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Anh Tuan Tran,1– 3,* Dinh Minh Nguyen,4,* Quang Hien Tran,5,6 Quang Hung Nguyen,7 Thu Ha Nguyen Thi,1 Do Quyen Tran Thi,1 Hong Nhung Luu,1 Yen Mai Do Thi1 1Radiology Center, Bach Mai Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam; 2Radiology Department, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hanoi National University, Hanoi, Vietnam; 3Stroke and Brain Vascular Disease Department, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hanoi National University, Hanoi, Vietnam; 4Radiology Department, Viet Duc Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam; 5An Giang Department of Health, An Giang, Vietnam; 6Obstetrics and Gynecology, an Giang Women’s and Children’s Hospital, An Giang, Vietnam; 7Oncology and Nuclear Medicine Center, Bach Mai Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Quang Hien Tran, An Giang Department of Health, Obstetrics and Gynecology, an Giang Women’s and Children’s hospital, 15 Le Trieu Kiet Street, Long Xuyen City, An Giang, Vietnam, Tel +84913104293, Email tranquanghienag@yahoo.comObjective: To evaluate the effectiveness of ultrasound-guided needle aspiration in treating lactating breast abscesses.Methods: This study was conducted in Bach Mai Hospital, from 6/2020 to 7/2021. Lactating patients with breast abscesses underwent ultrasound-guided aspiration followed by antibiotics therapy.Results: There were 59 lactating patients with 82 breast abscesses. Most of the abscesses had heterogeneous echogenicity, no capsule, and a size smaller than 5cm. Bacterial culture results showed that 85.4% of cases were Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. The number of aspirations was from 1 to 5. The cure rate was 91.5%, and 5.3% of these cases had a complication associated with galactocele after treatment.Conclusion: Ultrasound-guided needle aspiration is a minimally invasive treatment option for lactating breast abscesses with a high complete cure rate and good cosmetic results.Keywords: breast abscess, ultrasound-guided needle aspirati

Rang Ngoc Nguyen,1,2 Quang Chanh Ton,2 Quang Hien Tran,2 Thi Kieu Linh Nguyen2 1Department of Pediatrics, Can Tho University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Can Tho, Vietnam; 2Women and Children Hospital of an Giang, An Giang, VietnamCorrespondence: Rang Ngoc Nguyen Tel +84 913106404Email nguyenngocrang@gmail.comBackground: Mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is decreasing worldwide; however, achieving the MTCT elimination target of 2% by 2020 and 0% by 2030 is challenging in resource-limited countries. The purpose of this study is to determine the evolution of the HIV transmission rate in infants from 2007 to 2018 and to identify the risk factors of HIV transmission among HIV-exposed infants in Vietnam.Patients and Methods: A prospective cohort study of 608 HIV-exposed infants was conducted at the Pediatric Outpatient Clinic (pOPC) of the Women and Children Hospital of An Giang, Vietnam between September 2007 and December 2019. A follow-up registration book was used to collect data, which were entered into Microsoft Excel and analyzed by SPSS version 22.0. Both bivariate and multivariate analyses were carried out to identify associations.Results: A total of 608 HIV-exposed infant were enrolled in the study, of which 472 were included in the final analysis. The median age of infants at enrollment to follow-up was 6.3 weeks (interquartile range [IQR]=6.0– 6.9 weeks). A total of 42 infants out of 472 were infected with HIV, giving an overall MTCT rate of 8.9% (95% confidence interval (CI)=6.4– 12.0). The transmission rate decreased from 27.9% in 2007 to 0% in 2018. Absence of maternal ARV (antiretrovirals) intervention before or during pregnancy (AOR=40.6, 95% CI=5.5– 308) and absence of ARV prophylaxis for HIV-exposed infants (AOR=3.4, 95% CI=1.1– 10.3) were significantly and independently associated with MTCT of HIV in this study.Conclusion: There is a significant progress on the reduction of MT