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Copyright of Revista Española de Cardiología (18855857) is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Foco (Interdisciplinary Studies Journal) is the property of Revista Foco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Contexto: el hipotiroidismo subclínico se define como el hallazgo de un nivel de tirotropina por encima del límite superior del rango de referencia del laboratorio, asociado a valores de tiroxina libre y triyodotironina total normales, sin manifestaciones clínicas francas de hipofunción tiroidea. En niños y adolescentes, la terapia farmacológica en el hipotiroidismo subclínico leve no tiene indicaciones bien establecidas. Objetivo: resaltar los criterios etiológicos, clínicos y bioquímicos que pueden favorecer la decisión del tratamiento con levotiroxina en hipotiroidismo subclínico en pediatría. Metodología: mediante la revisión de la literatura, se buscó evidencia sobre hipotiroidismo subclínico en menores de 18 años y las consideraciones para el uso de suplencia de levotiroxina. Resultados: el hipotiroidismo subclínico en pediatría puede ser transitorio o evolucionar a hipotiroidismo manifiesto. La etiología más común de hipotiroidismo subclínico en pediatría es la autoinmune, sin embargo, en muchas ocasiones no se logra identificar la causa subyacente. Existen factores como el aumento progresivo de la tirotropina, la presencia de bocio o la autoinmunidad, que pueden indicar necesidad de suplencia de levotiroxina. Conclusiones: el manejo en casos de hipotiroidismo subclínico grave es claro, en casos leves (TSH menor de 10mUI/l) se deben explorar factores asociados para decidir el comienzo de levotiroxina.

Copyright of Alerta (San Salvador) - Revista Cientifica del Instituto Nacional de Salud is the property of Instituto Nacional de Salud and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introducción: la osteomielitis es una infección ósea, que afecta con frecuencia a pacientes en edades pediátricas, con comportamiento variado en dependencia de la vía de llegada al hueso, tipo de germen y respuesta del huésped. Objetivo: describir el comportamiento de un grupo de pacientes pediátricos con osteomielitis. Método: se realizó estudio observacional descriptivo en 39 pacientes atendidos en el Hospital Pediátrico Provincial “Dr. Eduardo Agramonte Piña” de la ciudad de Camagüey, en el periodo comprendido desde el primero de enero de 2018 al 31 de diciembre del año 2022, y un total de 60 meses con diagnóstico de osteomielitis. Resultados: de los 39 pacientes investigados predominó el sexo masculino sobre el femenino (2,2:1). La edad promedio fue de 9 años. El promedio de estadía hospitalaria fue de 14,8 días. Las zonas más afectadas fueron las manos, el fémur y tibia distal. Predominó el tratamiento quirúrgico (2,2:1) con relación al conservador. La vía hematógena de llegada al hueso fue la más frecuente en el 86,4 % de los casos. El paso a la cronicidad fue la complicación más encontrada (el 33 %). El germen aislado con mayor frecuencia fue el Staphylococcus aureus (en el 85 % de los enfermos). Los antimicrobianos más indicados fueron la cefazolina, amikacina y fosfocina. Conclusiones: los resultados obtenidos en la investigación aportan elementos importantes desde el punto de vista epidemiológico en pacientes pediátricos que sufren de osteomielitis, lo que permite implementar estrategias de diagnósticas y terapéuticas en este grupo de pacientes.

Copyright of Revista Foco (Interdisciplinary Studies Journal) is the property of Revista Foco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Foco (Interdisciplinary Studies Journal) is the property of Revista Foco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Negative & No Positive Results is the property of Research & Science S.L. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introducción. La dermatitis atópica, también conocida como eczema o eczema atópico, es un trastorno inflamatorio crónico de la piel caracterizado por la presencia de prurito acompañado de picor. En Colombia, la información epidemiológica y de utilización de recursos sanitarios sobre esta enfermedad es limitada. Objetivo. Describir las características epidemiológicas y los patrones de utilización de recursos sanitarios para la dermatitis atópica en Colombia. Material y métodos. Se trata de un estudio retrospectivo en el cual se utilizan datos de la práctica clínica real obtenidos del registro nacional SISPRO (Sistema de Información para la Protección Social) en el período 2015-2020. Se extrajeron datos sociodemográficos (incluida la edad y la prestación de servicios de salud), epidemiológicos (incluidos la incidencia, la prevalencia y las comorbilidades) y los correspondientes a la utilización de los recursos sanitarios. Resultados. Los resultados epidemiológicos han demostrado un aumento de la incidencia y prevalencia de la dermatitis atópica en Colombia en el periodo 2018- 2019, en comparación con el periodo 2015-2017. Aumentó el número de consultas médicas (particularmente, con especialistas) de pacientes con dermatitis atópica, el de procedimientos y el de hospitalizaciones. Los corticoides tópicos y sistémicos fueron los medicamentos más prescritos. Conclusiones. Los diagnósticos de dermatitis atópica en Colombia aumentaron con un incremento concomitante en la utilización de recursos sanitarios durante 2015-2020, que posiblemente se vio atenuado por la llegada del Covid-19. Este estudio puede ayudar a los médicos a tener un mejor conocimiento de la enfermedad y, por lo tanto, mejorar el tratamiento de los pacientes con dermatitis atópica.

Copyright of Avances en Odontoestomatologia is the property of Ediciones Avances SL and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM2) is a public health and socioeconomic problem, generating direct medical costs for its treatment. Objective: To analyze the cost-effectiveness of monotherapy and bitherapy treatments in patients with DM2. Material and methods: Cost-effectiveness, observational, ambispective, cross-sectional and analytical analysis of files in a first level medical unit. The data in the cost matrix was executed with the Office Excel 2010 program; the most prescribed drug was identified and compared with monotherapy and bitherapy. Results: The annual direct medical costs of the total population were drug cost $118,561.70MN, hospitalization cost $243,756.00MN, consultation cost $327,414.00MN and clinical trial cost $2416.79MN, obtaining an annual total of $692,148.58MN. metformin was the most indicated in monotherapy (88.4%) and as standard therapy it has higher cost-effectiveness compared to glibenclamide. In bitherapy it was metformin/glibenclamide (35.7%) versus the therapeutics of metformin/NPH insulin, metformin/insulin glargine and metformin/dapagliflozin, which had a better cost-effective result, with an incremental cost effectiveness of -$1,128,428.50MN, -$34,365.00 MN, -$119,848.97MN respectively. Conclusions: Metformin presented a better cost-effectiveness ratio in monotherapy, while in bitherapy it was the metformin/NPH insulin association. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Biomédica: Revista del Instituto Nacional de Salud is the property of Instituto Nacional de Salud of Colombia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Salud UIS is the property of Universidad Industrial de Santander and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Enfermagem Digital Cuidado e Promoção da Saúde is the property of Revista Enfermagem Digital Cuidado e Promocao da Saude and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction: Helicobacter pylori infection affects more than 50% of the world population. Increased antibiotic resistance is the main cause of treatment failure. The main objective was to analyze the eradication success after the application of the new ESPGHAN treatment recommendations and the introduction of PCR as a direct diagnosis technique, describe the evolution of the local pattern of antibiotic resistance, and assess the cost-effectiveness of PCR application, isolated or in conjunction with culture as a diagnostic strategy. Patients and methods: Retrospective descriptive study of all microbiological isolates of Helicobacter pylori in 2013–2019 in our center, by comparing the percentage of resistance and eradication success between the periods 2013−2016 and 2017−2019. Cost-effectiveness study of direct diagnostic tests, comparing 3 different options: culture and PCR; only culture; PCR only. Results: 192 patients were included, 98 were detected by culture (2013−2016) and 94 by culture and/or PCR (2017−2019). Antibiotic treatment was established in 153 patients, 90 in the first period (2011 ESPGHAN guidelines: eradication percentage 62.2%), 63 in the second (2017 ESPGHAN guidelines: eradication percentage: 73%). An increase in resistance to clarithromycin was observed, going from 16.3% (n = 16) in the first period, to 53.2% (n = 48) in 2017−2019 (98% detected by PCR, 60% by culture). There were no differences in the rest of antibiotic resistances. The isolated PCR application presented a cost-effectiveness analysis ratio (CEAR) of 71.91, compared to 92.16 for the culture and 96.35 for the culture and PCR combined. Conclusions: The application of the ESPGHAN 2017 guidelines achieved greater eradication success, although less than that observed in previous publications, without reaching the target of at least 90%. An increase in resistance to macrolides was observed, without being able to discriminate whether it is a real increase or a greater diagnostic sensitivity of molecular techniques, with the isolated request for PCR being the most cost-effective strategy. Resumen: Introducción: La infección por Helicobacter pylori afecta a más del 50% de la población mundial. El aumento en las resistencias antibióticas es la principal causa del fracaso del tratamiento. El objetivo principal fue analizar el éxito erradicador tras la aplicación de las nuevas recomendaciones de tratamiento ESPGHAN e introducción de la PCR como técnica de diagnóstico directo, describir la evolución del patrón local de resistencias antibióticas y valorar el coste-efectividad de la aplicación de la PCR aislada o en conjunto con el cultivo como estrategia diagnóstica. Pacientes y métodos: Estudio descriptivo retrospectivo del total de aislamientos microbiológicos de Helicobacter pylori entre 2013–2019 en nuestro centro, mediante comparación del porcentaje de resistencias y éxito erradicador entre los periodos 2013−2016 y 2017−2019. Estudio de coste-efectividad de las pruebas de diagnóstico directo, comparando 3 opciones distintas: cultivo y PCR; solo cultivo; solo PCR. Resultados: Se incluyeron 192 pacientes, 98 fueron detectados por cultivo (2013−2016) y 94 por cultivo y/o PCR (2017−2019). Se instauró tratamiento antibiótico en 153 pacientes, 90 en el primer periodo (pautas ESPGHAN 2011: porcentaje erradicación 62.2%), 63 en el segundo (pautas ESPGHAN 2017: porcentaje erradicación: 73%). Se observó un aumento en las resistencias a claritromicina, pasando de un 16.3% (n = 16) en el primer periodo, a un 53.2% (n = 48) entre 2017−2019 (98% detectadas por PCR, 60% por cultivo). No hubo diferencias en el resto de resistencias antibióticas. La solicitud aislada de la PCR presentó un ratio de análisis de coste-efectividad (CEAR) de 71.91, en comparación con un 92,16 del cultivo y un 96.35 del cultivo y la PCR de forma conjunta. Conclusiones: La aplicación de las pautas ESPGHAN 2017 consiguió un mayor éxito de erradicación, aunque menor que lo observado en publicaciones previas, sin llegar al objetivo marcado de al menos un 90%. Se observó un incremento en las resistencias a macrólidos, sin poder discriminar si se trata de un aumento real o de una mayor sensibilidad diagnóstica de las técnicas moleculares, siendo la solicitud aislada de la PCR la estrategia más coste efectiva.

Introducción: la anemia aplásica (AA) es una enfermedad poco frecuente, caracterizada por presentar una insuficiencia en la médula ósea y una pancitopenia, sin rastro de procesos mieloproliferativos o fibróticos. Objetivo: conocer los diversos tratamientos farmacológicos usados en la terapia inmunosupresora (IST) en la AA; adicionalmente, se profundizará en la respuesta de los pacientes frente a la IST y los mecanismos de acción de los fármacos utilizados. Metodología: se realizó una búsqueda sistemática en las bases de datos de literatura médica como PUBMED, British Medical Journal, New England Journal, entre otros. Se incluyeron artículos tanto en inglés como en español. Conclusiones: el manejo de la anemia aplásica continúa representando un reto para la medicina moderna; no obstante, se ha desarrollado un gran número de nuevas opciones terapéuticas para tratar a los pacientes.

Contexto: el consumo de medicamentos antidiabéticos ha aumentado mediante el incremento en el número de dispensaciones y el costo asociado a estos consumos. Objetivo: describir los cambios en las terapias farmacológicas y determinar las variaciones en el costo per cápita de medicamentos antidiabéticos en Colombia. Metodología: mediante la observación de una cohorte abierta de población en la que se comenzó la dispensación de medicamentos antidiabéticos en el periodo del 1 de junio del 2015 y el 30 de junio del 2017, con seguimiento hasta mayo del 2021 (dos años), se describieron las características sociodemográficas de la población y se analizaron las variaciones entre el tratamiento inicial y el final. Se realizaron comparaciones por sexo y régimen de afiliación y se utilizó el programa SPSS para el análisis descriptivo. Resultados: la cohorte analizada contó con 11?782 pacientes (56?% hombres), con una mayor concentración de población en el rango de 50 a 74 años (70?%). El costo por paciente encontrado al final del seguimiento fue de $108.271 pesos (colombianos), lo que indica que hubo un aumento considerable en el costo per cápita de $83.214 pesos durante el periodo de análisis. Conclusiones: los costos de tratamiento farmacológico de los pacientes diabéticos generan una alta carga económica al sistema de salud colombiano.

Despite the measures taken and the molecular advances for the development of new agents for the control of SARSCoV-2 infection, there is still insufficient development of an effective treatment. The objective of the review was to describe the clinical studies and reported articles on drugs used as possible therapeutic agents for COVID-19 and the main conclusions on their reuse. A non-systematic review through PubMed, ScienceDirect, and clinical trials at ClinicalTrials. gov on original articles and case report in English and Spanish that will report information on COVID-19 treatment and its main conclusions. Articles that were not relevant or that did not mention updated information to that reported in other articles were excluded. A total of 99 bibliographic references were included. COVID-19 appears as a multisystemic disease with variable clinical symptoms. Since no specific treatment is yet known, multiple drugs have been proposed that attack the different pathways of SARS-CoV-2. For severe disease in patients who require hospitalization and oxygen support, the use of remdesivir, dexamethasone, or tocilizumab is recommended if there are patient conditions that apply to use them. The use of ivermectin, colchicine, lopinavir/ritonavir, hydroxychloroquine, and chloroquine have not reported benefits that surpass adverse effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Attention deficit disorder with or without hyperactivity is a pathology prevalent during childhood that, until a few decades ago, was considered a neurobiological entity. However, subsequent research has pointed out the importance of family relationships in their clinical evolution. It has been explained that family factors in children with ADHD, are significant indicators of its persistence over time. For this reason, is very relevant to understand the role that families play in children with ADHD. Objective: to review the influence of family relationships on the evolution of ADHD. Method: the review is complemented with the presentation of a clinical case. Conclusion: if pharmacological therapy is compared with multimodal treatment, the latter presents better results. The following databases were used in the literature search: PubMed (MEDLINE), ClinicalKey (Elsevier), SpringerLink, Wiley Online Library, EBSCO Host, and UV Digital Library (Universidad de Valparaíso, Chile). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of RIIS: Revista de Investigação & Inovação em Saúde is the property of RIIS: Revista de Investigacao & Inovacao em Saude and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction: Few evidence on the use of antipsychotics in people with intellectual disabilities and challenging behaviors, generates the need to develop studies that contribute to collect, compare and synthesize the available information. The present systematic review and meta-analysis aims to determine the clinical efficacy of antipsychotic medication in reducing critical episodes in this population., Methods: We searched Web of Science, Scopus, EBSCO, Embase, and PubMed for randomized controlled trials of antipsychotic medication versus placebo. Preliminarily yielded 1354 abstracts and citations; six studies with 274 subjects met the inclusion criteria of studies with experimental design, longitudinal type, with pre- and post-intervention measurements., Results: There is evidence for the use of psychotropic drugs in the acute management of challenging behaviors in patients with intellectual disability (SMD=-0.85; 95% CI=-1.69 to -0.01; p=0.05)., Conclusions: Our results coincide with the recommendations on the efficacy of the use of antipsychotics. Although our study provides evidence, the limited number of studies included in this research does not allow us to obtain totally conclusive results, although it can be considered as a guide for future studies., (Copyright © 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier España S.L.U. All rights reserved.)

Introduction: A variety of drugs have been used throughout the COVID-19 pandemic, but the search trend during the period 2020-2021 is unknown. Objective: To determine the frequency and time trend in the search for drugs to combat COVID-19 in 5 South American countries. Methods: A secondary data analysis study was carried out, obtaining the information through the Google Trends platform, with the search for 4 drugs and 1 substance during the entire period of the pandemic. Descriptive results were obtained. Results: The term "paracetamol" had the highest search trend in April-May in Peru, maintaining high percentages to date in all five countries. For the term "hydroxychloroquine", the search reached 100% on 15 March 2020 in Brazil. For the search term "ivermectin", Peru reached 100% of searches with the appearance of the first case reports, Brazil reached 65% only in the fifth week. In the case of "azithromycin", there was a high search trend in Peru with a peak of 100% in April-May 2020. For "chlorine dioxide", the country with the highest search rate was Argentina, in August 2020 it reached 100%. Conclusions: Some of the drugs had a similar search trend during the beginning of the pandemic, such as paracetamol, but others followed different trends, decreasing in recent months.

Aim: To evaluate the incidence of polypharmacy in patients attended at home by the Programa Melhor em Casa Program. Material and methods: 28 medical records of patients attended by MemC in the city of Goiatuba-GO, from December 2020 to July 2021 were evaluated. The patient profile and the variables age, sex and medications used were evaluated. Results and discussion: the majority of patients were women, 64.3% (n=18) compared to 35.7% of men (n=10). During the study 5 patients died (17.24%). The mean age of the patients was 67.3 ± 19.0 years; of this total, 28.57% (n=8) were between 18 and 59 years old; and, the other 71.43% (n=20) were over 60 years old, characterizing them as elderly. The mean number of drugs used was 5.7±3.3 drugs/patient, being higher among elderly patients, 6.0±3.5. Conclusion: The exacerbated use of drugs can lead to the appearance of adverse reactions that can sometimes be confused with new symptoms. Pharmacological therapy should not be the only alternative for the patient, but should be associated with nutritional, physical and psychological support. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Saúde Coletiva is the property of MPM Comunicacao and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Arquivos de Ciências da Saúde da UNIPAR is the property of Associacao Paranaense de Ensino e Cultura and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective: To determine the diagnosis and therapeutic management of odontogenic infections in patients treated in a Peruvian hospital. Materials and methods: The study was descriptive, retrospective and cross-sectional, non-probabilistic sampling for convenience. A total of 4968 operative reports were collected, from which 142 medical records that met the inclusion criteria were reviewed: medical records of patients who received treatment in the oral and maxillofacial surgery service of the Hipólito Unanue National Hospital (HNHU), and who had a diagnosis of odontogenic infection. The exclusion criteria were: medical records with incomplete information, with diagnoses of infections of non-odontogenic origin, with a diagnosis of dentoalveolar or facial trauma. Results: Of the total medical records that are part of the investigation, the age was most frequently between 26 and 44 years and 58.45% were female. The most prevalent diagnosis was abscess (60.56%) and cellulitis (26.76%). The most frequently used surgical procedure was drainage/extraction (33.80%) followed by extraction (27.46%). Regarding the pharmacological treatment, the most used was the bactericide (61.97%). Conclusions: It is concluded that the most prevalent diagnosis was abscess and cellulitis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista de la ALAD is the property of Publicidad Permanyer SLU and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Los Coronaviridae son una familia de virus ARN que han afectado, a lo largo de la historia, a mamíferos y aves. Estos patógenos, conocidos y estudiados por varias décadas, también han sido los responsables de infecciones que usualmente se presentan en el tracto respiratorio en humanos. Su más reciente variante SARSCoV-2, fue identificada a finales del año 2019 en la ciudad china de Wuhan donde el virus fue identificado como el causante de múltiples neumonías severas en la población (1). Dicho brote tuvo una extensión que superó las expectativas, creando el hito más grande del siglo XXI. El 11 de marzo de 2020 el virus fue declarado pandemia, su transmisión de forma directa de persona a persona jugó un papel muy importante en el rápido esparcimiento de este nuevo coronavirus. Su gran abanico de presentación clínica, que parte desde formas completamente asintomáticas hasta llegar a infecciones de tracto respiratorio más graves e incluso mortales, jamás antes vistas (2), se convirtió en un reto social, político y médico. The Coronaviridae are a family of RNA viruses that have affected mammals and birds throughout history. These pathogens, known and studied for several decades, have also been responsible for infections that usually occur in the respiratory tract in humans. Its most recent variant SARS-CoV-2, was identified at the end of 2019 in the Chinese city of Wuhan where the virus was identified as the cause of multiple severe pneumonia in the population (1). This outbreak had an extension that exceeded expectations, creating the largest milestone of the 21st century. On March 11, 2020, the virus was declared a pandemic, its direct transmission from person to person played a very important role in the rapid spread of this new coronavirus. Its wide range of clinical presentation, ranging from completely asymptomatic forms to reaching more serious and even fatal respiratory tract infections, never seen before (2), became a social, political and medical challenge.

Copyright of CES Medicina is the property of Universidad CES and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Kranion is the property of Publicidad Permanyer SLU and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista de la ALAD is the property of Publicidad Permanyer SLU and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This Consensus comes to light in the midst of one of the worst global health crises in the last 100 years. SARS-CoV-2 and its clinical manifestation, COVID-19, have caused a disruption in how doctors and patients interact. Although it is an infectious disease, one of the most notable characteristics is that its mortality increases in patients with chronic non-communicable diseases and, in particular, with a history of diabetes and cardiovascular disease. In this context, then, we believe that the recommendations made in this document, which aim to identify and protect these patients, become more relevant, while the implementation, beyond the statements, of specific cardiometabolic prevention policies becomes a priority.

Objective. To estimate the increase of drug treatment costs associated with predictive factors of hypertensive patients in family medicine units. Materials and methods. A generalized linear model was employed to estimate costs with data from a microcosting costing study for a 1-year time horizon. Sources of dada were medical electronic files, pharmacy records and unitary prices updated to 2019. Results. From a total of 864 patients older than 65 years were 67% and women 65%. Factors with most influence on mean drug treatment costs were diabetes, age and complications associated with hypertension. Mean annual cost of antihypertensive treatment was 61 dollars (CI95% 55,67) and median were 32 dollars (IQR 30,35) per patient. Incremental costs for diabetes were 23 dollars (CI95% 13,33) and 10 dollars (CI95% 8.3,12) in the group of ≥ 65 years. Conclusion. Diabetes, age and complications were the factors with largest influence on hypertension pharmacological costs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Saúde Coletiva is the property of MPM Comunicacao and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Identificar conocimientos y prácticas del personal de salud respecto al uso de medicamentos en vías y condiciones diferentes a las establecidas en la ficha técnica. Método: Estudio cuantitativo de tipo descriptivo y corte transversal en dos fases: la primera consistió en una revisión de la literatura en donde se incluyeron de forma inicial 82 artículos, de los cuales ocho fueron elegidos para la revisión; la segunda fase estuvo conformada por 31 participantes que trabajaban en Instituciones de Salud; fueron seleccionados de forma no probabilista secuencial, a quienes se les aplicó un cuestionario, para identificar conocimientos y prácticas desarrolladas, el cual fue evaluado por 3 profesores expertos en la temática; también se realizó una prueba piloto. Resultados: La revisión de la literatura fue referente para la construcción del instrumento. En la segunda fase el 87% de los participantes no conocían el concepto off label, el 65% fueron profesionales de la enfermería que describieron su experiencia como una práctica que no se podría considerar como off label por la falta de soporte científico. Los medicamentos antiinfecciosos, antifúngicos, analgésicos y electrolitos, fueron los grupos de mayor utilización. La principal modificación fue en el cambio de la vía de administración, seguido de la indicación y el 71% de las prácticas no fue descrita en los registros clínicos. Conclusiones: Existe limitada evidencia que soporte el uso de medicamentos en vías y condiciones no establecidos en la ficha técnica; no existe una definición clara y común, presentándose un desconocimiento en los profesionales de la salud.

The high incidence of obesity in our environment, the progressive and recurrent nature of this disease makes it necessary to know and use all the possibilities of prevention and treatment. When a person suffers from obesity we must offer a treatment plan with specific objectives that will include healthy eating, physical activity and, if necessary, treatment with medication or even surgery. At present in Spain, there are 3 medications available: New molecules will soon be marketed that will expand the treatment possibilities, which will also be reviewed in this article., (Copyright © 2024. Publicado por Elsevier España S.L.U.)

The objective was to discuss the social representations elaborated by hypertensive people about self-care related to antihypertensive pharmacotherapy. Descriptive investigation outlined in the procedural approach of Social Representations, carried out in a Basic Health Unit in Minas Gerais, Brazil. Characterization data and individual in-depth interviews were collected. Treatment with SPSS and NVivo Pro-11. The 40 participants were predominantly women and elderly women. There were two discursive categories: 1) Daily carelessness in self-care in pharmacological therapy and implications for the prognosis of hypertension and; 2) Combination of therapeutic efforts and self-care actions in antihypertensive pharmacological treatment. The need for a combination of therapeutic efforts and self-care actions in anti-hypertensive pharmacological treatment is emphasized, which should be the target of support by nursing and health professionals in encouraging self-care activities. Carelessness should be prioritized in partial, total or support compensation for self-care activities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Habanera de Ciencias Médicas is the property of Universidad de Ciencias Medicas de La Habana and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introducción: el principal objetivo terapéutico, en el síndrome genitourinario de la menopausia, es aliviar los síntomas. Objetivo: determinar el efecto del Triticum vulgare, en el tratamiento del síndrome genitourinario de la menopausia. Métodos: estudio observacional; incluyó mujeres en posmenopausia, sexualmente activas con diagnóstico de síndrome genitourinario de la menopausia; entre 2017 y 2019, en Armenia (Colombia). El efecto se evaluó mediante la observación de la evolución de la mejoría y desaparición de los síntomas del síndrome genitourinario de la menopausia y con la puntuación del índice de función sexual femenino. Se midió la aparición de reacciones adversas. Se utilizó dosis de 200 mg vía intravaginal diario por cinco semanas, luego cada tercer día por cinco semanas y finalmente una vez a la semana por cinco semanas; se completaron quince semanas de seguimiento. Resultados: el estudio incluyó 109 mujeres, con edad media de 58,29 ± 3,17 años. Los síntomas vaginales fueron los más frecuentes, en el 69,72% de las participantes. Al final del estudio el positivo efecto fue notorio al observarse mejoras significativas en los síntomas, con una disminución de la severidad del 91,74%, y en la mediana de los síntomas (4 vs. 1, p=0,001). En el índice de función sexual femenino la puntuación final alcanzó 27,16 ± 5,29 con una elevación media de 3,57 ±1,18 puntos (p=0,001). No se presentaron reacciones adversas. Conclusión: el Triticum Vulgare intravaginal, mostró un efecto positivo en el tratamiento del síndrome genitourinario de la menopausia. Se requieren ensayos clínicos aleatorizados controlados, sobre su eficacia y seguridad en poblaciones más numerosas.

Copyright of Revista Médica Clínica Las Condes is the property of Editorial Sanchez y Barcelo and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective: To generate recommendations for the management of locally advanced basal cell carcinoma (LABCC) in the Colombian context, based on consensus of experts. Materials and methods: A formal consensus was made, with nominal group methodology. A systematic literature search was conducted to support the development of consensus. A group of experts in the management of locally advanced basal cell carcinoma in Colombia was invited to participate and a conduction group and an assessment group were established (panel of fourteen experts). The scope and questions of the consensus were previously defined. The groups worked in virtual meetings and finally in two face-to-face sessions the recommendations were defined. Results: The LABCC is defined as a tumor larger than 2 cm, with involvement of deep structures and one or more of the following criteria: recurrent tumor, poorly defined borders, histologically aggressive, with perineural invasion. To define the proper management, the panel recommended taking into account tumor criteria, therapy criteria, and patient criteria. The panel recommended that in patients with LABCC, in whom surgery is not adequate, the treatment of choice is vismodegib. Conclusions: The results of this work reflect the definition of LABCC for the Colombian context, and the general recommendations for its management, including specific aspects of medical therapy with vismodegib. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Lack of adherence to antihypertensive therapy contributes directly to patients coexisting with hypertension,triggering increased risk of morbidity and mortality. Thus, nonadherence to treatment becomes one of the main causes of uncontrolled hypertension in the population. We evaluated the factors associated with non-adherence to antihypertensive treatment in cardiology patients of an EsSalud hospital in San Juan de Lurigancho-Lima, during 2017. Material and Methods: Analytical-crossover study, patients attending cardiology outpatient clinic with previous history of essential hypertension were included and secondary hypertension due to other biological causes were excluded. The Morisky-Green Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS-4) was used to assess non-adherence to antihypertensive treatment. Results: Of the 270 study participants, 69% (n=185) were adults older than 65 years, 46% (n=124) were male and 76% (n=118) had a stable partner. Among the clinical history, 60% (n=122) reported clinical diagnosis of arterial hypertension, 30% (n=80) of type II diabetes mellitus and 27% (n=73) non-adherence to treatment. Factors associated with non-adherence to treatment were male sex (ORa: 0.45, 95%CI 0.20-1.04), self-employed (ORa:3.88, 95%CI 1.51-9.97), BMI greater than 30 (ORa:0.23, 95%CI 0.07-0.70). Conclusions: in patients with a diagnosis of essential hypertension there are modifiable and nonmodifiable risk factors associated with non-adherence to treatment. These factors should be considered in order to implement screening strategies and target interventions to adhere to treatment in reluctant patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pheochromocytomas are rare neuroendocrine neoplasms that require adequate preoperative evaluation in order to prevent and lessen the serious complications of catecholamine hypersecretion. Preoperative management contributes to reducing morbidity and mortality rates in patients who have not been diagnosed with this condition and undergo any surgery. However, current mortality seems to be lower, a fact attributed to preoperative management with alpha blockers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Vaccination is the most painful medical procedure performed in healthy children and adolescents, the most frequent via of administration is intramuscular. The pain generates phobia towards needles, increasing the rejection to this type of procedure. Thus, it is necessary to improve pain management techniques, starting with the recognition of pain. Currently, available pharmacological and non-pharmacological procedures help in the management of acute pain in children. The aim is to make vaccination less stressful and to achieve greater adherence to recommended vaccination schedules. We can use preventive measures such as topical anesthesia with Lidocaine, EMLA cream, and others, with the advantage that it can be used at any age, in addition, oral medications such as ibuprofen have proven effective with no effects on the immune response. As for non-pharmacological measures, breastfeeding and offering sweet-tasting solutions in case of not being able to breastfeed, can be easily adopted for vaccination worldwide. Although no single intervention is expected to completely prevent pain caused by elective needle procedures, there are at least four options that should be offered to children at all times: topical anesthesia, comfortable position, breastfeeding in children under 12 months, and some distractor according to age. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]