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36 results on '"Trinanes, J."'

1. Dynamical geography and transition paths of Sargassum in the tropical Atlantic

Author

Beron-Vera, F. J., Olascoaga, M. J., Putman, N., Trinanes, J., Goni, G. J., and Lumpkin, R.

Subjects
Physics - Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics, Mathematics - Dynamical Systems, Mathematics - Probability, Nonlinear Sciences - Chaotic Dynamics
Abstract

By analyzing a time-homogeneous Markov chain constructed using trajectories of undrogued drifting buoys from the NOAA's Global Drifter Program, we find that probability density can distribute in a manner that resembles very closely the recently observed recurrent belt of high Sargassum density in the tropical Atlantic between 5--10$^{\circ}$N, coined the \emph{Great Atlantic Sargassum Belt} (\emph{GASB}). A spectral analysis of the associated transition matrix further unveils a forward attracting almost-invariant set in the northwestern Gulf of Mexico with a corresponding basin of attraction disconnected from the Sargasso Sea, but including the nutrient-rich regions around the Amazon and Orinoco rivers mouths and also the upwelling system off the northern coast of west Africa. This represents a data-based inference of potential remote sources of Sargassum recurrently invading the Intra-Americas Seas (IAS). By further applying Transition Path Theory (TPT) on the data-derived Markov chain model, two potential pathways for Sargassum into the IAS from the upwelling system off the coast of Africa are revealed. One TPT-inferred pathway takes place along the GASB. The second pathway is more southern and slower, first going through the Gulf of Guinea, then across the tropical Atlantic toward the mouth of the Amazon River, and finally along the northeastern South American margin. The existence of such a southern TPT-inferred pathway may have consequences for bloom stimulation by nutrients from river runoff., Comment: To appear in AIP Advances

Published
2022
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2. Carriers of \emph{Sargassum} and mechanism for coastal inundation in the Caribbean Sea

Author

Andrade-Canto, F., Beron-Vera, F. J., Goni, G. J., Karrasch, D., Olascoaga, M. J., and Trinanes, J.

Subjects
Physics - Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics, Nonlinear Sciences - Chaotic Dynamics
Abstract

We identify effective carriers of \emph{Sargassum} in the Caribbean Sea and describe a mechanism for coastal choking. Revealed from satellite altimetry, the carriers of \emph{Sargassum} are mesoscale eddies (vortices of 50-km radius or larger) with coherent material (i.e., fluid) boundaries. These are observer-independent -- \emph{unlike} eddy boundaries identified with instantaneously closed streamlines of the altimetric sea-surface height field -- and furthermore harbor finite-time attractors for networks of elastically connected finite-size buoyant or "inertial" particles dragged by ocean currents and winds, a mathematical abstraction of \emph{Sargassum} rafts. The mechanism of coastal inundation, identified using a minimal model of surface-intensified Caribbean Sea eddies, is thermal instability in the presence of bottom topography., Comment: To appear in Physics Fluids

Published
2021
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3. Clustering of marine-debris- and \emph{Sargassum}-like drifters explained by inertial particle dynamics}

Author

Miron, P., Olascoaga, M. J., Beron-Vera, F. J., Putman, N. F., Trinanes, J., Lumpkin, R., and Goni, G. J.

Subjects
Physics - Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics
Abstract

Drifters designed to mimic floating marine debris and small patches of pelagic \emph{Sargassum} were satellite tracked in four regions across the North Atlantic. Though subjected to the same initial conditions at each site, the tracks of different drifters quickly diverged after deployment. We explain the clustering of drifter types using a recent Maxey-Riley theory for surface ocean inertial particle dynamics applied on multidata-based mesoscale ocean currents and winds from reanalysis. Simulated trajectories of objects at the air-sea interface are significantly improved when represented as inertial (accounting for buoyancy and size), rather than as perfectly Lagrangian (fluid following) particles. Separation distances between simulated and observed trajectories were substantially smaller for debris-like drifters than for \emph{Sargassum}-like drifters, suggesting that additional consideration of its physical properties relative to fluid velocities may be useful. Our findings can be applied to model variability in movements and distribution of diverse objects floating at the ocean surface., Comment: Submitted to Geophy. Res. Lett

Published
2020
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4. Observation and quantification of inertial effects on the drift of floating objects at the ocean surface

Author

Olascoaga, M. J., Beron-Vera, F. J., Miron, P., Triñanes, J., Putman, N. F., Lumpkin, R., and Goni, G. J.

Subjects
Physics - Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics, Nonlinear Sciences - Chaotic Dynamics
Abstract

We present results from an experiment designed to better understand the mechanism by which ocean currents and winds control flotsam drift. The experiment consisted in deploying in the Florida Current and subsequently satellite tracking specially designed drifting buoys of varied sizes, buoyancies, and shapes. We explain the differences in the trajectories described by the special drifters as a result of their inertia, primarily buoyancy, which constrains the ability of the drifters to adapt their velocities to instantaneous changes in the ocean current and wind that define the carrying flow field. Our explanation of the observed behavior follows from the application of a recently proposed Maxey--Riley theory for the motion of finite-size particles floating at the surface ocean. The nature of the carrying flow and the domain of validity of the theory are clarified, and a closure proposal is made to fully determine its parameters in terms of the carrying fluid system properties and inertial particle characteristics., Comment: Physics of Fluids, submitted 17-Nov-2019

Published
2019
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5. Enduring Lagrangian coherence of a Loop Current ring assessed using independent observations

Author

Olascoaga, M. J., Beron-Vera, F. J., Wang, Y., Triñanes, J., and Pérez-Brunius, P.

Subjects
Physics - Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics, Nonlinear Sciences - Chaotic Dynamics, Physics - Fluid Dynamics
Abstract

Ocean flows are routinely inferred from low-resolution satellite altimetry measurements of sea surface height assuming a geostrophic balance. Recent nonlinear dynamical systems techniques have revealed that surface currents derived from altimetry can support mesoscale eddies with material boundaries that do not filament for many months, thereby representing effective transport mechanisms. However, the long-range Lagrangian coherence assessed for mesoscale eddy boundaries detected from altimetry is constrained by the impossibility of current altimeters to resolve ageostrophic submesoscale motions. These may act to prevent Lagrangian coherence from manifesting in the rigorous form described by the nonlinear dynamical systems theories. Here we use a combination of satellite ocean color and surface drifter trajectory data, rarely available simultaneously over an extended period of time, to provide observational evidence for the enduring Lagrangian coherence of a Loop Current ring detected from altimetry. We also seek indications of this behavior in the flow produced by a data-assimilative system which demonstrated ability to reproduce observed relative dispersion statistics down into the marginally submesoscale range. However, the simulated flow, total surface and subsurface or subsampled emulating altimetry, is not found to support the long-lasting Lagrangian coherence that characterizes the observed ring. This highlights the importance of the Lagrangian metrics produced by the nonlinear dynamical systems tools employed here in assessing model performance., Comment: In press in nature.com/Scientific Reports

Published
2017

6. Dissipative inertial transport patterns near coherent Lagrangian eddies in the ocean

Author

Beron-Vera, F. J., Olascoaga, M. J., Haller, G., Farazmand, M., Trinanes, J., and Wang, Y.

Subjects
Physics - Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics, Mathematics - Dynamical Systems, Nonlinear Sciences - Chaotic Dynamics, Physics - Fluid Dynamics
Abstract

Recent developments in dynamical systems theory have revealed long-lived and coherent Lagrangian (i.e., material) eddies in incompressible, satellite-derived surface ocean velocity fields. Paradoxically, observed drifting buoys and floating matter tend to create dissipative-looking patterns near oceanic eddies, which appear to be inconsistent with the conservative fluid particle patterns created by coherent Lagrangian eddies. Here we show that inclusion of inertial effects (i.e., those produced by the buoyancy and size finiteness of an object) in a rotating two-dimensional incompressible flow context resolves this paradox. Specifically, we obtain that anticyclonic coherent Lagrangian eddies attract (repel) negatively (positively) buoyant finite-size particles, while cyclonic coherent Lagrangian eddies attract (repel) positively (negatively) buoyant finite-size particles. We show how these results explain dissipative-looking satellite-tracked surface drifter and subsurface float trajectories, as well as satellite-derived \emph{Sargassum} distributions., Comment: Submitted to \emph{Chaos} Focus Issue on Objective detection of Lagrangian Coherent Structures. Revised 23-Feb-15

Published
2014
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8. The 2023 report of the Lancet Countdown on health and climate change: the imperative for a health-centred response in a world facing irreversible harms

Author

Romanello, M., Napoli, C., Green, C., Kennard, H., Lampard, P., Scamman, D., Walawender, M., Ali, Z., Ameli, N., Ayeb-Karlsson, S., Beggs, P., Belesova, K., Berrang Ford, L., Bowen, K., Cai, W., Callaghan, M., Campbell-Lendrum, D., Chambers, J., Cross, T., van Daalen, K., Dalin, C., Dasandi, N., Dasgupta, S., Davies, M., Dominguez-Salas, P., Dubrow, R., Ebi, K., Eckelman, M., Ekins, P., Freyberg, C., Gasparyan, O., Gordon-Strachan, G., Graham, H., Gunther, S., Hamilton, I., Hang, Y., Hänninen, R., Hartinger, S., He, K., Heidecke, J., Hess, J., Hsu, S., Jamart, L., Jankin, S., Jay, O., Kelman, I., Kiesewetter, G., Kinney, P., Kniveton, D., Kouznetsov, R., Larosa, F., Lee, J., Lemke, B., Liu, Y., Liu, Z., Lott, M., Lotto Batista, M., Lowe, R., Odhiambo Sewe, M., Martinez-Urtaza, J., Maslin, M., McAllister, L., McMichael, C., Mi, Z., Milner, J., Minor, K., Minx, J., Mohajeri, N., Momen, N., Moradi-Lakeh, M., Morrissey, K., Munzert, S., Murray, K., Neville, T., Nilsson, M., Obradovich, N., O'Hare, M., Oliveira, C., Oreszczyn, T., Otto, M., Owfi, F., Pearman, O., Pega, F., Pershing, A., Rabbaniha, M., Rickman, J., Robinson, E., Rocklöv, J., Salas, R., Semenza, J., Sherman, J., Shumake-Guillemot, J., Silbert, G., Sofiev, M., Springmann, M., Stowell, J., Tabatabaei, M., Taylor, J., Thompson, R., Tonne, C., Treskova, M., Trinanes, J., Wagner, F., Warnecke, L., Whitcombe, H., Winning, M., Wyns, A., Yglesias-González, M., Zhang, S., Zhang, Y., Zhu, Q., Gong, P., Montgomery, H., Costello, A., Romanello, M., Napoli, C., Green, C., Kennard, H., Lampard, P., Scamman, D., Walawender, M., Ali, Z., Ameli, N., Ayeb-Karlsson, S., Beggs, P., Belesova, K., Berrang Ford, L., Bowen, K., Cai, W., Callaghan, M., Campbell-Lendrum, D., Chambers, J., Cross, T., van Daalen, K., Dalin, C., Dasandi, N., Dasgupta, S., Davies, M., Dominguez-Salas, P., Dubrow, R., Ebi, K., Eckelman, M., Ekins, P., Freyberg, C., Gasparyan, O., Gordon-Strachan, G., Graham, H., Gunther, S., Hamilton, I., Hang, Y., Hänninen, R., Hartinger, S., He, K., Heidecke, J., Hess, J., Hsu, S., Jamart, L., Jankin, S., Jay, O., Kelman, I., Kiesewetter, G., Kinney, P., Kniveton, D., Kouznetsov, R., Larosa, F., Lee, J., Lemke, B., Liu, Y., Liu, Z., Lott, M., Lotto Batista, M., Lowe, R., Odhiambo Sewe, M., Martinez-Urtaza, J., Maslin, M., McAllister, L., McMichael, C., Mi, Z., Milner, J., Minor, K., Minx, J., Mohajeri, N., Momen, N., Moradi-Lakeh, M., Morrissey, K., Munzert, S., Murray, K., Neville, T., Nilsson, M., Obradovich, N., O'Hare, M., Oliveira, C., Oreszczyn, T., Otto, M., Owfi, F., Pearman, O., Pega, F., Pershing, A., Rabbaniha, M., Rickman, J., Robinson, E., Rocklöv, J., Salas, R., Semenza, J., Sherman, J., Shumake-Guillemot, J., Silbert, G., Sofiev, M., Springmann, M., Stowell, J., Tabatabaei, M., Taylor, J., Thompson, R., Tonne, C., Treskova, M., Trinanes, J., Wagner, F., Warnecke, L., Whitcombe, H., Winning, M., Wyns, A., Yglesias-González, M., Zhang, S., Zhang, Y., Zhu, Q., Gong, P., Montgomery, H., and Costello, A.

Published
2023

10. The 2021 report of the Lancet Countdown on health and climate change: code red for a healthy future

Author

Romanello, M., McGushin, A., Di Napoli, C., Drummond, P., Hughes, N., Jamart, L., Kennard, H., Lampard, P., Solano Rodriguez, B., Arnell, N., Ayeb-Karlsson, S., Belesova, K., Cai, W., Campbell-Lendrum, D., Capstick, S., Chambers, J., Chu, L., Ciampi, L., Dalin, C., Dasandi, N., Dasgupta, S., Davies, M., Dominguez-Salas, P., Dubrow, R., Ebi, K.L., Eckelman, M., Ekins, P., Escobar, L.E., Georgeson, L., Grace, D., Graham, H., Gunther, S.H., Hartinger, S., He, K., Heaviside, C., Hess, J., Hsu, S.-C., Jankin, S., Jimenez, M.P., Kelman, I., Kiesewetter, G., Kinney, P.L., Kjellstrom, T., Kniveton, D., Lee, J.K.W., Lemke, B., Liu, Y., Liu, Z., Lott, M., Lowe, R., Martinez-Urtaza, J., Maslin, M., McAllister, L., McMichael, C., Mi, Z., Milner, J., Minor, K., Mohajeri, N., Moradi-Lakeh, M., Morrissey, K., Munzert, S., Murray, K.A., Neville, T., Nilsson, M., Obradovich, N., Sewe, M.O., Oreszczyn, T., Otto, M., Owfi, F., Pearman, O., Pencheon, D., Rabbaniha, M., Robinson, E., Rocklöv, J., Salas, R.N., Semenza, J.C., Sherman, J., Shi, L., Springmann, M., Tabatabaei, M., Taylor, J., Trinanes, J., Shumake-Guillemot, J., Vu, B., Wagner, F., Wilkinson, P., Winning, M., Yglesias, M., Zhang, S., Gong, P., Montgomery, H., Costello, A., Hamilton, I., Romanello, M., McGushin, A., Di Napoli, C., Drummond, P., Hughes, N., Jamart, L., Kennard, H., Lampard, P., Solano Rodriguez, B., Arnell, N., Ayeb-Karlsson, S., Belesova, K., Cai, W., Campbell-Lendrum, D., Capstick, S., Chambers, J., Chu, L., Ciampi, L., Dalin, C., Dasandi, N., Dasgupta, S., Davies, M., Dominguez-Salas, P., Dubrow, R., Ebi, K.L., Eckelman, M., Ekins, P., Escobar, L.E., Georgeson, L., Grace, D., Graham, H., Gunther, S.H., Hartinger, S., He, K., Heaviside, C., Hess, J., Hsu, S.-C., Jankin, S., Jimenez, M.P., Kelman, I., Kiesewetter, G., Kinney, P.L., Kjellstrom, T., Kniveton, D., Lee, J.K.W., Lemke, B., Liu, Y., Liu, Z., Lott, M., Lowe, R., Martinez-Urtaza, J., Maslin, M., McAllister, L., McMichael, C., Mi, Z., Milner, J., Minor, K., Mohajeri, N., Moradi-Lakeh, M., Morrissey, K., Munzert, S., Murray, K.A., Neville, T., Nilsson, M., Obradovich, N., Sewe, M.O., Oreszczyn, T., Otto, M., Owfi, F., Pearman, O., Pencheon, D., Rabbaniha, M., Robinson, E., Rocklöv, J., Salas, R.N., Semenza, J.C., Sherman, J., Shi, L., Springmann, M., Tabatabaei, M., Taylor, J., Trinanes, J., Shumake-Guillemot, J., Vu, B., Wagner, F., Wilkinson, P., Winning, M., Yglesias, M., Zhang, S., Gong, P., Montgomery, H., Costello, A., and Hamilton, I.

Published
2021

11. The 2021 report of the Lancet Countdown on health and climate change: code red for a healthy future

Author

Romanello, M, McGushin, A, Di Napoli, C, Drummond, P, Hughes, N, Jamart, L, Kennard, H, Lampard, P, Rodriguez, BS, Arnell, N, Ayeb-Karlsson, S, Belesova, K, Cai, W, Campbell-Lendrum, D, Capstick, S, Chambers, J, Chu, L, Ciampi, L, Dalin, C, Dasandi, N, Dasgupta, S, Davies, M, Dominguez-Salas, P, Dubrow, R, Ebi, KL, Eckelman, M, Ekins, P, Escobar, LE, Georgeson, L, Grace, D, Graham, H, Gunther, SH, Hartinger, S, He, K, Heaviside, C, Hess, J, Hsu, S-C, Jankin, S, Jimenez, MP, Kelman, I, Kiesewetter, G, Kinney, PL, Kjellstrom, T, Kniveton, D, Lee, JKW, Lemke, B, Liu, Y, Liu, Z, Lott, M, Lowe, R, Martinez-Urtaza, J, Maslin, M, McAllister, L, McMichael, C, Mi, Z, Milner, J, Minor, K, Mohajeri, N, Moradi-Lakeh, M, Morrissey, K, Munzert, S, Murray, KA, Neville, T, Nilsson, M, Obradovich, N, Sewe, MO, Oreszczyn, T, Otto, M, Owfi, F, Pearman, O, Pencheon, D, Rabbaniha, M, Robinson, E, Rocklov, J, Salas, RN, Semenza, JC, Sherman, J, Shi, L, Springmann, M, Tabatabaei, M, Taylor, J, Trinanes, J, Shumake-Guillemot, J, Vu, B, Wagner, F, Wilkinson, P, Winning, M, Yglesias, M, Zhang, S, Gong, P, Montgomery, H, Costello, A, Hamilton, I, Romanello, M, McGushin, A, Di Napoli, C, Drummond, P, Hughes, N, Jamart, L, Kennard, H, Lampard, P, Rodriguez, BS, Arnell, N, Ayeb-Karlsson, S, Belesova, K, Cai, W, Campbell-Lendrum, D, Capstick, S, Chambers, J, Chu, L, Ciampi, L, Dalin, C, Dasandi, N, Dasgupta, S, Davies, M, Dominguez-Salas, P, Dubrow, R, Ebi, KL, Eckelman, M, Ekins, P, Escobar, LE, Georgeson, L, Grace, D, Graham, H, Gunther, SH, Hartinger, S, He, K, Heaviside, C, Hess, J, Hsu, S-C, Jankin, S, Jimenez, MP, Kelman, I, Kiesewetter, G, Kinney, PL, Kjellstrom, T, Kniveton, D, Lee, JKW, Lemke, B, Liu, Y, Liu, Z, Lott, M, Lowe, R, Martinez-Urtaza, J, Maslin, M, McAllister, L, McMichael, C, Mi, Z, Milner, J, Minor, K, Mohajeri, N, Moradi-Lakeh, M, Morrissey, K, Munzert, S, Murray, KA, Neville, T, Nilsson, M, Obradovich, N, Sewe, MO, Oreszczyn, T, Otto, M, Owfi, F, Pearman, O, Pencheon, D, Rabbaniha, M, Robinson, E, Rocklov, J, Salas, RN, Semenza, JC, Sherman, J, Shi, L, Springmann, M, Tabatabaei, M, Taylor, J, Trinanes, J, Shumake-Guillemot, J, Vu, B, Wagner, F, Wilkinson, P, Winning, M, Yglesias, M, Zhang, S, Gong, P, Montgomery, H, Costello, A, and Hamilton, I

Published
2021

12. The 2020 report of the Lancet Countdown on health and climate change: responding to converging crises

Author

Watts, N, Amann, M, Arnell, N, Ayeb-Karlsson, S, Beagley, J, Belesova, K, Boykoff, M, Byass, P, Cai, W, Campbell-Lendrum, D, Capstick, S, Chambers, J, Coleman, S, Dalin, C, Daly, M, Dasandi, N, Dasgupta, S, Davies, M, Di Napoli, C, Dominguez-Salas, P, Drummond, P, Dubrow, R, Ebi, KL, Eckelman, M, Ekins, P, Escobar, LE, Georgeson, L, Golder, S, Grace, D, Graham, H, Haggar, P, Hamilton, I, Hartinger, S, Hess, J, Hsu, S-C, Hughes, N, Mikhaylov, SJ, Jimenez, MP, Kelman, I, Kennard, H, Kiesewetter, G, Kinney, PL, Kjellstrom, T, Kniveton, D, Lampard, P, Lemke, B, Liu, Y, Liu, Z, Lott, M, Lowe, R, Martinez-Urtaza, J, Maslin, M, McAllister, L, McGushin, A, McMichael, C, Milner, J, Moradi-Lakeh, M, Morrissey, K, Munzert, S, Murray, KA, Neville, T, Nilsson, M, Sewe, MO, Oreszczyn, T, Otto, M, Owfi, F, Pearman, O, Pencheon, D, Quinn, R, Rabbaniha, M, Robinson, E, Rocklov, J, Romanello, M, Semenza, JC, Sherman, J, Shi, L, Springmann, M, Tabatabaei, M, Taylor, J, Trinanes, J, Shumake-Guillemot, J, Vu, B, Wilkinson, P, Winning, M, Gong, P, Montgomery, H, Costello, A, Watts, N, Amann, M, Arnell, N, Ayeb-Karlsson, S, Beagley, J, Belesova, K, Boykoff, M, Byass, P, Cai, W, Campbell-Lendrum, D, Capstick, S, Chambers, J, Coleman, S, Dalin, C, Daly, M, Dasandi, N, Dasgupta, S, Davies, M, Di Napoli, C, Dominguez-Salas, P, Drummond, P, Dubrow, R, Ebi, KL, Eckelman, M, Ekins, P, Escobar, LE, Georgeson, L, Golder, S, Grace, D, Graham, H, Haggar, P, Hamilton, I, Hartinger, S, Hess, J, Hsu, S-C, Hughes, N, Mikhaylov, SJ, Jimenez, MP, Kelman, I, Kennard, H, Kiesewetter, G, Kinney, PL, Kjellstrom, T, Kniveton, D, Lampard, P, Lemke, B, Liu, Y, Liu, Z, Lott, M, Lowe, R, Martinez-Urtaza, J, Maslin, M, McAllister, L, McGushin, A, McMichael, C, Milner, J, Moradi-Lakeh, M, Morrissey, K, Munzert, S, Murray, KA, Neville, T, Nilsson, M, Sewe, MO, Oreszczyn, T, Otto, M, Owfi, F, Pearman, O, Pencheon, D, Quinn, R, Rabbaniha, M, Robinson, E, Rocklov, J, Romanello, M, Semenza, JC, Sherman, J, Shi, L, Springmann, M, Tabatabaei, M, Taylor, J, Trinanes, J, Shumake-Guillemot, J, Vu, B, Wilkinson, P, Winning, M, Gong, P, Montgomery, H, and Costello, A

Abstract

For the Chinese, French, German, and Spanish translations of the abstract see Supplementary Materials section.

Published
2021

13. State of the Climate in 2018

Author

Arndt, D. S., Blunden, J., Dunn, R. J. H., Stanitski, D. M., Gobron, N., Willett, K. M., Sanchez-lugo, A., Berrisford, P., Morice, C., Nicolas, Jp, Carrea, L., Woolway, R. I., Merchant, C. J., Dokulil, M. T., De Eyto, E., Degasperi, C. L., Korhonen, J., Marszelewski, W., May, L., Paterson, A. M., Rusak, J. A., Schladow, S. G., Schmid, M., Verburg, P., Watanabe, S., Weyhenmeyer, G. A., King, A. D., Donat, M. G., Christy, J. R., Po-chedley, S., Mears, C. R., Haimberger, L., Covey, C., Randel, W., Noetzli, J., Biskaborn, B. K., Christiansen, H. H., Isaksen, K., Schoeneich, P., Smith, S., Vieira, G., Zhao, L., Streletskiy, D. A., Robinson, D. A., Pelto, M., Berry, D. I., Bosilovich, M. G., Simmons, A. J., Mears, C., Ho, S. P., Bock, O., Zhou, X., Nicolas, J, Vose, R. S., Adler, R., Gu, G., Becker, A., Yin, X, Tye, M. R., Blenkinsop, S., Durre, I., Ziese, M., Collow, A. B. Marquardt, Rustemeier, E., Foster, M. J., Di Girolamo, L., Frey, R. A., Heidinger, A. K., Sun-mack, S., Phillips, C., Menzel, W. P., Stengel, M., Zhao, G., Kim, H., Rodell, M., Li, B., Famiglietti, J. S., Scanlon, T., Van Der Schalie, R., Preimesberger, W., Reimer, C., Hahn, S., Gruber, A., Kidd, R., De Jeu, R. A. M., Dorigo, W. A., Barichivich, J., Osborn, T. J., Harris, I., Van Der Schrier, G., Jones, P. D., Miralles, D. G., Martens, B., Beck, H. E., Dolman, A. J., Jimenez, C., Mccabe, M. F., Wood, E. F., Allan, R., Azorin-molina, C., Mears, C. A., Mcvicar, T. R., Mayer, M., Schenzinger, V., Hersbach, H., Stackhouse, P. W., Jr., Wong, T., Kratz, D. P., Sawaengphokhai, P., Wilber, A. C., Gupta, S. K., Loeb, N. G., Dlugokencky, E. J., Hall, B. D., Montzka, S. A., Dutton, G., Muhle, J., Elkins, J. W., Miller, Br, Remy, S., Bellouin, N., Kipling, Z., Ades, M., Benedetti, A., Boucher, O., Weber, M., Steinbrecht, W., Arosio, C., Van Der A, R., Frith, S. M., Anderson, J., Coldewey-egbers, M., Davis, S., Degenstein, D., Fioletov, V. E., Froidevaux, L., Hubert, D., Long, C. S., Loyola, D., Rozanov, A., Roth, C., Sofieva, V., Tourpali, K., Wang, R., Wild, J. D., Davis, S. M., Rosenlof, K. H., Hurst, D. F., Selkirk, H. B., Vomel, H., Ziemke, J. R., Cooper, O. R., Flemming, J., Inness, A., Pinty, B., Kaiser, J. W., Van Der Werf, G. R., Hemming, D. L., Garforth, J., Park, T., Richardson, A. D., Rutishauser, T., Sparks, T. H., Thackeray, S. J., Myneni, R., Lumpkin, R., Huang, B., Kennedy, J., Xue, Y., Zhang, H. -m., Hu, C., Wang, M., Johnson, G. C., Lyman, J. M., Boyer, T., Cheng, L., Domingues, C. M., Gilson, J., Ishii, M., Killick, R. E., Monselesan, D., Purkey, S. G., Wijffels, S. E., Locarnini, R., Yu, L., Jin, X., Stackhouse, P. W., Kato, S., Weller, R. A., Thompson, P. R., Widlansky, M. J., Leuliette, E., Sweet, W., Chambers, D. P., Hamlington, B. D., Jevrejeva, S., Marra, J. J., Merrifield, M. A., Mitchum, G. T., Nerem, R. S., Kelble, C., Karnauskas, M., Hubbard, K., Goni, G., Streeter, C., Dohan, K., Franz, B. A., Cetinic, I., Karakoylu, E. M., Siegel, D. A., Westberry, T. K., Feely, R. A., Wanninkhof, R., Carter, B. R., Landschutzer, P., Sutton, A. J., Cosca, C., Trinanes, J. A., Baxter, S., Schreck, C., Bell, G. D., Mullan, A. B., Pezza, A. B., Coelho, C. A. S., Wang, B., He, Q., Diamond, H. J., Schreck, C. J., Blake, E. S., Landsea, C. W., Wang, H., Goldenberg, S. B., Pasch, R. J., Klotzbach, P. J., Kruk, M. C., Camargo, S. J., Trewin, B. C., Pearce, P. R., Lorrey, A. M., Domingues, R., Goni, G. J., Knaff, J. A., Lin, I. -i., Bringas, F., Richter-menge, J., Osborne, E., Druckenmiller, M., Jeffries, M. O., Overland, J. E., Hanna, E., Hanssen-bauer, I., Kim, S. -j., Walsh, J. E., Bhatt, U. S., Timmermans, M. -l., Ladd, C., Perovich, D., Meier, W., Tschudi, M., Farrell, S., Hendricks, S., Gerland, S., Haas, C., Krumpen, T., Polashenski, C., Ricker, R, Webster, M., Stabeno, P. J., Tedesco, M., Box, J. E., Cappelen, J., Fausto, R. S., Fettweis, X., Andersen, J. K., Mote, T., Smeets, C. J. P. P., Van As, D., Van De Wal, R. S. W., Romanovsky, V. E., Smith, S. L., Shiklomanov, N. I., Kholodov, A. L., Drozdov, D. S., Malkova, G. V., Marchenko, S. S., Jella, K. B., Mudryk, L., Brown, R., Derksen, C., Luojus, K., Decharme, B., Holmes, R. M., Shiklomanov, A. I., Suslova, A., Tretiakov, M., Mcclelland, J. W., Spencer, R. G. M., Tank, S. E., Epstein, H., Bhatt, U., Raynolds, M., Walker, D., Forbes, B., Phoenix, G., Bjerke, J., Tommervik, H., Karlsen, S. -r., Goetz, S., Jia, G., Bernhard, G. H., Grooss, J. -u., Ialongo, I., Johnsen, B., Lakkala, K., Manney, G. L., Mueller, R., Scambos, T., Stammerjohn, S., Clem, K. R., Barreira, S., Fogt, R. L., Colwell, S., Keller, L. M., Lazzara, M. A., Reid, P., Massom, R. A., Lieser, J. L., Meijers, A., Sallee, J. -b., Grey, A., Johnson, K., Arrigo, K., Swart, S., King, B., Meredith, M., Mazloff, M., Scardilli, A., Claus, F., Shuman, C. A., Kramarova, N., Newman, P. A., Nash, E. R., Strahan, S. E., Johnson, B., Pitts, M., Santee, M. L., Petropavlovskikh, I., Braathen, G. O., Coy, L., De Laat, J., Bissolli, P., Ganter, C., Li, T., Mekonnen, A., Gleason, K., Smith, A., Fenimore, C., Heim, R. R., Jr., Nauslar, N. J., Brown, T. J., Mcevoy, D. J., Lareau, N. P., Amador, J. A., Hidalgo, H. G., Alfaro, E. J., Calderon, B., Mora, N., Stephenson, T. S., Taylor, M. A., Trotman, A. R., Van Meerbeeck, C. J., Campbell, J. D., Brown, A., Spence, J., Martinez, R., Diaz, E., Marin, D., Hernandez, R., Caceres, L., Zambrano, E., Nieto, J., Marengo, J. A., Espinoza, J. C., Alves, L. M., Ronchail, J., Lavado-casimiro, J. W., Ramos, I., Davila, C., Ramos, A. M., Diniz, F. A., Aliaga-nestares, V., Castro, A. Y., Stella, J. L., Aldeco, L. S., Diaz, D. A. Campos, Misevicius, N., Kabidi, K., Sayouri, A., Elkharrim, M., Mostafa, A. E., Hagos, S., Feng, Z., Ijampy, J. A., Sima, F., Francis, S. D., Tsidu, G. Mengistu, Kruger, A. C., Mcbride, C., Jumaux, G., Dhurmea, K. R., Belmont, M., Rakotoarimalala, C. L., Labbe, L., Rosner, B., Benedict, I., Van Heerwaarden, C., Weerts, A., Hazeleger, W., Trachte, K., Zhu, Z., Zhang, P., Lee, T. C., Ripaldi, A., Mochizuki, Y., Lim, J. -y, Oyunjargal, L., Timbal, B., Srivastava, A. K., Revadekar, J. V., Rajeevan, M., Shimpo, A., Khoshkam, M., Kazemi, A. Fazl, Zeyaeyan, S., Lander, M. A., Mcgree, S., Tobin, S., Bettio, L., Arndt, D. S., Blunden, J., Dunn, R. J. H., Stanitski, D. M., Gobron, N., Willett, K. M., Sanchez-lugo, A., Berrisford, P., Morice, C., Nicolas, Jp, Carrea, L., Woolway, R. I., Merchant, C. J., Dokulil, M. T., De Eyto, E., Degasperi, C. L., Korhonen, J., Marszelewski, W., May, L., Paterson, A. M., Rusak, J. A., Schladow, S. G., Schmid, M., Verburg, P., Watanabe, S., Weyhenmeyer, G. A., King, A. D., Donat, M. G., Christy, J. R., Po-chedley, S., Mears, C. R., Haimberger, L., Covey, C., Randel, W., Noetzli, J., Biskaborn, B. K., Christiansen, H. H., Isaksen, K., Schoeneich, P., Smith, S., Vieira, G., Zhao, L., Streletskiy, D. A., Robinson, D. A., Pelto, M., Berry, D. I., Bosilovich, M. G., Simmons, A. J., Mears, C., Ho, S. P., Bock, O., Zhou, X., Nicolas, J, Vose, R. S., Adler, R., Gu, G., Becker, A., Yin, X, Tye, M. R., Blenkinsop, S., Durre, I., Ziese, M., Collow, A. B. Marquardt, Rustemeier, E., Foster, M. J., Di Girolamo, L., Frey, R. A., Heidinger, A. K., Sun-mack, S., Phillips, C., Menzel, W. P., Stengel, M., Zhao, G., Kim, H., Rodell, M., Li, B., Famiglietti, J. S., Scanlon, T., Van Der Schalie, R., Preimesberger, W., Reimer, C., Hahn, S., Gruber, A., Kidd, R., De Jeu, R. A. M., Dorigo, W. A., Barichivich, J., Osborn, T. J., Harris, I., Van Der Schrier, G., Jones, P. D., Miralles, D. G., Martens, B., Beck, H. E., Dolman, A. J., Jimenez, C., Mccabe, M. F., Wood, E. F., Allan, R., Azorin-molina, C., Mears, C. A., Mcvicar, T. R., Mayer, M., Schenzinger, V., Hersbach, H., Stackhouse, P. W., Jr., Wong, T., Kratz, D. P., Sawaengphokhai, P., Wilber, A. C., Gupta, S. K., Loeb, N. G., Dlugokencky, E. J., Hall, B. D., Montzka, S. A., Dutton, G., Muhle, J., Elkins, J. W., Miller, Br, Remy, S., Bellouin, N., Kipling, Z., Ades, M., Benedetti, A., Boucher, O., Weber, M., Steinbrecht, W., Arosio, C., Van Der A, R., Frith, S. M., Anderson, J., Coldewey-egbers, M., Davis, S., Degenstein, D., Fioletov, V. E., Froidevaux, L., Hubert, D., Long, C. S., Loyola, D., Rozanov, A., Roth, C., Sofieva, V., Tourpali, K., Wang, R., Wild, J. D., Davis, S. M., Rosenlof, K. H., Hurst, D. F., Selkirk, H. B., Vomel, H., Ziemke, J. R., Cooper, O. R., Flemming, J., Inness, A., Pinty, B., Kaiser, J. W., Van Der Werf, G. R., Hemming, D. L., Garforth, J., Park, T., Richardson, A. D., Rutishauser, T., Sparks, T. H., Thackeray, S. J., Myneni, R., Lumpkin, R., Huang, B., Kennedy, J., Xue, Y., Zhang, H. -m., Hu, C., Wang, M., Johnson, G. C., Lyman, J. M., Boyer, T., Cheng, L., Domingues, C. M., Gilson, J., Ishii, M., Killick, R. E., Monselesan, D., Purkey, S. G., Wijffels, S. E., Locarnini, R., Yu, L., Jin, X., Stackhouse, P. W., Kato, S., Weller, R. A., Thompson, P. R., Widlansky, M. J., Leuliette, E., Sweet, W., Chambers, D. P., Hamlington, B. D., Jevrejeva, S., Marra, J. J., Merrifield, M. A., Mitchum, G. T., Nerem, R. S., Kelble, C., Karnauskas, M., Hubbard, K., Goni, G., Streeter, C., Dohan, K., Franz, B. A., Cetinic, I., Karakoylu, E. M., Siegel, D. A., Westberry, T. K., Feely, R. A., Wanninkhof, R., Carter, B. R., Landschutzer, P., Sutton, A. J., Cosca, C., Trinanes, J. A., Baxter, S., Schreck, C., Bell, G. D., Mullan, A. B., Pezza, A. B., Coelho, C. A. S., Wang, B., He, Q., Diamond, H. J., Schreck, C. J., Blake, E. S., Landsea, C. W., Wang, H., Goldenberg, S. B., Pasch, R. J., Klotzbach, P. J., Kruk, M. C., Camargo, S. J., Trewin, B. C., Pearce, P. R., Lorrey, A. M., Domingues, R., Goni, G. J., Knaff, J. A., Lin, I. -i., Bringas, F., Richter-menge, J., Osborne, E., Druckenmiller, M., Jeffries, M. O., Overland, J. E., Hanna, E., Hanssen-bauer, I., Kim, S. -j., Walsh, J. E., Bhatt, U. S., Timmermans, M. -l., Ladd, C., Perovich, D., Meier, W., Tschudi, M., Farrell, S., Hendricks, S., Gerland, S., Haas, C., Krumpen, T., Polashenski, C., Ricker, R, Webster, M., Stabeno, P. J., Tedesco, M., Box, J. E., Cappelen, J., Fausto, R. S., Fettweis, X., Andersen, J. K., Mote, T., Smeets, C. J. P. P., Van As, D., Van De Wal, R. S. W., Romanovsky, V. E., Smith, S. L., Shiklomanov, N. I., Kholodov, A. L., Drozdov, D. S., Malkova, G. V., Marchenko, S. S., Jella, K. B., Mudryk, L., Brown, R., Derksen, C., Luojus, K., Decharme, B., Holmes, R. M., Shiklomanov, A. I., Suslova, A., Tretiakov, M., Mcclelland, J. W., Spencer, R. G. M., Tank, S. E., Epstein, H., Bhatt, U., Raynolds, M., Walker, D., Forbes, B., Phoenix, G., Bjerke, J., Tommervik, H., Karlsen, S. -r., Goetz, S., Jia, G., Bernhard, G. H., Grooss, J. -u., Ialongo, I., Johnsen, B., Lakkala, K., Manney, G. L., Mueller, R., Scambos, T., Stammerjohn, S., Clem, K. R., Barreira, S., Fogt, R. L., Colwell, S., Keller, L. M., Lazzara, M. A., Reid, P., Massom, R. A., Lieser, J. L., Meijers, A., Sallee, J. -b., Grey, A., Johnson, K., Arrigo, K., Swart, S., King, B., Meredith, M., Mazloff, M., Scardilli, A., Claus, F., Shuman, C. A., Kramarova, N., Newman, P. A., Nash, E. R., Strahan, S. E., Johnson, B., Pitts, M., Santee, M. L., Petropavlovskikh, I., Braathen, G. O., Coy, L., De Laat, J., Bissolli, P., Ganter, C., Li, T., Mekonnen, A., Gleason, K., Smith, A., Fenimore, C., Heim, R. R., Jr., Nauslar, N. J., Brown, T. J., Mcevoy, D. J., Lareau, N. P., Amador, J. A., Hidalgo, H. G., Alfaro, E. J., Calderon, B., Mora, N., Stephenson, T. S., Taylor, M. A., Trotman, A. R., Van Meerbeeck, C. J., Campbell, J. D., Brown, A., Spence, J., Martinez, R., Diaz, E., Marin, D., Hernandez, R., Caceres, L., Zambrano, E., Nieto, J., Marengo, J. A., Espinoza, J. C., Alves, L. M., Ronchail, J., Lavado-casimiro, J. W., Ramos, I., Davila, C., Ramos, A. M., Diniz, F. A., Aliaga-nestares, V., Castro, A. Y., Stella, J. L., Aldeco, L. S., Diaz, D. A. Campos, Misevicius, N., Kabidi, K., Sayouri, A., Elkharrim, M., Mostafa, A. E., Hagos, S., Feng, Z., Ijampy, J. A., Sima, F., Francis, S. D., Tsidu, G. Mengistu, Kruger, A. C., Mcbride, C., Jumaux, G., Dhurmea, K. R., Belmont, M., Rakotoarimalala, C. L., Labbe, L., Rosner, B., Benedict, I., Van Heerwaarden, C., Weerts, A., Hazeleger, W., Trachte, K., Zhu, Z., Zhang, P., Lee, T. C., Ripaldi, A., Mochizuki, Y., Lim, J. -y, Oyunjargal, L., Timbal, B., Srivastava, A. K., Revadekar, J. V., Rajeevan, M., Shimpo, A., Khoshkam, M., Kazemi, A. Fazl, Zeyaeyan, S., Lander, M. A., Mcgree, S., Tobin, S., and Bettio, L.

Published
2019

14. Toward a coordinated global observing system for seagrasses and marine macroalgae

Author

Duffy, J.E., Benedetti-Cecchi, L., Trinanes, J., Muller-Karger, F.E., Ambo-Rappe, R., Boström, C., Buschmann, A.H., Byrnes, J., Coles, R.G., Creed, J., Cullen-Unsworth, L.C., Diaz-Pulido, G., Duarte, C.M., Edgar, G.J., Fortes, M., Goni, G., Hu, C., Huang, X., Hurd, C.L., Johnson, C., Konar, B., Krause-Jensen, D., Krumhansl, K., Macreadie, P., Marsh, H., McKenzie, L.J., Mieszkowska, N., Miloslavich, P., Montes, E., Nakaoka, M., Norderhaug, K.M., Norlund, L.M., Orth, R.J., Prathep, A., Putman, N.F., Samper-Villarreal, J., Serrao, E.A., Short, F., Pinto, I.S., Steinberg, P., Stuart-Smith, R., Unsworth, R.K.F., van Keulen, M., van Tussenbroek, B.I., Wang, M., Waycott, M., Weatherdon, L.V., Wernberg, T., Yaakub, S.M., Duffy, J.E., Benedetti-Cecchi, L., Trinanes, J., Muller-Karger, F.E., Ambo-Rappe, R., Boström, C., Buschmann, A.H., Byrnes, J., Coles, R.G., Creed, J., Cullen-Unsworth, L.C., Diaz-Pulido, G., Duarte, C.M., Edgar, G.J., Fortes, M., Goni, G., Hu, C., Huang, X., Hurd, C.L., Johnson, C., Konar, B., Krause-Jensen, D., Krumhansl, K., Macreadie, P., Marsh, H., McKenzie, L.J., Mieszkowska, N., Miloslavich, P., Montes, E., Nakaoka, M., Norderhaug, K.M., Norlund, L.M., Orth, R.J., Prathep, A., Putman, N.F., Samper-Villarreal, J., Serrao, E.A., Short, F., Pinto, I.S., Steinberg, P., Stuart-Smith, R., Unsworth, R.K.F., van Keulen, M., van Tussenbroek, B.I., Wang, M., Waycott, M., Weatherdon, L.V., Wernberg, T., and Yaakub, S.M.

Abstract

In coastal waters around the world, the dominant primary producers are benthic macrophytes, including seagrasses and macroalgae, that provide habitat structure and food for diverse and abundant biological communities and drive ecosystem processes. Seagrass meadows and macroalgal forests play key roles for coastal societies, contributing to fishery yields, storm protection, biogeochemical cycling and storage, and important cultural values. These socio-economically valuable services are threatened worldwide by human activities, with substantial areas of seagrass and macroalgal forests lost over the last half-century. Tracking the status and trends in marine macrophyte cover and quality is an emerging priority for ocean and coastal management, but doing so has been challenged by limited coordination across the numerous efforts to monitor macrophytes, which vary widely in goals, methodologies, scales, capacity, governance approaches, and data availability. Here, we present a consensus assessment and recommendations on the current state of and opportunities for advancing global marine macrophyte observations, integrating contributions from a community of researchers with broad geographic and disciplinary expertise. With the increasing scale of human impacts, the time is ripe to harmonize marine macrophyte observations by building on existing networks and identifying a core set of common metrics and approaches in sampling design, field measurements, governance, capacity building, and data management. We recommend a tiered observation system, with improvement of remote sensing and remote underwater imaging to expand capacity to capture broad-scale extent at intervals of several years, coordinated with stratified in situ sampling annually to characterize the key variables of cover and taxonomic or functional group composition, and to provide ground-truth. A robust networked system of macrophyte observations will be facilitated by establishing best practices, including stand

Published
2019

15. The 2019 report of The Lancet Countdown on health and climate change: ensuring that the health of a child born today is not defined by a changing climate

Author

Watts, N., Amann, M., Arnell, N., Ayeb-Karlsson, S., Belesova, K., Boykoff, M., Byass, P., Cai, W., Campbell-Lendrum, D., Capstick, S., Chambers, J., Dalin, C., Daly, M., Dasandi, N., Davies, M., Drummond, P., Dubrow, R., Ebi, K., Eckelman, M., Ekins, P., Escobar, L., Fernandez Montoya, L., Georgeson, L., Graham, H., Haggar, P., Hamilton, I., Hartinger, S., Hess, J., Kelman, I., Kiesewetter, G., Kjellstrom, T., Kniveton, D., Lemke, B., Liu, Y., Lott, M., Lowe, R., Sewe, M.O., Martinez-Urtaza, J., Maslin, M., McAllister, L., McGushin, A., Jankin Mikhaylov, S., Milner, J., Moradi-Lakeh, M., Morrissey, K., Murray, K., Munzert, S., Nilsson, M., Neville, T., Oreszczyn, T., Owfi, F., Pearman, O., Pencheon, D., Phung, D., Pye, S., Quinn, R., Rabbaniha, M., Robinson, E., Rocklöv, J., Semenza, J., Sherman, J., Shumake-Guillemot, J., Tabatabaei, M., Taylor, J., Trinanes, J., Wilkinson, P., Costello, A., Gong, P., Montgomery, H., Watts, N., Amann, M., Arnell, N., Ayeb-Karlsson, S., Belesova, K., Boykoff, M., Byass, P., Cai, W., Campbell-Lendrum, D., Capstick, S., Chambers, J., Dalin, C., Daly, M., Dasandi, N., Davies, M., Drummond, P., Dubrow, R., Ebi, K., Eckelman, M., Ekins, P., Escobar, L., Fernandez Montoya, L., Georgeson, L., Graham, H., Haggar, P., Hamilton, I., Hartinger, S., Hess, J., Kelman, I., Kiesewetter, G., Kjellstrom, T., Kniveton, D., Lemke, B., Liu, Y., Lott, M., Lowe, R., Sewe, M.O., Martinez-Urtaza, J., Maslin, M., McAllister, L., McGushin, A., Jankin Mikhaylov, S., Milner, J., Moradi-Lakeh, M., Morrissey, K., Murray, K., Munzert, S., Nilsson, M., Neville, T., Oreszczyn, T., Owfi, F., Pearman, O., Pencheon, D., Phung, D., Pye, S., Quinn, R., Rabbaniha, M., Robinson, E., Rocklöv, J., Semenza, J., Sherman, J., Shumake-Guillemot, J., Tabatabaei, M., Taylor, J., Trinanes, J., Wilkinson, P., Costello, A., Gong, P., and Montgomery, H.

Abstract

The Lancet Countdown is an international, multidisciplinary collaboration, dedicated to monitoring the evolving health profile of climate change, and providing an independent assessment of the delivery of commitments made by governments worldwide under the Paris Agreement. The 2019 report presents an annual update of 41 indicators across five key domains: climate change impacts, exposures, and vulnerability; adaptation, planning, and resilience for health; mitigation actions and health co-benefits; economics and finance; and public and political engagement. The report represents the findings and consensus of 35 leading academic institutions and UN agencies from every continent. Each year, the methods and data that underpin the Lancet Countdown’s indicators are further developed and improved, with updates described at each stage of this report. The collaboration draws on the world-class expertise of climate scientists; ecologists; mathematicians; engineers; energy, food, and transport experts; economists; social and political scientists; public health professionals; and doctors, to generate the quality and diversity of data required.

Published
2019

16. The 2018 report of the Lancet Countdown on health and climate change: shaping the health of nations for centuries to come

Author

Watts, N., Amann, M., Arnell, N., Ayeb-Karlsson, S., Belesova, K., Berry, H., Bouley, T., Boykoff, M., Byass, P., Cai, W., Campbell-Lendrum, D., Chambers, J., Daly, M., Dasandi, N., Davies, M., Depoux, A., Dominguez-Salas, P., Drummond, P., Ebi, K., Ekins, P., Montoya, L.F., Fischer, H., Georgeson, L., Grace, D., Graham, H., Hamilton, I., Hartinger, S., Hess, J., Kelman, I., Kiesewetter, G., Kjellstrom, T., Kniveton, D., Lemke, B., Liang, L., Lott, M., Lowe, R., Sewe, M.O., Martinez-Urtaza, J., Maslin, M., McAllister, L., Mikhaylov, S.J., Milner, J., Moradi-Lakeh, M., Morrissey, K., Murray, K., Nilsson, M., Neville, T., Oreszczyn, T., Owfi, F., Pearman, O., Pencheon, D., Pye, S., Rabbaniha, M., Robinson, E., Rocklöv, J., Saxer, O., Schütte, S., Semenza, J., Shumake-Guillemot, J., Steinbach, R., Tabatabaei, M., Tomei, J., Trinanes, J., Wheeler, N., Wilkinson, P., Gong, P., Montgomery, H., Costello, A., Watts, N., Amann, M., Arnell, N., Ayeb-Karlsson, S., Belesova, K., Berry, H., Bouley, T., Boykoff, M., Byass, P., Cai, W., Campbell-Lendrum, D., Chambers, J., Daly, M., Dasandi, N., Davies, M., Depoux, A., Dominguez-Salas, P., Drummond, P., Ebi, K., Ekins, P., Montoya, L.F., Fischer, H., Georgeson, L., Grace, D., Graham, H., Hamilton, I., Hartinger, S., Hess, J., Kelman, I., Kiesewetter, G., Kjellstrom, T., Kniveton, D., Lemke, B., Liang, L., Lott, M., Lowe, R., Sewe, M.O., Martinez-Urtaza, J., Maslin, M., McAllister, L., Mikhaylov, S.J., Milner, J., Moradi-Lakeh, M., Morrissey, K., Murray, K., Nilsson, M., Neville, T., Oreszczyn, T., Owfi, F., Pearman, O., Pencheon, D., Pye, S., Rabbaniha, M., Robinson, E., Rocklöv, J., Saxer, O., Schütte, S., Semenza, J., Shumake-Guillemot, J., Steinbach, R., Tabatabaei, M., Tomei, J., Trinanes, J., Wheeler, N., Wilkinson, P., Gong, P., Montgomery, H., and Costello, A.

Abstract

The Lancet Countdown: tracking progress on health and climate change was established to provide an independent, global monitoring system dedicated to tracking the health dimensions of the impacts of, and the response to, climate change. The Lancet Countdown tracks 41 indicators across five domains: climate change impacts, exposures, and vulnerability; adaptation, planning, and resilience for health; mitigation actions and health co-benefits; finance and economics; and public and political engagement.

Published
2018

17. The impact of changing wind speeds on gas transfer and its effect on global air-sea CO2 fluxes

Author

Wanninkhof, R., Trinanes, J., Wanninkhof, R., and Trinanes, J.

Abstract

An increase in global wind speeds over time is affecting the global uptake of CO2 by the ocean. We determine the impact of changing winds on gas transfer and CO2 uptake by using the recently updated, global high-resolution, cross-calibrated multiplatform wind product (CCMP-V2) and a fixed monthly pCO(2) climatology. In particular, we assess global changes in the context of regional wind speed changes that are attributed to large-scale climate reorganizations. The impact of wind on global CO2 gas fluxes as determined by the bulk formula is dependent on several factors, including the functionality of the gas exchange-wind speed relationship and the regional and seasonal differences in the air-water partial pressure of CO2 gradient (pCO(2)). The latter also controls the direction of the flux. Fluxes out of the ocean are influenced more by changes in the low-to-intermediate wind speed range, while ingassing is impacted more by changes in higher winds because of the regional correlations between wind and pCO(2). Gas exchange-wind speed parameterizations with a quadratic and third-order polynomial dependency on wind, each of which meets global constraints, are compared. The changes in air-sea CO2 fluxes resulting from wind speed trends are greatest in the equatorial Pacific and cause a 0.03-0.04PgCdecade(-1) increase in outgassing over the 27year time span. This leads to a small overall decrease of 0.00 to 0.02PgCdecade(-1) in global net CO2 uptake, contrary to expectations that increasing winds increase net CO2 uptake. Plain Language Summary The effects of changing winds are isolated from the total change in trends in global air-sea CO2 fluxes over the last 27years. The overall effect of increasing winds over time has a smaller impact than expected as the impact in regions of outgassing is greater than for the regions acting as a CO2 sink.

Published
2017
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19. Drifter Motion in the Gulf of Mexico Constrained by Altimetric Lagrangian Coherent Structures

Author

NAVAL RESEARCH LAB STENNIS DETACHMENT STENNIS SPACE CENTER MS, Olascoaga, M J, Beron-Vera, F J, Haller, G, Trinanes, J, Iskandarani, M, Coelho, E F, Haus, B K, Huntley, H S, Jacobs, G, Kirwan, Jr, A D, NAVAL RESEARCH LAB STENNIS DETACHMENT STENNIS SPACE CENTER MS, Olascoaga, M J, Beron-Vera, F J, Haller, G, Trinanes, J, Iskandarani, M, Coelho, E F, Haus, B K, Huntley, H S, Jacobs, G, and Kirwan, Jr, A D

Abstract

Application of recent geometric tools for Lagrangian coherent structures (LCS) shows that material attraction in geostrophic velocities derived from altimetry data imposed an important constraint to the motion of drifters from the Grand Lagrangian Deployment (GLAD) in the Gulf of Mexico. This material attraction is largely transparent to traditional Eulerian analysis. Attracting LCS acted as approximate centerpieces for mesoscale patterns formed by the drifters. Persistently attracting LCS cores emerged 1 week before the development of a filament resembling the tiger tail of the Deepwater Horizon oil slick, thereby anticipating its formation. Our results suggest that the mesoscale circulation plays a significant role in shaping near-surface transport in the Gulf of Mexico., Published in Geophysical Research Letters, v40 p6171-6175, 9 Dec 2013. Additonal ONR grant N00014-11-1-0087.

Published
2013

20. More Than 50 Years of Successful Continuous Temperature Section Measurements by the Global Expendable Bathythermograph Network, Its Integrability, Societal Benefits, and Future

Author

Gustavo J. Goni, Janet Sprintall, Francis Bringas, Lijing Cheng, Mauro Cirano, Shenfu Dong, Ricardo Domingues, Marlos Goes, Hosmay Lopez, Rosemary Morrow, Ulises Rivero, Thomas Rossby, Robert E. Todd, Joaquin Trinanes, Nathalie Zilberman, Molly Baringer, Tim Boyer, Rebecca Cowley, Catia M. Domingues, Katherine Hutchinson, Martin Kramp, Mauricio M. Mata, Franco Reseghetti, Charles Sun, Udaya Bhaskar TVS, Denis Volkov, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Scripps Institution of Oceanography (SIO), University of California [San Diego] (UC San Diego), University of California-University of California, Institute of Atmospheric Physics [Beijing] (IAP), Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS), Instituto de Matemática da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (IM / UFRJ), Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Océan du Large et Variabilité Climatique (OLVAC), Laboratoire d'études en Géophysique et océanographie spatiales (LEGOS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI), Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies and Centre for Marine Socioecology, University of Tasmania [Hobart, Australia] (UTAS), Nucleus for European Modeling of the Ocean (NEMO R&D ), Laboratoire d'Océanographie et du Climat : Expérimentations et Approches Numériques (LOCEAN), Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Department of Oceanography [Cape Town], University of Cape Town, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Departamento de Electrónica e Computación, Goni, G. J., Sprintall, J., Bringas, F., Cheng, L., Cirano, M., Dong, S., Domingues, R., Goes, M., Lopez, H., Morrow, R., Rivero, U., Rossby, T., Todd, R. E., Trinanes, J., Zilberman, N., Baringer, M., Boyer, T., Cowley, R., Domingues, C. M., Hutchinson, K., Kramp, M., Mata, M. M., Reseghetti, F., Sun, C., Tvs, U. B., Volkov, D., Scripps Institution of Oceanography (SIO - UC San Diego), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Subsurface current, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, lcsh:QH1-199.5, Subsurface currents, Ocean Engineering, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-GEO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph], Aquatic Science, lcsh:General. Including nature conservation, geographical distribution, Oceanography, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Expendable bathythermograph, Sea level, 14. Life underwater, lcsh:Science, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Water Science and Technology, Global and Planetary Change, Expendable bathythermographs, Extreme weather, Surface currents, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Ocean current, Mode (statistics), Boundary current, Current (stream), Ocean heat content, 13. Climate action, Climatology, Environmental science, lcsh:Q, Meridional heat transport, Bathythermograph
Abstract

The first eXpendable BathyThermographs (XBTs) were deployed in the 1960s in the North Atlantic Ocean. In 1967 XBTs were deployed in operational mode to provide a continuous record of temperature profile data along repeated transects, now known as the Global XBT Network. The current network is designed to monitor ocean circulation and boundary current variability, basin-wide and trans-basin ocean heat transport, and global and regional heat content. The ability of the XBT Network to systematically map the upper ocean thermal field in multiple basins with repeated trans-basin sections at eddy-resolving scales remains unmatched today and cannot be reproduced at present by any other observing platform. Some repeated XBT transects have now been continuously occupied for more than 30 years, providing an unprecedented long-term climate record of temperature, and geostrophic velocity profiles that are used to understand variability in ocean heat content (OHC), sea level change, and meridional ocean heat transport. Here, we present key scientific advances in understanding the changing ocean and climate system supported by XBT observations. Improvement in XBT data quality and its impact on computations, particularly of OHC, are presented. Technology development for probes, launchers, and transmission techniques are also discussed. Finally, we offer new perspectives for the future of the Global XBT Network GG, FB, SD, UR, MB, RD, and DV were supported by a grant from the NOAA/Ocean Observing and Monitoring Division (OOMD) and by NOAA's Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory (AOML). The participation of JS and NZ in this study was supported by NOAA's Global Ocean Monitoring and Observing Program through Award NA15OAR4320071 and NSF Award 1542902. CD was funded by the Australian Research Council (FT130101532 and DP160103130); the Scientific Committee on Oceanic Research (SCOR) Working Group 148, funded by national SCOR committees and a grant to SCOR from the U.S. National Science Foundation (Grant OCE-1546580); and the Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission of UNESCO/International Oceanographic Data and Information Exchange (IOC/IODE) IQuOD Steering Group. LC was supported by 2016YFC1401800 SI

Published
2019
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21. Stemming the rising tide of Vibrio disease.

Author

Baker-Austin C, Lake I, Archer E, Hartnell R, Trinanes J, and Martinez-Urtaza J

Subjects
Humans, Seafood microbiology, Seawater microbiology, Global Health, Vibrio Infections epidemiology, Vibrio, Climate Change
Abstract

Globally, the diverse bacterial genus Vibrio is the most important group of bacterial pathogens found in marine and coastal waters. These bacteria can cause an array of human infections via direct exposure to seawater or through the consumption of seafoods grown and cultivated in coastal and estuarine settings. Crucially, we appear to be on the cusp of an alarming global increase in Vibrio disease. A worldwide increase in seafood consumption, the globalisation of the seafood trade, the more frequent use of coastal waters for recreational activities, and climate change all contribute to greatly increased human health risks associated with Vibrio bacteria. Coupled with a population that is increasingly susceptible to more serious infections, we are likely to see a marked increase in both reported cases and fatalities in the near future. In this Personal View, we discuss and frame this important and emerging public health issue, and provide various contemporary case studies to illustrate how the risk profiles of pathogenic Vibrio bacteria have transformed in the past two decades-particularly in response to changing climatological and meteorological drivers such as marine coastal warming and extreme weather events such as heatwaves and storms. We share various approaches to help better understand and manage risks associated with these bacteria, ranging from risk mitigation strategies to enhanced epidemiological monitoring and surveillance approaches., Competing Interests: Declaration of interests We declare no competing interests., (Copyright © 2024 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an Open Access article under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 license. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.)

Published
2024
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22. A new generation of real-time environmental monitoring systems to study the impact of El Niño on disease dynamics.

Author

Gavilan RG, Caro-Castro J, and Trinanes J

Subjects
Humans, Weather, Environmental Monitoring, El Nino-Southern Oscillation, Communicable Diseases
Abstract

Global warming is drastically altering weather patterns, accentuating the frequency and strength of global events such as the El Niño Southern Oscillation. This alteration is driving the spread of diseases sensitive to climate such as diarrheal diseases. Environmental monitoring through remote sensing, in combination with data from epidemiological surveillance programs, is facilitating the study of infectious disease dynamics associated with El Niño. This integrative approach can inform the development of strategies for mitigating the impact of these diseases on public health. Here, we discuss some of the achievements of this approach in the management, control, and prevention of infectious diseases linked to El Niño., (Copyright © 2023 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

Published
2023
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23. Climate warming and increasing Vibrio vulnificus infections in North America.

Author

Archer EJ, Baker-Austin C, Osborn TJ, Jones NR, Martínez-Urtaza J, Trinanes J, Oliver JD, González FJC, and Lake IR

Subjects
Humans, Aged, North America, Vibrio vulnificus, Vibrio Infections epidemiology, Wound Infection
Abstract

Vibrio vulnificus is an opportunistic bacterial pathogen, occurring in warm low-salinity waters. V. vulnificus wound infections due to seawater exposure are infrequent but mortality rates are high (~ 18%). Seawater bacterial concentrations are increasing but changing disease pattern assessments or climate change projections are rare. Here, using a 30-year database of V. vulnificus cases for the Eastern USA, changing disease distribution was assessed. An ecological niche model was developed, trained and validated to identify links to oceanographic and climate data. This model was used to predict future disease distribution using data simulated by seven Global Climate Models (GCMs) which belong to the newest Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP6). Risk was estimated by calculating the total population within 200 km of the disease distribution. Predictions were generated for different "pathways" of global socioeconomic development which incorporate projections of greenhouse gas emissions and demographic change. In Eastern USA between 1988 and 2018, V. vulnificus wound infections increased eightfold (10-80 cases p.a.) and the northern case limit shifted northwards 48 km p.a. By 2041-2060, V. vulnificus infections may expand their current range to encompass major population centres around New York (40.7°N). Combined with a growing and increasingly elderly population, annual case numbers may double. By 2081-2100 V. vulnificus infections may be present in every Eastern USA State under medium-to-high future emissions and warming. The projected expansion of V. vulnificus wound infections stresses the need for increased individual and public health awareness in these areas., (© 2023. The Author(s).)

Published
2023
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24. The 2021 report of the Lancet Countdown on health and climate change: code red for a healthy future.

Author

Romanello M, McGushin A, Di Napoli C, Drummond P, Hughes N, Jamart L, Kennard H, Lampard P, Solano Rodriguez B, Arnell N, Ayeb-Karlsson S, Belesova K, Cai W, Campbell-Lendrum D, Capstick S, Chambers J, Chu L, Ciampi L, Dalin C, Dasandi N, Dasgupta S, Davies M, Dominguez-Salas P, Dubrow R, Ebi KL, Eckelman M, Ekins P, Escobar LE, Georgeson L, Grace D, Graham H, Gunther SH, Hartinger S, He K, Heaviside C, Hess J, Hsu SC, Jankin S, Jimenez MP, Kelman I, Kiesewetter G, Kinney PL, Kjellstrom T, Kniveton D, Lee JKW, Lemke B, Liu Y, Liu Z, Lott M, Lowe R, Martinez-Urtaza J, Maslin M, McAllister L, McMichael C, Mi Z, Milner J, Minor K, Mohajeri N, Moradi-Lakeh M, Morrissey K, Munzert S, Murray KA, Neville T, Nilsson M, Obradovich N, Sewe MO, Oreszczyn T, Otto M, Owfi F, Pearman O, Pencheon D, Rabbaniha M, Robinson E, Rocklöv J, Salas RN, Semenza JC, Sherman J, Shi L, Springmann M, Tabatabaei M, Taylor J, Trinanes J, Shumake-Guillemot J, Vu B, Wagner F, Wilkinson P, Winning M, Yglesias M, Zhang S, Gong P, Montgomery H, Costello A, and Hamilton I

Subjects
Forecasting, Health Planning, Humans, Renewable Energy, Climate Change, Global Health trends
Abstract

Competing Interests: Declaration of interests We declare no competing interests.

Published
2021
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25. Future scenarios of risk of Vibrio infections in a warming planet: a global mapping study.

Author

Trinanes J and Martinez-Urtaza J

Subjects
Climate, Forecasting, Humans, Planets, Climate Change, Vibrio Infections epidemiology
Abstract

Background: Infections caused by non-cholera Vibrio species have undergone a global expansion over the past few decades reaching new areas of the world that were previously considered adverse for these organisms. The geographical extent of the expansion has not been uniform, and some areas have shown a rapid increase in infections., Methods: We applied a new generation of models combining climate, population, and socioeconomic projections to map future scenarios of distribution and season suitability for pathogenic Vibrio. We used the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project 6 framework. Three datasets were used: Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory's CM4.0 sea surface temperature and sea surface salinity; the coastline length dataset from the World Resources Institute; and Inter-Sectoral Impact Model Intercomparison Project 2b annual global population data. Future projections were used up to the year 2100 and historical simulations from 1850 to 2014. We also project human population at risk under different shared socioeconomic pathways worldwide., Findings: Projections showed that coastal areas suitable for Vibrio could cover 38 000 km of new coastal areas by 2100 under the most unfavourable scenario with an expansion rate of season suitability in these regions of around 1 month every 30 years. Population at risk in suitable regions almost doubled from 1980 to 2020 (from 610 million to 1100 million under the scenario of medium challenges to mitigation and adaptation, shared socioeconomic pathway 2-4.5), although the increment will be more moderate in the future and stabilises after 2050 at 1300 million. Finally, we provide the first global estimate for Vibrio infections, with values around half a million of cases worldwide in 2020., Interpretation: Our projections anticipated an expansion of both the temporal and spatial disease burden for Vibrio infections, in particular at high latitudes of the northern hemisphere. However, the largest extent occurred from 1980 to 2020 and a more moderate increase is expected for the future. The most positive outcome is that the projections showed that Vibrio morbidity will remain relatively stable over the coming decades., Funding: NOAA Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory and NOAA OceanWatch, and by the University of Miami's Cooperative Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Studies., Competing Interests: Declaration of interests We declare no competing interests., (Copyright © 2021 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an Open Access article under the CC BY 4.0 license. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.)

Published
2021
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26. The new tools revolutionizing Vibrio science.

Author

Baker-Austin C, Trinanes J, and Martinez-Urtaza J

Subjects
Animals, Climate Change, Genomics, Humans, Phylogeny, Virulence, Vibrio genetics, Vibrio pathogenicity
Abstract

As microbiologists we live in exciting times. A variety of technical and conceptual developments, particularly in the last decade have revolutionized the field of microbiology, redrawing the landscape, and entirely redefining what is possible. Perhaps this paradigm shift is no more apparent than in the study of vibrios. The family Vibrionaceae are almost unique as a group of bacteria to study in microbiology: they are genomically, phylogenetically and functionally diverse yet a distinct group of environmental bacteria encompassing important human and animal pathogens as well as non-pathogenic species such as ecologically critical symbionts. Sensitive to physiochemical stimuli, they are among the fasting replicating bacteria studied, capable of responding almost immediately to favourable environmental conditions such as those afforded by climate warming. Characterized by an unusual double chromosome and frequently carrying numerous cryptic plasmids - their genomes are often pockmarked with insertion elements, transposons, prophages and integrases - paying testament to past genomic promiscuity. With a strong affinity for environmental niches in freshwater and marine systems, they are among the most numerous bacteria present in our oceans, coasts and freshwater environments. As such they offer something for almost anyone interested in microbiology and represent an excellent example of field of microbiology that has benefitted hugely by advances across a gamut of disciplines - not just microbiological - but encompassing genomics, genetics, oceanography, ecological, earth observations sciences and data visualization, among others. We will briefly outline some of the most exciting, innovative and translational scientific advances that are currently being applied to these ecologically, environmentally and clinically important bacteria., (© 2020 Crown copyright.Environmental Microbiology © 2020 Society for Applied Microbiology This article is published with the permission of the Controller of HMSO and the Queen's Printer for Scotland.)

Published
2020
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27. The 2019 report of The Lancet Countdown on health and climate change: ensuring that the health of a child born today is not defined by a changing climate.

Author

Watts N, Amann M, Arnell N, Ayeb-Karlsson S, Belesova K, Boykoff M, Byass P, Cai W, Campbell-Lendrum D, Capstick S, Chambers J, Dalin C, Daly M, Dasandi N, Davies M, Drummond P, Dubrow R, Ebi KL, Eckelman M, Ekins P, Escobar LE, Fernandez Montoya L, Georgeson L, Graham H, Haggar P, Hamilton I, Hartinger S, Hess J, Kelman I, Kiesewetter G, Kjellstrom T, Kniveton D, Lemke B, Liu Y, Lott M, Lowe R, Sewe MO, Martinez-Urtaza J, Maslin M, McAllister L, McGushin A, Jankin Mikhaylov S, Milner J, Moradi-Lakeh M, Morrissey K, Murray K, Munzert S, Nilsson M, Neville T, Oreszczyn T, Owfi F, Pearman O, Pencheon D, Phung D, Pye S, Quinn R, Rabbaniha M, Robinson E, Rocklöv J, Semenza JC, Sherman J, Shumake-Guillemot J, Tabatabaei M, Taylor J, Trinanes J, Wilkinson P, Costello A, Gong P, and Montgomery H

Subjects
Communicable Diseases epidemiology, Conservation of Natural Resources, Delivery of Health Care methods, Extreme Heat adverse effects, Food Supply statistics & numerical data, Health Policy, Humans, International Cooperation, Malnutrition epidemiology, Weather, Child Health, Climate Change, Global Health
Published
2019
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28. The 2018 report of the Lancet Countdown on health and climate change: shaping the health of nations for centuries to come.

Author

Watts N, Amann M, Arnell N, Ayeb-Karlsson S, Belesova K, Berry H, Bouley T, Boykoff M, Byass P, Cai W, Campbell-Lendrum D, Chambers J, Daly M, Dasandi N, Davies M, Depoux A, Dominguez-Salas P, Drummond P, Ebi KL, Ekins P, Montoya LF, Fischer H, Georgeson L, Grace D, Graham H, Hamilton I, Hartinger S, Hess J, Kelman I, Kiesewetter G, Kjellstrom T, Kniveton D, Lemke B, Liang L, Lott M, Lowe R, Sewe MO, Martinez-Urtaza J, Maslin M, McAllister L, Mikhaylov SJ, Milner J, Moradi-Lakeh M, Morrissey K, Murray K, Nilsson M, Neville T, Oreszczyn T, Owfi F, Pearman O, Pencheon D, Pye S, Rabbaniha M, Robinson E, Rocklöv J, Saxer O, Schütte S, Semenza JC, Shumake-Guillemot J, Steinbach R, Tabatabaei M, Tomei J, Trinanes J, Wheeler N, Wilkinson P, Gong P, Montgomery H, and Costello A

Subjects
Conservation of Energy Resources, Environmental Pollution prevention & control, Financing, Organized, Health Planning economics, Health Services Research, Humans, Politics, Public Health, Renewable Energy, Research Report, Climate Change economics, Global Health, Health Policy
Published
2018
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29. Epidemic Dynamics of Vibrio parahaemolyticus Illness in a Hotspot of Disease Emergence, Galicia, Spain.

Author

Martinez-Urtaza J, Trinanes J, Abanto M, Lozano-Leon A, Llovo-Taboada J, Garcia-Campello M, Pousa A, Powell A, Baker-Austin C, and Gonzalez-Escalona N

Subjects
DNA, Bacterial genetics, Epidemics, Genome, Bacterial, Humans, Phylogeny, Spain epidemiology, Vibrio parahaemolyticus genetics, Communicable Diseases, Emerging microbiology, Foodborne Diseases epidemiology, Foodborne Diseases microbiology, Vibrio Infections epidemiology, Vibrio Infections microbiology, Vibrio parahaemolyticus isolation & purification
Abstract

Galicia in northwestern Spain has been considered a hotspot for Vibrio parahaemolyticus infections. Infections abruptly emerged in 1998 and, over the next 15 years, were associated with large outbreaks caused by strains belonging to a single clone. We report a recent transition in the epidemiologic pattern in which cases throughout the region have been linked to different and unrelated strains. Global genome-wide phylogenetic analysis revealed that most of the pathogenic strains isolated from infections were associated with globally diverse isolates, indicating frequent episodic introductions from disparate and remote sources. Moreover, we identified that the 2 major switches in the epidemic dynamics of V. parahaemolyticus in the regions, the emergence of cases and an epidemiologic shift in 2015-2016, were associated with the rise of sea surface temperature in coastal areas of Galicia. This association may represent a fundamental contributing factor in the emergence of illness linked to these introduced pathogenic strains.

Published
2018
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30. Genomic Variation and Evolution of Vibrio parahaemolyticus ST36 over the Course of a Transcontinental Epidemic Expansion.

Author

Martinez-Urtaza J, van Aerle R, Abanto M, Haendiges J, Myers RA, Trinanes J, Baker-Austin C, and Gonzalez-Escalona N

Subjects
Europe epidemiology, Humans, Molecular Epidemiology, Recombination, Genetic, United States epidemiology, Vibrio parahaemolyticus isolation & purification, Evolution, Molecular, Genetic Variation, Pandemics, Vibrio Infections epidemiology, Vibrio Infections microbiology, Vibrio parahaemolyticus classification, Vibrio parahaemolyticus genetics
Abstract

Vibrio parahaemolyticus is the leading cause of seafood-related infections with illnesses undergoing a geographic expansion. In this process of expansion, the most fundamental change has been the transition from infections caused by local strains to the surge of pandemic clonal types. Pandemic clone sequence type 3 (ST3) was the only example of transcontinental spreading until 2012, when ST36 was detected outside the region where it is endemic in the U.S. Pacific Northwest causing infections along the U.S. northeast coast and Spain. Here, we used genome-wide analyses to reconstruct the evolutionary history of the V. parahaemolyticus ST36 clone over the course of its geographic expansion during the previous 25 years. The origin of this lineage was estimated to be in ~1985. By 1995, a new variant emerged in the region and quickly replaced the old clone, which has not been detected since 2000. The new Pacific Northwest (PNW) lineage was responsible for the first cases associated with this clone outside the Pacific Northwest region. After several introductions into the northeast coast, the new PNW clone differentiated into a highly dynamic group that continues to cause illness on the northeast coast of the United States. Surprisingly, the strains detected in Europe in 2012 diverged from this ancestral group around 2000 and have conserved genetic features present only in the old PNW lineage. Recombination was identified as the major driver of diversification, with some preliminary observations suggesting a trend toward a more specialized lifestyle, which may represent a critical element in the expansion of epidemics under scenarios of coastal warming. IMPORTANCE Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Vibrio cholerae represent the only two instances of pandemic expansions of human pathogens originating in the marine environment. However, while the current pandemic of V. cholerae emerged more than 50 years ago, the global expansion of V. parahaemolyticus is a recent phenomenon. These modern expansions provide an exceptional opportunity to study the evolutionary process of these pathogens at first hand and gain an understanding of the mechanisms shaping the epidemic dynamics of these diseases, in particular, the emergence, dispersal, and successful introduction in new regions facilitating global spreading of infections. In this study, we used genomic analysis to examine the evolutionary divergence that has occurred over the course of the most recent transcontinental expansion of a pathogenic Vibrio , the spreading of the V. parahaemolyticus sequence type 36 clone from the region where it is endemic on the Pacific coast of North America to the east coast of the United States and finally to the west coast of Europe.

Published
2017
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31. Environmental Suitability of Vibrio Infections in a Warming Climate: An Early Warning System.

Author

Semenza JC, Trinanes J, Lohr W, Sudre B, Löfdahl M, Martinez-Urtaza J, Nichols GL, and Rocklöv J

Subjects
Cross-Over Studies, Humans, Sweden epidemiology, Climate Change statistics & numerical data, Environmental Exposure statistics & numerical data, Vibrio Infections epidemiology
Abstract

Background: Some Vibrio spp. are pathogenic and ubiquitous in marine waters with low to moderate salinity and thrive with elevated sea surface temperature (SST)., Objectives: Our objective was to monitor and project the suitability of marine conditions for Vibrio infections under climate change scenarios., Methods: The European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) developed a platform (the ECDC Vibrio Map Viewer) to monitor the environmental suitability of coastal waters for Vibrio spp. using remotely sensed SST and salinity. A case-crossover study of Swedish cases was conducted to ascertain the relationship between SST and Vibrio infection through a conditional logistic regression. Climate change projections for Vibrio infections were developed for Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) 4.5 and RCP 8.5., Results: The ECDC Vibrio Map Viewer detected environmentally suitable areas for Vibrio spp. in the Baltic Sea in July 2014 that were accompanied by a spike in cases and one death in Sweden. The estimated exposure-response relationship for Vibrio infections at a threshold of 16°C revealed a relative risk (RR)=1.14 (95% CI: 1.02, 1.27; p=0.024) for a lag of 2 wk; the estimated risk increased successively beyond this SST threshold. Climate change projections for SST under the RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5 scenarios indicate a marked upward trend during the summer months and an increase in the relative risk of these infections in the coming decades., Conclusions: This platform can serve as an early warning system as the risk of further Vibrio infections increases in the 21st century due to climate change. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP2198.

Published
2017
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32. Non-Cholera Vibrios: The Microbial Barometer of Climate Change.

Author

Baker-Austin C, Trinanes J, Gonzalez-Escalona N, and Martinez-Urtaza J

Subjects
Animals, Hot Temperature, Humans, Seawater microbiology, Vibrio Infections microbiology, Vibrio Infections pathology, Water Microbiology, Climate Change, Climatic Processes, Vibrio Infections epidemiology, Vibrio cholerae growth & development, Vibrio parahaemolyticus growth & development, Vibrio vulnificus growth & development
Abstract

There is a growing interest in the role of climate change in driving the spread of waterborne infectious diseases, such as those caused by bacterial pathogens. One particular group of pathogenic bacteria - vibrios - are a globally important cause of diseases in humans and aquatic animals. These Gram-negative bacteria, including the species Vibrio vulnificus, Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Vibrio cholerae, grow in warm, low-salinity waters, and their abundance in the natural environment mirrors ambient environmental temperatures. In a rapidly warming marine environment, there are greater numbers of human infections, and most notably outbreaks linked to extreme weather events such as heatwaves in temperate regions such as Northern Europe. Because the growth of pathogenic vibrios in the natural environment is largely dictated by temperature, we argue that this group of pathogens represents an important and tangible barometer of climate change in marine systems. We provide a number of specific examples of the impacts of climate change on this group of bacteria and their associated diseases, and discuss advanced strategies to improve our understanding of these emerging waterborne diseases through the integration of microbiological, genomic, epidemiological, climatic, and ocean sciences., (Crown Copyright © 2016. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

Published
2017
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33. Is El Niño a long-distance corridor for waterborne disease?

Author

Martinez-Urtaza J, Trinanes J, Gonzalez-Escalona N, and Baker-Austin C

Subjects
Disease Outbreaks, Humans, Seasons, South America, Temperature, Weather, El Nino-Southern Oscillation, Vibrio Infections epidemiology, Vibrio Infections transmission, Waterborne Diseases epidemiology, Waterborne Diseases transmission
Published
2016
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34. Epidemiological investigation of a foodborne outbreak in Spain associated with U.S. West Coast genotypes of Vibrio parahaemolyticus.

Author

Martinez-Urtaza J, Powell A, Jansa J, Rey JL, Montero OP, Campello MG, López MJ, Pousa A, Valles MJ, Trinanes J, Hervio-Heath D, Keay W, Bayley A, Hartnell R, and Baker-Austin C

Abstract

We describe an outbreak of seafood-associated Vibrio parahaemolyticus in Galicia, Spain in on 18th of August 2012 affecting 100 of the 114 passengers travelling on a food banquet cruise boat. Epidemiological information from 65 people was available from follow-on interviews, of which 51 cases showed symptoms of illness. The food items identified through the questionnaires as the most probable source of the infections was shrimp. This product was unique in showing a statistically significant and the highest OR with a value of 7.59 (1.52-37.71). All the nine strains isolated from stool samples were identified as V. parahaemolyticus, seven were positive for both virulence markers tdh and trh, a single strain was positive for trh only and the remaining strain tested negative for both trh and tdh. This is the largest foodborne Vibrio outbreak reported in Europe linked to domestically processed seafood. Moreover, this is the first instance of strains possessing both tdh+ and trh+ being implicated in an outbreak in Europe and that a combination of strains represent several pathogenicity groups and belonging to different genetic variants were isolated from a single outbreak. Clinical isolates were associated with a novel genetic variant of V. parahaemolyticus never detected before in Europe. Further analyses demonstrated that the outbreak isolates showed indistinguishable genetic profiles with hyper-virulent strains from the Pacific Northwest, USA, suggesting a recent transcontinental spread of these strains.

Published
2016
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35. Emergence of Asiatic Vibrio diseases in South America in phase with El Niño.

Author

Martinez-Urtaza J, Huapaya B, Gavilan RG, Blanco-Abad V, Ansede-Bermejo J, Cadarso-Suarez C, Figueiras A, and Trinanes J

Subjects
Humans, Peru epidemiology, Risk, Serotyping, Vibrio Infections etiology, Vibrio cholerae isolation & purification, Weather, Disease Outbreaks, Seasons, Vibrio Infections epidemiology, Vibrio parahaemolyticus classification, Vibrio parahaemolyticus isolation & purification, Water Movements
Abstract

Background: The seventh pandemic of Vibrio cholerae unexpectedly reached the coast of Peru in 1991, causing an explosive emergence of infections throughout the American continents. The origin and routes of dissemination are as yet unknown. A new Vibrio epidemic arose in 1997 in South America (northern Chile) when the pandemic clone of Vibrio parahaemolyticus was for the fist time detected outside of Asia. These 2 cases were concurrent with 2 episodes of El Niño., Methods: We carried out a survey of records of V. parahaemolyticus infection and of strains existing in the Instituto Nacional de Salud of Peru between 1994 and 2005. Association between the El Niño event and the V. parahaemolyticus disease was analyzed through generalized additive models applied to time-series data with negative binomial response, selecting some oceanographic factors distinctive of the movement of the El Niño waters., Results: Epidemiologic data and laboratory investigations of the strains showed that V. parahaemolyticus infections caused by the pandemic clone emerged in the coasts of Peru linked to the 1997 El Niño episode. The epidemic dissemination of this clone matched the expansion and dynamics of the poleward propagation and the receding of the El Niño waters. This pattern was similar to previously reported onset of cholera epidemic in 1991., Conclusions: These findings identify the El Niño episodes as a reliable vehicle for the introduction and propagation of Vibrio pathogens in South America. The movement of oceanic waters seems to be one of the driving forces of the spread of Vibrio diseases.

Published
2008
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36. Environmental determinants of the occurrence and distribution of Vibrio parahaemolyticus in the rias of Galicia, Spain.

Author

Martinez-Urtaza J, Lozano-Leon A, Varela-Pet J, Trinanes J, Pazos Y, and Garcia-Martin O

Subjects
DNA Fingerprinting, Salinity, Seawater chemistry, Serotyping, Spain, Temperature, Vibrio parahaemolyticus classification, Vibrio parahaemolyticus physiology, Seawater microbiology, Vibrio parahaemolyticus isolation & purification
Abstract

Infections associated with Vibrio parahaemolyticus on the coast of Galicia (in northwestern Spain) were reported to be linked to large outbreaks of illness during 1999 and 2000. Little information is available about the ecological factors that influence the emergence of V. parahaemolyticus infections in this temperate region. We carried out a 3-year study to investigate the occurrence and distribution of V. parahaemolyticus at 26 sites located in the four main rias of Galicia in association with environmental and oceanographic variables. V. parahaemolyticus was detected in all the areas investigated and throughout the complete period of study with an overall incidence of 12.5%. Salinity was the primary factor governing the temporal and spatial distribution of V. parahaemolyticus, whereas seawater temperature had a secondary effect and only modulated the abundance in periods and areas of reduced salinities. Higher occurrence of V. parahaemolyticus was observed during periods of lower salinity in autumn, with a total of 61 positive samples (18%) and a mean density of 1,234 most probable number/100 g. V. parahaemolyticus was primarily detected in areas of reduced salinity close to freshwater discharge points, where it was found in up to 45% of the samples. Characterization of the isolates obtained from the study resulted in the first identification of two pathogenic tdh-positive strains of V. parahaemolyticus recovered from the marine environment in Galicia. These isolates showed serotypes identical to and DNA profiles indistinguishable from those of the clinical clone of V. parahaemolyticus dominant in infections in Spain in the last 10 years.

Published
2008
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