1. The endothelial diapedesis synapse regulates transcellular migration of human T lymphocytes in a CX3CL1- and SNAP23-dependent manner.
- Author
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Schoppmeyer R, van Steen ACI, Kempers L, Timmerman AL, Nolte MA, Hombrink P, and van Buul JD
- Subjects
- Humans, Chemokine CX3CL1 metabolism, Endothelium, Vascular metabolism, Qb-SNARE Proteins metabolism, Qc-SNARE Proteins metabolism, T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic metabolism, Transendothelial and Transepithelial Migration physiology
- Abstract
Understanding how cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) efficiently leave the circulation to target cancer cells or contribute to inflammation is of high medical interest. Here, we demonstrate that human central memory CTLs cross the endothelium in a predominantly paracellular fashion, whereas effector and effector memory CTLs cross the endothelium preferably in a transcellular fashion. We find that effector CTLs show a round morphology upon adhesion and induce a synapse-like interaction with the endothelium where ICAM-1 is distributed at the periphery. Moreover, the interaction of ICAM-1:β2integrin and endothelial-derived CX3CL1:CX3CR1 enables transcellular migration. Mechanistically, we find that ICAM-1 clustering recruits the SNARE-family protein SNAP23, as well as syntaxin-3 and -4, for the local release of endothelial-derived chemokines like CXCL1/8/10. In line, silencing of endothelial SNAP23 drives CTLs across the endothelium in a paracellular fashion. In conclusion, our data suggest that CTLs trigger local chemokine release from the endothelium through ICAM-1-driven signals driving transcellular migration., Competing Interests: Declaration of interests The authors declare no competing interests., (Copyright © 2021 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2022
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