerusakan membran. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh penggunaan pengencer air kelapa terhadap konsentrasi Superoxydase Dismutase (SOD) dan kadar Malondialdehyda (MDA) semen cair kambing Boer selama penyimpanan dingin. Durasi penelitian satu bulan bertempat di Laboratorium Fakultas Kedokteran dan Laboratorium Reproduksi Ternak, Unit Sumber Sekar, Fakultas Peternakan, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang. Metode penelitian yaitu eksperimen. Dikoleksi dari semen 3 pejantan Boer umur 3-5 tahun interval 1 minggu 1 kali menggunakan Vagina Buatan. Air kelapa muda varietas viridis umur 5-7 bulan serta tris aminomethane sebagai kontrol. Rancangan penelitian didesain menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan 2 perlakuan yaitu P0 (tris aminomethane + 10% Kuning Telur) dan P1 (air kelapa muda varietas viridis + 10% Kuning Telur) masing-masing diulang 3 kali. Data dianalisis dengan analisis Ragam (Anova) dengan software Genstat 18. Variabelnya yaitu konsentrasi SOD dan MDA. Hasil penelitian diperoleh untuk SOD P0 H1= 35,842 ± 1,82 ; H3= 33,342± 3,50 dan H8= 23,729± 9,02 dalam ng/100 ug. Untuk P1 diperoleh rerata H1 =36,676±2,19 ; H3= 36,527±2,20 ; H8= 24,830± 8,93 dalam ng/100ug. Kadar MDA P0 H1= 1,072±0,2 ; H3= 1,218± 0,4 dan H8= 1,439± 0,3 dalam ng/100ug. Hasil P1 H1= 0,941± 0,0 ; H3= 1,160± 0,4 dan H8= 1,370± 0,3. Hasil Anova Perlakuan tidak berpengaruh Nyata (P0,05) disemua hari simpan, tetapi konsentrasi SOD terbaik di P1 dibandingkan P0. Kesimpulan 1. Penggunaan air kelapa sebagai pengencer semen cair kambing Boer selama pendinginan tidak berdampak pada konsentrasi SOD dan MDA. 2. Peningkatan konsentrasi MDA dan Penurunan konsentrasi SOD disebabkan karena, rendahnya antioksidant flavonoid dan vitamin C. (Concentration of Superoxydase Dismutase (SOD) and Malondialdehyda (MDA) Goat Boer Liquid Semen during Cooling using Coconut Water Diluent) ABSTRAK. The shelf life of young coconut water thinner viridis for liquid semen quality Boer goat is only up to 3 days, because there is damage due to lipid peroxidation which causes damage to the spermatozoa membrane. This study aims to analyze the effect of using coconut water thinner on the concentration of Superoxydase Dismutase (SOD) and levels of Malondialdehyda in Boer goat liquid semen during cold storage. The duration of the research is one month at the Laboratory of the Faculty of Medicine and the Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Sumber Sekar Unit, Faculty of Animal Husbandry, Brawijaya University, Malang. The research method is experimental. Collected from the semen of 3 Boer males aged 3-5 years 1 week interval using Artificial Vagina. Young viridis coconut water aged 5-7 months and tris aminomethane as a control. The research design was designed using a Randomized Block Design (RBD) with 2 treatments, namely T0 (tris aminomethane + 10% EY) and T1 (viridis young coconut water + 10% EY) each repeated 3 times. Data were analyzed by analysis of variance (Anova) with Genstat 18 software. The variables were SOD and MDA concentrations. The results obtained for SOD T0 D1 = 35.842 ± 1.82; D3 = 33.342 ± 3.50 and D8 = 23.729 ± 9.02 in ng / 100 ug. For T1, the mean D1 = 36.676 ± 2.19; D3 = 36,527 ± 2.20; D8 = 24,830 ± 8.93 in ng / 100ug. MDA levels T0 D1 = 1.072 ± 0.2; D3 = 1.218 ± 0.4 and D8 = 1.439 ± 0.3 in ng / 100ug. Result of T1 H1 = 0.941 ± 0.0; D3 = 1.160 ± 0.4 and D8 = 1.370 ± 0.3. The results of the ANOVA treatment had no significant effect (P 0.05) on all storage days, but the best SOD concentration was in T1 compared to T0. The conclusion is that 1. The use of coconut water as a liquid Boer goat semen thinner during cooling has no impact on the SOD and MDA concentrations. 2. Increased MDA concentrations and decreased SOD concentrations were due to low flavonoid and vitamin C antioxidants.

Background and Aim: Madura cattle is local cattle in Indonesia. This cattle hasphenotypic variations in growth traits. This study aimed to identify leptin (LEP) gene polymorphism exon 2 associated with body measurements in Madura cattle. Materials and Methods: We recorded body weight (BW) and body measurements of 51 Madura cattle aged 1-4 years in Waru District, Madura. The LEP gene genotyping was conducted using the polymerase chain reaction-restricted fragment length polymorphism method with AciI restriction enzyme. Results: A 267 bp DNA fragment of the LEP gene was successfully amplified using a pair of primers. This study revealed three genotypes (TT, TC, and CC) and two alleles (T and C). The frequencies of TT, TC, and CC genotypes were 0.275, 0.45, and 0.275, respectively, whereas the frequencies of T and C alleles were 0.500 and 0.500, respectively. The c.73T>C mutation was significantly associated with BW, body length (BL), and chest girth (CG) (pC) exon 2 was polymorphic and associated with body measurements, especially BW, BL, and CG.

Artificial insemination with fresh semen is an alternative that can be done if there is a limitation of liquid nitrogen, bull, and facilities for processing liquid and frozen semen (costly). This study aimed to determine the optimal diluent formula based on CEP-3 (modified/m) and aqueous soybean extract (ASE) to support spermatozoa motility at ambient temperature storage. The research design was completely randomized, with eight treatments and six replications. The diluent formula treatments were as follows: T1 (CEP-3(m)), T2 (CEP-3(m)+10% Egg Yolk/EY), T3 (CEP-3(m)+ASE 1%), T4 (CEP-3 (m)+ASE 2%), T5 (CEP-3(m)+ASE 3%), T6 (CEP-3(m)+ASE 4%), T7 (CEP-3(m)+ASE 5%), and T8 (CEP-3(m)+ASE 6%). The parameters were measured, i.e., the motility of spermatozoa and its kinetic parameters. Data were analyzed using ANOVA with SPSS 16 program. The result showed that the progressive motility of spermatozoa at day one was more than 50% in diluents CEP-3(m)+ASE 1-2%. Diluent CEP-3(m) and aqueous soybean extract 1-2% can support spermatozoa's motility and kinetic parameters during storage at ambient temperature, including progressive motility, motility, motility, velocity, and BCF.

This study determined the differences in the biochemical blood levels of Limousine crossbred cows with reproductive disorders and cows that successfully become pregnant. Limousine crossbred cows (45) were artificially inseminated, and observed for reproductive disorders after 42 days. The observation was conducted by using rectal palpation and Ultrasonography. The cows were grouped into pregnant cows and cow with reproductive disorder (infertile). The cholesterol level, calcium, total protein, and blood glucose were analyzed and statistically tested by t-test using Microsoft Excel 2019 program. The observation of cows was divided into two groups, eight of 45 were normal or pregnant and 37 of them had reproductive disorder: 8 of repeat breeding, 10 of ovarian dysfunction, 11 of cystic ovary, and 8 of silent heat. The total cholesterol of Limousine crossbred cow varied, pregnant cows demonstrated higher cholesterol than those with the reproductive disorder. The blood protein, calcium, and glucose concentration also showed significantly low concentrations in Limousine cow with reproductive disorders. In conclusion, cows with reproductive disorders were marked by low cholesterol, calcium, total protein, and glucose levels.

This research aims to determine the quantitative characteristics of Brahman cross heifer cattle's carcass and wholesale cut at different age levels. The number of heifer cattle taken as samples was 104 heifer. The research method used is a case study with the selection of locations by purpose sampling. Direct observation is used to obtain information on age, slaughter weight, carcass weight, wholesale cut weight, and parts thereof (primary, secondary, and manufacturing cut). The data obtained were then analyzed by analysis of variance (ANOVA). If there was a significant difference, it is followed by a further test of the Least Significant Difference (LSD). The results showed that the age levels in slaughter had a significant effect (P

ABSTRACT. Superovulasi merupakan suatu metode pemanfaatan induk betina unggul untuk menghasilkan embrio sebanyak-banyaknya untuk kegiatan transfer embrio. Tujuan penelitian ini membandingkan 2 teknik superovulasi yang berbeda pada sapi persilangan Belgian Blue. Penelitian dilakukan di Balai Embrio Ternak Cipelang Bogor dengan menggunakan 24 ekor sapi persilangan Belgian Blue dengan umur 2-3 tahun, masing-masing perlakuan 12 ekor. Penelitian dilakukan secara eksperimen dengan dua perlakuan, P1 = Superovulasi menggunakan penyuntikan FSH selama 3 hari pada pagi dan sore (metode konvensional) dengan dosis 400 mg FSH dalam 20 ml pelarut dan P2 = Superovulasi menggunakan penyuntikan tunggal (satu kali) FSH dengan dosis 400 mg FSH dalam 3 ml pelarut . Parameter pada penelitian ini adalah Jumlah Corpus luteum (CL), respon rate, perolehan embrio, kualitas embrio, recovery rate, dan tingkat fertilisasi. Data yang diperoleh diuji dengan uji T tidak berpasangan. Hasil analisa data menunjukkan hasil yang tidak berbeda nyata (P0,05) pada jumlah CL P1 : 8,42+3,06 dan P2 : 6,08+4,74; Respon rate P1 : 100% dan P2 : 75%; Total perolehan embrio P1 : 6,08+2,64 embrio dan P2 : 4,45+4,01 embrio; Embrio recovery rate P1 : 70,37+9,18% dan P2 : 61,33+12,12%; Embrio Layak Transfer P1 : 3,83+2,92 embrio dan P2 : 2,73+2,28 embrio; dan berbeda nyata (P0,05) pada rataan fertilisasi P1 : 79,10% dan P2 : 95,26%. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah teknik superovulasi penyuntikan tunggal FSH secara subkutan memberikan efek superovulasi dan menghasilkan embrio dengan jumlah dan kualitas yang tidak berbeda nyata dengan teknik superovulasi konvensional. (Superovulation Responses of Belgian Blue Crossbreed Cattle Treated with Different Superovulation Methods) ABSTRAK. Superovulation is a technique for producing a large number of embryos for embryo transfer using a genetically superior female. The purpose of this research was to compare two alternative methods of superovulation in Belgian Blue crossbreed cattle. The study used 24 Belgian Blue crossbred cattle aged 2-3 years, including 12 cows per treatment, at the National Livestock Embryo Center of Cipelang in Bogor. The research was done in an experimental setting using two different treatments, P1 = Superovulation using twice daily FSH injections for three days at a dose of 400 mg FSH dissolved in 20 ml of saline, and P2 = Superovulation using FSH single injections at a dose of 400 mg FSH dissolved in 3 ml of saline. The parameters in this study were the number of corpus luteum (CL), response rate, total number of embryo/ova collection, embryo quality, recovery rate, and fertilization rate. The data obtained were tested by unpaired T test. The results of data analysis showed results that were not significantly different (P0.05) on the number of CL P1 : 8.42+3.06 and P2 : 6.08+4.74; Response rate P1 : 100% and P2 : 75%; Total number of embryos collection P1 : 6.08+2.64 embryos and P2 : 4.45+4.01 embryos; Embryo recovery rate P1 : 70.37+9.18% and P2 : 61.33+12.12%; Transferable Embryos P1 : 3.83+2.92 embryos and P2 : 2.73+2.28 embryos; and significantly different (P0.05) on fertilization rate P1 : 79.10% and P2 : 95.26%. The conclusion of this study show that the subcutaneous FSH single injection technique induces superovulation and produces embryos that are similar in number and quality to those produced by conventional superovulation techniques.

A research group of Animal Science Faculty of Brawijaya University introduced and implemented Frozen sexed semen Artificial Insemination to 120 beef cattle farmers in Palang Village, Tuban Regency, East Java, from 2017 to 2019. The result of the program reported that the success rate of the technology is quite high, with the birth rate of male claves up to 80%. However, farmers’ adoption rate of the technology was relatively low. This research aims to evaluate factors that affected the adoption rate including the technology, characteristics of respondents, and the extension agents. Primary data were collected through a census of 120 farmers involved in the program and in-depth interviews with stakeholders. Secondary data were collected through related documents including reports of the programs, Statistics, and other related documents. This research utilized Quantitative and qualitative analyses. Data of the study indicated that respondents have neutral perceptions of the Frozen Semen Sexing Artificial Insemination. Although male calves relatively have a higher price, more than 50% of respondents did not expect specific sexing for the calves. In-depth interview data revealed that the success of the Artificial insemination technology is more valuable for the farmers rather than the sexing. Characteristics of respondents and the extension agents played significant roles in the adoption rate of the Frozen Sexed Semen Artificial Insemination technology adoption in Palang Village, Tuban Regency, East Java.

The quality of liquid semen with coconut water as diluent could be preserved up to 3 to 4 days during cold storage at 4 - 5oC. In this research, the successful insemination rate of coconut water-based diluent Boer goat liquid semen was observed to understand the application of coconut water as semen diluent. The materials used in this research were 5 to 7 months Viridis coconut water, liquid semen from 3 years old Boer buck, 30 does for acceptor, and Tris-aminomethane added with 10% egg yolk (EY) as a control diluent. The Boer semen was collected once a week by using artificial vagina, diluted and then stored before used for insemination. The insemination was done by using intra-cervical method at position 3, started with estrous synchronization by using 2 mL PGF2α. The research was conducted as experimental method under randomized group design with two treatments, that were Tris-aminomethane + 10% EY (P0) and coconut water + 10% EY (P1). All of the treatments were repeated for 15 times and the collected data were analyzed with Pearson’s chi square with Genstat 18 program. The observed variables include non-return rate and kidding rate. The results showed that the first non-return rate of P1 were 93.33% and in P0 were 73.33%, while the second non-return rate of P1 were 93.33% and in P0 were 80%. Furthermore, the kidding rate of P1 were 40% and P0 were 66.66%. The Pearson’s chi square analysis showed that there was no effect of coconut water as semen diluent to the kidding rate. The research concludes that the usage of coconut water as semen diluent did not affect the successful insemination rate of Boer goat.

The factors that influence the success of Artificial Insemination is affected by acceptors that will be used for AI which have a good Body Condition Score, because BCS has a relationship with animal reproduction, such as fertility and pregnancy. The purpose of this research was to evaluate and determine the relationship of Body Condition Score (BCS) on Service per Conception (S/C) and Conception Rate (CR). The material used was 80 Brahman Cross (BX) cows, the sample was selected by Purposive Sampling with the criteria 2-3 years old with body weight ranged from 300-500 kg, gave birth, and BCS between 4-7 (scale 1-9). The method used in this study was the survey method. The variables observed were the relationship between Body Condition Score (BCS), Service per conception (S/C), and Conception Rate (CR). The data was obtained by using correlation analysis and also a simple regression with the SPSS 2.0 software program, then analyzed descriptively. The results showed that the equation of relationship between BCS and S/C variables obtained r = 0.961% and the regression value equation y = -25.998 + 1.520x (R2) 23.9%. The relationship between BCS and CR variables obtained a value of r = 0.976% and BCS regression equation value with CR y = -39.727 + 1.109x (R2) 29.5%. The research thus concludes that there is a positive relationship that is being between BCS on the S/C and CR of Brahman Cross cows.Â

ABSTRAK. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi tingkat keberhasilan IB semen beku sexing Y. Penelitian menggunakan 39 sapi Peranakan Ongole dan 77 sapi Persilangan Limousin yang di IB secara double dosis. IB menggunakan semen beku spermatozoa Y dengan metode pemisahan Sentrifugasi Gradien Densitas Percoll (SGDP) sapi Limousin yang diproduksi oleh Balai Besar Inseminasi Buatan (BBIB) Singosari. Teknik deposisi semen adalah 4+ yaitu pada posisi cornua uteri selanjutnya dilakukan IB pada jam ke 2 dan ke 8. Untuk akseptor dilakukan penyuntikan BioATP+ dan pemberian pakan konsentrat 3 kg per hari selama 3 hari setelah IB. Variabel penelitian meliputi Non Return Rate (NRR), Service Per Conception (S/C), dan Conception Rate (CR). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa IB sapi Peranakan Ongole dan sapi Persilangan Limousin yaitu NRR1 sebesar 82,05% dan 89,61%, nilai NRR2 sebesar 76,92% dan 84,42%, nilai CR sebesar 58,97% dan 74,03%, serta nilai S/C sebesar 1,78% dan 1,46%. Kesimpulan penelitian adalah IB menggunakan semen beku hasil sexing Y sapi Limousin pada sapi persilangan Limousin memiliki tingkat keberhasilan yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan sapi Peranakan Ongole. (The success rate of artificial insemination using frozen sexing semen of different breed cow) ABSTRACT. This study aimed to evaluate the success rate of AI frozen semen sexing Y. The material in this study used 39 Filial Ongole and 77 Limousin crossbred cattle in AI in double dose. The spermatozoa used were Y frozen semen of Limousin bull with the Percoll Gradient Density Centrifugation (SGDP) separation method produced by the Singosari Center for Artificial Insemination. The semen deposition technique was 4+, which has the position of the cornua uteri (deep Insemination), then AI implemented with a double dose at the 2nd and 8th hours after estrous. The cow acceptor was injected with BioATP+ and feed by 3 kg concentrate per day for three days after AI. Research variables include Non-Return Rate (NRR), Service Per Conception (S/C), and Conception Rate (CR). The results showed that AI of Peranakan Ongol and Limousin crossbred cattle on NRR1, NRR2, CR values, and S/C values respectively was 82.05% and 89.61%; 76.92% and 84.42%; 58.97% and 74.03%; 1.78% and 1.46%. In conclusion, AI using frozen semen from sexing Y Limousin cattle in Limousin crossbred cows had a higher success rate than Filial Ongole cattle.

Abstract Bali cattle are Indonesian native cattle that are preferred because they have adaptability and reproductive efficiency capabilities. The productivity of this cow can be increased using artificial insemination. The success of IB implementation is determined by the quality of the semen used. This article aims to provide an overview of the quality of fresh semen, after dilution and the types of diluents that have generally been used to maintain Bali cattle spermatozoa. The quality of fresh semen provides an overview of the condition of the semen after storage. Types of diluents that have been used are chemical diluents such as tris aminomethane, CEP, skim milk, andromed and natural diluents such as coconut water, carrot juice, guava filtrate, honey and tomato juice. Bali cattle semen stored in each diluent gives a different quality response depending on the diluent used. This diluent has a different response to semen qualities in cold and frozen storage. Keywords: Quality of semen; Diluent; Bali cattle; Spermatozoa Abstrak Sapi Bali merupakan sapi asli Indonesia yang disukai karena memiliki kemampuan adaptasi dan kemampuan efisiensi reproduksi. Produktivitas sapi ini dapat ditingkatkan menggunakan inseminasi buatan. Keberhasilan pelaksanaan IB ditentukan oleh kualitas semen yang digunakan. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk memberikan gambaran tentang kualitas semen segar, setelah pengenceran dan jenis pengencer yang umumnya telah digunakan untuk mempertahankan spermatozoa sapi Bali. Kualitas semen segar memberikan gambaran kondisi semen setelah penampungan. Jenis pengencer yang telah digunakan adalah pengencer dari bahan kimia seperti tris aminomethane, CEP, susu skim, andromed dan pengencer alternatif seperti air kelapa, sari wortel, filtrat jambu biji, madu dan sari buah tomat. Semen sapi Bali yang disimpan pada masing-masing pengencer memberikan respon kualitas yang berbeda-beda tergantung bahan pengencer yang digunakan. Secara umum pengencer yang digunakan mampu mempertahankan kualitas semen sapi Bali. Kata kunci: Kualitas semen; Pengencer; Sapi Bali; Spermatozoa

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui peningkatan conception rate melalui insmeinasi buatan dengan menggunakan semen sexing double dosis pada sapi persilangan ongole. Dalam penelitian ini 96 ekor sapi induk persilangan ongole yang terdiri atas 64 ekor sapi yang diinseminasi dengan semen beku dan 32 ekor sapi yang diinseminasi dengan semen sexing beku double dosis. Sapi yang digunakan dipilih secara acak dengan berdasarkan beberapa kriteria yaitu bebas dari gangguan reproduksi dan menunjukkan tanda-tanda estrus yang jelas. Tempat deposisi semen adalah 4+ atau cornua utery untuk meningkatkan peluang keberhasilan kebuntingan. Penelitian ini terdiri dari dua perlakuan yaitu inseminasi dengan semen beku non sexing (P1) dan semen sexing beku (P2). Parameter yang diamati adalah Non Return Rate (NRR), Service per Conception (S / C) dan Conception Rate (CR). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa NRR 1 dan NRR2 pada P1 adalah 90,63% dan 79,69%, sedangkan pada P2 masing-masing adalah 81,25% dan 78,12%. Nilai S / C pada P1 adalah 1,09 sedangkan pada P2 adalah 1,19. Sedangkan, nilai CR pada P1 dan P2 masing-masing adalah 43,75% dan 68,75. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa IB dengan semen sexing double dosis dapat meningkatkan nilai conception rate pada Sapi Persilangan Ongole.

This research helps study the combination of active combination of beluntas leaf (tannin fraction; combined alkaloid + flavonoid + tannin fraction) with various doses of spermatogenic cell counts, spermatozoa quality, testosterone levels, damage to liver cells and black and white skin. This study is an experimental study, using RAK experimental design with a combination of types of active composition of beluntas leaves Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that there is a combination of active combinations of beluntas leaves (tannin fraction; combined alkaloid + flavonoid + tannin) fractions with various benefits on the number of spermatogenic cells, individual motility, abnormalities, power live in male white rats; there is no combination for spermatozoa concentration and number of motile spermatozoa, and testosterone levels. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh kombinasi pemberian jenis senyawa aktif daun beluntas (fraksi tanin; fraksi gabungan alkaloid+flavonoid+tanin) dengan berbagai dosis terhadap jumlah sel spermatogenik, kualitas spermatozoa, kadar testosteron, kerusakan sel hati dan ginjal tikus putih jantan, Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimen, menggunakan rancangan percobaan RAK dengan kombinasi perlakuan antara jenis senyawa aktif daun beluntas Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, dapat disimpulkan ada pengaruh kombinasi pemberian senyawa aktif daun beluntas (fraksi tanin; fraksi gabungan alkaloid+ flavonoid+tanin) dengan berbagai dosis terhadap jumlah sel spermatogenik, motilitas individu, abnormalitas, daya hidup pada tikus putih jantan; tidak ada pengaruh kombinasi untuk konsentrasi spermatozoa dan jumlah spermatozoa motil, dan kadar testosterone.

The purpose of artificial insemination using sexing semen was to obtain the calf according to the expected sex. This study aimed to determine the success of artificial insemination in non-sexing and sexing of frozen semen. The materials used in this research were 77 non-sexing artificial insemination acceptor cows and 77 sexing artificial insemination acceptor cows with double dose treatment. The method used in this study was experimental field experiment with the research treatment: P0 = frozen non-sexing semen straw and P1 = frozen semen of spermatozoa Y by sexing method using Percoll Density Gradient Centrifugation (SGDP) produced by Balai Besar Inseminasi Buatan (BBIB) Singosari. The variables of this study were Non Return Rate (NRR), Service Per Conception (S/C) and Conception Rate (CR). The data obtained were analyzed descriptively. The results of the study in each non-sexing and sexing artificial insemination treatment were: the percentage of NRR 1 were 90.91% and 77.92%, followed by NRR 2 with 88.31% and 76.62%, the pregnancy percentage were 84.42% and 75.33%, and the CR values were 79.22% and 57.14%. The conclusion of this study was artificial insemination using frozen non-sexing semen had a higher success rate compared to artificial insemination using frozen sexing semen.

Kualitas spermatozoa pada semen beku sexing sangat penting dalam menunjang keberhasilan inseminasi buatan untuk mendapatkan pedat dengan jenis kelamin sesuai harapan. Tujuan penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kualitas semen beku semen beku non sexing dan sexing secara makroskopis dan mikroskopis. Materi dalam penelitian menggunakan starw semen beku non sexing dan sexing dengan metode pemisahan Sentrifugasi Gradien Densitas Percoll (SGDP) sapi Limousin yang diproduksi oleh Balai Besar Inseminasi Buatan (BBIB) Singosari, Malang. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan eksperimental dengan percobaan labolatorium (laboratory experiment). Variabel penelitian meliputi keadaan umum meliputi tahun produksi straw, secara makroskopis meliputi pH semen beku dan secara mikroskopis meliputi persentase motilitas, viabilitas, abnormalitas, konsentrasi dan total spermatozoa motil. Data yang diperoleh diolah Microsoft Excel dengan analisis Ragam Analysis of variance (Anova) single factor dianalisis secara deskriptif. Hasil penelitian yaitu semen beku non sexing dan sexing meliputi keadaan umum diproduksi tahun 2012 dan 2018, kualitas secara makroskopis memiliki nilai pH sebesar 6,67 dan 6,60 dan kualitas secara mikroskopis memiliki persentase motilitas sebesar 36,00 % dan 31,40 %, viabilitas sebesar 81,70 % dan 75,89 %, abnormalitas sebesar 6,93 % dan 6,78 %, konsentrasi spermatozoa sebesar 31,67 juta/ mini straw dan 12,125 juta/ mini straw dan total spermatozoa motil sebesar 11,39 juta/mini straw dan 5,10125 juta/mini straw. Kesimpulan penelitian bahwa Kualitas post thawing semen beku non sexing lebih tinggi daripada semen beku sexing menggunakan metode SGDP baik secara makroskopis maupun mikroskopis.

Coconut water extender is the solution to the difficulty and high cots of procurement of diluents. The objective of this study was to examine the effect of various formulations of coconut water extender on quality of PO bull sperm during storage in 4-5 oC. This study was carried out at Animal Reproduction Laboratory of Faculty of Animal Husbandry Brawijaya University and Laboratory of Beef Cattle Research Center Grati Pasuruan on March to April, 2018. The study method used laboratory experimental. The experimental design was Factorial Randomized Completely Block Design and the data were analyzed by Analyze of Variance. There are four treatments in this study (P0 = CEP-3 + 20 % of yolk, P1 = Coconut Water + 20% of yolk, P2 = Coconut Water + 20% of yolk + 0,4% white egg + fructose 1 mg/ml, dan P3 = Coconut Water + 20% of yolk + 0,4% white egg + fructose 2 mg/ml) and ten replications of each treatment. There were significant differences in sperm motility between CEP-3 extender and coconut water-based with various formula extenders during chilled storage at 2-5 oC. But the treatment between coconut water-based formulas did not show a significant difference. Coconut water extenders are able to maintain sperm motility up to day 5 with values above 57%.

ABSTRAK. Saat ini sudah tersedia berbagai produk teknologi monitoring kesehatan ternak berdasarkan analisis tingkah laku ternak. Namun belum ada teknologi monitoring berdasarkan tingkah laku yang cocok untuk pemeliharaan intensif seperti di Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan dasar teknologi monitoring sapi berahi berdasarkan perubahan total durasi berbaring harian antara sapi berahi dengan non berahi. Sebanyak 18 ekor sapi betina Peranakan Ongole (PO) sehat reproduksi ditempatkan pada kandang individu yang terpantau kamera selama 24 jam. Pengambilan data foto posisi berbaring atau berdiri sapi dilakukan tiap 2 menit. Dilakukan penjumlahan durasi total berdiri dan berbaring harian selama satu siklus berahi. Penentuan kondisi berahi menggunakan metode visual dan menggunakan heat detector “Brunstmessgerat”. Uji T test berpasangan dilakukan untuk membandingkan rata-rata berbaring harian sapi non berahi dengan durasi harian sapi berahi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa lama siklus berahi adalah sebesar 20,3 ± 1,5 hari yang mengindikasikan sapi sehat secara reproduksi dan mendapatkan ketercukupan nutrisi pakan. Data total durasi berbaring harian yang didapatkan dari hasil tangkapan foto kamera menunjukkan sebaran data yang terdistribusi normal dan terdapat perbedaan yang nyata antara total durasi berbaring harian sapi berahi 49,83% dengan rata-rata total durasi berbaring harian sapi non berahi 53,60%. Hasil ini membuka peluang untuk dikembangkan menjadi teknologi monitoring sapi berahi berdasarkan perbedaan tingkah laku berbaring sapi. (Decreasing of the total daily lying behavior on oestrus cow, as an opportunity to become an automatic warning system for oestrus cows) ABSTRACT. Today, various livestock health monitoring technology products based on the analysis of livestock behavior are available. However, there is no behavior-based monitoring technology suitable for intensive maintenance such as in Indonesia. This study aims is to obtain the basic monitoring technology for heat cows based on changes of the total daily lying behavior duration between oestrus and non oestrus cows. A total of 18 healthy PO cows were placed in individual pan which were monitored by the camera in 24 hours a day. Collecting photo data from lying or standing position of the cow was done every 2 minutes. The total duration of daily standing and lying behavior for one oestrus cycle was done. The determination of the heat condition used a visual method and a heat detector manufactured by Brunstmessgerat. Paired T-test was conducted to compare the average daily lying behavior of oestrus and non oestrus cows. The results showed that the oestrus cycle length was 20,3 ± 1,5 days, which indicated that the cows were reproductively healthy and had adequate feed nutrition. The total daily lying behavior duration data obtained from the camera photo captures showed that the distribution of data is normally distributed and there is a significant difference between the total daily lying behavior duration of oestrus 49,83% and non oestrus 53,60%. This result opens the opportunity to be developed into a monitoring technology for oestrus cows based on differences in the lying behavior.

ABSTRAK. Sexing spermatozoa bertujuan untuk mengatur jenis kelamin sesuai harapan. Salah satu metode sexing adalah dengan menggunakan Sentrifugasi Gradien Densitas Percoll. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui berbagai parameter motilitas menggunakan Computer-assisted Sperm Analysis dan proporsi spermatozoa X dan Y menggunakan metode Sentrifugasi Gradien Densitas Percoll dengan volume awal yang berbeda. Penelitian dilakukan di Loka Penelitian Sapi Potong Grati, Pasuruan, pada bulan Januari sampai Maret 2020. Materi yang digunakan adalah Semen Sapi Peranakan Ongole berumur ±5 tahun dan bobot badan ±700 kg sebanyak 3 ekor, motilitas masa ≥ 2+ dan motilitas individu ≥ 70%. Metode yang digunakan adalah eksperimental menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan 3 perlakuan volume saat sexing yaitu P1= 1 ml, P2= 1,5 ml dan P3= 2 ml dengan ulangan 11 kali. Ulangan juga berfungsi sebagai kelompok (block). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa setelah dilakukan sexing dan pendinginan hingga 5oC persentase motilitas adalah P1:71,02+10,08 %; P2: 79,63+8,65 % dan P3: 83,38+6,67 %, sedangkan motilitas progresif pada P1: 47,68+8,71%; P2: 59,61+7,26 % dan P3: 62,21+6,74%. Curvilinear Velocity (VCL) pada P1: 50,9±7,73 µm/s, P2: 55,2±5,03 µm/s dan P3: 53,2±5,97%. Straight-line Velocity (VSL) pada P1: 20,8±8,19 µm/s; P2: 21,6±6,02 µm/s; P3: 22,1±5,77 µm/s, sedangkan Average Path Velocity (VAP) pada P1: 30,2±7,82 µm/s; P2: 32,5±6,14 µm/s dan P3 : 31,5±6,18 µm/s. Linearity (LIN) pada P1: 40,2±12,26%;P2: 39,1±10,31%;P3: 39,8±7,25%. Straightness (STR) pada P1: 67,2±11,20%; P2: 65,7±10,06%;P3: 67,2±7,92% sedangkan Wobble (WOB) pada P1: 59±9,49%; P2: 58,8±8,63% dan P3: 59,1±7,74%. Kesimpulan dari penelitian adalah motilitas dan motilitas progresif spermatozoa pada sampel dengan volume awal 2 ml lebih baik dibandingkan dengan sampel dengan volume awal 1 ml dan 1,5 ml. (Characteristics of Sexing Spermatozoa Motility in Ongole Cattle with Different Initial Volume) ABSTRACT. Sperm sexing is a technique of sorting a specific type of sperm cell to fertilize the egg cell. One of the sexing methods that can be used for spermatozoa sexing is percoll gradient density centrifugation. This research aims to find out various motility parameters using Computer-assisted Sperm Analysis and the proportion of spermatozoa X and Y using density gradient centrifugation method percoll with different initial volume. The study was conducted at Grati Beef Cattle Research Station, Pasuruan, from January to March 2020. Materials of the study were Semen of 3 Filial Ongole Cattles, aged ± 5 years, with ± 700 kg body weight, mass motility ≥ 2+, and individual motility ≥ 70%. The method used was experimental using a Randomized Group Design with 3 treatment volume when sexing i.e. T0= 1 ml, T1= 1.5 ml dan T2= 2 ml with repetition 11 times. The repetition also functions as groups (blocks). The results showed that after sexing and cooling up to 5oC, the percentage of motility is T0:71.02+10.08 %; T1: 79.63+8,65 % and T2: 83.38+6.67 %. Progressive motility on T0: 47.68+8.71%; T1: 59.61+7.26 % and T2: 62.21+6.74%. Curvilinear Velocity (VCL) on T0: 50.9±7.73 µm/s, T1: 55.2±5.03 µm/s and T2: 53.2±5.97%. Straight-line Velocity (VSL) on T0: 20.8±8.19 µm/s; T1: 21.6±6.02 µm/s; T2: 22.1±5.77 µm/s. The Average Path Velocity (VAP) on T0: 30.2±7.82 µm/s; T1: 32.5±6.14 µm/s and T2 : 31.5±6.18 µm/s. Linearity (LIN) on T0: 40.2±12.26%; T1: 39.1±10.31%;T2: 39.8±7.25%. Straightness (STR) on T0: 67.2±11.20%; T1: 65.7±10.06%; T2: 67.2±7.92%. Wobble (WOB) on T0: 59±9.49%; T1: 58.8±8.63% and T2: 59.1±7.74%. The conclusion of the study is the motility and progressive motility of spermatozoa in samples with an initial volume of 2 ml is better than samples with an initial volume of 1 ml and 1.5 ml.

Studi ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi kecukupan nilai nutrisi untuk induk sapi potong di Desa Leran Wetan dan Leran Kulon, Kecamatan Palang, Kabupaten Tuban. Data diambil dengan metode survei menggunakan kuisioner kepada 15 responden di masing-masing desa. Sampel pakan diambil di masing-masing peternak responden kemudian dianalisis proksimat dan dilanjutkan uji kecernaan BK dan BO secara in vitro di Laboratorium Nutrisi dan Makanan Ternak, Fakultas Peternakan, Universitas Brawijaya. Analisis data dilakukan secara deskriptif kuantitatif. Hasil survei menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata kepemilikan induk sapi potong di masing-masing desa antara 2-3 ekor, bobot badan 300-350 kg/ekor, dengan tujuan pemeliharaan untuk menghasilkan pedet. Jenis pakan yang sering diberikan bervariasi meliputi rumput gajah, rumput lapang, limbah pertanian seperti jerami padi dan jerami jagung serta dedak padi sebagai pakan tambahan. Konsumsi BK pakan di Desa Leran Wetan rata-rata adalah 5,853 ± 1,663 kg/ekor/hari dan di Desa Leran Kulon adalah 5,943 ± 1,325 kg/ekor/hari sedangkan kebutuhan berdasarkan bobot badannya adalah 7,4 – 8,3 kg/ekor/hari. Ransum dengan pakan basal limbah pertanian di Desa Leran Kulon memiliki KcBK sebesar 27,844 ± 0,679% sedangkan ransum dengan pakan basal rumput memiliki nilai KcBK lebih tinggi yaitu 44,919 ± 1,800%. Nilai KcBK Ransum berbasis jerami di Desa Leran Wetan adalah 27,918 ± 0,692% dan yang berbasis rumput adalah sebesar 44,434 ± 2,026%. Nilai KcBO di Desa Leran Kulon pada ransum berbasis jerami dan rumput berturut-turut adalah 30,234 ± 46,412% dan 46,412 ± 1,778% sedangkan di Desa Leran Wetan berturut-turut adalah 33,689 ± 1,081% dan 52,989 ± 3,139%. Berdasarkan hasil studi tersebut, dapat disimpulkan bahwa pakan yang dikonsumsi oleh ternak masih belum memenuhi kebutuhannya. Penggunaan limbah pertanian dapat menurunkan nilai kecernaan ransum maka sebaiknya diganti dengan hijauan seperti leguminosa dan rumput. Pakan dengan kualitas yang baik akan meningkatkan performa reproduksi induk sapi potong.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pengencer CEP-3 kuning telur terhadap kualitas semen cair sapi Peranakan Ongole (PO) pada media simpan yang berbeda. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Lapang Fakultas Peternakan Universitas Brawijaya pada bulan Agustus sampai September 2017. Materi penelitian yang digunakan yaitu semen segar sapi Peranakan Ongole (PO) berumur 2 tahun ditampung menggunakan vagina buatan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah eksperimental laboratorium dengan 5 perlakuan yaitu P0 (media simpan refrigerator suhu 5 oC), P1 (media simpan termos kosong suhu 28 oC), P2 (media simpan termos berisi es batu suhu 0 oC), P3 (media simpan termos berisi air es suhu 9 oC), dan P4 (media simpan termos berisi air sumur suhu 25 oC) masing-masing perlakuan menggunakan 10 ulangan apabila terdapat perbedaan yang nyata dilanjutkan dengan uji Jarak Duncan. Hasil analisis ragam pada penyimpanan hingga jam ke-8 menunjukkan berbeda sangat nyata (P 70 % dikemas didalam dan tanpa straw.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tampilan reproduksi sapi Rambon betina pada paritas yang berbeda. Variabel dalam penelitian ini adalah nilai Service per Conception, Calving Interval, Conception Rate dan Days Open di Kecamatan Glagah, Kabupaten Banyuwangi. Materi yang digunakan adalah 113 ekor sapi Rambon dipilih secara purposive sampling pada paritas yang berbeda. Data dianalisis dengan analisa deskriptif menggunakan nilai rataan dan standar deviasi pada nilai Service per conception, Calving Interval, Conception Rate, Days Open dan dilanjutkan menggunakan uji Kruskal Wallis. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa nilai Service per Conception pada paritas satu memiliki efisiensi terbaik sebesar 1,1±0,31 kali. Nilai Calving Interval pada paritas tiga memiliki efisiensi terbaik sebesar 374,4±29,02 hari. Nilai Days Open pada paritas tiga memiliki efisiensi terbaik sebesar 96,9±27,93 hari. Nilai Conception Rate pada paritas satu menunjukkan efisiensi terbaik yaitu sebesar 90%. Disimpulkan bahwa tampilan reproduksi sapi Rambon di Kecamatan Glagah Kabupaten Banyuwangi dalam kondisi optimal.

Artificial Insemination (AI) is a technique that is widely used by farmers to improve the genetic quality of livestock. This method can be increased in value by using sexing semen that can regulate and produce the sex of the offspring as expected. The purpose of this study was to determine the success of AI by using frozen sexing semen on Ongole Crossbred cows in Malang Regency. The materials used were 98 Ongole crossbred cows in traditional farm of Malang Regency especially in Pakis, Tumpang, Jabung and Singosari Districts. The method used was a field experiment with two treatments: 49 cows were inseminated by using frozen sexing semen (P1) and 49 cows were inseminated by using non sexing semen (P0). The variables observed were the Non-Return Rate (NRR) value observedin 3 estrous cycle after AI and CR value based on pregnancy observation at 8 months of pregnancy. Data were analyzed descriptively and continued with a one-proportion z-test. The datashowed that the CR value on P1; P0 were 55.10% and 65, 31% respectively.furthemore, the NRR value on P1 from NRR1 to NRR3 were 87,76%, 73,47% and 67,35%, while on P0 95,92%, 83,67% and 75,51% respectively.It can be conclude thatCR and NRR value of sexing semenwas lower than non sexing semen, however sexing semen can be applied for certain purposes such as producing offspring as expected

Artificial insemination (AI) in cattle using Ongole Cross Breed liquid semen with cauda epidydymal plasma-2 (CEP-2) diluent+0.6% Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) aimed to improve the genetic quality of livestock with high sperm motility on beef cows. Addition of BSA as extracellular cryoprotectant to support egg yolk function to prevent membrane damage caused by cold shock during cold storage. This research was conducted in Tumpang, Pakis, and Singosari Sub-district, Malang Regency using 38 cows that inseminated using frozen semen of Limousine and Simmental breeds as control (19 cows) and liquid semen with CEP-2 + 0.6% BSA as a treatment (19 cows). The reproductive parameters were Non Return Rate (NRR), Service per Conception (S/C) and Conception Rate (CR). Data were analyzed descriptively and continued by chi-square test. The results showed that insemination using frozen and liquid semen did not affect the success rate of AI in beef cows. The NRR43-63 value of frozen was 89.40% and liquid semen was 78.94%; the CR value of frozen semen was 84.21% and liquid semen was 57.89%; and the S/C value of frozen semen was 1.21 and liquid semen was 1.42. The conclusions of the study were the values of NRR43-63, CR and S/C of frozen higher than liquid semen.

The Artificial Insemination (AI)Â results in Beef cattle are expected to be male calf because they can increaseweight gain rapidly, so in this study AI was carried out by using sexing semen with Percoll density gradient centrifugation method containing Y sperm.This study was conducted to evaluate the success rate of AI using frozen sexing semen on Ongole Cross Breed. The study method used wasexperimental, comparing AI frozen sexing semen and frozen semen in 54 Ongole Cross Breed. The study variableswere Non Return Rate1 (NRR1), Non Return Rate2 (NRR2) and Conception Rate (CR).The study showed that the success rate of based on the value of NRR1 and NRR2AI using frozen sexing semen on Ongole Cross Breed is lower than un sexed frozen semen with the NRR1 value is 73,91%; 93,54% while the value of NRR2 was 69,56%; 83,87%. Based on CR value of frozen sexing semen higher than un sexed frozen semen showed CR valuewas 43,47%; 35,48%.

ABSTRAK. Pejantan untuk program inseminasi buatan adalah pejantan unggul yang diseleksi berdasarkan libido dan produksi spermatozoa. Penelitian bertujuan untuk menganalisa hubungan antara tingkah laku seksual dengan produksi spermatozoa sapi Brahman. Materi penelitian adalah 3 pejantan sapi Brahman yang ditampung menggunakan vagina buatan. Metode penelitian adalah observasional dengan mengamati waktu reaksi dan lama ejakulasi. Observasi laboratorium dengan mengamati volume, konsentrasi, dan motilitas individu untuk menghitung total spermatozoa (TS) dan total spermatozoa motil (TSM). Pengamatan dilakukan sebanyak 10 ulangan. Data dianalisa secara deskriptif serta hubungan antara tingkah laku seksual dan produksi spermatozoa dihitung dengan korelasi Pearson. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat variasi tingkah laku seksual dan produksi spermatozoa pada sapi Brahman. Individu Cipta mempunyai waktu reaksi dan lama ejakulasi paling singkat serta produksi spermatozoa paling rendah. Hubungan signifikan antara waktu reaksi dengan TS serta TSM pada individu Bizzyard dengan koefisien determinasi (R2) sebesar 14 % dan 20%. Hubungan sangat signifikan antara lama ejakulasi dengan TS serta TSM pada individu Cipta dengan R2 sebesar 46% dan 58%. Kesimpulan penelitian adalah terdapat hubungan antara tingkah laku seksual dengan produksi spermatozoa pada sapi Brahman, dengan koefisien korelasi (r) tertinggi sebesar 0,72 dan R2 sebesar 58% antara lama ejakulasi dan total spermatozoa motil pada individu Cipta. (The relationship between sexual behavior and semen production in Brahman bulls) ABSTRACT. Bulls for artificial insemination must be selected based on libido and sperm production. The study aimed to analyze the relationship between sexual behavior with sperm production on Brahman bulls. The material was 3 Brahman bulls collected using artificial vagina. The method was observational by observing reaction time and ejaculation duration. Laboratory observations by observing volume, concentration, and motility to calculate total sperm (TS) and total motile sperm counts (TMSC). Observations were replicated 10 times. The data were analyzed descriptively, the relationship between behavior and sperm production was examined using Pearson correlation. The results showed that there were variations in sexual behavior and sperm production in each bull. Cipta have the shortest reaction time and ejaculation duration and the lowest sperm production. A significant relationship between reaction time and TS and TMSC in Bizzyard with coefficient of determination (R2) of 14% and 20%. A very significant between ejaculation duration with TS and TMSC in Cipta with R2 of 46% and 58%. In conclusion, there was a relationship between sexual behavior and sperm production in Brahman bulls, with the highest correlation coefficient (r) of 0.72 and R2 of 58% between ejaculation duration and the total motile sperm counts in Cipta.

Artificial Insemination using liquid semen is technology reproduction can improve goat productivity without liquid nitrogen. The Purpose of this research was to determine differences of old coconut water varieties of red (Cocos rubescens) and green (Cocos viridis) as diluent Boer goat semen, based on motility, viability and spermabnormalities during storage at 3-50C. The materials used for this research was Boer goat fresh semen as much as 3 heads were collected 2 times a week. Experimental Design. The treatment were devided into three Treatmen, there were: P0 (Tris+ 20% egg yolk); P1 (old coconut water varieties red + 20% egg yolk); P2 (old coconut water varieties green + 20% egg yolk). The data were analyzed by randomized block design, if the result are different or significantly different then continued to be tested with Duncan's multiple range test. The result showed that during storage until days 4, P0 has the best result on motility (40,5 + 1,1 %), viability (45,18+ 1,56 %), and abnormality (1,89+ 0,59 %). While on the diluent using old coconut water green variety better then red variety. On day of 2 P1 and P2 have motility (61 + 1,3%) and (51+ 7,5%); Viability (67,14+17,99%) and (55,37+10,66%), abnormality (1,23 + 1,02%) dan (1,70+ 0,99%).

Artificial insemination (AI) using liquid semen give an alternative for the areas doesn’t exist a liquit nitrogen.The purpose of the research was to know about the succesfull artificial insemination (AI) using liquid semen with Tris Aminometan + egg yolk diluent of ongole crossbreed cattle indicated by Non Return Rate (NRR) and Conception Rate (CR). This research was conducted in sub district Tumpang Malang Regency, East Java on June 2017 until November 2017. The material used in this research were 54 ongole crossbreed cows normal reproduction and estrus condition. The method in this research was experimental using 54 heads of cattle with 27 heads inseminated used frozen semen (T0) and 27 heads inseminated liquid semen (T1). The parameters observed were NRR1, NRR2, and NRR3 and CR. The data showed the first parameter of AI success was 81.48% of NRR1, 81.48% of NRR2, and 81.48% of NRR3 used frozen semen and 96.30% of NRR1, 88.89% of NRR2and 81.48% of NRR3 used liquid semen. While for CR showed result 62.96% for frozen semen and 59.26% for liquid semen. In conclusion, the value of NRR for all treatments still meet the AI success standards. The result of Conception Rate of Frozen semen treatments is 62.96% and the liquid semen is 59.26%. Keyword: frozen semen, liquid semen, Non Return Rate, and Conception Rate. Inseminasi buatan (IB) menggunakan semen cair memberikan alternatif daerah yang tidak ada nitrogen cair. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengevaluasi keberhasilan IB menggunakan semen cair dengan pengencer Tris Aminomethan kuning telur pada sapi persilangan ongol yang berdasarkan Non Return Rate (NRR) dan Conception Rate (CR). Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dikecamatan Tumpang Kabupaten Malang, Jawa Timur pada bulan Juni 2017 hingga November 2017. Materi yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah 54 ekor sapi betina dari berbagai bangsa yang normal dan dalam kondisi birahi. Metode dalam penelitian ini adalah percobaan yang menggunakan 54 ekor sapi dengan rincian 27 ekor di IB semen beku (P0) dan 27 ekor di IB semen cair (P1). Parameter yang diamati adalah NRR1, NRR2, dan NRR3 dan CR. Data menunjukan keberhasilan IB adalah NRR1 81,48%, NRR2 81,48%, dan NRR3 81,48% untuk semen beku dan NRR1 96,30%, NRR2 88, 89%, dan NRR3 81,48% untuk semen cair. Sedangkan untuk CR menunjukkan hasil 62,96% untuk semen beku dan 59,26% untuk semen cair. Kesimpulannya, nilai NRR untuk semua perlakuan masih memenuhi standar keberhasilan IB. Hasil konsepsi perlakuan semen beku adalah 62,96% dan semen cair 59,26%. Kata kunci : semen beku, semen cair, Non Return Rate dan Conception Rate.

Abstract: The purpose of this research was to investigate the successful difference of artificial insemination (AI) using frozen semen and liquid semen with CEP-3 + egg yolk diluent of Ongole Crossbred cow indicated by Non Return Rate (NRR) and Conception Rate (CR). The materials used were 54 heads of cow which selected purposively using some criteria such as healthy, free from any reproduction disorder and having at least sexual desire criteria 3A (red, swollen and warm). This field experiment consisted of direct observation and interview to acquire primary and secondary data. The datas were analyzed descriptively and continued by Chi-square test. The results showed that the value of NRR was insignificant influenced between the two treatment. The Conception Rate for frozen semen and liquid semen was found 62.96% and 51.85% respectively. The conclusion of this experiment was the successful rate of artificial insemination (AI) using liquid semen with the CEP-3 + 20% egg yolk diluent was lower than artificial insemination using frozen semen. The value of Conception Rate of frozen semen treatment was 62.96% and the liquid semen treatment was 51.85%.

The aim of this research was to know the storage media with the best temperature to maintain the quality of Ongole crossbred bull liquid semen diluted with tris aminomethan without raffinose + 20% egg yolk. The material used in this research was semen obtained from Ongole crossbred bull located in Sumber Sekar Laboratory of Faculty of Animal Husbandry Universitas Brawijaya Malang. The method was used in laboratory experimental research with experimental design used 5 treatments with 5 replications, there were M1 (thermos containing ice cubes with temperature 0o C), M2 (refrigerator temperature 3-5o C), M3 (thermos containing ice water with temperature 9o C), M4 (thermos containing water with temperature 25o C), and M5 (empty thermos with temperature 28o C). The variables observed were motility, viability, abnormality, and total motile sperm. Data were analyzed using Randomized Block Design, total motile sperm tested using Pearson's Chi Square with expectation value of 40 million motile sperm/ml. The result of this research showed that the storage media had a significant effect on the quality of Ongole crossbred bull liquid semen of motility, viability, and abnormality. Total motile sperm at the 3rd hour showed significantly different M3 and M4 (P

This study was conducted to examine the effect of PGF2α injection on onset oestrus and pregnancy rate of Brahman Cross (BX) heifer at Breeding Unit of PT. Pasir Tengah, Cianjur-West Java. Oestrus synchronization was carried out by intramuscular injection of 5 ml of the synthetic PGF2α in active corpus luteum phase. Oestrus observed 24 hours after PGF2α injection. Artificial insemination with frozen semen was conducted 8h after observed estrous. The material used in this research were 40 heifers given a PGF2α injection and 40 heifers without injection. The method used is experimental design, if there were a significant result, continued tested by Chi-square method. The variable observed were onset estrous (every 4 hours after PGF2α injection), characteristic of estrous (visual characteristic in estrous condition) and conception rate. The result showed that oestrus response or degree of synchronizing after PGF2α injection was good. 21 heifers were shown onset estrous mostly on days-30 until days-40 after 5 ml injection. The other hand, PGF2α has no effect on pregnancy rate. Pregnancy rate was found 53% for heifers with PGF2α injection and 63% for heifers without PGF2α injection, Determination Pregnancy rate was performed by using Non-Return Rate score.

The purpose of this research is to acknowledge the difference of AI time towards Brahman Cross Cow’s pregnancy rate determined by time and Non Return Rate (NRR). The subjects in this research are 75 female Brahman Cross. Methods that were used during this research are fiels testing. Selection method of the sample livestock used is Purpose Sampling with criterias : Female adult cow with weight >250kg, aged 1,5 – 2 years, healthy, and free from any disease, and at least have mating urge. Materials used during this research are frozen cow semen that acquired from Balai Inseminasi Buatan (BIB) Lembang, Bandung, West Java widh 35-40% motility. The variabels are Cow’s pregnancy and mating urge’s symptomps. Data acquired duringthis reserch are analyzed descriptively and chi-square tested. Supportive datas are food and valuefrom heat detector (HD). Research result shows that Brahman Cross species which AI within 0-4 hours interval have higher CR according to NRR1, which is 70%. Compared with the other breed that AI within 8-12 hour interval, which had 37,14% CR value. According to chi-square test, the difference of AI time of Brahman Cross are p

The purpose of this research wasinvestigated the substitution effect of Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) with albumen on CEP-2 diluent to semen quality of Boer goat that was stored at 3-50C. Research was conducted at Reproduction Laboratory and Field Laboratory SumberSekarDau Animal Husbandry Faculty of Brawijaya University from December 2016until January 2017. The materials used for this research were fresh semen from 3,5-4,5 years old Boer goat which was collected with artificial vagina. Semen diluent was divided into two groups, those were P0 (90% CEP-2 + 10% Egg Yolk) and P1 (90% CEP-2 (without BSA) + 0,4% albumen + 10% Egg Yolk). Data of the research were analyzed using paired design t test. The result showed that after eight days of chilled preservation, the sperm motility of P0 was not significantly different with P1 (P>0,05). The average percentage of motility during eight days preservation P0 was higher than P1. The viability between P0 and P1 showed highly significantly difference (P

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of characteristics of cervical mucus before artificial insemination (AI) as conception rate (CR). The study materials were 112 composite cattle in estrus. Fifty five composite heifers and 57 composite cows. Samples of cervical mucus were examined for amount and consistency. The amount of the cervical mucus was studied based on its much, little and nothing of secretion the cervical mucus while the consistency was based on the thinness and thickness of the cervical mucus. The measurement of vaginal temperature was conducted by digital thermometer. The pregnancy diagnosis was performed at the 60th days post insemination. Data was analyzed by descriptive and Chi-square. Findings showed that the conception rates of composite cattle with thin, thick, and nothing secretion of cervical mucus were 66.67%, 68.00%, 35.71% on composite cows and 37.03%, 50.00%, 37.50% on composite heifers. The vaginal temperature with thin, thick, and nothing secretion of cervical mucus were 38.7±1.0 oC, 38.9±0.7 oC, 38.6±0.5 oC. It was concluded that characteristics of servical mucus before artificial insemination (AI) gave effect to conception rate. It was suggested that optimum time to artificial insemination (AI) of composite cattle was on thick and thin secretion of servical mucus. Keywords: Cervical mucus, vaginal temperature, artificial insemination (AI), composite cattle, conception rate (CR).

This study is conducted on December 2016until January 2017 in Sumber Sekar Field Laboratory, Faculty of Animal Husbandry, Brawijaya University. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of different maturity levels of green coconut water dilution with 10% of egg yolk to the sperm quality of Boer goat during storage. Materials used in the study were male Boer kept in Sumber Sekar Field Laboratory. The semen was collected routinely once in 2 days using artificial vagina with fresh semen quality requirement individual motility ≥70%. The method used in this study is Randomnized Block Design which consists of three treatments, there are P0 as control (CEP-2 + 10% Egg Yolk); P1 (Young Green Coconut Water + 10% Egg Yolk) and P2 (Mature Green Coconut Water + 10% Egg Yolk). If the difference between the treatments showed real influence, then the Duncan’s Multiple Range Test will be done. The grouping is sorted by the semen observation time. The observed variables macroscopically include volume, smell, consistency, color and acidity, and microscopically which include individual motility, mass motility, viability and abnormality.The study result for the mean and standard deviation (SD) of motility in storage until the 4th day. The motility of P0 (36.67 ± 32.96)%, then P1 (20.0 ± 13.78)%, and the last P3 (18.33 ± 19.15). Dilution with the best viabillity average in the 4th day in P0 (58.02 ± 19.93)%, in P1 (26.10 ± 18.47)% and the last is P2 (25,87 ± 20,60)%.the average value of abnormality on the 4th day shows that the lowest average abnormality found in P0 (1.49 ± 0.73)%, then P1 (1.89 ± 1.68)% and the highest average value of abnormality is in P2 (2,87 ± 1.41). Keywords : liquid semen, boer goat, green coconut water, CEP-2, cold storage

The objective of this research was to examine the effect of removal raffinose in tris aminomethane egg yolk diluents to semen quality of Boer goat during chilled preservation. This research was carried out at Animal Reproduction Laboratory and Sumber Sekar Laboratory, Animal Husbandry Faculty, Brawijaya University from December 11th 2016 to January 31th 2017. Semen diluent was divided into two groups, there were P0 (80% Tris Aminomethane + 20% Egg Yolk); and P1 (80% Tris Aminomethane (without raffinose) + 20% Egg Yolk). Parameter of this research was motility percentage, viability percentage, and abnormality percentage. Data of this research was analyzed using paired design t test. The result showed that after five days chilled preservation, was different (P0,05) in P1 treatment compared to the expectation value of 40 million sperm/ml. The conclution of this research was the tris aminomethane egg yolk diluent without raffinose could protect of Boer goat semen quality during chilled preservation. Keywords: boer goat semen, tris aminomethane, raffinose, chilled preservation