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This work falls within the framework of quantitatively evaluating the primary metabolites and qualitatively the secondary metabolites of the three inedible organs (bark, leaves and flowers) of the two pomegranate cultivars (Nabli and Gabsi) in order to better enhance this natural resource. . The main objective is to carry out a global study which focuses on both the study of the biochemical composition and the organoleptic study of inedible organs. The results show that protein, sugar and fatty acid composition accumulate differently depending on the cultivar. These by-products can be considered as a potential crop that could be useful in designating pomegranate by-products as an ingredient in food processing, which could provide potential health benefits. In addition, the infusions of bark, flowers and leaves have organoleptic characteristics adapted to the requirements of the panellists. We can conclude that these extracts can be used in human food.

Drought and salinity are the two major abiotic stresses limiting barley growth and productivity. In order to understand the physiological and biochemical traits associated with deficit irrigation using saline water in barley at heading stage, this study was performed under field conditions to treat two barley landraces, "Karkeni" (origin: irrigated) and "Bengardeni" (origin: rainfed in arid area), with three irrigation treatments as a function of cultural evapotranspiration ETc (T0: 100% ETc, T1: 75% ETc and T2: 50% ETc). In both barley landraces, deficit irrigation with saline water (T1 and T2 treatments) significantly decreased net photosynthetic rate (A), transpiration rate (E), stomatal conductance (gs), K+ content, K+/Na+ ratio and grain yield (GY); by contrast, DPPH and ABTS scavenging capacities as well as Na+ content were increased, concomitant with a landrace-dependent variation in phenolic compounds composition. Interestingly, under T1 and T2 treatments, "Karkeni" had the lowest A, E, gs and K+/Na+ ratio, and the highest Na+ content and GY. Overall, at heading stage, salt accumulation in deficit irrigated soils with saline water significantly reduces GY of barley by influencing gas exchange, phytochemical profiles and antioxidant activities, in a landrace-dependent manner. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the present study, the phenolic compounds, mineral composition, of ethanol and water extracts from different Reamuria vermiculata parts (leaves, stems and roots) was investigated. The antioxidant and antimicrobial proprieties were screened using experimental and computational approaches. Results have reported that the fraction aqueous of roots had a higher amount of polyphenol, flavonoid and tanins than stems and leaves (1153.29 mg GAE/g, 308.16 mg CE/g, 31.84 mg CE/g DW) respectively. Also, the same extract has significant scavenging activity to decrease free radicals especially for DPPH (IC50 = 0.04 mg/mL), ABTS radicals (IC50 = 0.002 mg/mL) and ß-carotene (IC50 = 0.06 mg/mL). In addition, the minerals K, Mg, Na, and Ca were detected as considerably high quantities in leaves. Moreover, the ethanol extract of roots exhibited an antimicrobial property against bacterial strains Listeria monocytogenes with MIC =0.0781 mg/ml, staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis with MIC = 0.3125 mg/ml. The overall results provided some valuable information that spices have powerful antioxidant and antimicrobial potentials, which could be an interesting material for industrial purposes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Genetic relationships were estimated among 25 germplasm belonging to Lawsonia inermis L. using RAPD and ISSR markers. These markers were implemented in analyses of principal coordinates (PCO), unweighted pair group mean average (UPGMA). Results showed that the L. inermis L. germplasm divided on three groups based on RAPD data. However, using the ISSR data, all studied germplasm were grouped in one group which is divided on three sub-groups, exception four germplasm. The overall mean genetic similarity based on ISSR data ranged from 0.1 to 0.83 and from 0.07 to 0.83 based on RAPD data. The PCO applied on 25 germplasm using ISSR markers showed three groups constituting the three sub-groups obtained in dendrogram based on UPGMA method. Based on RAPD data, the PCO and dendrogram defined three groups; only one group seemed to be the same in the two applied analyses. The groups obtained based on ISSR and RAPD were independently from their geographical origin. Therefore the ISSR and RAPD molecular markers show two genetic grouping of L. inermis L. germplasm which would be as the first step to understand and to conserve these resources characterizing by genetic erosion in these localities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]