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Through a qualitative research with in-depth interviews with Tunisian travellers and netnography on travel related blogs, we aim to investigate how connected technologies modified imaginaries in the travel experience through the (non)sharing behaviour. Findings demonstrate a related expressed paradoxical behaviour swinging between 'self-promotion' and 'evil eye': the former being the desire to be socially visible and included, and the latter is the fear of being jinxed by others. Accordingly, we identify five different travellers' profiles. We conclude that paradoxical social imaginaries of both worldviews can coexist within the travel experience, leading to an incredible complexity and a continuous oscillation between both. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We describe the case of a returned traveler to the United States from Ecuador who had an acute febrile illness, initially diagnosed as Oropouche fever. This illness was later confirmed to be a rare infection with Iquitos virus, a related bunyavirus that shares 2 of 3 genome segments with Oropouche virus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We report a suspected case of acute pulmonary coccidioidomycosis contracted in Peru, where the disease is not known to occur, in a patient from Switzerland. Although not confirmed by direct diagnostic testing, the clinical manifestations and serologic testing results of this case are highly suggestive of coccidioidomycosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Previous research shows that well-grounded knowledge of the intended travellers is essential for achieving successful DRT services. However, there is a lack of understanding of the potential travels in different age groups, and the acceptance of design alternatives that may affect these. Based on surveys conducted in Sweden, this paper investigates these factors in a hypothetical DRT service, in the age groups 6–17, 18–69 and over 70 years. A total of 1241 people answered the questionnaires. The results show that the age groups have similar acceptance regarding delays and departure time intervals. Older adults have lower acceptance of digital solutions, and children and older adults have stronger requirements for value-added services. About 85–90% of the respondents claim they would use the service, at least occasionally. The results also show how a DRT system should be configured to allow room for system efficiency gains, while still being accepted by most travellers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article analyses the commercial activities between Vietnam and China that were conducted by diplomatic envoys (ambassadors) in the 19th century, focusing on three aspects: those that envoys coordinated during tribute missions or diplomatic visits, the trade that they facilitated in the form of buying and selling goods in the other country, and the commerce that occurred when envoys escorted distressed or expelled travellers back to their home country. The analysis reveals that the trade conducted by ambassadors through most of the century was a two-way commercial exchange and driven by mutual interests. However, China’s demand for foreign goods was significantly less pronounced than that of Vietnam. Furthermore, there was a notable degree of asymmetry in benefits and an unequal level of control and influence in this form of trade. This asymmetry, along with the increasingly diverse forms of exchange between China and other countries (especially the growth of private trade) and the expanding role of Western merchants in the regional trade network, eventually ended the dominance of ambassadorial trade in commercial relations between Vietnam and China by the late 19th century. It also contributed to the end of the centuries-long tributary relationship between the two countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Thus far, approaches to analyzing geographies in large collections of digital texts have used coordinate-based locations derived from toponyms (place names). Although this approach provides a useful starting point, it ignores both nontoponym references to place and textual structure while stressing Euclidean space. This article addresses these issues. Focusing on a corpus of writing about the English Lake District before 1900, it explores the different geographies associated with tourists, travelers, and inhabitants. Alongside toponyms, we identify the concept of a geo-noun to associate place with geographical features. Sense of place is then identified using the adjectives, nouns, and verbs that writers associate with locations and locales. This methodology allows us to identify and define places described in large volumes of digital text both holistically and textually. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper develops a concept of interfacing as a heterogeneous zone of interaction, a relational space created by users as they bring together interact with and draw on a range of digital and analogue materials, sources and technologies. It examines the ways tourists and travellers access, engage, use, transfer and blend multiple media sources drawing across both analogue and digital sources as they plan, execute and reflect on the trips and visits they make. It derives from a series of in depth 'show and tell' style interviews with 18 participants recruited in the UK. It contributes to the growing literature on digital geographies by exploring the relational spatiality by which individuals build interfacing activities around specific tasks and experiences as heterogeneous and contingent socio-material spaces. It develops a conception of interfacing around two interrelated and iterative sets of embodied practices. These are firstly, assembling and mobilising and secondly intermediating and sense making. Using this twin conception of interfacing as an active making, the paper discusses how and where a conception of interfacing as embodied practice might contribute to understandings of human digital relationships within complex poly media situations and environments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nineteenth-century Victorian travellers in Northeast Asia were consistently captivated by the Ainu people indigenous to the Okhotsk region. In an age characterized by popular adventure fiction in which the trope of discovering a 'lost white tribe' figured prominently, it was perhaps not surprising that the Ainu, who were ethnically distinct from the neighbouring Japanese, would be described as 'white,' 'Caucasian' or 'Aryan' in a large body of travel writing and scientific texts. Why, then, did two of the longest English-language accounts of the Ainu published during this period show no interest in Ainu 'whiteness' and virtually none in questions of racial classification? Published the same year (1893) by two very different men, British-American humanitarian doctor Benjamin Douglas Howard and Italian-British provocateur and artist Henry Savage Landor, these books repeat hackneyed tropes of primitiveness, but remain surprisingly uninterested in explicit questions of race. This is particularly striking in that Landor later included a 'lost white tribe' episode in an account of his travels in the Philippines (1904). This article uses these works to reflect on the social constructedness of racial categorizations even in contexts far removed from their authors' home society. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

US-bound immigrants and refugees undergo a mandatory overseas medical examination that includes tuberculosis screening; this exam is not routinely required for temporary visitors applying for non-immigrant visas (NIV) to visit, work, or study in the United States. US health departments and foreign ministries of health report tuberculosis cases in travelers to Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Quarantine Stations. We reviewed cases reported to this passive surveillance system from January 2011 to June 2016. Of 1252 cases of tuberculosis in travelers reported to CDC, 114 occurred in travelers with a long-term NIV. Of these, 83 (73%) were infectious; 18 (16%) with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR TB) and one with extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (XDR TB). We found evidence that NIV holders are diagnosed with tuberculosis disease in the United States. Given that long-term NIV holders were over-represented in this data set, despite the small proportion (4%) of overall non-immigrant admissions they represent, expanding the US overseas migration health screening program to this population might be an efficient intervention to further reduce tuberculosis in the United States. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Room price and availability are important determinants of the timing of hotel bookings. However, their effects over time cannot be viewed as monotonic. Travelers book earlier when their target hotel charges higher prices than others only when their day of arrival is far away. Travelers book earlier when their target hotel is less available than others only if their target arrival day is less than two months away. Travelers also book earlier if they intend to travel with a child or other companions and stay for more nights. Furthermore, traveler booking lead times significantly increase the probability of actual check-in. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For centuries Eastern Churches only employed the semantron , usually an elongated piece of wood that is struck with a hammer, to gather the faithful. Eventually, most adopted bell ringing, even though semantra continue to be used by some Orthodox Churches. In the West bells were rung for the same purpose and the semantron was unknown. As a result, Western pilgrims, diplomats, and other travellers to the eastern Mediterranean were astonished and intrigued when they encountered the instrument. This article looks at their descriptions and discusses how the instrument and its sounds were used to other Oriental Christianity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Extant research on the concept of bleisure is mainly in the context of the Global North or relates to travellers from the Global North. This investigation is the first in the environment of the Global South to examine the bleisure activities among informal business tourists. Using a survey of 700 informal business tourists in Harare, Zimbabwe, the results show that the accommodation choices and the bleisure activities undertaken by these informal business tourists in Zimbabwe's capital city are markedly different to those reported in studies of business travellers from the Global North. Bleisure activities identified as significant are visits to friends/relatives, participation in religious activities, personal shopping and the enjoyment of sports, musical events and Harare's night-time economy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

While there has been an increase in the number of tourists travelling solo, there is a steady growth in females travelling alone as tourists around the globe. This phenomenon has led to a growing scholarly interest, yet solo female travel as a research topic is relatively under-researched. Only limited knowledge exists about the psychological issues of female solo travel, such as loneliness. There is a gap in our understanding of interpreting solo travel by females, depending on their country of origin and the type of destinations they have travelled solo. This study examined these aspects by exploring female solo travelling in South Asian destinations with European and Asian participants. The results revealed that the meaning of solo travelling is associated with four themes: freedom pursuit, being with the self, self-enhancement, and connectedness with people. It also disclosed that solo female travellers have different perceptions about 'loneliness,' and everyone does not see loneliness as a negative outcome. The results further indicate that the perception of solo travel and loneliness and how to cope with lonely times are likely to be subjective to the type of destinations where solo travelling takes place and the country of origin of the travellers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AbstractGenerally, there are two kinds of travellers: package tourists and independent backpackers. The journey towards second language (L2) student feedback literacy shares many features with independent backpacker travel, and there are benefits to viewing student feedback literacy this way. Despite feedback playing a fundamental role in higher education learners’ development, students and teachers are currently dissatisfied with feedback. This research uses the metaphor of independent backpacker travel to explore how L2 learners can become more effective users of feedback through feedbackpacking. Specifically, seven Chinese undergraduate English for Academic Purposes students at a Sino-foreign joint venture university were interviewed. Data were analysed thematically to highlight salient features of students’ journeys towards L2 student feedback literacy and to demonstrate that for such learners, this journey is perhaps more complex than current understandings assume. By linking students’ self-reported feedback practices to the concept of independent backpacker travel, the practical insights reported will benefit higher education practitioners across disciplines who wish to develop their L2 learners’ feedback literacy. The results emphasize the importance of context, culture, and language for effective feedback, highlighting the benefits for L2 learners to adopt a mindset of feedbackpacking in order achieve L2 feedback literacy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AbstractThis article explores the Spanish Crown’s increasing regulations on mobility and their attempts to inspect and classify transatlantic travellers, highlighting both top-down and bottom-up expressions of power. It explores the efforts of early modern power to control movement, while tracing their shortcomings and limitations, as well as the means through which some travellers reclaimed power and their freedom to move. The article offers an overview of the Crown’s initial efforts to control movement, using historical accounts to enhance our understanding of the complex interaction between mobility and power, and how they shaped each other. By considering public policies, testimonies from local authorities, and freedom litigation suits, the article traces how power was resisted and balanced through individual responses and legal mechanisms, contributing to more nuanced and interdisciplinary views of power dynamics, the free movement of people, and global mobility studies. Drawing on Michel Foucault’s concept of disciplinary power, it proposes tracing earlier stages of this diffused form of power, shedding new light on mobility as a governing mechanism and as an amalgam of experiences that reconfigure power relations and convey stories of resistance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article aims to situate Traveller evictions within discussions on local authorities and their role in realising human rights. It focuses on the scenario where local authorities choose to merely tolerate rather than regularise Travellers' housing situation, leading to forced evictions without culturally appropriate alternative accommodation. Through a case study in a Belgian city, three aspects will be examined. First, the local authority's position will be evaluated against the case law of the European Court of Human Rights. Second, the article will analyse the involved actors' human rights engagement. Based on these findings, a third aspect will be to briefly explore three strategies to improve local authorities' human rights performance in this context: to further develop their position within human rights law and strengthen their engagement with the supranational level; to hold local authorities accountable in terms of human rights law at the domestic level; and to integrate a human rights framework into local authorities' daily decision-making processes. It will be argued that these strategies show different strengths and weaknesses, highlighting the importance of cooperation between multiple levels and actors. Taken together, they hold the potential to reinforce each other and promote processes and outcomes truly benefitting human rights implementation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Interrail rail ticket offer, created in 1972, established a new travel platform for young people to meet their peers in Europe. This article examines how Interrail youth travel enabled sociable transactions for Swedish and Finnish travellers and how this promoted informal European integration. The article is based on a qualitative analysis and comparison of 40 Finnish and Swedish Interrailers' interviews about their trips between 1972 and 1993. The travellers recall the position of Sweden and Finland in relation to Europe as dualistic: being both outside and inside Europe. The Nordic countries in the 1970s and 80s were recalled as familiar and clearly distinct from Europe. Informal European integration was advanced; many travellers framed their Interrail trips as a positive, intrinsically European experience. Meeting new people among travellers and local residents was remembered as giving Europe faces and creating a sense of community. Thus, Interrail trips produced 'lived Europeanness'. The findings also demonstrate that Swedish and Finnish travellers experienced the trip in a very similar fashion. However, the comparison served to reveal the regional differences in relation to the distance of the regions from continental Europe. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research analyses the challenges of an emerging tourism segment, which we shall call 'Camper Travel Lovers' (CTLs) and is linked to the users of motorized vehicles such as motorhomes and camper vans for tourism purposes. The study focuses on Girona Province (Catalonia, Spain) and uses primary sources of information to conduct quantitative research through a structured survey. A total of 406 such surveys were carried out with camper van users to determine their current profile. Although the goals of this new segment are to seek out greater contact with nature, relaxation and discovery of new territories, while sharing the experience with family or friends and guaranteeing safety in the face of the new health emergency situation caused by COVID-19, CTLs differ from travelers who adopt a lifestyle focused on the concept of #vanlife and also retirees or Grey nomad caravanners, because they use their vehicles for short holidays. Since the CTL segment has undergone exponential growth in recent years and been further boosted by COVID-19, given that as a means of travel it reduces contact with others and minimizes the risk of contagion, we see it as representing a trend in tourist mobility in the coming years, therefore posing both challenges and clear opportunities for managers of DMOs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although Orientalist ideologies have been strongly criticized in the last 30 years, a negative vision of the 'Islamic City' is still shared by travellers and scholars. This paper demonstrates that by using new, more sophisticated, instruments for reading cities in the Islamic Mediterranean they will not appear chaotic at all. It shows, on the contrary, fragments of a regular geometry under the appearance of an irregular plan layout. A number of case studies show that these fragments are either testimony of planned phases of the city's growth, or its previous classic fabric, systematically absorbed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present research aims to enhance the understanding of island travelers and their behavior through the lens of the environmental locus of control. This study incorporates the important factors of cognitive and affective stages that influence pro‐environmental behavior depending on the level of internal and external environmental locus of control. The research findings provide evidence about the level of environmental locus of control in regards to island travelers and the formation process of pro‐environmental behavior based on the cognition‐affection‐conation model. Last, this research shows how the internal and external environmental locus of control moderate the relationships among the core constructs that contribute in order to develop environmentally friendly behavior. The findings offer several academic and practical implications for sustainable island tourism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The popularity of sensory marketing has piqued the interest of luxury service providers in designing service environments to stimulate the senses of customers seeking a unique luxury experience. Providing high‐quality hotel products allows an opportunity to gain a competitive advantage through brand differentiation. This study explores the link between the multisensory marketing of bath amenities (stimulus), perceived value (organism), and behavioral intention (response) based on the stimulus–organism–response framework. The data were collected from luxury hotel customers in the United States. Structural equation modeling was used to test the proposed relationships. The results show that customers with a high level of sensory experience tend to perceive high hedonic, quality, and prestige values. Further, perceived value affected customers' behavioral intentions (i.e., purchase and revisit intentions) through satisfaction. These findings offer useful guidelines for service providers on how they can achieve sustainable growth by differentiating brands using sensory attributes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study develops an integrated model that investigates the impact of app technology on event experiences and subsequent consumer behaviors—place attachment, affective commitment, and behavioral intentions. In the context of sports tourism events, data were collected from 219 international participants during the 12th Transpyr race in 2022. Results suggest that perceived usefulness, information value, and perceived enjoyment are drivers of users' app satisfaction, though perceived ease of use did not directly impact app satisfaction. App satisfaction positively impacted event experiences, fostering place attachment, behavioral intention (intention to participate, word‐of‐mouth, electronic word‐of‐mouth), and affective commitment. Affective commitment also influenced behavioral intentions positively, unlike place attachment. This study extends the tourism and consumer behaviors literature. It also presents a new perspective on the TAM model by measuring the users' online experience and its impact on the event experience. Additionally, it provides event organizers with guidelines for building successful experiences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Because Islamophobia has increased recently, Muslim tourists, who make up a crucial part of the global tourism market, prefer to travel to Muslim‐friendly places. However, the perceived Muslim‐friendly tourist destination image (MFTDI) remains completely unaddressed in the literature. Furthermore, there is no systematic empirical evidence concerning the impacts of the MFTDI on perceived value, satisfaction and Muslim actual visit behaviour. As a result, the purpose of this investigation is to define the multiple components of MFTDI, to explore the interrelationships within the MFTDI, value, satisfaction and Muslim actual visit behaviour, and to design and test a theoretical framework for the outcomes of MFTDI in the travel industry. To do so, nine hypotheses were established and evaluated using a survey of 576 Muslim travellers of different nationalities. The findings indicate that the dimensions of the proposed MFTDI model are critical for improving Muslim travellers' actual visit behaviours in the travel industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study analyzes jointly the effects of various types of crises on tourism demand in the 17 territories within Spain and how they affect distinct strands of tourism. Three very different crises are considered: the Great Recession, the Arab Spring, and the COVID‐19 pandemic. This paper proposes an objective classification of the Spanish provinces that considers the importance of tourism activity. The impacts of the crises are analyzed and compared with those obtained from a classification based on the geographical location of the provinces. We carry out the study by estimating dynamic panel data models that incorporate a generalized method of moments (GMM). The results report high significance levels for the persistence, price, and income variables. From a territorial perspective, and with the important exception of inland provinces, there are no significant differences in the variations in tourism demand. In light of these results, policy implications are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The global aging population brings a growing senior tourist market. This study applies embodied cognitive theory and grounded theory to explore how senior tourists' technological experiences are formed in three travel stages. Twenty‐five in‐depth interviews were conducted with senior tourists aged 55–82. Three main components of embodied technological experiences were found, namely the characteristics of senior tourists, tourism contexts, and technological cognition. Characteristics affect technological cognition and how seniors react in specific tourism contexts. Tourism contexts play a stimulating role in motivating senior tourists to participate in different tourism activities. Technological cognition reflects personal characteristics and factors that influence technological usage. It proposes meaningful insights that can inspire tourism suppliers to enhance senior tourists' overall technological experience. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although the tourism shopping experience is growing in volume and importance, there is a lacuna about how the experiential facets of tourism shopping shape tourists' attitudes and behaviors. Therefore, this study aims to provide a broader understanding of this, by exploring the structural relationships between tourism shopping experiences, tourism shopping value, affective attachment, and behavioral intention. Data were sourced from 500 international tourists who had shopping experiences in Ghana. Results showed that experiential facets of in‐and‐out of store ambience, product, and store policy, all significantly inform hedonic and utilitarian shopping values. Both utilitarian and hedonic values positively influenced affective attachment and behavioral intention. The results of this study have academic and practical implications, as they shed light on understanding the cognition‐affect‐behavior relationships in a tourism shopping context. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research examines the effect of the answering style of ChatGPT on users' acceptance in a trip planning context, where ChatGPT recommends a list of destinations. Focusing on two style factors (information structure: destinations are listed vs. explained; communication style: opening and ending remarks are present vs. absent), we examined how travelers' acceptance of ChatGPT's recommendation varied with its answering style based on the "Computers are Social Actors" paradigm, via three experiments. While the relationship between communication style and travelers' acceptance was not significant, that between information structure and acceptance was significant, travelers were more willing to visit the destinations recommended by ChatGPT when they were explained than when listed. Also, this research identified a mediator (perceived informativeness) and a moderator (travelers' familiarity with the destinations) of the relationship. As one of the earliest empirical studies regarding travelers' usage of ChatGPT, this study serves as a reference for future research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Destination crowding has emerged as a serious issue for tourist sites and visitors alike. This research delves into the correlation between two‐dimensional perceived (spatial and human) crowding and two tourist behaviors (pro‐environmental and deviant behavior). Additionally, it explores the influence of deindividuation and environmental knowledge on these relationships. The study, based on 313 Chinese domestic tourists who recently visited the Great Wall, reveals that perceptions of spatial and human crowding significantly trigger deviant behavior. Conversely, pro‐environmental behavior is indirectly impeded by both forms of perceived crowding, with deindividuation acting as a mediating factor. The presence of environmental knowledge proves crucial in empowering tourists to make well‐informed behavioral decisions and mitigating the negative effects of deindividuation on their actions. This research contributes to the tourism literature by incorporating deindividuation to enhance the understanding of how perceived crowding affects tourist behaviors. It further advances the field by differentiating between pro‐environmental and deviant. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cruise tourism comprises having a vacation on a large passenger ship or boat, typically visiting several destinations along a predetermined itinerary, and it has taken the attention of academicians for the past two decades. This research study conducts a comprehensive longitudinal analysis of cruise tourism research covering 2003 to 2022. A meticulous selection process identifies 590 seminal articles from the Scopus database, which are then subjected to thorough bibliometric analysis. The R package (Bibliometrix R-package) is utilised to conduct the bibliometric analysis that incorporates various indicators to comprehend the overall trends in cruise tourism research, including annual output, top journal, prolific author, influential articles, author keywords, co-citations, and social structures. The analysis findings indicated that the United States and China emerged as the leading countries in cruise tourism research. Moreover, keywords like cruise tourism, cruise industry, cruise ships, cruise travel, and cruise experience appeared frequently, indicating their prominence within the domain. The insights gained from this analysis provide valuable strategic information for researchers, aiding them in developing and planning their future studies in cruise tourism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite its extreme remoteness, the geographic North Pole is attracting more tourists than ever before, bringing increasing numbers of people and ships to the Arctic Ocean. This growth is regarded as potentially damaging to the Arctic environment, especially combined with the effects of climate change on the sea ice. Yet, to understand and anticipate future changes related to increasing tourism at the North Pole (and the Arctic Ocean), it is critical to both assess the current situation of tourism and to anticipate the future of tourism in the region in light of climate change projections. Therefore, this article explores the dimensions and geographies of tourism development at the North Pole, and more generally in the Arctic Ocean, in terms of modes of tourism, itineraries, and estimated numbers of tourists. To do so, we examine three main forms of tourism taking place in the region, namely icebreaker cruises, frontier travelers venturing on the sea ice, and ice camps. The article also aims to discuss the future of tourism in the region in light of estimated climate change impacts on the sea ice, in order to better plan and adapt to a future seasonally ice-free Arctic Ocean. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on debunking the long-held belief that Alta California missions were spaced a day's travel apart, challenging claims made in various texts. Topics discussed include the chronological establishment of missions, distances between them, and the challenges faced by travelers and missionaries.

The article focuses on the establishment of Fort Kearny in Nebraska Territory, its significance in protecting overland travelers heading west, and the challenges faced by emigrants along the trails. Topics include the fort's relocation for better protection of emigrants, the role it played as a supply station, and the harsh realities of trail life including the struggles, dangers, and diverse backgrounds of those migrating.

This essay aims to analyze the narratives about the Amazon region by naturalist travelers Wallace, Humboldt, Spruce and Waterton about the fauna, flora and Amazonian people of the 19th century mentioned by John Hemming in his text Naturalists in Paradise: Wallace, Bates and Spruce in the Amazon. In addition to discussing in the field of language the duality of narratives where the region and its people are represented by the extremes of empty and full, magnificent and hideous, paradisiacal and hellish. This reading of the past is necessary due to the possibility of creating new imaginaries in the present, in addition to rethinking the crystallizations manifested in today's thoughts generated in yesterday. The narratives were selected based on the contradictory meaning present in their content and analyzed through the prism of the categories of racialization, Amazonianism and language addressed by Souza (2017), Albuquerque (2016), Williams (1979) and others. With the analysis of the narratives, it became evident that nature was positioned above the subjects, reflecting a hierarchy that permeated the naturalists' descriptions. Furthermore, travelers were predisposed to confirm their preconceived ideas during their journeys, shaping their perceptions and interpretations to align with their preconceptions.

The underlying mechanism of the destination trust of Korean travelers and behaviors toward China after the COVID-19 pandemic is explored in the present study, which considers the role of the destination image constituents and perceived government policy responsiveness for tourism recovery. The data was collected from Korean nationals who are currently residing in South Korea and have traveled to China in the last five years. The results revealed that the developed conceptual framework had a satisfactory level of explanatory ability in regards to predicting the travel and recommendation intentions of Korean travelers toward China, which destination trust serves as the key mediator. Moreover, the perception of Korean travelers in regards to Chinese government policy responsiveness for tourism recovery significantly strengthened the effect of image factors on destination trust. The study also discovered that the importance of image factors varies in regards to the formation of trust and destination behaviors. This research provides significant theoretical insights into the post-health crisis tourism recovery, which emphasizes changes in Korean travel patterns in the aftermath of COVID-19 as well as the wider socio-political environment that influences travel destinations. It also presents useful guidance for Chinese tourism stakeholders in regards to implementing effective recovery strategies that are aimed at the lucrative Korean outbound travel market during the post-COVID-19 pandemic period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

I have argued against the Principle of Alternative Possibilities using a time travel-based counterexample. Kelly McCormick has responded to my counterexample by arguing that the time travel scenario must be a scenario in which a time traveler's actions are causally determined; hence, she claims, we should be suspicious of attributing moral responsibility to anyone in such a scenario. In this paper, I respond by arguing that one might be morally responsible in an indeterministic time travel scenario. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The motif of travel has always been popular, and the metaphor of life as a path remains extremely powerful. Both seem to be especially important within Christian culture because of the image of Christ the Wanderer, who "has no place to lay his head", an image that influenced the growing popularity of pilgrimages and religiously motivated wandering. The latter became particularly widespread in Russian culture and resulted in numerous representations of wandering people in Russian art and literature. In my article, I focus on literary representations of wanderers in the oeuvre of Nikolai Leskov, whose works are abundant with these types of characters. I argue that the writer portrays his wanderers as ambivalent eccentrics who combine elements characteristic of diverse types of travelers, both religious and secular. To prove my hypothesis, I combine traditional literary analysis of Leskov's texts with the examination of cultural and religious practices of Russian wandering. As I demonstrate, the complexity and multifacetedness of the writer's wanderers correspond with Russian reality, where the boundary between pilgrims and vagrants was also blurred. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Structural models of traffic congestion, such as the bottleneck model, are used to answer important, policy‐relevant questions. However, existing models typically assume that no travelers are inframarginal regarding when to travel; that is, given equilibrium travel times, no travelers strictly prefer their ex ante departure time to all others. In this article, I address this shortcoming by incorporating inframarginal travelers into these models. This change significantly improves these models' ability to fit the data and changes policy prescriptions. In the case of congestion pricing, it typically changes the optimal toll by at least 25% and significantly worsens the distributional impacts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]