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This research aims at expanding the scope of travel satisfaction by incorporating subjective elements in the evaluation of worthwhileness of travel time proposed by the H2020 MoTiV project, using a European-wide mobility dataset collected in 2019. Trip characteristics, mood, socio-demographic characteristics, experience factors, travel activities and weather were analysed to explore their influence on travellers' perception of worthwhileness of travel time. The analysis was performed separately for five different transport mode categories using Structural Equation Models. The empirical analysis of this research indicates the high significance of enjoyment in terms of making a trip worthwhile for all transport modes. The results also revealed mode-specific experience factors that play an important role in shaping travel experience which could be addressed to improve the quality of travel time. It is expected that these results can support a shift towards a more human-centric approach in urban mobility plans as well as pave the way for more inclusive transport policies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• People have cognitive and affective responses to stimuli during travel. • These responses are mediated by appraisal and are highly individualised. • Within-trip experiences affect travel satisfaction, attitudes, and mode choice. • Naturalistic research can elucidate the individuality of within-trip experiences. • Understanding individuality is needed for equitable active travel modal shift. Modest shifts from car use to active travel can result in substantial health, emissions, and economic improvements that result in cleaner, greener, and healthier cities. To achieve modal shift towards active travel, the transport field has long considered how psychosocial factors outlined by theories such as the theory of planned behaviour underpin travel mode choice. Recent models of travel behaviour detail how travel satisfaction – a person's cognitive and affective evaluations of their travel – influences mode-related attitudes which in turn influences desires and intentions to use a specific travel mode. In this conceptual paper, we introduce the concept of within-trip subjective experiences – cognitive and affective responses to individual events and stimuli during travel – and propose potential mechanisms for how within-trip experiences affect travel satisfaction and mode-related attitudes. Specifically, people have emotional and cognitive reactions to individual stimuli (e.g., near miss incident, pleasant scenery, heavy traffic) which are mediated by the process of appraisal. Over the course of a trip, the sum of these subjective reactions form the basis of their within-trip experience, which heavily shape perceptions of travel satisfaction and subsequently influence attitudes and intentions to use a specific mode. Furthermore, within-trip subjective experiences to stimuli potentially modify the beliefs that mode-related attitudes consist of, further highlighting the importance of considering within-trip experiences to individual stimuli for understanding travel behaviour and mode choice. The consideration of within-trip experiences highlights the individuality of peoples' responses to stimuli. Understanding and addressing this individuality and the unique needs of all potential user groups may assist in achieving mass modal shift towards cycling and active travel. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • A structural equation model for understanding how negative encounters influence the satisfaction of shared auto-rickshaw usage as public transport. • Availability is the most significant factor in predicting the adoption of shared auto-rickshaws. • Negative encounters in shared auto-rickshaws substantially negatively influence users' satisfaction. • Provide interventions and policy proposals on transparent fare structures and digital payment options to address concerns about unapproved fares. Emerging research has highlighted the significant role auto-rickshaws play in travel services, and yet, compared to other transport modes, they have received relatively less attention in research. No study has investigated travel behaviour and negative encounters in shared auto-rickshaws. The assumption that negative encounters deter users from utilising shared auto-rickshaws has not yet been validated. Moreover, previous studies have focused on adopting auto-rickshaws and travel behaviour, neglecting the specific dynamics of shared services within the public transport landscape. Here, we investigate the determinants influencing shared auto-rickshaw usage as a distinct mode in Ghana. We also identify negative attributes by drawing the link between negative user encounters and their impact on satisfaction, loyalty, and openness to policy propositions. The study deployed structural equation modelling, which is generally preferred in transport research. We discovered that 'Availability' is the most significant factor in predicting the adoption of shared auto-rickshaws. The estimated model established that negative encounters substantially impact users' satisfaction, and users' satisfaction was impacted by discomfort with seating arrangement, driver conduct, fleecing of users, and long travel time, among others. Older commuters reported higher levels of satisfaction than younger commuters, whereas commuters with higher levels of education tend to report lower levels of satisfaction. This research expands the limited understanding of shared auto-rickshaw usage by advancing our theoretical grasp of how negative encounters influence satisfaction and loyalty from a user-centric perspective. These insights can aid policymakers, service providers, and transport authorities in crafting legislation that prioritises user needs, enhances service quality, and creates a positive commuting experience. Furthermore, this study discusses managerial implications for transport authorities and policymakers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Business travel often introduces stressors due to heavy workloads and the disruption of personal routines. As a stress‐coping strategy, different types of leisure can be integrated into business travel to promote travelers' overall travel satisfaction. However, the traditional belief that more physically active leisure is always better may not hold true for business travelers; their constrained schedules and potential conflicts with employers may limit the feasibility of such activities. Using an exploratory sequential design, this study first employed semi‐structured interviews to identify four preferred leisure types among business travelers. Subsequently, an online survey showed the effectiveness of cultural/natural attractions and social leisure activities in reducing travel stress while boosting satisfaction, aligning with business travelers' primary motives. This finding supports the arousal theory, emphasizing varying desires for arousal based on the specific circumstances of travelers. This study can also contribute to the enhancement of business travelers' travel competency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A significant connection exists between mental health, particularly depression, and travel. This study aims to explore the relationship between travel satisfaction, perception of the streetscape, and depression by comparing non-older adults and older adults. Subjective well-being serves as a concept for measuring mental health derived from travel satisfaction and perception of the streetscape across age groups. Additionally, the Geriatric Depression Scale (15-item GDS) was employed to specifically assess depression. The survey was conducted among respondents residing in the Bangkok Metropolitan Region (BMR) with a sample size of 3600 which is segmented into three age groups for the study model: early adulthood (18–34 years), middle adulthood (35–59 years), and later maturity (60 years and above). Multiple regression analysis was employed to investigate the relationship between travel satisfaction, perception of the streetscape, and mental health. The results suggest that both travel satisfaction and perception of the streetscape have a statistically significant impact on mental health, particularly in relation to depression. Additionally, the analysis highlights variations in stressors among different age cohorts. Particularly noteworthy is the finding that ease of access to the city center and openness of the streetscape emerged as statistically significant factors influencing depression within the later maturity age group. Conclusively, the study reveals the variations in stressors across diverse age cohorts, highlighting the imperative for tailored interventions to mitigate mental health concerns throughout different life stages. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Shared electric vehicles (SEVs) are an emerging mode of transportation that offers advantages in environmental protection. It is unclear what role travel satisfaction plays in operations. User's feedback is an important factor to the future development of SEVs. How to accurately collect user's feedback and predictions is the focus of attention. In this paper, we innovatively used sentiment analysis to construct the travel satisfaction index based on text data from the largest social network platforms in China. In addition, we used a vector autoregression model to analyse and confirm that users' trip satisfaction is an important factor influencing subsequent use of SEVs. A large-scale data set of travel records combined with point of interest information of SEVs that covered 1.64 million records of 3,100 vehicles. The results showed that low rates of satisfaction of SEVs are attributed to the fault rate of vehicles and poor services. Arranging SEV services around restaurants and commercial areas will result in higher user's satisfaction. Moreover, an increase in user's satisfaction will increase the usage frequency of SEVs in future trips. An increase in satisfaction will reduce rental times of returning users in the short term, but it has no effect on travel distance. • Identified the aspects of travel satisfaction with the Attributional Theory of Motivation and Emotion. • Constructed the travel satisfaction of SEVs based on text mining and sentiment analysis. • The SEV related comments from Internet were taken to reflect the user's emotional expression. • The real-time monitoring driving data was combined with Internet comment data and point of interest information (POI) data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper investigates heterogeneity in the relationship between different life domain satisfactions including travel satisfaction and overall life satisfaction using data collected in Xi'an, China. A latent class structural equation model of the relationship between life domain satisfaction and overall life satisfaction is estimated to identify heterogeneous segments of respondents, controlling for the effects of socio-demographic characteristics, personality traits and typical commuting time on the latent variables. The results indicate that the segments differ in the weight attached to the different life domains. Interestingly, the direct effect of travel satisfaction on overall life satisfaction is not significant in the identified classes, but indirect effect of travel satisfaction on overall life satisfaction through other life domains is significant. It emphasizes the critical importance of estimating a more comprehensive model of life satisfaction when assessing the role of travel satisfaction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

IntroductionTravel satisfaction as experienced by rural residents is closely related to personal physical and mental health, as well as rural economic conditions. An improved rural road environment can be expected to enhance villagers’ satisfaction with regards to visits to markets, but to date this has not been established empirically.MethodsIn this study, a questionnaire was designed to obtain local residents’ evaluations of road environment characteristics for periodic market travel. And we use an Oprobit regression model and Importance-Performance Map Analysis (IPMA) to explore the heterogeneity of the 14 key elements of the “home-to-market” road environment impact on villagers’ satisfaction under different modes of travel.ResultsThe results of the study reveal that villagers expressed dissatisfaction with the current lack of sidewalks and non-motorized paths, and except for road traffic disturbances and road deterioration, which did not significantly affect mode of travel, other factors proved significant. Significantly, bus services are associated with a significant positive effect on walking, non-motorized and bus travel satisfaction, while distance travel also affects walking, non-motorized and motorized travel satisfaction. It is worth noting that greening and service facilities negatively affect motorized travel satisfaction. In summary, road width, sidewalks, bus service, and road deterioration, are among the elements most in need of urgent improvement for all modes of travel.DiscussionThe characteristics of the road environment that influence satisfaction with travel to the periodic market vary by travel mode, and this study is hoped to provide data support and optimization recommendations for the improvement of the rural road environment in China and other countries.

This study examined how LGBTQ tourists' perceptions of residents' feelings about them affect their travel satisfaction and intention to revisit a destination. This study applied the theory of emotional solidarity to measure Chinese LGBTQ tourists' perceptions of Vietnamese residents in their welcoming nature, emotional closeness, and sympathetic understanding of the LGBTQ community. A survey of 217 Chinese LGBTQ tourists in Vietnam was conducted and the results showed that sympathetic understanding was the major source of travel satisfaction. However, emotional closeness influenced LGBTQ tourists' revisit intention more. In addition, extraversion positively moderated the effect of welcoming nature on travel satisfaction and revisit intention. Comparing the results of this study with previous studies showed that the feelings of emotional solidarity driving LGBTQ tourists and non-LGBTQ tourists to revisit a destination are different. LGBTQ tourists are looking for local people to move closer to them, not just welcome them. This study contributes to LGBTQ tourism research by assessing social factors in terms of emotional solidarity that influence LGBTQ tourists' attitudes and behaviours. It widens the scope of the theory of emotional solidarity and enriches our knowledge of LGBTQ tourism in Asia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Transport policymakers need to have an in-depth understanding of public transport (PT) customers in order to effectively manage transport systems and maintain the attractiveness of these systems to potential users. This research aims to compare the perceptions and satisfaction levels of two groups of PT users (habitual and occasional) among university staff and students regarding the quality of PT through a new integrated approach. A sample of 500 participants from Budapest, Hungary was used. Two stages of analysis were conducted: a descriptive analysis was conducted in the first stage, and Student's t-tests of two independent samples were applied to identify the varying perceptions and overall satisfaction. Second, a new integrated ordered probit model (OPM) and an importance–performance analysis (IPA) were used to envisage how best to prioritize actions for transport enhancement. The results show that in the circle of commuters, the habitual PT users were more satisfied with the existing PT service than the occasional PT users. According to the findings of the IPA, for habitual users, the attribute "information provided" has a high priority for improvement, whereas the cost for both user types was found to be significant for all models, contributing to overall satisfaction. This factor was included in the possible overkill quadrant, suggesting that there might be more cost resources than needed. The new model, along with the case study results, may help policymakers and transport operators to make better decisions regarding the identification of service priority areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study investigates how infrastructure perception, travel satisfaction and pro-environmental attitudes influence the motivations for choosing cycling as a mode of transport. The effects of demographic variables and mobility habits are also taken into account. Data are collected via a survey with cyclists living in Milan and the surrounding areas. The survey comprises a first set of items to explore the cyclists' transportation habits and three self-assessment questionnaires: The Neighbourhood Environment Walkability Scale (NEWS)—A Short Form, The Satisfaction with Travel Scale (STS) and the Environmental Attitudes Inventory (EAI). A series of different multiple linear regression analyses and mediation models are conducted. The findings suggest that the frequency of cycling may be explained based on several factors. Males report cycling more frequently, younger adults report lower frequencies of bicycle use and the urban setting is more significantly related to bicycle use. Moreover, the results highlight the significant positive role of the perception of neighbourhoods (especially those with an easy access to non-residential areas) and of pro-environmental attitudes (especially of personal conservation behaviour) in promoting the frequency of bicycling, with the mediation effect of the variable 'purpose of bicycle use' (for leisure or to reach a destination) as well. Based on these findings, policymakers should focus on tailored strategies to promote cycling in different users. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recent years have seen a considerable shift in the focus of public investment agencies from extensive roadway networks to a more planned approach that meets environmental, cost, and social dimensions more aptly. Past research has mainly explored the engineering aspect and cost parameters, while the human or social component is often neglected. This study aims to identify the trip-making behaviour of residents in an urban area towards bus transport network enhancement. Abu Dhabi, the location of study, is heavily dependent upon car travel, creating much congestion, which the local government seeks to address by enhanced public transport. This work examined eight public-transport routes in two zones, with data collected on both weekdays (n = 751) and weekends (n = 769). Multinomial logistic regression models showed that respondents highlighted overcrowded buses and traffic congestion as two of the main hurdles pertinent to urban routes in the bus network influencing their mode choice. Proposals pertinent to the local authority for further consideration need to factor in current low satisfaction with bus transit network coverage, low satisfaction with the quality of bus rides, inhibiting a mode shift from cars/taxis towards buses, cumulative income profiles of public-transport users, with findings that the low-income bracket is already at saturation, and that reducing congestion needs innovative (sociodynamic rather than technical road network) public-transport solutions.

Abstract The current paper focuses on a comparative analysis of both public transport (PT) and private vehicle (PV) users’ perceptions on the quality of the service. To detect the key components of PT attributes a new hybrid methodology is applied, combining the importance-performance analysis and the importance-performance map analysis. The proposed hybrid approach is simpler and more integrated than the existing methods in the literature. The sample comprises an online panel and a total of 1028 questionnaires for PV and PT users surveyed during the pandemic period in Budapest. The results of the applied methods show that among the different groups, the service hour, the proximity, and the frequency attributes are important and performed well in the years of COVID-19. On the other hand, the temperature and the cleanliness factors are not significant predictors of the PV and PT users’ general satisfaction. The obtained results can be used by local governments and authorities, who seek to identify areas to enhance the service quality of PT during movement restrictions in a pandemic wave.

Despite the Covid-19 pandemic, business travel spending is expected to reach two-thirds of the pre-pandemic levels in 2022. Therefore, travel policies remain essential for reducing travel expenses and managing traveller behaviour. A significant challenge for a company is to ensure compliance with its travel policy. This study uses the equity theory and person-organization fit model to understand non-compliance with travel policies. Two hundred and five responses were collected from corporate travellers employed in South Africa via an online survey. The results revealed that work values and perceived organizational injustice could influence corporate travel policy compliance. This study is the first to investigate the influence of work values, travel satisfaction, and organizational injustice on unethical decision-making and behaviour in a corporate travel context. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recent years have seen a considerable shift in the focus of public investment agencies from extensive roadway networks to a more planned approach that meets environmental, cost, and social dimensions more aptly. Past research has mainly explored the engineering aspect and cost parameters, while the human or social component is often neglected. This study aims to identify the trip-making behaviour of residents in an urban area towards bus transport network enhancement. Abu Dhabi, the location of study, is heavily dependent upon car travel, creating much congestion, which the local government seeks to address by enhanced public transport. This work examined eight public-transport routes in two zones, with data collected on both weekdays (n = 751) and weekends (n = 769). Multinomial logistic regression models showed that respondents highlighted overcrowded buses and traffic congestion as two of the main hurdles pertinent to urban routes in the bus network influencing their mode choice. Proposals pertinent to the local authority for further consideration need to factor in current low satisfaction with bus transit network coverage, low satisfaction with the quality of bus rides, inhibiting a mode shift from cars/taxis towards buses, cumulative income profiles of public-transport users, with findings that the low-income bracket is already at saturation, and that reducing congestion needs innovative (sociodynamic rather than technical road network) public-transport solutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Presents a measurement scale for long-distance recreational travel satisfaction. • Evaluation of long-distance recreational travel varies from commute travel. • Travel-based activities impact long-distance travel satisfaction. • Manual driving enjoyment improves the satisfaction of long-distance travel. The study of long-distance recreational travel is limited, despite its importance in both travel behavior and tourism literature. To aid the literature, this study validates the existing satisfaction with travel scale (STS)—which has been mostly used and validated for commute and daily travel—and investigates the factors affecting travel satisfaction. The data was collected from a questionnaire survey of visitors to US national parks conducted in the Summer of 2022, and a structural equation modeling framework was used for analyses. Confirmatory factor analysis suggested a three-factor structure with two affect-related factors—positive deactivation and positive activation—and a third factor (cognitive evaluation) related to valence and cognitive assessment of travel experience. The proposed measurement scale for long-distance recreational travel satisfaction could be used by tourism studies to investigate the interrelationships between travel satisfaction and tourism satisfaction, which could offer ways to increase the sustainability of tourism destinations. Structural equation model results show that socio-demographics, general travel attributes, trip-specific characteristics, travel-based activities, travel time perception, and attitudes are directly related to travel satisfaction. In addition to these direct effects, socio-demographic and general travel attributes are related to travel satisfaction indirectly through attitudinal characteristics (driving enjoyment and polychronicity). This investigation revealed a few differences in commute and long-distance travel behaviors: mostly the impacts of age, income, and travel duration on travel satisfaction. Based on the study results, it is also speculated that future autonomous vehicles would be a favorable choice for long-distance recreational travelers only if the option of manual driving is possible in those vehicles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Travel satisfaction increased for undirected trips during the pandemic. • Undirected travel duration and frequency decreased during the pandemic. • Participation in undirected travel might encourage future participation. • Those living in small spaces and with others might benefit from undirected travel. The COVID-19 pandemic illustrated that undirected travel (UT), or trips taken for their own sake, can partly compensate for a reduction in destination-based trips due to governmental regulations. Consequently, UT (in general, but particularly during the pandemic) may be especially satisfying and therefore important to subjective well-being. However, through the course of the pandemic, changes in UT were anticipated as individuals adapted to a 'new normal'. This research – conducted in Flanders, Belgium – first investigates whether the characteristics of and satisfaction with UT persisted after one year into the pandemic (April 2020 to May 2021) using longitudinal panel data from two waves (n = 332). Results of paired sample t-tests indicate that UT satisfaction increased though duration of trips decreased, and results of the Sign test indicate that the frequency of UT generally decreased. Second, this research investigates characteristics of individuals with different UT behavior. Six profiles of UT behavior were identified based on starting or stopping UT, increasing or decreasing UT, maintaining UT frequency, or not participating in UT. Chi2 tests identified differences among profiles based on wave 1 UT frequency, most recent trip mode, socio-demographic, and household characteristics. Results indicate that participation in UT might motivate future UT, one to three UT trips per week is a maintainable frequency, UT might be important to those with smaller living spaces and those living with children or other adults, and suggest that attention should be paid to mobility equity, including how and for whom systems are planned. These findings are important to understanding the effects of long-term governmental regulations in response to the COVID-19 pandemic on travel behavior, and how investigating UT might help to challenge and reimagine traditional mobility systems post-pandemic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The current paper focuses on a comparative analysis of both public transport (PT) and private vehicle (PV) users' perceptions on the quality of the service. To detect the key components of PT attributes a new hybrid methodology is applied, combining the importance-performance analysis and the importance-performance map analysis. The proposed hybrid approach is simpler and more integrated than the existing methods in the literature. The sample comprises an online panel and a total of 1028 questionnaires for PV and PT users surveyed during the pandemic period in Budapest. The results of the applied methods show that among the different groups, the service hour, the proximity, and the frequency attributes are important and performed well in the years of COVID-19. On the other hand, the temperature and the cleanliness factors are not significant predictors of the PV and PT users' general satisfaction. The obtained results can be used by local governments and authorities, who seek to identify areas to enhance the service quality of PT during movement restrictions in a pandemic wave. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tourists deal with two intrinsic, uncertainty-driven attributes of travel, tourist worries and novelty seeking, that simultaneously affect their transaction and travel experience satisfaction. Rapid technological advances coupled with uncertainties caused by momentous events such as COVID-19 highlight the increasing significance of smart technologies in the tourism industry. This study explores the relationships between novelty and worries and travel satisfaction, as well as examines how tourists enhance their quality of trips with the use of smart tourism technologies. We find the tourists' novelty seeking would enhance the trip experience, leading to overall travel satisfaction. In contrast, tourist worries, particularly in trip planning, would negatively affect tourists' transaction satisfaction, which in turn impacts the overall travel experience satisfaction. As a moderator in its ambidextrous role, smart tourism technologies help tourists to develop a sense of novelty when planning and visiting a destination and mitigate the worries emanated from the uncertainty of transaction made during the pre-trip planning. Insights and implications of such findings are discussed for both theory and practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The contributions of the access and egress portions of public transport trips to overall travel satisfaction merit more attention. This study collected responses from intercepted regular urban rail travelers at three metro stations with distinct built-form and land-use characteristics. Local conditions of access on foot, by bicycle, or on a bus were evaluated retrospectively on a five-point satisfaction scale and compared with an independent survey of the same access routes. Three-factor theory and dummy variable regression methods were used to identify the factor structure of environmental attributes under different access means. In the results, access and egress satisfaction were more important than metro trip satisfaction in overall trip satisfaction for walking and cycling modes. Access distance was not significant for walking and marginally negative for cycling satisfaction. For pedestrians, street connectivity, pathway directness, shade, greenery, and crossing safety were all significant (p < 0.05), explaining 51% of the variance in expressed satisfaction. For bicyclists, directness, distance, service, and parking facilities were significant in satisfaction, accounting for 62% of variance. In the bus access model, we found that bus stop location is very important, with passengers also very concerned about the walk experience to the bus stop. Satisfaction with access and egress environments is important in overall satisfaction with travel by public transport. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to determine Girlfriend Getaway (GGA) travel experiences and their effects on travel satisfaction and revisit intention. It derives five dimensions of the GGA travel experience (happiness, escapism, personal enrichment, leisureliness, and sense of connection) from the literature. The results of 278 female travellers in Macao indicate that all dimensions significantly affect satisfaction, whereas happiness, leisureliness, and sense of connection significantly affect revisit intention. Happiness has the greatest effect on the revisit intention, while sense of connection has the greatest effect on satisfaction. This study contributes to GGA research by determining the dimensions of the GGA travel experience. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Transport service provision in many urban areas is dominated by car users, resulting in several traffic externality issues (e.g., noise, pollution, accidents). This paper investigates the perception and satisfaction of private vehicle (PV) users, including micro-mobility users, during their commute by car in an Eastern European country context. The study used empirical data from a sample of 500 commuters in Budapest, Hungary, between October and November 2020. To achieve a deeper understanding of the motivation and explore the perception of PV users towards using sustainable transport services. For analysis in this study, descriptive statistics and segmentation techniques were applied. The key findings indicate that PV users can be attracted to using sustainable transport by designing the travel service quality to provide the level of service desired by customers. Moreover, the majority (73%) of PV commuters were satisfied or very satisfied with the quality attributes of the car service, assessed on a scale of 1 to 5; at the same time, PV users agreed that using public transport helps towards improving the environment and serves to reduce problems derived from traffic. In addition, various elements influence transport choice; for example, results from ordered logit models (OLMs) indicate that security, relaxation, flexibility and comfort are the main significant attributes influencing PV users’ overall satisfaction with cars. The results suggest the necessity for a segmentation technique in the analysis of travel attitudes and satisfaction aimed at reducing the frequency of existing car use to enhance sustainable transportation.

The aims of the present study are as follows: a) to explore the factors which are imperative to measure the service quality of the MRT Jakarta; b) to construct a detailed satisfaction model to measure the effects of service quality and the perceived accessibility as mediating variable on overall satisfaction with travel of MRT Jakarta. The 24 variables were tested with SEM method using R Studio. It is applied to define a causal model between each of variables. Furthermore, to evaluate the qualitative data, the thematic analysis is also applied. Based on the study results, the satisfaction with travel would increase if perceived accessibility is increasing by service quality. The increase of perceived accessibility will make the users more accessible and easier to live their lives, leading to satisfaction with travel. The qualitative data processed with thematic analysis showed the most frequency quality concerned in MRT Jakarta is SS1 (Presence of Guard) and SS2 (Risk of Interference with Other Passengers). The service quality affects perceived accessibility and travel satisfaction. Likewise, perceived accessibility affects travel satisfaction. Also, it is supported by the thematic analysis from qualitative data, which compared by passengers’ input about MRT Jakarta in COVID-19 Pandemic.

[Display omitted] This study investigates the influence of fellow passenger interactions on travel satisfaction and wellbeing among commuters with disabilities (CWD) in a developing country. Employing qualitative methods such as ethnography and interviews, it explores the challenges CWD faces in public transport. In addition to building on previous studies regarding interaction on public transport, the study introduces the concept of Commuter-to-Commuter interaction. This study unveils the impact of fellow passengers on travel experiences and categorises interactions as positive, neutral, or negative, elucidating key features of this dynamic. Understanding these interactions is pivotal for developing interventions aimed at improving transportation accessibility. Unlike previous studies focusing on religion, race, gender, and age, this research addresses a gap by focusing on disabilities. Enhancing comprehension of inclusion dynamics informs policies for more equitable transportation systems, ultimately contributing to a supportive and accommodating environments for all commuters, including those with disabilities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examined the extent to which residential dissonance affected changes in travel satisfaction before and during the pandemic. We conducted a gender-specific analysis using data from 540 spouses in 270 households in Greater Nagoya, Japan. The results showed that for women, the negative dissonance of accessibility and neighborhood socialization may deteriorate commute satisfaction, while the negative dissonance of car alternatives may decrease non-commute satisfaction. For men, the positive dissonance of aesthetics decreased non-commute satisfaction. Moreover, men who decreased car use reported a decrease in commute satisfaction. Men who cycled less frequently experienced a decrease in non-commute satisfaction, while women who cycled more frequently reported an increase in non-commute satisfaction. The findings suggest the importance of gender in travel satisfaction and suggest that intervention strategies should be tailored to address the needs of specific population subgroups, such as working women in dual-earner households. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Transport policymakers need to have an in-depth understanding of public transport (PT) customers in order to effectively manage transport systems and maintain the attractiveness of these systems to potential users. This research aims to compare the perceptions and satisfaction levels of two groups of PT users (habitual and occasional) among university staff and students regarding the quality of PT through a new integrated approach. A sample of 500 participants from Budapest, Hungary was used. Two stages of analysis were conducted: a descriptive analysis was conducted in the first stage, and Student’s t-tests of two independent samples were applied to identify the varying perceptions and overall satisfaction. Second, a new integrated ordered probit model (OPM) and an importance–performance analysis (IPA) were used to envisage how best to prioritize actions for transport enhancement. The results show that in the circle of commuters, the habitual PT users were more satisfied with the existing PT service than the occasional PT users. According to the findings of the IPA, for habitual users, the attribute “information provided” has a high priority for improvement, whereas the cost for both user types was found to be significant for all models, contributing to overall satisfaction. This factor was included in the possible overkill quadrant, suggesting that there might be more cost resources than needed. The new model, along with the case study results, may help policymakers and transport operators to make better decisions regarding the identification of service priority areas.

This study aims to link two closely related domains in literature – travel behavior and tourism. Travel behavior studies partly aim to improve travel satisfaction by exploring its relationships with overall and domain-specific life satisfaction. Tourism studies, on the other hand, focus on improving the attraction and sustainability of tourism destinations and often investigate the factors affecting destination satisfaction and revisit intention. The present study uncovers the interconnections between travel behavior and tourism by investigating the impacts of travel satisfaction on destination satisfaction and revisit intention. An online survey of 696 visitors to national parks in the US conducted in the Summer of 2022 was analyzed using a structural equation modeling approach. Analysis results show that travel satisfaction has a direct impact on destination satisfaction and both direct and indirect (through destination satisfaction) impacts on revisit intention. Also, interestingly, results reveal that travel satisfaction has a stronger impact on revisit intention than destination satisfaction. These results offer an important implication to the tourism destination managers that investing in destination attributes alone might not be sufficient to attain the desired level of tourism for the destination. Thus, an area to be focused on is improving the satisfaction and experiences of travelers on the way to their destination. This could be achieved by investing in transportation infrastructures, networks, facilities, and services connecting major tourism destinations and city centers.

This study develops the Generalized Satisfaction with Travel Scale covering travelers' all-round emotional experience and cognitive evaluation. After checking the validity by factor analysis, the key influencing factors are extracted by optimal scale regression, and then the influence degree of key influencing factors is determined based on the Analytic Hierarchy Process. The reliability and validity of the developed Generalized Satisfaction with Travel Scale meet the requirements. The dynamic travel parameters (travel pattern, travel duration, etc.) (βs1 = 0.448) have the most important impact on generalized travel satisfaction, followed by the demographic information (age, occupation, etc.) (βs2 = 0.220) and static travel parameters (travel period, travel purpose, etc.) (βs3 = 0.178), whereas the main travel areas (residential area, work/study area) (βs4 = 0.154) have the weakest influence. This study aims at developing a Generalized Satisfaction with Travel Scale for Chinese travelers and exploring the influencing factors so as to provide an efficient travel experience survey mechanism for relevant departments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to better understand foreign residents' life satisfaction by exploring residents' AR technology adoption behavior (a combination of transportation applications' usefulness and ease of use) and travel involvement. Data were collected from 400 respondents randomly through a questionnaire-based survey. SPSS and AMOS were used to analyze and gather results. This study suggests overall life satisfaction as an operationalized dependent variable to measure a traveler's sense of satisfaction, a traveler's involvement, and AR adoption of necessary transportation apps is constructed as an independent variable. The model was proposed to explore the impacts of travel satisfaction on overall life satisfaction. The model focused on the role of traveling involvement when it is considered a first variable to explore the impact of travel satisfaction on the overall quality of life. Furthermore, AR technology adoption behavior is where people use traveling apps before and during traveling to fulfill travel needs, obtain details about locations, and make proper arrangements, as well as other facilities. Two significant roles of transportation apps and travelers' involvement in travel-satisfaction development and overall life satisfaction were found; variables had a positive effect on travel satisfaction and life satisfaction. The results also revealed that AR mobile travel applications with traveler involvement could help improve individual overseas residents' travel satisfaction; travel satisfaction provides more feelings of satisfaction with life in South Korea. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Previous studies have indicated that factors such as the built environment, attitudes and past behaviour can influence travel behaviour. However, the possible effect of travel satisfaction on travel mode choice remains underexplored, despite many studies focusing on travel satisfaction over the past years. It is likely that individuals experiencing satisfying trips with a certain travel mode will use this mode (more) frequently for future trips. In this study—using data from 984 students from Laval University, Canada—we analyse how satisfaction with public transport and the frequency of public transport use affect the intention to use public transport in later life stages. Our results indicate that public transport frequency, public transport satisfaction and the interaction between these two factors (i.e., the frequency of (dis)satisfying public transport trips) significantly affect people's intentions to use public transport in later life, although variations in effect sizes exist between different life stages. Making public transport more pleasant and increasing ridership of children and young adults (e.g., by giving them free public transport passes) may consequently result in a higher public transport frequency in later life stages. We argue that travel satisfaction can play an important role in the formation of habitual mode use, and that satisfying trips (if undertaken frequently) are likely to be repeated in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Transport service provision in many urban areas is dominated by car users, resulting in several traffic externality issues (e.g., noise, pollution, accidents). This paper investigates the perception and satisfaction of private vehicle (PV) users, including micro-mobility users, during their commute by car in an Eastern European country context. The study used empirical data from a sample of 500 commuters in Budapest, Hungary, between October and November 2020. To achieve a deeper understanding of the motivation and explore the perception of PV users towards using sustainable transport services. For analysis in this study, descriptive statistics and segmentation techniques were applied. The key findings indicate that PV users can be attracted to using sustainable transport by designing the travel service quality to provide the level of service desired by customers. Moreover, the majority (73%) of PV commuters were satisfied or very satisfied with the quality attributes of the car service, assessed on a scale of 1 to 5; at the same time, PV users agreed that using public transport helps towards improving the environment and serves to reduce problems derived from traffic. In addition, various elements influence transport choice; for example, results from ordered logit models (OLMs) indicate that security, relaxation, flexibility and comfort are the main significant attributes influencing PV users' overall satisfaction with cars. The results suggest the necessity for a segmentation technique in the analysis of travel attitudes and satisfaction aimed at reducing the frequency of existing car use to enhance sustainable transportation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• We shed light on the nonlinear associations between landscape configurations, walking access to transit services and travel satisfaction. • New evidence regarding the decision to walk to transit stations is quantified. • Our approach provides a basis for estimating landscape configurations at fine spatial scales. • Planners should prioritise locating transit systems closer to residential areas. Walking, as a form of active travel, has played a significant role in facilitating sustainable transport and the development of the built environment. A growing number of studies have examined the relationships between the built environment and active travel trips around transit stations. However, travellers' propensity to walk to transit stops and their travel satisfaction with doing so, particularly for first-mile trips, and its relationship with the built environment, in developing countries, have so far received little attention in the literature. Thus, this paper examines the nonlinear influences of landscape configurations, walking access to transit services and the interactions between them on travel satisfaction. Gradient boosting decision tree models are used to control for trip attributes and factors related to the built environment both in residential areas and business/commercial districts where a lot of transit stations are located. We combine street view data and individual survey data for the Beijing metropolitan area to document that improving walking access to transit services has significant effects on travel satisfaction. The results show that landscape configurations tend to have nonlinear associations with walking access to transit services as well as having pronounced interaction effects on travel satisfaction. The findings of this study demonstrate the importance of planning the spatial placement of stations to make them more convenient and improve people's travel satisfaction with first-mile journeys made on foot. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The rapid urbanization in China urges scholars to investigate the impacts of built environment on the level of travel satisfaction of rural residents to improve their quality of life and make planning exercises more human-centric. This study samples six villages out of the 25 top rural areas in Chengdu, Sichuan, China, as the research object and constructs a structural equation model to explore the direct and indirect impacts of the built environment on daily travel satisfaction of rural residents. The research finds that building density (0.609), road density (0.569), the number of accessible markets (0.314), and private car ownership (0.02) have significant positive impacts on travel satisfaction. Public transport (−0.063) has a direct negative impact on travel satisfaction. Consequently, in order to further improve travel satisfaction, construction departments and rural planners should improve the building and road densities of new rural areas and increase the number of accessible markets. The convenience of rural public transport services also needs improvement.

Most studies on travel satisfaction assumed it as an outcome of travel choices. However, travel choices may also be affected by people's satisfaction with travel. Ignoring this potential reverse effect will lead to an biased understanding on the link between travel behavior and subjective wellbeing. This research examined the influence of travel satisfaction on travel behavior, using questionnaire survey data on shared micro-mobility services in three European cities in 2022. The research findings suggest that travel satisfaction can serve as both pull factors and push factors of travel mode choice. A high satisfaction with shared micro-mobility trips encourages people's future use of these services. A relatively low satisfaction with daily travel also prompts the non-users to try shared bikes/e-bikes as alternative transport modes. Our research provides direct evidence on the feedback effect of travel satisfaction on travel behavior. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Owning a car is not related to increased life satisfaction in Beijing. • However, owning more than one car weakly contributes to higher life satisfaction. • A more expensive car does not influence travel and life satisfaction. • Infrequent car use is related to higher travel and life satisfaction. • Attitudes towards cars confound the effect of car ownership and use on well-being among car owners. Promoting subjective well-being is an important goal in urban policy. Transportation scholars increasingly evaluate transportation systems based on people's subjective well-being. This study joins this strand of efforts to answer the following research question: how do constrained car ownership and car use influence travel and life satisfaction? Empirical data were collected in Beijing where various policies had been implemented to curb the rapid growth of car ownership and mitigate traffic congestion. We answer the question by examining the effects of car ownership and car usage variables on travel and life satisfaction. Our study shows that owning multiple cars increases vehicle users' life satisfaction, but owning a car is not related to increased life satisfaction. Purchasing a more expensive car and driving cars more frequently in daily life could not increase people's life satisfaction, but infrequent car use contributes to higher travel and life satisfaction. Among vehicle users, using cars to commute is related to higher travel satisfaction but not higher life satisfaction. In contrast, using cars for non-work trips is related to higher life satisfaction but not travel satisfaction. We also find that attitudes towards the instrumental and affective roles of cars are positively related to travel and life satisfaction among car owners. Results of this paper suggest the importance of promoting sustainable transportation and behavioral education in cities like Beijing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aims of the present study are as follows: a) to explore the factors which are imperative to measure the service quality of the MRT Jakarta; b) to construct a detailed satisfaction model to measure the effects of service quality and the perceived accessibility as mediating variable on overall satisfaction with travel of MRT Jakarta. The 24 variables were teste d with SEM method using R Studio. It is applied to define a causal model between each of variables. Furthermore, to evaluate the qualitative data, the thematic analysis is also applied. Based on the study results, the satisfaction with travel would increase if perceived accessibility is increasing by service quality. The increase of perceived accessibility will make the users more accessible and easier to live their lives, leading to satisfaction with travel. The qualitative data processed with thematic analysis showed the most frequency quality concerned in MRT Jakarta is SS1 (Presence of Guard) and SS2 (Risk of Interference with Other Passengers). The service quality affects perceived accessibility and travel satisfaction. Likewise, perceived accessibility affects travel satisfaction. Also, it is supported by the thematic analysis from qualitative data, wh ich compared by passengers’ input about MRT Jakarta in COVID-19 Pandemic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Transport-related residential self-selection indicates that people try to live in a neighbourhood in line with their travel preferences and needs. Although studies have found that travel attitudes are mostly aligned with urban form characteristics of the residential location, no studies have explored whether people are actually able to travel in their preferred way after having relocated. In this study we analyse whether individuals' travel patterns are consistent with their travel preferences following residential relocation and if this congruency affects their travel satisfaction. Results from 1650 recently relocated residents in the city of Ghent (Belgium) indicate that most respondents were able to change their travel behaviour in congruence with their travel attitudes. The study found that a decrease in travel duration, distance, car use, and public transport use, and an increase in walking and cycling increased travel satisfaction. This is particularly true when changes in travel behaviour interacted with travel attitudes. Results show that when walking and cycling levels change in line with travel attitudes, travel satisfaction increases strongly. However, the interaction between travel behaviour changes and travel attitudes does not always explain travel satisfaction (improvements). We found, for instance, that individuals with reduced travel durations, despite having a positive attitude towards travel in general, have high levels of travel satisfaction (improvements). The findings indicate that built environment interventions enabling a transport-related self-selection process have the potential to contribute to satisfying travel and thereby to improve subjective well-being of residents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Travel satisfaction as experienced by rural residents is closely related to personal physical and mental health, as well as rural economic conditions. An improved rural road environment can be expected to enhance villagers' satisfaction with regards to visits to markets, but to date this has not been established empirically., Methods: In this study, a questionnaire was designed to obtain local residents' evaluations of road environment characteristics for periodic market travel. And we use an Oprobit regression model and Importance-Performance Map Analysis (IPMA) to explore the heterogeneity of the 14 key elements of the "home-to-market" road environment impact on villagers' satisfaction under different modes of travel., Results: The results of the study reveal that villagers expressed dissatisfaction with the current lack of sidewalks and non-motorized paths, and except for road traffic disturbances and road deterioration, which did not significantly affect mode of travel, other factors proved significant. Significantly, bus services are associated with a significant positive effect on walking, non-motorized and bus travel satisfaction, while distance travel also affects walking, non-motorized and motorized travel satisfaction. It is worth noting that greening and service facilities negatively affect motorized travel satisfaction. In summary, road width, sidewalks, bus service, and road deterioration, are among the elements most in need of urgent improvement for all modes of travel., Discussion: The characteristics of the road environment that influence satisfaction with travel to the periodic market vary by travel mode, and this study is hoped to provide data support and optimization recommendations for the improvement of the rural road environment in China and other countries., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2024 Xu, Liang, Zhu, Li, Li, Martek and Ao.)

Research on travel satisfaction in terms of its determinants and in terms of its relationship with subjective well-being has not taken account of the effort in travelling. This paper explicitly considers the role of effort and its three constituent elements (physical, cognitive and affective) by analysing the way each interacts with travel satisfaction and subjective well-being. The context of the study is Greater Sydney, New South Wales, Australia where respondents answered an internet-based survey. The paper has two main objectives. First to explore the benefit or otherwise of including 'effort' in analyses of travel satisfaction: the analysis shows that including effort provides additional explanation. Second, to explore the bidirectional nature of the interaction between travel satisfaction and subjective well-being. The analysis suggests that the bottom-up approach to well-being whereby the link is from travel satisfaction to well-being is stronger. The paper concludes with some policy implications of how transport policy can reduce effort and thereby make sustainable travel more appealing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Temporary opportunities for studying and working abroad have been growing globally and intensifying the movement of highly skilled temporary populations. To attract this group, cities need to address their residential and mobility needs. This study focuses on factors influencing residential and travel satisfaction of transnational temporary residents, highlighting the occurrence of residential self-selection, its impacts on residential and travel choices and on derived levels of satisfaction. We have estimated a Bayesian Structural Equations Model and found that lower levels of residential satisfaction (residential dissonance) are associated with lower rents, living farther away from the place of study or work, and having higher transport expenditures. In contrast, higher levels of residential satisfaction (residential consonance) are related to individuals’ stronger preferences for active modes, lower levels of public transport use, and reduced transport monthly expenditures, which suggest shorter commuting distances. These findings reveal the tradeoffs involving residential location, monthly rent, and transport expenditures, highlighting that providing good public transport connections can reduce the burden of commuting distances. Our results indicate that better transport supply and land-use balance near the residence can improve both residential and travel satisfaction.

This study aimed to develop the destination consumption-customer attitude model to explain tourist travel satisfaction and revisit intention with the moderating effect of religious involvement. Data were collected using a survey questionnaire. Respondents of 392 tourists who visited four major Buddhist monasteries in Taiwan have been analysed, and research hypotheses were assessed by employing partial linear square structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM). The findings revealed that destination consumption has positive and significant effects on rational attitude and emotional attitude toward revisiting a destination, which further facilitates travel satisfaction and revisit intention. Furthermore, this study supported the moderating role of religious involvement on the influence of national and emotional attitude and travel satisfaction on revisit intention. The results emphasized that symbolic experiential and functional consumption of a certain religious destination will significantly influence the rational and emotional attitudes toward revisiting the same destination. These results suggested that destination marketer should design a tourist's destination consumption based on not only functional factors but also symbolic factors (such as self-concept, lifestyle, and destination) and experiential factors (such as entertainment, joy, pleasure, escape). Since the issues of destination consumption were still subject to further validation, this study provided an important reference for destination marketing to develop marketing strategies. The results were also valuable to provide as a theoretical base for further empirical validation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Stated preference surveys are typically used to derive lateness multipliers, defined as a trade-off between a minute of lateness and scheduled journey time. This study aims to use a novel in the context of lateness valuation dataset (i.e. responses from a survey on journey satisfaction) to apply it to the established methodologies. Travel satisfaction data from National Rail Passenger Survey in Great Britain is used to estimate the impacts of scheduled journey time and delay on passenger satisfaction. An ordered logit model with origin–destination pair fixed effects is estimated and lateness multipliers are subsequently derived. The estimated values are slightly larger than previously suggested, ranging from 4 to 9 for arrival delay (i.e. a minute of arrival delay is valued as an equivalent of 4–9 min of scheduled journey time) and 2 to 6 for departure delay. This study offers a degree of novelty in terms of the type of data used in the estimation process and highlights the potential of satisfaction surveys in economic valuation in transport. • Lateness multipliers define trade-off between a minute of delay and journey time. • Estimation based on journey satisfaction rather than stated preference data. • Derived lateness multipliers slightly larger than from the previous studies. • Lateness at arrival valued as between 4 and 9 min of scheduled journey time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Investigate the roles of travel captivity and transport mode dissonance in travel satisfaction. • Travel captivity, travel dissonance are positively associated for car commuters • Travel captivity is found to negatively impact transit commuters' travel satisfaction. • Captive transit commuters are more tolerant to transport mode dissonance than choice ones. • Captive car commuters are more sensitive to transport mode dissonance than choice ones. Despite the increasing studies examining the determinants of travel satisfaction, the role of individuals' transport mobility (i.e., access to different mobility tools) in travel satisfaction has not received much research attention. Previous travel satisfaction studies mostly consider travel as a free choice. However, travel satisfaction may also depend on the availability of travel options, which is supposed to be limited especially for captive travelers. Such travel captivity may affect the perception of travel either directly by shaping the expectations and feelings in travel, or indirectly via the resulted travel mode consonance/dissonance. It may also influence people's sensitivity to travel features by determining one's travel experiences, which serve as reference points in travel evaluation. This paper aims to identify the role of mobility in travel satisfaction by investigating both the independent and joint effects of travel captivity and travel mode dissonance on travel satisfaction using data from a household travel survey conducted in 2018 in Shanghai, China. Descriptive analyses show that travel captivity and travel dissonance are positively associated for car commuters, but not transit commuters. We then develop linear regression models and find that travel captivity has a negative effect on transit commuters' travel satisfaction, but no or positive impact on that of car commuters. Besides, captive transit commuters are more tolerant to travel mode dissonance when rating travel satisfaction, while the opposite holds true for car commuters. The research findings highlight the importance of mobility in travel satisfaction and provide support to the development of multimodal transport systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]