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14. Decision strategy and recurring suboptimal choices

Author

Mondal, Supratik and Traczyk, Jakub

Subjects
FOS: Psychology, Adaptive decision making, Cognitive Psychology, Psychology, Social and Behavioral Sciences
Abstract

In the study, we use the decision-from-experience task (DfE) to investigate the relationship between the sampling behavior (i.e., exploration of alternatives and switching rate between alternatives), numeracy, different decision strategies (i.e., the proportion of choices following the prediction from expectation models compared to the priority heuristic model), and total gain in the DfE task.

Published
2023
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15. Integral positive and negative emotions as mediators in the relationship between the valence of risk-related mental imagery and declared willingness to take risk

Author

Smieja, Joanna, Zaleskiewicz, Tomasz, Traczyk, Jakub, and Sobkow, Agata

Subjects
FOS: Psychology, mental imagery, Cognitive Psychology, Psychology, decision-making, Social and Behavioral Sciences, uncertainty, decisions, risk
Abstract

Recent research in judgment and decision making has indicated an important role of visual mental imagery in guiding decisions under risk and uncertainty (Sobkow et al. 2016; Traczyk et al., 2015; Zaleskiewicz et al., 2020). Future and decision-related mental imagery allows people to try out, in safe circumstances, the potential consequences and conditions of the choices they consider (Blackwell, 2020). Moreover, it has been documented that while generating mental images, people experience emotions related to visualized images they generated (Blackwell, 2020; Holmes & Mathews, 2010). It is an important premise, as the field of judgment and decision making has provided evidence that integral emotions play a crucial role in decision making under risk (Lerner et al., 2015; Loewenstein et al., 2001). In the present study, we hypothesize that emotions experienced in the phase of imagining the engagement in risky actions will mediate the relationship between the valence of mental imageries and declared willingness to take these actions. In the case of imagining negative circumstances of risk taking, negative emotions will have a stronger influence on risk taking, whereas visually imagining positive consequences of risk will result in the dominant role of positive emotions in decision making.

Published
2022
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16. Slate 1: Inbar, Pizarro, Knobe & Bloom (2009) Study 1

Author

Schmidt, Kathleen, Nosek, Brian, Klein, Richard, Chang, Jen-Ho, Houdek, Petr, Pollmann, Monique, Tybur, Joshua, Stouten, Jeroen, Green, Eva, Busching, Robert, Ujhelyi, Adrienn, Kende, Anna, Berkics, Mihaly, Orosz, Gabor, Maitner, Angela, Street, Chris, Ebersole, Charles, Collisson, Brian, Thomae, Manuela, Cantarero, Katarzyna, Sobkow, Agata, Traczyk, Jakub, Neto, Felix, English, Alexander, Sirlopu, David, John, Melissa-Sue, Eller, Anja, Freyre, Miguel-Ángel, Smith-Castro, Vanessa, Pérez, Rolando, Torres-Fernández, David, Nichols, Austin, Sundfelt, Oskar, Karabati, Serdar, Cemalcilar, Zeynep, Kamiloglu, Roza, Theriault, Jordan, Young, Liane, Easterbrook, Matthew, Babalola, Mayowa, Barlow, Fiona, McIntyre, Jason, Marotta, Satia, Salomon, Erika, Vásquez-Echeverría, Alejandro, Packard, Grant, Gill, Tripat, Adams, Byron, Adams, Reginald, Nelson, Anthony, Steiner, Troy, Cai, Huajian, Tang, Andrew, Giessner, Steffen, Hai, Kakul, Verniers, Catherine, Kervyn, Nicolas, Friedman, Mike, Schönbrodt, Felix, Gnambs, Timo, Karick, Haruna, Cheong, Winnee, Carmichael, Cheryl, Curran, Paul, Kappes, Heather, Haigh, Matthew, Myachykov, Andriy, Smith, Michael, Malingumu, Winfrida, Aveyard, Mark, Ghoshal, Tanuka, Tear, Morgan, Saeri, Alexander, Murphy, Sean, Dozo, Nerisa, Sekerdej, Maciek, Sacco, Airi, Gonzalez, Roberto, Gomez, Angel, Vázquez, Alexandra, Vega, Diego, Doğulu, Canay, Alper, Sinan, Dalgar, Ilker, Huynh, Ho, Kurtz, Jaime, Welch, Cheryl, Berry, Daniel, Coleman, Jennifer, O'Donnell, Susan, Cushman, Fiery, Pinter, Brad, Edlund, John, Dukes, Kristin, Ruggs, Enrica, Finck, Carolyn, Jimenez-Leal, William, Durrheim, Kevin, Williams, Lisa, Govia, Ishtar, Inbar, Yoel, Verschoor, Mark, de Vries, Marieke, de Bruijn, Maaike, Maassen, Esther, Kurapov, German, Milfont, Taciano, Frankowska, Natalia, Bialobrzeska, Olga, Wronska, Marta, Lazarevic, Ljiljana, Knezevic, Goran, Petrovic, Boban, Međedović, Janko, Grahek, Ivan, Cicero, David, Sowden, Walter, Lewis, Neil, and Hall, Michael

Published
2022
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17. Slate 2: Hauser et al. (2007) Scenarios 3+4

Author

Schmidt, Kathleen, Nosek, Brian, Klein, Richard, Stouten, Jeroen, Chang, Jen-Ho, Houdek, Petr, Pollmann, Monique, Tybur, Joshua, Green, Eva, Busching, Robert, Ujhelyi, Adrienn, Kende, Anna, Berkics, Mihaly, Orosz, Gabor, Maitner, Angela, Street, Chris, Ebersole, Charles, Collisson, Brian, Thomae, Manuela, Cantarero, Katarzyna, Sobkow, Agata, Traczyk, Jakub, Neto, Felix, English, Alexander, Sirlopu, David, John, Melissa-Sue, Eller, Anja, Freyre, Miguel-Ángel, Smith-Castro, Vanessa, Pérez, Rolando, Torres-Fernández, David, Nichols, Austin, Sundfelt, Oskar, Karabati, Serdar, Cemalcilar, Zeynep, Kamiloglu, Roza, Theriault, Jordan, Young, Liane, Easterbrook, Matthew, Babalola, Mayowa, Barlow, Fiona, McIntyre, Jason, Marotta, Satia, Salomon, Erika, Vásquez-Echeverría, Alejandro, Packard, Grant, Gill, Tripat, Adams, Byron, Adams, Reginald, Nelson, Anthony, Steiner, Troy, Cai, Huajian, Tang, Andrew, Giessner, Steffen, Hai, Kakul, Verniers, Catherine, Kervyn, Nicolas, Friedman, Mike, Schönbrodt, Felix, Gnambs, Timo, Karick, Haruna, Cheong, Winnee, Carmichael, Cheryl, Curran, Paul, Kappes, Heather, Haigh, Matthew, Myachykov, Andriy, Smith, Michael, Malingumu, Winfrida, Aveyard, Mark, Ghoshal, Tanuka, Tear, Morgan, Saeri, Alexander, Murphy, Sean, Dozo, Nerisa, Sekerdej, Maciek, Sacco, Airi, Gonzalez, Roberto, Gomez, Angel, Vázquez, Alexandra, Vega, Diego, Doğulu, Canay, Alper, Sinan, Dalgar, Ilker, Huynh, Ho, Kurtz, Jaime, Welch, Cheryl, Berry, Daniel, Coleman, Jennifer, O'Donnell, Susan, Cushman, Fiery, Pinter, Brad, Edlund, John, Dukes, Kristin, Ruggs, Enrica, Finck, Carolyn, Jimenez-Leal, William, Durrheim, Kevin, Williams, Lisa, Govia, Ishtar, Inbar, Yoel, Verschoor, Mark, de Vries, Marieke, de Bruijn, Maaike, Maassen, Esther, Kurapov, German, Milfont, Taciano, Frankowska, Natalia, Bialobrzeska, Olga, Wronska, Marta, Lazarevic, Ljiljana, Knezevic, Goran, Petrovic, Boban, Međedović, Janko, Grahek, Ivan, Cicero, David, Sowden, Walter, Lewis, Neil, and Hall, Michael

Published
2022
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18. The effects of values-affirmation intervention during statistics and methodology course on numeracy, math anxiety, and test anxiety

Author

Hrymchak, Yehor, Sobkow, Agata, Surowski, Marcin, Mazur, Julia, Góra, Patryk, Schoepp, Paweł, Olszewska, Angelika, and Traczyk, Jakub

Subjects
education, Social and Behavioral Sciences, Education
Abstract

Our main aim is to conceptually replicate the effect of values-affirmation intervention on students’ objective and subjective numeracy (Peters et al., 2017). Moreover, we also want to explore the effects of this intervention on math anxiety, test anxiety and the students' academic performance in statistics.

Published
2022
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19. Slate 2: Risen & Gilovich (2008) Study 1

Author

Schmidt, Kathleen, Klein, Richard, Nosek, Brian, Pollmann, Monique, Chang, Jen-Ho, Houdek, Petr, Tybur, Joshua, Stouten, Jeroen, Green, Eva, Busching, Robert, Ujhelyi, Adrienn, Kende, Anna, Berkics, Mihaly, Orosz, Gabor, Maitner, Angela, Street, Chris, Ebersole, Charles, Collisson, Brian, Thomae, Manuela, Cantarero, Katarzyna, Sobkow, Agata, Traczyk, Jakub, Neto, Felix, English, Alexander, Sirlopu, David, John, Melissa-Sue, Eller, Anja, Freyre, Miguel-Ángel, Smith-Castro, Vanessa, Pérez, Rolando, Torres-Fernández, David, Nichols, Austin, Sundfelt, Oskar, Karabati, Serdar, Cemalcilar, Zeynep, Kamiloglu, Roza, Theriault, Jordan, Young, Liane, Easterbrook, Matthew, Babalola, Mayowa, Barlow, Fiona, McIntyre, Jason, Marotta, Satia, Salomon, Erika, Vásquez-Echeverría, Alejandro, Packard, Grant, Gill, Tripat, Adams, Byron, Adams, Reginald, Nelson, Anthony, Steiner, Troy, Cai, Huajian, Tang, Andrew, Giessner, Steffen, Hai, Kakul, Verniers, Catherine, Kervyn, Nicolas, Friedman, Mike, Schönbrodt, Felix, Gnambs, Timo, Karick, Haruna, Cheong, Winnee, Carmichael, Cheryl, Curran, Paul, Kappes, Heather, Haigh, Matthew, Myachykov, Andriy, Smith, Michael, Malingumu, Winfrida, Aveyard, Mark, Ghoshal, Tanuka, Tear, Morgan, Saeri, Alexander, Murphy, Sean, Dozo, Nerisa, Sekerdej, Maciek, Sacco, Airi, Gonzalez, Roberto, Gomez, Angel, Vázquez, Alexandra, Vega, Diego, Doğulu, Canay, Alper, Sinan, Dalgar, Ilker, Huynh, Ho, Kurtz, Jaime, Welch, Cheryl, Berry, Daniel, Coleman, Jennifer, O'Donnell, Susan, Cushman, Fiery, Pinter, Brad, Edlund, John, Dukes, Kristin, Ruggs, Enrica, Finck, Carolyn, Jimenez-Leal, William, Durrheim, Kevin, Williams, Lisa, Govia, Ishtar, Inbar, Yoel, Verschoor, Mark, de Vries, Marieke, de Bruijn, Maaike, Maassen, Esther, Kurapov, German, Milfont, Taciano, Frankowska, Natalia, Bialobrzeska, Olga, Wronska, Marta, Lazarevic, Ljiljana, Knezevic, Goran, Petrovic, Boban, Međedović, Janko, Grahek, Ivan, Cicero, David, Sowden, Walter, Lewis, Neil, and Hall, Michael

Published
2022
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20. The dynamic mental imagery task (DMIT): a new tool for studying the process of mental imagery in risk-related situations. Validation study using the manipulation of valence of mental images

Author

Zaleskiewicz, Tomasz, Sobkow, Agata, and Traczyk, Jakub

Subjects
FOS: Psychology, Psychology, Social and Behavioral Sciences
Abstract

Our main aim is to further validate a new task for measuring the process of mental imagery. In particular, we intend to test whether the explicit instruction to produce positive vs negative mental images will influence the number of generated mental images in response to risky situations and whether this manipulation would be related to a tendency to engage in risky behavior.

Published
2022
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21. Methods and Measures

Author

Schmidt, Kathleen, Klein, Richard, Nosek, Brian, Davis, William, Chang, Jen-Ho, Houdek, Petr, Pollmann, Monique, Tybur, Joshua, Stouten, Jeroen, Green, Eva, Busching, Robert, Ujhelyi, Adrienn, Kende, Anna, Berkics, Mihaly, Orosz, Gabor, Maitner, Angela, Street, Chris, Ebersole, Charles, Collisson, Brian, Thomae, Manuela, Cantarero, Katarzyna, Sobkow, Agata, Traczyk, Jakub, Neto, Felix, English, Alexander, Sirlopu, David, John, Melissa-Sue, Eller, Anja, Freyre, Miguel-Ángel, Smith-Castro, Vanessa, Pérez, Rolando, Torres-Fernández, David, Nichols, Austin, Sundfelt, Oskar, Karabati, Serdar, Cemalcilar, Zeynep, Kamiloglu, Roza, Theriault, Jordan, Young, Liane, Easterbrook, Matthew, Babalola, Mayowa, Barlow, Fiona, McIntyre, Jason, Marotta, Satia, Salomon, Erika, Vásquez-Echeverría, Alejandro, Packard, Grant, Gill, Tripat, Adams, Byron, Adams, Reginald, Nelson, Anthony, Steiner, Troy, Cai, Huajian, Tang, Andrew, Giessner, Steffen, Hai, Kakul, Verniers, Catherine, Kervyn, Nicolas, Friedman, Mike, Schönbrodt, Felix, Gnambs, Timo, Karick, Haruna, Cheong, Winnee, Carmichael, Cheryl, Curran, Paul, Kappes, Heather, Haigh, Matthew, Myachykov, Andriy, Smith, Michael, Malingumu, Winfrida, Aveyard, Mark, Ghoshal, Tanuka, Tear, Morgan, Saeri, Alexander, Murphy, Sean, Dozo, Nerisa, Sekerdej, Maciek, Sacco, Airi, Gonzalez, Roberto, Gomez, Angel, Vázquez, Alexandra, Vega, Diego, Doğulu, Canay, Alper, Sinan, Dalgar, Ilker, Huynh, Ho, Kurtz, Jaime, Welch, Cheryl, Berry, Daniel, Coleman, Jennifer, O'Donnell, Susan, Cushman, Fiery, Pinter, Brad, Edlund, John, Dukes, Kristin, Ruggs, Enrica, Finck, Carolyn, Jimenez-Leal, William, Durrheim, Kevin, Williams, Lisa, Govia, Ishtar, Inbar, Yoel, Verschoor, Mark, de Vries, Marieke, de Bruijn, Maaike, Maassen, Esther, Kurapov, German, Milfont, Taciano, Frankowska, Natalia, Bialobrzeska, Olga, Wronska, Marta, Lazarevic, Ljiljana, Knezevic, Goran, Petrovic, Boban, Međedović, Janko, Grahek, Ivan, Cicero, David, Sowden, Walter, Lewis, Neil, and Hall, Michael

Published
2022
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22. Does approximate numeracy predict superior decision making beyond objective and subjective numeracy? Registered replication report on Schley and Peters (2014)

Author

Sobkow, Agata and Traczyk, Jakub

Abstract

Everyday decision making requires dealing with numbers related to potential outcomes and their probabilities. A bulk of research from Judgement and Decision Making field (for a review see: Cokely et al., 2018; Garcia-Retamero, Sobkow, Petrova, Garrido, & Traczyk, 2019) showed that superior decision making is largely driven by individual differences in objective statistical numeracy—an ability to understand statistical and probability information and to use it in everyday contexts. Nevertheless, a few recent studies suggested that an ability to estimate quantities and to map symbolic numbers into mental number line may be an equally important predictor of decision making as objective numeracy. The aim of the present research is to replicate one of the first and most important studies showing this effect (study 2 from Schley & Peters, 2014; Psychological Science; more than 100 citations). In this study, 99 participants completed an adaptive decision task (a series of monetary gambles), enabling estimation of parameters from the Prospect Theory (Kahneman & Tversky, 1979). Moreover, participants solved a number-line task to measure symbolic-number mapping (Siegler & Opfer, 2003), a set of mathematical tasks measuring objective numeracy (Weller et al., 2013) and answered few questions regarding demography (age, sex, income, education). The results of this study showed that participants with more exact symbolic-number mappings exhibited more linear value functions in a decision task. Moreover, more exact symbolic-number mapping mediated the relationship between objective numeracy and value-function parameters suggesting that this ability may (at least partially) explain the relationship between numeracy and decision making. In our research, we plan to extend this experimental procedure by including the Subjective Numeracy Scale (Fagerlin et al., 2007) as a measure of numeric confidence. This approach would allow us to test the replicability of the relationship between symbolic-number mapping and value function parameters as well as to compare the relative contribution of three types of numeric competencies: objective numeracy, approximate numeracy, and subjective numeracy proposed recently by Peters and Bjalkebring (2015).

Published
2022
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23. Slate 1: Graham, Haidt, & Nosek (2009) Study 1

Author

Schmidt, Kathleen, Coen, Sharon, Keller, Victor, Nosek, Brian, Klein, Richard, Chang, Jen-Ho, Houdek, Petr, Pollmann, Monique, Tybur, Joshua, Stouten, Jeroen, Green, Eva, Busching, Robert, Ujhelyi, Adrienn, Kende, Anna, Berkics, Mihaly, Orosz, Gabor, Maitner, Angela, Street, Chris, Ebersole, Charles, Collisson, Brian, Thomae, Manuela, Cantarero, Katarzyna, Sobkow, Agata, Traczyk, Jakub, Neto, Felix, English, Alexander, Sirlopu, David, John, Melissa-Sue, Eller, Anja, Freyre, Miguel-Ángel, Smith-Castro, Vanessa, Pérez, Rolando, Torres-Fernández, David, Nichols, Austin, Sundfelt, Oskar, Karabati, Serdar, Cemalcilar, Zeynep, Kamiloglu, Roza, Theriault, Jordan, Young, Liane, Easterbrook, Matthew, Babalola, Mayowa, Barlow, Fiona, McIntyre, Jason, Marotta, Satia, Salomon, Erika, Vásquez-Echeverría, Alejandro, Packard, Grant, Gill, Tripat, Adams, Byron, Adams, Reginald, Nelson, Anthony, Steiner, Troy, Cai, Huajian, Tang, Andrew, Giessner, Steffen, Hai, Kakul, Verniers, Catherine, Kervyn, Nicolas, Friedman, Mike, Schönbrodt, Felix, Gnambs, Timo, Karick, Haruna, Cheong, Winnee, Carmichael, Cheryl, Curran, Paul, Kappes, Heather, Haigh, Matthew, Myachykov, Andriy, Smith, Michael, Malingumu, Winfrida, Aveyard, Mark, Ghoshal, Tanuka, Tear, Morgan, Saeri, Alexander, Murphy, Sean, Dozo, Nerisa, Sekerdej, Maciek, Sacco, Airi, Gonzalez, Roberto, Gomez, Angel, Vázquez, Alexandra, Vega, Diego, Doğulu, Canay, Alper, Sinan, Dalgar, Ilker, Huynh, Ho, Kurtz, Jaime, Welch, Cheryl, Berry, Daniel, Coleman, Jennifer, O'Donnell, Susan, Cushman, Fiery, Pinter, Brad, Edlund, John, Dukes, Kristin, Ruggs, Enrica, Finck, Carolyn, Jimenez-Leal, William, Durrheim, Kevin, Williams, Lisa, Govia, Ishtar, Inbar, Yoel, Verschoor, Mark, de Vries, Marieke, de Bruijn, Maaike, Maassen, Esther, Kurapov, German, Milfont, Taciano, Frankowska, Natalia, Bialobrzeska, Olga, Wronska, Marta, Lazarevic, Ljiljana, Knezevic, Goran, Petrovic, Boban, Međedović, Janko, Grahek, Ivan, Cicero, David, Sowden, Walter, Lewis, Neil, and Hall, Michael

Published
2022
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24. ML2: The Effects

Author

Klein, Richard, Grahe, Jon, Levitan, Carmel, Schmidt, Kathleen, Vianello, Michelangelo, Axt, Jordan, Bahník, Štěpán, Bernstein, Michael, Bocian, Konrad, Brandt, Mark, Chandler, Jesse, Chatard, Armand, CHEN, Eva, Coen, Sharon, Conway, Morgan, Corker, Katherine, Davis, William, Devos, Thierry, Dunham, Yarrow, Galliani, Elisa, Haines, Elizabeth, Hasselman, Fred, Hicks, Joshua, Huntsinger, Jeffrey, IJzerman, Hans, Joy-Gaba, Jennifer, Kappes, Andreas, Keller, Victor, Krueger, Lacy, Lakens, Daniel, Mallett, Robyn, Morris, Wendy, Oikawa, Masanori, Pilati, Ronaldo, Rutchick, Abraham, Skorinko, Jeanine, van 't Veer, Anna, Vaughn, Leigh Ann, Vranka, Marek, Wichman, Aaron, Woodzicka, Julie, Zelenski, John, Nosek, Brian, Heffernan, Marie, Dalla Rosa, Anna, van Assen, Marcel, Innes-Ker, Åse, Lins, Samuel, Chang, Jen-Ho, Houdek, Petr, Pollmann, Monique, Tybur, Joshua, Stouten, Jeroen, Green, Eva, Busching, Robert, Ujhelyi, Adrienn, Kende, Anna, Berkics, Mihaly, Orosz, Gabor, Maitner, Angela, Street, Chris, Ebersole, Charles, Collisson, Brian, Thomae, Manuela, Cantarero, Katarzyna, Sobkow, Agata, Traczyk, Jakub, Neto, Felix, English, Alexander, Sirlopu, David, John, Melissa-Sue, Eller, Anja, Freyre, Miguel-Ángel, Smith-Castro, Vanessa, Pérez, Rolando, Torres-Fernández, David, Nichols, Austin, Sundfelt, Oskar, Karabati, Serdar, Cemalcilar, Zeynep, Kamiloglu, Roza, Theriault, Jordan, Young, Liane, Easterbrook, Matthew, Babalola, Mayowa, Barlow, Fiona, McIntyre, Jason, Marotta, Satia, Salomon, Erika, Vásquez-Echeverría, Alejandro, Packard, Grant, Gill, Tripat, Adams, Byron, Adams, Reginald, Nelson, Anthony, Steiner, Troy, Cai, Huajian, Tang, Andrew, Giessner, Steffen, Hai, Kakul, Verniers, Catherine, Kervyn, Nicolas, Friedman, Mike, Schönbrodt, Felix, Gnambs, Timo, Karick, Haruna, Cheong, Winnee, Carmichael, Cheryl, Curran, Paul, Kappes, Heather, Haigh, Matthew, Myachykov, Andriy, Smith, Michael, Malingumu, Winfrida, Aveyard, Mark, Ghoshal, Tanuka, Tear, Morgan, Saeri, Alexander, Murphy, Sean, Dozo, Nerisa, Sekerdej, Maciek, Sacco, Airi, Gonzalez, Roberto, Gomez, Angel, Vázquez, Alexandra, Vega, Diego, Doğulu, Canay, Alper, Sinan, Dalgar, Ilker, Huynh, Ho, Kurtz, Jaime, Welch, Cheryl, Berry, Daniel, Coleman, Jennifer, O'Donnell, Susan, Cushman, Fiery, Pinter, Brad, Edlund, John, Dukes, Kristin, Ruggs, Enrica, Finck, Carolyn, Jimenez-Leal, William, Durrheim, Kevin, Williams, Lisa, Govia, Ishtar, Inbar, Yoel, Verschoor, Mark, de Vries, Marieke, de Bruijn, Maaike, Maassen, Esther, Kurapov, German, Milfont, Taciano, Frankowska, Natalia, Bialobrzeska, Olga, Wronska, Marta, Lazarevic, Ljiljana, Knezevic, Goran, Petrovic, Boban, Međedović, Janko, Grahek, Ivan, Cicero, David, Sowden, Walter, Lewis, Neil, and Hall, Michael

Published
2022
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25. Slate 1: Alter, Oppenheimer, Epley & Eyre (2007) Study 4

Author

Schmidt, Kathleen, Klein, Richard, Nosek, Brian, Krueger, Lacy, Chang, Jen-Ho, Houdek, Petr, Pollmann, Monique, Tybur, Joshua, Stouten, Jeroen, Green, Eva, Busching, Robert, Ujhelyi, Adrienn, Kende, Anna, Berkics, Mihaly, Orosz, Gabor, Maitner, Angela, Street, Chris, Ebersole, Charles, Collisson, Brian, Thomae, Manuela, Cantarero, Katarzyna, Sobkow, Agata, Traczyk, Jakub, Neto, Felix, English, Alexander, Sirlopu, David, John, Melissa-Sue, Eller, Anja, Freyre, Miguel-Ángel, Smith-Castro, Vanessa, Pérez, Rolando, Torres-Fernández, David, Nichols, Austin, Sundfelt, Oskar, Karabati, Serdar, Cemalcilar, Zeynep, Kamiloglu, Roza, Theriault, Jordan, Young, Liane, Easterbrook, Matthew, Babalola, Mayowa, Barlow, Fiona, McIntyre, Jason, Marotta, Satia, Salomon, Erika, Vásquez-Echeverría, Alejandro, Packard, Grant, Gill, Tripat, Adams, Byron, Adams, Reginald, Nelson, Anthony, Steiner, Troy, Cai, Huajian, Tang, Andrew, Giessner, Steffen, Hai, Kakul, Verniers, Catherine, Kervyn, Nicolas, Friedman, Mike, Schönbrodt, Felix, Gnambs, Timo, Karick, Haruna, Cheong, Winnee, Carmichael, Cheryl, Curran, Paul, Kappes, Heather, Haigh, Matthew, Myachykov, Andriy, Smith, Michael, Malingumu, Winfrida, Aveyard, Mark, Ghoshal, Tanuka, Tear, Morgan, Saeri, Alexander, Murphy, Sean, Dozo, Nerisa, Sekerdej, Maciek, Sacco, Airi, Gonzalez, Roberto, Gomez, Angel, Vázquez, Alexandra, Vega, Diego, Doğulu, Canay, Alper, Sinan, Dalgar, Ilker, Huynh, Ho, Kurtz, Jaime, Welch, Cheryl, Berry, Daniel, Coleman, Jennifer, O'Donnell, Susan, Cushman, Fiery, Pinter, Brad, Edlund, John, Dukes, Kristin, Ruggs, Enrica, Finck, Carolyn, Jimenez-Leal, William, Durrheim, Kevin, Williams, Lisa, Govia, Ishtar, Inbar, Yoel, Verschoor, Mark, de Vries, Marieke, de Bruijn, Maaike, Maassen, Esther, Kurapov, German, Milfont, Taciano, Frankowska, Natalia, Bialobrzeska, Olga, Wronska, Marta, Lazarevic, Ljiljana, Knezevic, Goran, Petrovic, Boban, Međedović, Janko, Grahek, Ivan, Cicero, David, Sowden, Walter, Lewis, Neil, and Hall, Michael

Published
2022
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26. Slate 2: Knobe (2003) Study 1

Author

Schmidt, Kathleen, Klein, Richard, Nosek, Brian, Davis, William, Chang, Jen-Ho, Houdek, Petr, Pollmann, Monique, Tybur, Joshua, Stouten, Jeroen, Green, Eva, Busching, Robert, Ujhelyi, Adrienn, Kende, Anna, Berkics, Mihaly, Orosz, Gabor, Maitner, Angela, Street, Chris, Ebersole, Charles, Collisson, Brian, Thomae, Manuela, Cantarero, Katarzyna, Sobkow, Agata, Traczyk, Jakub, Neto, Felix, English, Alexander, Sirlopu, David, John, Melissa-Sue, Eller, Anja, Freyre, Miguel-Ángel, Smith-Castro, Vanessa, Pérez, Rolando, Torres-Fernández, David, Nichols, Austin, Sundfelt, Oskar, Karabati, Serdar, Cemalcilar, Zeynep, Kamiloglu, Roza, Theriault, Jordan, Young, Liane, Easterbrook, Matthew, Babalola, Mayowa, Barlow, Fiona, McIntyre, Jason, Marotta, Satia, Salomon, Erika, Vásquez-Echeverría, Alejandro, Packard, Grant, Gill, Tripat, Adams, Byron, Adams, Reginald, Nelson, Anthony, Steiner, Troy, Cai, Huajian, Tang, Andrew, Giessner, Steffen, Hai, Kakul, Verniers, Catherine, Kervyn, Nicolas, Friedman, Mike, Schönbrodt, Felix, Gnambs, Timo, Karick, Haruna, Cheong, Winnee, Carmichael, Cheryl, Curran, Paul, Kappes, Heather, Haigh, Matthew, Myachykov, Andriy, Smith, Michael, Malingumu, Winfrida, Aveyard, Mark, Ghoshal, Tanuka, Tear, Morgan, Saeri, Alexander, Murphy, Sean, Dozo, Nerisa, Sekerdej, Maciek, Sacco, Airi, Gonzalez, Roberto, Gomez, Angel, Vázquez, Alexandra, Vega, Diego, Doğulu, Canay, Alper, Sinan, Dalgar, Ilker, Huynh, Ho, Kurtz, Jaime, Welch, Cheryl, Berry, Daniel, Coleman, Jennifer, O'Donnell, Susan, Cushman, Fiery, Pinter, Brad, Edlund, John, Dukes, Kristin, Ruggs, Enrica, Finck, Carolyn, Jimenez-Leal, William, Durrheim, Kevin, Williams, Lisa, Govia, Ishtar, Inbar, Yoel, Verschoor, Mark, de Vries, Marieke, de Bruijn, Maaike, Maassen, Esther, Kurapov, German, Milfont, Taciano, Frankowska, Natalia, Bialobrzeska, Olga, Wronska, Marta, Lazarevic, Ljiljana, Knezevic, Goran, Petrovic, Boban, Međedović, Janko, Grahek, Ivan, Cicero, David, Sowden, Walter, Lewis, Neil, and Hall, Michael

Published
2022
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27. Integral emotions as a mediator between mental imageries and declared willingness to take risky action

Author

Smieja, Joanna, Zaleskiewicz, Tomasz, Traczyk, Jakub, and Sobkow, Agata

Subjects
FOS: Psychology, mental imagery, risk and uncertainty, integral emotions, Cognitive Psychology, Psychology, Social and Behavioral Sciences, decision, decision making, risk
Abstract

Recent research in the area of judgment and decision making indicates an important role of visual mental imagery in guiding decisions under risk and uncertainty (Sobkow et al. 2016; Traczyk et al., 2015; Zaleskiewicz et al., 2020). Future and decision-related mental imagery allows people to try out, in safe circumstances, the potential consequences and conditions of the choices they consider (Blackwell, 2020). Moreover, it has been documented that while generating mental images, people experience emotions related to visualized situations (Blackwell, 2020; Holmes & Mathews, 2010). It is an important premise, as the field of judgment and decision making has provided evidence that integral emotions play a crucial role in decision making under risk (Lerner et al., 2015; Loewenstein et al., 2001). In the present study, we hypothesize that emotions experienced in the phase of imagining different circumstances of a risky activity will mediate the relationship between the valence of mental imageries and declared willingness to take a risky action.

Published
2022
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28. Methods and Measures

Author

Coen, Sharon, Schmidt, Kathleen, Keller, Victor, Nosek, Brian, Klein, Richard, Chang, Jen-Ho, Houdek, Petr, Pollmann, Monique, Tybur, Joshua, Stouten, Jeroen, Green, Eva, Busching, Robert, Ujhelyi, Adrienn, Kende, Anna, Berkics, Mihaly, Orosz, Gabor, Maitner, Angela, Street, Chris, Ebersole, Charles, Collisson, Brian, Thomae, Manuela, Cantarero, Katarzyna, Sobkow, Agata, Traczyk, Jakub, Neto, Felix, English, Alexander, Sirlopu, David, John, Melissa-Sue, Eller, Anja, Freyre, Miguel-Ángel, Smith-Castro, Vanessa, Pérez, Rolando, Torres-Fernández, David, Nichols, Austin, Sundfelt, Oskar, Karabati, Serdar, Cemalcilar, Zeynep, Kamiloglu, Roza, Theriault, Jordan, Young, Liane, Easterbrook, Matthew, Babalola, Mayowa, Barlow, Fiona, McIntyre, Jason, Marotta, Satia, Salomon, Erika, O'Connor, Akira, Vásquez-Echeverría, Alejandro, Packard, Grant, Gill, Tripat, Adams, Byron, Adams, Reginald, Nelson, Anthony, Steiner, Troy, Cai, Huajian, Tang, Andrew, Giessner, Steffen, Hai, Kakul, Verniers, Catherine, Kervyn, Nicolas, Friedman, Mike, Schönbrodt, Felix, Gnambs, Timo, Karick, Haruna, Cheong, Winnee, Carmichael, Cheryl, Curran, Paul, Kappes, Heather, Haigh, Matthew, Myachykov, Andriy, Smith, Michael, Malingumu, Winfrida, Aveyard, Mark, Ghoshal, Tanuka, Tear, Morgan, Saeri, Alexander, Murphy, Sean, Dozo, Nerisa, Sekerdej, Maciek, Sacco, Airi, Gonzalez, Roberto, Gomez, Angel, Vázquez, Alexandra, Vega, Diego, Doğulu, Canay, Alper, Sinan, Dalgar, Ilker, Huynh, Ho, Kurtz, Jaime, Welch, Cheryl, Berry, Daniel, Coleman, Jennifer, O'Donnell, Susan, Cushman, Fiery, Pinter, Brad, Edlund, John, Dukes, Kristin, Ruggs, Enrica, Finck, Carolyn, Jimenez-Leal, William, Durrheim, Kevin, Williams, Lisa, Govia, Ishtar, Inbar, Yoel, Verschoor, Mark, de Vries, Marieke, de Bruijn, Maaike, Maassen, Esther, Kurapov, German, Milfont, Taciano, Frankowska, Natalia, Bialobrzeska, Olga, Wronska, Marta, Lazarevic, Ljiljana, Knezevic, Goran, Petrovic, Boban, Međedović, Janko, Grahek, Ivan, Cicero, David, Sowden, Walter, Lewis, Neil, and Hall, Michael

Published
2022
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29. Testing non-inferiority between high-payoff and low-payoff conditions

Author

Mondal, Supratik and Traczyk, Jakub

Subjects
FOS: Psychology, Decision strategy, Non-inferiority test, Cognitive Psychology, Psychology, Social and Behavioral Sciences, Payoff difference
Abstract

In our previous pre-registered study (https://osf.io/5zmws), we hypothesized that numerate individuals' decisions will be more consistent with a strategy based on maximizing relative changes in reward than absolute changes in reward. In other words, we hypothesized that in high-payoff condition (EV ratio between option A and option B is between 5-6), highly numerate individuals, compared to less numerate individuals, will make more decisions that are consistent with EV maximization strategy but not in low-payoff condition (EV ratio between option A and option B is between 1-2). The result partially confirmed our hypothesis. We noticed that numerate individuals made more decisions consistent with EV maximization strategy in high-payoff conditions. This difference in strategy sufficiently shows that introducing two payoff conditions caused the change in strategy. However, this change can be due to some latent common cause. In order to eliminate that line of argument, we will perform a between-group design study to demonstrate that when both payoff conditions are not presented to participants, there is no meaningful difference between decision strategy between low-payoff condition and high-payoff condition.

Published
2022
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30. The dynamic mental imagery task (DMIT): a new tool for studying the process of mental imagery in risk-related situations

Author

Sobkow, Agata, Traczyk, Jakub, and Zaleskiewicz, Tomasz

Subjects
FOS: Psychology, Psychology, Social and Behavioral Sciences, psychological phenomena and processes
Abstract

Our main aim is to test a new task for measuring the process of mental imagery. In particular, we intend to test whether the number of spontaneously-generated negative and positive mental images in response to risky situations is related to a tendency to engage in risky behavior. Moreover, we will compare this new task with a control task in which participants will be instructed to imagine risky situations but will not be asked to indicate whether they produced a negative or positive mental image.

Published
2022
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31. The Berlin Emotional Responses to Risk Instrument (BERRI)

Author

Petrova, Dafina, Sobkow, Agata, Traczyk, Jakub, Garcia-Retamero, Rocio, Garrido, Dunia, and Cokely, Edward

Subjects
behavioral disciplines and activities, humanities
Abstract

The Berlin Emotional Responses to Risk Instrument (BERRI) is an efficient 6-item measure of positive (3 items: assured, hopeful, relieved) and negative (3 items: anxious, afraid, worried) emotional reactions to risk and decision-relevant information. Administration time: about 1 minute.

Published
2022
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32. Predictors of better decisions from experience

Author

Traczyk, Jakub, Mondal, Supratik, and Lenda, Dominik

Subjects
FOS: Psychology, Cognitive Psychology, Psychology, Social and Behavioral Sciences
Abstract

In the study, we use the decision-from-experience task (DfE) to investigate the relationship between the sampling behavior (i.e., exploration of alternatives), numeracy, and superior decision making (i.e., the number of choices maximizing the expected value and total gain in the DfE task).

Published
2022
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33. Registered replication of Traczyk et al. (2018). Numerate decision makers don’t use more effortful strategies unless it pays

Author

Traczyk, Jakub and Mondal, Supratik

Subjects
Behavioral Economics, FOS: Psychology, Cognition and Perception, Economics, Cognitive Psychology, Psychology, Social and Behavioral Sciences, Decision making
Abstract

The original study investigated skilled and adaptive strategy selection in risky decision making. We wish to replicate the effect shown by Traczyk et al. (2018), where people with higher objective statistical numeracy (measured by Berlin Numeracy Test, BNT, Cokely et al., 2012), in comparison to people with lower numeracy, adaptively select choice strategy depending on the task structure or the characteristics of the environment. Put differently, highly numerate people do not use more effortful strategies unless it is strictly required; in trivial choice problems, they employ fast and frugal heuristic processing, but in meaningful problems, they engage more elaborate and effortful information processing. We propose that people with high objective statistical numeracy are able to learn the importance of the decision problems. If it is meaningful, they are likely to deliberate longer to make a superior decision, making choices consistent with predictions of more effortful and reward maximizing choice strategies predicted by Cumulative Prospect Theory/Expected Value (CPT/EV) theory, but if the decision problems are trivial and lead to comparable payoffs, they make faster but normatively suboptimal choices consistent with predictions of fast and frugal priority heuristic (PH). Reference- Cokely, E. T., Galesic, M., Schulz, E., Garcia-Retamero, R., & Ghazal, S. (2012). Measuring Risk Literacy: The Berlin Numeracy Test. Judgment and Decision Making, 7(1), 23. Traczyk, J., Sobkow, A., Fulawka, K., Kus, J., Garcia-Retamero, R., & Petrova, D. (2018). Numerate decision makers don’t use more effortful strategies unless it pays: A process tracing investigation of skilled and adaptive strategy selection in risky decision making. Judgment and Decision Making, 11.

Published
2022
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34. Modulation in decision strategy contingent on relative change in payoff

Author

Mondal, Supratik and Traczyk, Jakub

Subjects
FOS: Psychology, Cognitive Psychology, Psychology, Social and Behavioral Sciences
Abstract

Earlier studies have demonstrated that highly numerate individuals, compared to less numerate individuals, are more consistent in their preferences and more sensitive to relative changes in the payoff structure. In choice problems where the payoff difference between two options is large, numerate individuals consistently, on average, followed strategy that is consistent with EV maximization policy but did not follow EV consistent strategy when the payoff difference between two options is comparable. Put simply, modulation in decision strategy is positively correlated with payoff difference. However, these results failed to shed light on the specific nature of the decision strategy implemented in the aforementioned two conditions. The current study will extend the existing results and explore the specific nature of the decision strategy used in both conditions.

Published
2022
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35. I’m in a mood, therefore I imagine: Incidental mood impacts mental imagery in the decision process in risk and uncertainty

Author

Smieja, Joanna, Zaleskiewicz, Tomasz, Sobkow, Agata, and Traczyk, Jakub

Subjects
FOS: Psychology, incidental mood, mental imagery, risk and uncertainty, mood, Cognitive Psychology, Psychology, Social and Behavioral Sciences, decision, decision making
Abstract

Recent research in the area of judgment and decision making points out an important role of visual mental imagery in guiding an action in risky and uncertain situations (Sobkow et al. 2016; Traczyk et al., 2015; Zaleskiewicz et al., 2020). Also, incidental mood is often mentioned as a factor influencing people’s actions (Forgas, 1995, Lerner et al. 2015, Loewenstein et al., 2001). Moreover, there is empirical evidence outside of decision making context, showing that incidental mood might be an important factor influencing the content of emotional future thinking, also the one in the form of visual mental imagery (Barsics et al., 2016). In the present study, we aim to connect mentioned lines of research and investigate whether there is an association between mood and mental imagery in making risky decisions. We assume that experienced incidental mood will influence decision-related mental imagery, and this relationship will determine participants’ willingness to take an action in risk and uncertainty.

Published
2022
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36. Mental imagery, integral emotions and decision making under risk and uncertainty

Author

Smieja, Joanna, Zaleskiewicz, Tomasz, Traczyk, Jakub, and Sobkow, Agata

Subjects
FOS: Psychology, integral affect, mental imagery, integral emotions, Cognitive Psychology, Psychology, Social and Behavioral Sciences, uncertainty, decision making, decisions, risk
Abstract

Recent research in the area of judgment and decision making points out an important role of visual mental imagery in guiding an action in risky and uncertain situations (Sobkow et al. 2016; Traczyk et al., 2015; Zaleskiewicz et al., 2020). Future and decision-related mental imagery allows people to try out, in safe circumstances, the potential consequences and conditions of making choices (Blackwell, 2020). Moreover, it is widely accepted in scientific literature that while imagining, people experience emotions possibly related to visualized situations (Blackwell, 2020; Holmes & Mathews, 2010). It is an important premise, as the field of judgment and decision making, provides empirical evidence that integral emotions play a crucial role in making choices, especially in risk and uncertainty (Lerner et al., 2015; Loewenstein et al., 2001). In the present study, we assume to find a positive correlation between the valence of decision-related mental imagery and ratings of willingness to take an action.

Published
2022
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37. Is mental imagery spontaneously used in risky decision-making?: the investigation of the types of strategies used in making risky decisions

Author

Smieja, Joanna, Zaleskiewicz, Tomasz, Traczyk, Jakub, and Sobkow, Agata

Subjects
FOS: Psychology, mental imagery, risk and uncertainty, Cognitive Psychology, Psychology, Social and Behavioral Sciences, decision, decision making, risk
Abstract

Researchers working in the area of judgment and decision making agree that people vary in the types of processes they use while making risky decisions in natural situations. In particular, factors such as personal experiences from the past, assessments of threats and benefits and emotional reactions to the situation are most often mentioned and well evidenced (Lerner et al., 2015; Loewenstein et al, 2001; Weber & Lindemann, 2007). Nevertheless, there is a growing scope of research indicating an important role of visual mental imagery in guiding behaviors in risky and uncertain situations (Sobkow et al. 2016; Traczyk et al., 2015; Zaleskiewicz et al., 2020). It is said that future and decision-related mental imagery allows people to “try out”, in safe circumstances, the potential consequences and conditions of their decision making (Blackwell, 2020). Moreover, people directly assess that around 60% of daily experienced mental imageries about the future are related to making choices and goals attainment (Barsics et al., 2016). In addition, all aforementioned processes can differ not only as a function of individual propensities, but also depending on the domain in which the decision is made (Weber & Lindemann, 2007). In the present study, we plan to investigate what types of processes people spontaneously use while confronted with risk in five decision domains. We are especially interested in examining whether and how often participants will report the spontaneous use of visual mental imagery as a decision strategy, and what is the prevalence of this strategy among all examined domains. Additional analysis of the predictive value of different types of process on declared willingness to take risk will be conducted.

Published
2022
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38. The effect of the valence of mental imagery on declared willingness to take risk in five risk domains

Author

Smieja, Joanna, Zaleskiewicz, Tomasz, Traczyk, Jakub, and Sobkow, Agata

Subjects
FOS: Psychology, mental imagery, risk and uncertainty, Cognitive Psychology, Psychology, Social and Behavioral Sciences, decision, uncertainty, decision making, risk
Abstract

Recent research in the area of judgment and decision making indicates an important role of visual mental imagery in guiding behaviors in risky and uncertain situations (Sobkow et al. 2016; Traczyk et al., 2015; Zaleskiewicz et al., 2020). Future and decision-related mental imagery allows people to try out, in safe circumstances, the potential consequences and conditions of their decision making (Blackwell, 2020). Moreover, it is widely accepted that generating vivid and lively mental images elicits emotions (Blackwell, 2020; Holmes & Mathews, 2010). It is an important premise, as research related to judgment and decision making provides evidence that integral emotions play a crucial role in making choices, especially under risk and uncertainty (Lerner et al., 2015; Loewenstein et al, 2001). In the present study, we plan to investigate whether the valence of decision-related mental imagery will be related to declared choices under risk. In particular, we will examine the causal relationship between the valence of mental imagery and the willingness to take risk.

Published
2022
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39. Many Labs 2: Investigating Variation in Replicability Across Sample and Setting

Author

Salomon , Erika, Smith-Castro , Vanessa, Chang , Jen-Ho, Collisson , Brian, Malingumu , Winfrida, Karick , Haruna, Cambier , Fanny, Eller , Anja, Coleman , Jennifer, Kovacs , Carrie, Williams , Lisa, Pinter , Brad, Vranka , Marek, Packard , Grant, Zelenski , John, Sundfelt , Oskar, Hall , Michael, Thomae , Manuela, Schmidt , Kathleen, Haigh , Matthew, Finck , Carolyn, Galliani , Elisa, Steiner , Troy, Bernstein , Michael, Ebersole , Charles, Tybur , Joshua, Dunham , Yarrow, Stouten , Jeroen, Coen , Sharon, Smith , Michael, Gnambs , Timo, Hicks , Joshua, Giessner , Steffen, Osowiecka , Malgorzata, Devos , Thierry, Mallett , Robyn, English , Alexander, Nelson , Anthony, Cheong , Winnee, Petrovic , Boban, Ujhelyi , Adrienn, Gonzalez , Roberto, Berkics , Mihaly, Graham , Jesse, Nichols , Austin, Dozo , Nerisa, Tang , Andrew, Szumowska , Ewa, Skorinko , Jeanine, Rosa , Anna, Haines , Elizabeth, Myachykov , Andriy, Carmichael , Cheryl, Maitner , Angela, Vega , Diego, Van Der Hulst , Marije, Oikawa , Masanori, Ghoshal , Tanuka, Frankowska , Natalia, Saavedra , Patricio, Keller , Victor, Torres-Fernández , David, Huntsinger , Jeffrey, Sirlopu , David, ODonnell , Susan, Bialobrzeska , Olga, Levitan , Carmel, Berry , Daniel, Spachtholz , Philipp, Curran , Paul, Traczyk , Jakub, Kurapov , German, Kurtz , Jaime, Lakens , Daniel, Sacco , Airi, Corker , Katherine, Durrheim , Kevin, Chandler , Jesse, Cai , Huajian, Jimenez-Leal , William, Easterbrook , Matthew, Maassen , Esther, Saeri , Alexander, Brandt , Mark, Cantarero , Katarzyna, Hai , Kakul, Heffernan , Marie, Kende , Anna, Doğulu , Canay, Karabati , Serdar, Freyre , Miguel-Ángel, Voermans, Ingrid, Huynh , Ho, Busching , Robert, Nosek , Brian, Woodzicka , Julie, John , Melissa-Sue, Orosz , Gabor, Coen, Sharon, Van T Veer , Anna, Joy-Gaba , Jennifer, Dukes , Kristin, Marotta , Satia, Welch , Cheryl, Tear , Morgan, Lazarevic , Ljiljana, Kamiloglu , Roza, Van Assen , Marcel, Međedović , Janko, Podesta , Lysandra, Pollmann , Monique, Schönbrodt , Felix, Theriault , Jordan, De Bruijn , Maaike, Sekerdej , Maciek, Ms Ms, Alexandra, Pr. Pr., Nicolas, Grahe , Jon, Neto , Felix, Conway , Morgan, Klein , Richard, Mcintyre , Jason, Murphy , Sean, Adams Jr., Reginald, Kappes , Heather, Cushman , Fiery, Street , Chris, Wichman , Aaron, Lewis Jr., Neil, Babalola , Mayowa, Alper , Sinan, Hasselman , Fred, Aveyard , Mark, Saavedra, Patricio, Babalola, Mayowa, Torres-Fernández, David, Vianello , Michelangelo, Adams , Byron, Barlow , Fiona, Axt , Jordan, Bahník , Štěpán, Young , Liane, Sowden, Walter, Knezevic , Goran, Verschoor , Mark, Tanzer , Norbert, Edlund , John, De Vries, Marieke, Vaughn , Leigh, Morris , Wendy, Lins , Samuel, Rutchick , Abraham, Krueger , Lacy, Ijzerman , Hans, Green , Eva, Davis , William, Inbar , Yoel, Sobkow , Agata, Cicero , David, Bocian , Konrad, Houdek , Petr, Chatard , Armand, Gomez , Angel, Innes-Ker , Åse, Dalgar , Ilker, Echeverría , Alejandro, Milfont , Taciano, Cemalcilar , Zeynep, Wronska , Marta, Gill , Tripat, Verniers , Catherine, Pilati , Ronaldo, Friedman , Mike, Grahek , Ivan, Chen , Eva, Neijenhuijs , Koen, Pérez , Rolando, Kappes , Andreas, and Coen, S

Subjects
manylabs, PsyArXiv|Social and Behavioral Sciences, replication, bepress|Social and Behavioral Sciences, PsyArXiv|Social and Behavioral Sciences|Cognitive Psychology, bepress|Social and Behavioral Sciences|Psychology|Personality and Social Contexts, bepress|Social and Behavioral Sciences|Psychology|Quantitative Psychology, PsyArXiv|Social and Behavioral Sciences|Quantitative Methods, psychology, PsyArXiv|Social and Behavioral Sciences|Social and Personality Psychology, WEIRD, bepress|Social and Behavioral Sciences|Psychology|Cognitive Psychology
Abstract

We conducted preregistered replications of 28 classic and contemporary published findings with protocols that were peer reviewed in advance to examine variation in effect magnitudes across sample and setting. Each protocol was administered to approximately half of 125 samples and 15,305 total participants from 36 countries and territories. Using conventional statistical significance (p < .05), fifteen (54%) of the replications provided evidence in the same direction and statistically significant as the original finding. With a strict significance criterion (p < .0001), fourteen (50%) provide such evidence reflecting the extremely high powered design. Seven (25%) of the replications had effect sizes larger than the original finding and 21 (75%) had effect sizes smaller than the original finding. The median comparable Cohen’s d effect sizes for original findings was 0.60 and for replications was 0.15. Sixteen replications (57%) had small effect sizes (< .20) and 9 (32%) were in the opposite direction from the original finding. Across settings, 11 (39%) showed significant heterogeneity using the Q statistic and most of those were among the findings eliciting the largest overall effect sizes; only one effect that was near zero in the aggregate showed significant heterogeneity. Only one effect showed a Tau > 0.20 indicating moderate heterogeneity. Nine others had a Tau near or slightly above 0.10 indicating slight heterogeneity. In moderation tests, very little heterogeneity was attributable to task order, administration in lab versus online, and exploratory WEIRD versus less WEIRD culture comparisons. Cumulatively, variability in observed effect sizes was more attributable to the effect being studied than the sample or setting in which it was studied.\ud \ud Data, materials and code available at: https://osf.io/8cd4r/

Published
2022
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41. Recurring suboptimal choices result in superior decision making

Author

Traczyk, Jakub, Mondal, Supratik, and Lenda, Dominik

Abstract

A vast body of research has indicated that individuals with higher statistical numeracy, in comparison to individuals with lower statistical numeracy, make superior decisions by employing more deliberative processes leading to selecting options with the highest expected value (EV). However, it is not feasible to deliberate every time we make a choice due to cognitive and environmental constraints. In one simulation study and three well-powered, fully-incentivized empirical studies using the decision-from-experience task, we identified conditions where recurring suboptimal choices were more rewarding than a normatively superior strategy. That is, even if individual choices in isolation are considered suboptimal in light of the EV maximization principle, individuals with higher numeracy can adapt their decision strategy in accordance with changes in the task structure, and make faster suboptimal (or random in terms of EV maximization) decisions that result in overall superior performance (e.g., earning more money). We found that individuals who maximized EV without time constraints accumulated higher total gain. However, the trend reversed in the following two studies. Participants who made more suboptimal choices, under time constraints, earned more money than those who spent more time maximizing EV. Importantly, we found that more numerate individuals made significant adjustments to their meta-cognitive decision processes and made more quick suboptimal choices resulting in better overall earnings than less numerate individuals. Finally, our results also indicate that more numerate individuals are better at identifying the changes in the task structure and are more rational in their use of cognitive and environmental resources.

Published
2022
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44. Measuring feelings about choices and risks: The Berlin Emotional Responses to Risk Instrument (BERRI).

Author

Petrova, Dafina, Cokely, Edward T., Sobkow, Agata, Traczyk, Jakub, Garrido, Dunia, and Garcia‐Retamero, Rocio

Subjects
AFFECT (Psychology), RISK communication, COVID-19 pandemic, DECISION making, EMOTIONS, PREDICTIVE validity
Abstract

We introduce a brief instrument specifically validated for measuring positive and negative feelings about risks—the Berlin Emotional Responses to Risk Instrument (BERRI). Based on seven studies involving diverse adults from three countries (n = 2120), the BERRI was found to robustly estimate anticipatory affective reactions derived from subjective evaluations of positive (i.e., assured, hopeful, and relieved) and negative emotions (i.e., anxious, afraid, and worried). The brief BERRI outperformed a 14‐item assessment, uniquely tracking costs/benefits associated with cancer screening among men and women (Studies 1 and 2). Predictive validity was further documented in paradigmatic risky choice studies wherein options varied over probabilities and severities across six contexts (health, social, financial, technological, ethical, and environmental; Study 3). Studies 4–6, conducted during the Ebola epidemic and COVID‐19 pandemic, indicated BERRI responses were sensitive to subtle effects caused by emotion‐related framing manipulations presented in different cultures and languages (the United States, Spain, and Poland). Study 7 indicated BERRI responses remained stable for 2 weeks. Although the BERRI can provide an estimate of overall affect, choices were generally better explained by the unique influences of positive and negative affect. Overall, results suggest the novel, brief instrument can be an efficient tool for high‐stakes research on decision making and risk communication. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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50. Appendix_online_supp – Supplemental material for Associations between Case Fatality Rates and Self-reported Fear of Neoplasms and Circulatory Diseases

Author

Fulawka, Kamil, Lenda, Dominik, and Traczyk, Jakub

Subjects
111708 Health and Community Services, 111799 Public Health and Health Services not elsewhere classified, 160807 Sociological Methodology and Research Methods, FOS: Health sciences, FOS: Sociology
Abstract

Supplemental material, Appendix_online_supp for Associations between Case Fatality Rates and Self-reported Fear of Neoplasms and Circulatory Diseases by Kamil Fulawka, Dominik Lenda and Jakub Traczyk in Medical Decision Making

Published
2019
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