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Copyright of Arquivos de Ciências da Saúde da UNIPAR is the property of Associacao Paranaense de Ensino e Cultura and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Colombiana de Psiquiatria is the property of Asociacion Colombiana de Psiquiatria and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Medicina (Buenos Aires) is the property of Medicina (Buenos Aires) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective: Even though previous research has identified the negative impact of the attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in intimate partner violence (IPV) perpetration, less is known regarding the moderator factors that explain this association. In this study, we first aimed to assess whether there would be differences in terms of specific neuropsychological variables (e.g., IQ, working memory, executive functioning, and emotion decoding) between different groups of IPV perpetrators, affected or not by ADHD, and also compared with non-violent men (without ADHD). Second, we evaluated differences in dropout and recidivism among the subgroups of IPV perpetrators. Third, we assessed whether ADHD interacts with neuropsychological functioning to explain treatment compliance (dropout) and official recidivism among IPV perpetrators. Method: We administered a set of neuropsychological tests and self-reports to a group of IPV perpetrators with ADHD (n = 161), without ADHD (n = 163), and non-violent men (n = 103). Data on IPV perpetrators' treatment compliance and official recidivism were collected after treatment. Results: Our results indicated that all the groups of IPV perpetrators presented worse performance in all cognitive domains than controls. Furthermore, ADHD IPV perpetrators also showed worse performance in all cognitive domains than IPV perpetrators without ADHD, except for emotion decoding abilities. Most importantly, the combined subtype of ADHD IPV perpetrators presented the highest rate of dropout and official recidivism. Lastly, ADHD diagnosis and neuropsychological impairments separately offered a considerable explanation of treatment compliance and recidivism but their combination did not increase the amount of explained variance. Conclusions: Our study highlights the need to implement good screening processes for correctly diagnosing IPV perpetrators and, consequently, designing more effective intervention programs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We report the case of a 13-year-old male who presented with a history of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder and Raynaud phenomena after treatment with lisdexamfetamine. Clinicians should be aware of the potential vascular side effects of stimulant medications, and how to handle them. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Colombiana de Psiquiatria is the property of Asociacion Colombiana de Psiquiatria and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective: To characterize pediatric patients between 5 to 16 years old with a diagnosed with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) treated at a healthcare institution in the city of Barranquilla, Colombia between 2017 to 2020. Materials and methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted on pediatric patients who consulted at an institution in Barranquilla (Alt, Co). Medical records were reviewed, and selected data were tabulated in a registration matrix for subsequent analysis in R Software, with descriptive statistics and graphical representation. Results: A total of 606 patients were included, with an average age of 7.9 years +/- 2.5. 78% of the patients were male. Patients between 6-7 years old were the most represented group (51%). It was identified that 11% of the patients were preterm newborns. 51% of the patients had some type of comorbidity. The most frequent subtype of ADHD found was the hyperactive subtype (53%), followed by the mixed subtype (18%) and combined subtype (17%). Out of 480 of 606 patients, psychpedagogical therapy was the only management measure received. Conclusion: A similar pattern was found to that reported in national and international literature regarding age, gender, and related risk factors. In terms of subtypes, a different distribution was observed, with the hyperactive subtype predominating. The most used therapeutic measure was psychopedagogical therapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This work aims to socialize an experience that uses the touchscreens in curricular adaptations to teach English through play to children with attention deficit disorder. The action research is administered to validate seven curricular adaptations designed for the acquisition of vocabulary in English as a foreign language. Three children diagnosed with autistic disorder participate, who are domiciled in ManaM, Ecuador. To monitor the progress of the participants, a rubric is applied that evaluates the number of new words acquired. The results show that the videos function captures and maintains the participants' attention for a longer time during language practices. Voice recording contributes to the development of their listening comprehension and contributes to the improvement of pronunciation. It is concluded that the use of appropriately applied touch screens can be relevant to the design of curricular adaptations in the teaching and learning process of students with special educational needs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introducción: El trastorno por déficit de atención/hiperactividad (TDAH) es el principal trastorno neuropsiquiátrico de inicio en la infancia y con frecuencia está asociado a otros trastornos comórbidos. Dentro de estos se encuentra la epilepsia. Objetivo: Caracterizar desde el punto de vista neuropsiquiátrico el Trastorno por Déficit de Atención con/sin Hiperactividad (TDAH) en niños epilépticos. Material y Método: Se realizó una investigación aplicada, de desarrollo, descriptiva y transversal en escolares epilépticos de 6 a 11 años, del municipio Pinar del Río, en el periodo de la investigación. El universo (U=147) estuvo constituido por los niños epilépticos que asistieron a consulta. La muestra, los que se diagnosticaron con TDAH (n=54) según muestreo no probabilístico intencionado, teniendo en cuenta criterios de inclusión y exclusión. Se realizó entrevista a familiares y pacientes, la historia social psiquiátrica y el examen psiquiátrico, basándonos para el diagnóstico en los criterios del DSM IV. Se aplicó el Test de Atención y el cuestionario de conducta CONNERS para padres. El procesamiento estadístico de los datos se realizó utilizando la prueba de proporción contra un valor hipotético y la prueba de comparación de dos proporciones de grupos independientes. Resultados: Predomino el TDAH asociado a la epilepsia, en el sexo masculino, los antecedentes patológicos perinatales fueron los más frecuentes. Predominó el subtipo de TDAH inatento y las epilepsias focales sintomáticas fueron las más frecuentes, predominando los signos de irritación cortical focal frontal. Conclusiones: El diagnóstico y manejo temprano de estos niños, contribuye a evitar complicaciones cognoscitivas, afectivas y conductuales.

Cognitive impairment in neurological diseases is still nowadays a challenge in the Psychology. In the current manuscript, we present diverse psychophysiological approaches allowing the study of cognitive alterations with a temporal resolution of 1 millisecond or to assess cognitive mechanisms that do not involve a voluntary response from the subject. All these procedures will be presented in well-known diseases as multiple sclerosis or attention deficit disorder, and at the same time, in "high risk mental state", what is considered an early phase in the potential development of psychosis in human subjects. All evidences described in the following pages will allow seeing that is possible to improve our knowledge of cognitive impairment in diverse brain diseases using psychophysiological approaches. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To determine frequency of motor alterations in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Method We evaluated 19 children aged 7-12 years with ADHD classified in three sub-types: Combined (ADHD-C), with Inattention (ADHD-I), and with Hyperactivity (ADHD-H). Controls were age- and gender matched healthy children. We utilized Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency (BOTMP) for measuring motor skills. Results We observed differences between children with ADHD and controls in BOTMP general score and in static coordination, dynamic general- and hand- coordination, and in synkinetic movements. We also found differences in dynamic hand coordination between controls and children with ADHD-C; in dynamic general coordination between controls and children with ADHD-H; and in frequency of synkinetic movements between controls and children with ADHD-H. Conclusion Children with ADHD with a major degree of hyperactivity showed greater frequency of motor alterations.

This paper presents the development of a computational platform for social interaction analysis through text in terms of quantity and content of information to approach the intervention and tracing of mental pathologies. Some indexes to measure the individual cognitive development and information retrieval techniques has been adapted to the analysis context aimed to determine characteristics and find patterns on the individual linguistic components and his development. The study considered ten patients: six diagnosed with Asperger Syndrome and four with Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder. Evidences of the characteristics for each pathology such as abrupt change of a conversation matter, and redundancy over conversation subjects were found. Literature results and the results of this study suggest that these systems for computed mediated communication allow discovering information and empowering the cognitive development of a person. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

OBJECTIVE: To perform a complete Intelligence quotient (IQ) measurement (verbal, performance, and total) and subsequently, to compare executive function (EF) measurements in subgroups of children with attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) with a control group. METHOD: We studied a group of children from 7-12 years of age from public elementary schools. Children were selected by means of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-IV-Revised (DSM-IV-R) parent and teacher questionnaires for ADHD. EFs were screened by Weschler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC-R) performance intelligence quotient (IQ) determination of the following sub-tests: picture completion; block designs, and object assembly tests. Simultaneously, total (T-), performance (P-), and verbal (V-) IQs were measured for each patient. RESULTS: We studied 26 control subjects, and 35 children with ADHD. Numbers of children in each ADHD sub-type group were as follows: 15 in the combined group (-C), 13 in the inattentive group (-I), and 7 in hyperactivity group (-H). We found significant lower EF scores in picture arrangement (F=3.76, df 3,57, p=0.01), block design (F=4.55, df 3,57, pOBJETIVO: Realizar una medición global de cociente intelectual (CI) (verbal, ejecutivo y total) y comparar las funciones ejecutivas (FE) en los subgrupos de niños con trastorno por déficit de atención-hiperactividad (TDAH) con un grupo control. MÉTODO: Se estudiaron niños de 7-12 años, provenientes de escuelas oficiales primarias. Se les aplicó el cuestionario de criterios diagnósticos de TDAH del DSM-IV-R para padres y maestros. Las FE se tamizaron mediante las sub-escalas de: ordenación de dibujos, diseño con cubos y composición de objetos del WISC-R. En forma paralela se midieron los CI Verbal (-V), Ejecutivo (-E), Total (-T) de cada paciente. RESULTADOS: Se estudiaron 26 niños control y 35 con TDAH. La distribución de niños con TDAH en los diferentes subtipos clínicos fue la siguiente: 15 niños con TDAH combinado (-C), 13 con inatención (-I) y 7 con hiperactividad-impulsividad (-H). Se encontraron calificaciones menores en las sub-escalas de: ordenación de dibujos (F=3,76, gl 3,57, p=0,01), diseño con cubos (F=4,55, gl 3,57, p

Introducción: Las dificultades en el rendimiento académico de los estudiantes universitarios generalmente se ubican en sus habilidades cognitivas, en sus hábitos de estudio o en las relaciones con su pares o familiares, entre otros. Sin embargo, es necesario observar con más detalle cómo están focalizando su atención y cómo están manejando los distractores internos y externos. Por esto se requiere identificar de qué manera los estudiantes perciben los cambios en su atención al entrenarse en el Mindfulness, que consiste en saber autorregular la atención, lo cual genera cambios en la conducta y mejora el manejo del estrés. Objetivos: Se buscó identificar los cambios en los subprocesos atencionales y en los indicadores de la atención de estudiantes universitarios entrenados en el Método de autocontrol de la atención Mindfulness. Materiales y método: Se utilizó un diseño preexperimental de un solo grupo con observación antes/después, en 21 universitarios (16 mujeres y 5 hombres), con una edad promedio de 20,4 años. Resultados: Se compararon los promedios mediante la t de student antes y después de entrenarse en el método Mindfulness, y se observaron cambios estadísticamente signifi- cativos tanto en la Escala Subjetiva como en las subescalas del WAIS, avalando el apoyo al entrenamiento en el método. Conclusiones. El método Mindfulness generó cambios favorables y significativos en la autopercepción de los subprocesos atencionales y en los indicadores de atención del WAIS.

INTRODUCTION: attention deficit disorder is a common neurodevelopmental condition in childhood, predominant in males aged 7 years, but may persist into adulthood (2-5%). It is characterized by hyperactivity, lack of attention, and impulsiveness. Its prevalence varies from 3 to 7% worldwide, and in Mexico is 5%. It represents 44% of psychiatric consultations in public institutions, diagnosis is clinical, and its causes are multifactorial; magnetic resonance helps in studying such patients. OBJECTIVE: determine, by tractography, differences in thickness of nerve bundles of the cingulum and anterior thalamic radiations between healthy persons and patients with attention deficit disorder. MATERIAL AND METHOD: a transverse, prospective, and comparative observational study in 5 patients with attention deficit disorder and 5 healthy subjects as controls. All were previously evaluated by pediatric psychiatry and then underwent tractography by magnetic resonance. RESULTS: we observed significantly greater thickness of tracts in the anterior thalamic radiation (p = 0.009) in the right hemisphere in patients with attention deficit disorder. Ninety percent of the patients evaluated were male and no differences in their laterality were observed. CONCLUSIONS: increased thickness of tracts in the right anterior thalamic radiation is probably compensatory, in response to hypofunction of the cerebral cortex and thinning of the contralateral anterior thalamic radiation, given that neurochemical studies postulate alterations in regulation of catecholamines (dopamine and noradrenaline) in the prefrontal cortex, parietal lobe, cingulum, striate body, hippocampus, and thalamus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Antecedentes: el trastorno por déficit de atención se diagnostica cada vez con mayor frecuencia en nuestro medio. Los únicos datos de prevalencia que se tienen en el país proceden de Antioquia pero se desconoce la frecuencia en otras regiones del país. Objetivo: evaluar la percepción de los maestros de escuelas de una localidad de Bogotá sobre la presencia del trastorno de atención en sus alumnos. Material y métodos: se realizaron conferencias magistrales sobre la evolución de la atención durante el desarrollo, las alteraciones que se presentan y se engloban en el término trastorno por déficit de atención y discusiones de grupo. Al finalizar se aplicó una encuesta de seis puntos desarrollados en formato de preguntas abiertas que estaban relacionadas con el número total de niños, la distribución por género y las características de la atención de aquellos que tenían a cargo. Resultados. 58 maestros de 10 escuelas percibieron que 612 (31%) alumnos de preescolar y primaria tenían problemas de atención. La distribución por grados mostró un pico importante en el tercer grado. No hubo diferencias significativa en cuanto al género pero si respecto a la preferencia manual. Conclusión. Los datos recogidos demuestran una importante percepción de dificultades de atención en los niños que invita a una reflexión en relación a medidas de tipo pedagógico y de modulación de la conducta, así como a una búsqueda de tipo estadístico y etiológico formal.

It is reported the case of a 17-year-old patient with a symptomatology compatible with both an attentional disorder as a social relationship disorder treated in our Child & Adolescent Mental Health Outpatient Unit. It is described the differential diagnosis and the treatment and evolution of the patient. Before this, we discuss the diagnostic options, and especially the disorder named as Concentration Deficit Disorder or Sluggish Cognitive Tempo. Its more relevant characteristics are review as they are described in the recent medical literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria is the property of Thieme Medical Publishing Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

El trastorno por déficit de atención (TDA) es uno de los síndromes más frecuentes en la población infantil. En la búsqueda de sus mecanismos se han propuesto diversas hipótesis. La relación entre este síndrome y la debilidad funcional de los lóbulos frontales se ha señalado en diversos estudios. El objetivo del presente estudio fue comparar el estado funcional de los lóbulos frontales entre niños preescolares diagnosticados con TDA de zonas urbanas y niños preescolares normales de zonas rurales y urbanas. En el estudio participaron 36 niños normales (20 de zonas rurales y 16 de zonas urbanas) y 14 diagnosticados con TDA. Todos fueron evaluados con el esquema de Evaluación Neuropsicológica Infantil Breve (Quintanar y Solovieva, 2003a, 2003b), el cual incluye tareas para el análisis de los factores de programación y control y la organización motora secuencial que permiten valorar el estado funcional de los sectores frontales. Los resultados mostraron ejecuciones similares entre los grupos rural y con TDA. Se observaron diferencias significativas entre estos dos grupos y los niños de zonas urbanas. Los niños con TDA y de zonas rurales presentaron dificultades en todas las tareas propuestas, especialmente en las tareas de copia y continuación de la secuencia gráfica y del juego verbal asociativo. Los resultados se analizan en términos de las diferencias observadas entre los niños con TDA y los niños de zonas rurales, tanto cuantitativa como cualitativamente. Se concluye que existe una debilidad funcional de los lóbulos frontales en la población rural y en niños con TDA. Los resultados permiten suponer que el tipo de organización de la actividad del niño puede producir esta debilidad.

El TDAH es un Trastorno por Déficit de Atención con Hiperactividad, en donde el niño presenta detención a indicaciones e instrucciones y aunado a esto, presenta hiperactividad/impulsividad, sus conductas son de constante movimiento, no deja de mecerse en su silla, aceleración en sus participaciones, creativa, desorganizada. Su característica principal es la hiperactividad / impulsividad. Para el adolescente, es fundamental que las instituciones académicas y sus docentes, se preocupen y se ocupen de practicar la inclusión educativa y el respeto a la diversidad, así como de implementar acciones y estrategias de acción integral para el estudiante de bachillerato para así, contar con la oportunidad de tener un desarrollo escolar y personal para su futuro profesional y familiar, donde la acción tutorial es fundamental. Para ello es importante conocer los aspectos que intervienen en este tema como son; conceptualización, características, factores de riesgo, apoyos que se pueden brindar, etc. Lo que nos indica la participación activa de maestros, padres de familia y de los propios alumnos con y sin TDAH. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction Expressive language problems are common amongst preschoolers both in the general population (15-20%) and in clinical settings (50- 75%); furthermore, these problems are often not detected. Language problems require attention since they are associated with severe developmental disorders such as autism (Au), Asperger's syndrome (AS), attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and mental retardation. In theory, language development, specifically expressive vocabulary, associated to psychiatric disorders could be identified with a scale that measures expressive language. Objectives 1. To determine the frequency of language delay in a sample of Mexican children with typical development in the community. 2. To determine the vocabulary level for autism, Asperger's syndrome, ADHD and other psychiatric disorders through the use of the Language Development Survey (LDS). 3. To analyze if differences in vocabulary ratings among the clinical subgroups can be detected with this instrument. Materials and methods The sample consisted of: A community group with typical development (TDG) (n=302) and a clinical group (CG) (n=55); both groups had an age range of 2-5 years. The clinical group was subdivided into 4 clinical subgroups based on DSM-IV criteria for: autism, Asperger's syndrome, ADHD and other psychiatric disorders (OPD) (enuresis, encopresis, separation anxiety). Exclusion criteria were: deafness, hypoacusia and other sensorial disorders and mental retardation. A semi-structured interview based on DSM-IV criteria was designed ad hoc to diagnose: autism, Asperger's syndrome, ADHD (inattentive, combined or hyperactive impulsive varieties), specific phobia disorder, tics (transitory, chronic and Tourette's syndrome), dysthymic disorder, depression, enuresis, separation anxiety disorder based on parent information. The clinical evaluation included a semistructured play session with age-appropriate didactic material. Discrepancies in diagnosis were resolved by consensus. All interviews were conducted by an experienced clinician. The number of bulbs in the household was used to measure socioeconomic status (SES). The LDS is a list of words that explores children's vocabulary based upon parental report. The original survey has a Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.99, test-retest coefficient of 0.97-0.99, and a sensitivity and specificity of 86-90%. Language delay (LD) was defined as ≤50 words, as recommended by several researchers. All parents signed an informed consent form and answered the LDS. Statistical analysis. Categorical data was analyzed using a χ² analysis; continuous data such as age, socioeconomic status, and LDS score, were analyzed using t-tests. To analytically compare the LDS group medians, a Kruskal-Wallis test was used, since the variable distribution violated the normality distribution requirements for parametric tests. For the post hoc tests, a Tamhane analysis was used for groups of different sizes. Differences were considered statistically significant if they had a p<0.05. Results The groups were similar for variables such as child's age, parents' age and the LDS median between the normal development group and the clinical group t(355)=1.12, p=.26. The proportion of male children was greater in the clinical group (CG) than in the TDG, 76.4% vs. 53%, χ²(1,N=357)=10.63, p<.001. SES was higher for the TDG (M=7.2, SD=4.2) than for the CG (M=5.8, SD=3), p<.005. The father's age (r=.15, p<.009), the mother's age (r=.16, p<.003) and the SES (r=.13, p<.01) were correlated to the LDS score. Additionally, father's and mother's age were strongly correlated (r=.72, p<.0001) and the mother's age showed small correlations with the socioeconomic status (r=.15, p<.004). The mother's age was correlated with the child's vocabulary for both sexes (males: r=.16, p<.04, females: r=.16, p<.02), and vocabulary was significantly correlated with the SES, only for the males. Language delay frequency in the TDG was 21.2%, and 23.6% for the CG, χ²(1,N=352)=1.03, p<0.59. By sex, males in both groups exhibited a greater frequency of LD [TDG: 21.6% males vs. 20.7% females, χ²(1,N=302)=.154, p<0.926; CG: 26.2% males vs. 15.4% females, χ²(1,N=55)=.642, p<0.423]. The autism subgroup had the lowest vocabulary rating (M=85, SD=78.68), followed by the OPD subgroup (M=149, SD=121), whose rating was very similar to the typically development group (M=179, SD=105). The Asperger group (M=259, SD=27) had a similar score to the ADHD group (M=286, SD=100.2), which had the highest vocabulary score of all. The Kruskal-Wallis test for median differences was significant [H(4)=17.47, p<.002]. Multiple contrast comparisons and Tamhane's post hoc analysis showed that only the contrast between the autism and the ADHD subgroups (means: 85 vs. 286, respectively) was significant (ANOVA Tamhane post hoc, p<.01). Discussion Language delay (LD) measured through LDS in the TDG (21.6%) was very similar to other studies (15-20%). Nevertheless, LD in the clinical sample was inferior (23.6%) to what has been reported elsewhere (35- 75%). It is possible that exclusion of mental retardation, in the clinical sample, could explain these differences. The greater proportion of males suffering from language delay in the clinical group is due to the fact that children with developmental problems occur more frequently among males. Some studies have found a marked and significant female superiority in vocabulary at an early age, but our results found that the girls' vocabularies in both groups were very similar to the boys'. This result is not explained by differences in the instruments used, since other studies carried out with the LDS also report greater scores for girls in both community and clinical samples. Therefore, it is possible that these results are due to cultural differences in the quantity and quality of the verbal stimulus towards Mexican girls and boys. Our scores were also inferior to the Caucasian American population scores. The LDS was sensitive to detection of vocabulary level between groups and the results were congruent with the expected observations, with a few exceptions: Mainly, the community group had a nonsignificant lower score than the clinical group. The subgroups analysis showed that, generally, the vocabulary level corresponded with the expected levels; nevertheless, we found great variability in the scores for the different subgroups. The ADHD had the highest score of all, which determined that the LDS mean for the CG was higher than TDG's. Children with ADHD generally express a greater number of words compared to children in the general population at younger ages. Different studies show that this vocabulary advantage is lost between 8-12 years of age. The group with the next highest score was the Asperger subgroup, which also had the greatest variability, along with the OPD subgroup. This makes identification of Asperger's syndrome through the LDS impossible, due to confounding with other groups. This is unfortunate because differential diagnosis between ADHD and the autism spectrum disorders is very important. Vocabulary was better in the Asperger than the autism subgroup, although these differences were not significant in the post hoc tests. The only significant comparison was between ADHD and autism groups, which is consistent with other studies through other measures. Conclusions The Mexican version of the LDS is a useful tool for screening language delays in preschoolers. It may aid in the identification of autism and other common causes of language delays such as: transitory delay, late language emergence, specific language impairment and selective mutism. The LDS is a quantitative screening instrument and does not measure other complex alterations in other language domains such as: narrative, expository and conversational discourse; and other pragmatic language abilities individually or in any combination. Language impairment should be diagnosed based on multiple sources of information, including naturalistic observation and standardized, culturally appropriate psychometric measures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista CES Psicologia is the property of Universidad CES and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria is the property of Thieme Medical Publishing Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)