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84 results on '"Tracy Clarke"'

1. Nuclear Activity in the Low-metallicity Dwarf Galaxy SDSS J0944-0038 : A Glimpse into the Primordial Universe

Author: Michael Reefe, Shobita Satyapal, Remington O. Sexton, Nathan J. Secrest, William Matzko, Emma Schwartzman, Kristina Nyland, Gabriela Canalizo, Barry Rothberg, Ryan W. Pfeifle, Jenna M. Cann, Archana Aravindan, Camilo Vazquez, and Tracy Clarke
Subjects: Dwarf irregular galaxies, Supermassive black holes, AGN host galaxies, Astrophysics, QB460-466
Abstract: Local low-metallicity dwarf galaxies are relics of the early universe and are thought to hold clues into the origins of supermassive black holes. While recent studies are uncovering a growing population of active galactic nuclei (AGNs) in dwarf galaxies, the vast majority reside in galaxies with solar or supersolar metallicities and stellar masses comparable to that of the LMC. Using Multi-Unit Spectroscopic Explorer (MUSE) and Very Large Telescope observations, we report the detection of [Fe x ] λ 6374 coronal line emission and a broad H α line in the nucleus of SDSS J094401.87−003832.1, a nearby ( z = 0.0049) metal-poor dwarf galaxy almost 500 times less massive than the LMC. Unlike the emission from the lower-ionization nebular lines, the [Fe x ] λ 6374 emission is compact and centered on the brightest nuclear source, with a spatial extent of ≈100 pc, similar to that seen in well-known AGNs. The [Fe x ] luminosity is ≈10 ^37 erg s ^−1 , within the range seen in previously identified AGNs in the dwarf-galaxy population. The [Fe x ] emission has persisted over the roughly 19 yr time period between the SDSS and MUSE observations, ruling out supernovae as the origin for the emission. The FWHM of the broad component of the H α line is 446 ± 17 km s ^−1 and its luminosity is ≈1.5 × 10 ^38 erg s ^−1 , corresponding to a black hole mass of ≈ 3150 M _⊙ , in line with its stellar mass if virial mass relations and black hole–galaxy scaling relations apply in this mass regime. These observations, together with previously reported multiwavelength observations, can most plausibly be explained by the presence of an accreting intermediate-mass black hole in a primordial galaxy analog.
Published: 2023
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2. A Candidate Relativistic Tidal Disruption Event at 340 Mpc

Author: Jean J. Somalwar, Vikram Ravi, Dillon Z. Dong, Yuyang Chen, Shari Breen, Poonam Chandra, Tracy Clarke, Kishalay De, B. M. Gaensler, Gregg Hallinan, Sibasish Laha, Casey Law, Steven T. Myers, Tyler Parsotan, Wendy Peters, and Emil Polisensky
Subjects: Tidal disruption, Active galactic nuclei, Radio transient sources, Relativistic jets, Transient sources, High energy astrophysics, Astrophysics, QB460-466
Abstract: We present observations of an extreme radio flare, VT J024345.70-284040.08, hereafter VT J0243, from the nucleus of a galaxy with evidence for historic Seyfert activity at redshift z = 0.074. Between NRAO Very Large Array (VLA) Sky Survey observations in 1993 to VLA Sky Survey observations in 2018, VT J0243 rose from a ∼ GHz radio luminosity of ν L _ν ≲ 10 ^38 erg s ^−1 to ν L _ν ∼ 10 ^40 erg s ^−1 , and still continues to brighten. The radio spectral energy distribution evolution is consistent with a nascent jet that has slowed over ∼3000 days with an average 0.1
Published: 2023
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3. Radio and X-ray Observations of the Restarted Radio Galaxy in the Galaxy Cluster CL 0838+1948

Author: Simona Giacintucci, Tracy Clarke, Namir E. Kassim, Wendy Peters, and Emil Polisensky
Subjects: radio galaxies, active galactic nuclei, galaxy clusters, Astronomy, QB1-991
Abstract: We present VLA Low-band Ionosphere and Transient Experiment (VLITE) 338 MHz observations of the galaxy cluster CL 0838+1948. We combine the VLITE data with Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope 610 MHz observations and survey data. The central galaxy hosts a 250 kpc source whose emission is dominated by two large lobes at low frequencies. At higher frequencies, a pair of smaller lobes (∼30 kpc) is detected within the galaxy optical envelope. The observed morphology is consistent with a restarted radio galaxy. The outer lobes have a spectral index αout=1.6, indicating that they are old, whereas the inner lobes have αinn=0.6, typical for an active source. Spectral modeling confirms that the outer emission is a dying source whose nuclear activity switched off not more than 110 Myr ago. Using archival Chandra X-ray data, we compare the radio and hot gas emission. We find that the active radio source is contained within the innermost and X-ray brightest region, possibly a galactic corona. Alternatively, it could be the remnant of a larger cool core whose outer layers have been heated by the former epoch of activity that has generated the outer lobes.
Published: 2021
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4. AGN feedback in galaxy group 3C 88: cavities, shock, and jet reorientation

Author: Wenhao Liu, Ming Sun, Paul Nulsen, Tracy Clarke, Craig Sarazin, William Forman, Massimo Gaspari, Simona Giacintucci, Dharam Vir Lal, and Tim Edge
Published: 2019
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5. Chandra and XMM-Newton Observations of A2256: Cold Fronts, Merger Shocks, and Constraint on the IC Emission

Author: Chong Ge, Ruo-Yu Liu, Ming Sun, Heng Yu, Lawrence Rudnick, Jean Eilek, Frazer Owen, Sarthak Dasadia, Mariachiara Rossetti, Maxim L Markevitch, Tracy Clarke, Thomas W Jones, Simona Ghizzardi, Tiziana Venturi, Alexis Finoguenov, and Dominique Eckert
Subjects: Astronomy
Abstract: We present the results of deep Chandra and XMM-Newton observations of a complex merging galaxy cluster Abell 2256 (A2256) that hosts a spectacular radio relic (RR).The temperature and metallicity maps show clear evidence of a merger between the western subcluster (SC) and the primary cluster (PC). We detect five X-ray surface brightness edges. Three of them near the cluster center are cold fronts (CFs): CF1is associated with the infalling SC; CF2 is located in the east of the PC; and CF3 is to the west of the PC core. The other two edges at cluster outskirts are shock fronts(SFs): SF1 near the RR in the NW has Mach numbers derived from the temperature and the density jumps, respectively, of MT=1.62±0.12andMρ=1.23±0.06; SF2 in the SE has MT=1.54±0.05andMρ=1.16±0.13. In the region of the RR, there is no evidence for the correlation between X-ray and radio substructures, from which we estimate an upper limit for the inverse-Compton emission, and therefore set a lower limit on the magnetic field (∼450 kpc from PC center) of B>1.0μG for a single power-law electron spectrum or B>0.4μG for a broken power-law electron spectrum. We propose a merger scenario including a PC, an SC, and a group. Our merger scenario accounts for the X-ray edges, diffuse radio features, and galaxy kinematics, as well as projection effects.
Published: 2020
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6. Nuclear Activity in the Low Metallicity Dwarf Galaxy SDSS J0944-0038: A Glimpse into the Primordial Universe

Author: Michael Reefe, Shobita Satyapal, Remington O. Sexton, Nathan J. Secrest, William Matzko, Emma Schwartzman, Kristina Nyland, Gabriela Canalizo, Barry Rothberg, Ryan W. Pfeifle, Jenna M. Cann, Archana Aravindan, Camilo Vazquez, and Tracy Clarke
Subjects: Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract: Local low metallicity dwarf galaxies are relics of the early universe and hold clues into the origins of supermassive black holes (SMBHs). In recent work, coronal lines have been used to unveil a population of candidate accreting black holes in dwarf galaxies with gas phase metallicities and stellar masses well below the host galaxies of any previously known AGNs. Using MUSE/VLT observations, we report the detection of [Fe X] $\lambda$6374 coronal line emission and a broad H$\alpha$ line in the nucleus of SDSS J094401.87$-$003832.1, a nearby ($z=0.0049$) metal poor dwarf galaxy almost 500 times less massive than the LMC. The [Fe X] $\lambda$6374 emission is compact and centered on the brightest nuclear source, with a spatial extent of $\approx$100 pc. The [Fe X] luminosity is $\approx 10^{37}$ erg s$^{-1}$, within the range seen in previously identified AGNs in the dwarf galaxy population. This line has never been observed in gas ionized by hot stars. While it can be produced in supernova ejecta, the [Fe X] flux from SDSS J094401.87$-$003832.1 has persisted over the ~19 year time period between the SDSS and MUSE observations, ruling out supernovae as the origin for the emission. The black hole mass measured from the broad H$\alpha$ FWHM and luminosity is $\approx 3150$ M$_\odot$, in line with its stellar mass if virial mass relations and black hole-galaxy scaling relations apply in this mass regime. These observations, together with previously reported multi-wavelength observations, can most plausibly be explained by the presence of an accreting intermediate mass black hole in a primordial galaxy analog. However, we cannot rule out the possibility that current stellar population models of metal poor stars significantly under-predict the stellar ionizing photon flux, and that metal poor stars can produce an extreme ionizing spectrum similar to that produced by AGNs., Comment: 13 pages, 6 figures, 1 table, accepted for publication in ApJL
Published: 2022

7. Evaluating automated titre score as an alternative to continuous flow analysis for the prediction of passive<scp>anti‐D</scp>in pregnancy

Author: Christopher Hall, Michelle L. Evans, Eva-Maria Surmann, Tracy Clarke, Kerry Dowling, Matthew R. Barnett, Sophie C. I. Callsen, Tracey Lofting, Nicolette Heydon, Wim Malomgre, and Benjamin Holmes
Subjects: Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Serial dilution, Referral, Cost-Benefit Analysis, Rho(D) Immune Globulin, Medical laboratory, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Erythroblastosis, Fetal, ortho vision, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Pregnancy, Internal medicine, Humans, Medicine, Alternative methods, Rh-Hr Blood-Group System, business.industry, Continuous flow, titre score, Original Articles, Hematology, medicine.disease, Coombs Test, Titer, automated titre, Female, Original Article, anti‐D, Indirect Antiglobulin Test, continuous flow analyser, business, HDFN, 030215 immunology
Abstract: Summary Objectives To evaluate the potential of the automated titre score (TS) as an alternative method to continuous flow analysis (CFA) for the prediction of the nature of anti‐D in pregnancy. Background The 2016 revised British Society for Haematology (BSH) antenatal guidelines recommended a measurement of anti‐D concentration by CFA to ensure the detection of potential immune anti‐D. Due to high referral costs and resource pressures, uptake has been challenging for hospital laboratories. Serious Hazards of transfusion (SHOT) data have previously shown that this has contributed to missed antenatal follow ups for women with immune anti‐D and neonates affected by haemolytic disease of the fetus/newborn. Methods/Materials In this multicentre comparative study, samples referred for CFA quantification were also tested by an ORTHO VISION automated anti‐D indirect antiglobulin test (IAT) serial dilution and then converted to TS. CFA results and history of anti‐D prophylaxis were used to categorise samples as passive or immune, with the aim of determining a potential TS cut‐off for CFA referral of at risk patients. Results Five UK National Health Service (NHS) trusts generated a total of 196 anti‐D TS results, of which 128 were classified as passive and 68 as immune. Diagnostic testing of CFA and TS values indicated a TS cut‐off of 35 to assist in distinguishing the nature of anti‐D. Using this cut‐off, 175 (89%) results were correctly assigned into the passive or immune range, giving a specificity of 92.19% and a negative predictive value of 91.47%. Conclusion TS in conjunction with clinical and anti‐D prophylaxis history can be used as a viable and cost‐effective alternative to CFA in a hospital laboratory setting.
Published: 2020
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8. Variable radio AGN at high redshift identified in the VLA Sky Survey

Author: Kristina Nyland, Vivienne F. Baldassare, Pallavi Patil, Emil Polisensky, Mark Lacy, D. Dong, Namir E. Kassim, Dipanjan Mukherjee, Tracy Clarke, Sjoert van Velzen, Sumit K. Sarbadhicary, Gregg Hallinan, Amy Kimball, and Wendy Peters
Subjects: Physics, Very large array, Active galactic nucleus, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, media_common.quotation_subject, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Quasar, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, 01 natural sciences, Redshift, Space and Planetary Science, Sky, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), 0103 physical sciences, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, media_common
Abstract: As part of an on-going study of radio transients in Epoch 1 (2017-2019) of the Very Large Array Sky Survey (VLASS), we have discovered a sample of 0.2, Comment: IAU Symposium No. 359 Proceedings: Galaxy evolution and feedback across different environments
Published: 2020
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9. X-Ray Emission from the Jets and Lobes of the Spiderweb

Author: Christopher L. Carilli, Craig S. Anderson, Paolo Tozzi, Maurilio Pannella, Tracy Clarke, L. Pentericci, Ang Liu, Tony Mroczkowski, G. K. Miley, H. J. Rottgering, S. Borgani, Colin Norman, A. Saro, M. Nonino, L. Di Mascolo, Carilli, Christopher L., Anderson, Craig S., Tozzi, Paolo, Pannella, Maurilio, Clarke, Tracy, Pentericci, L., Liu, Ang, Mroczkowski, Tony, Miley, G. K., Rottgering, H. J., Borgani, S., Norman, Colin, Saro, A., Nonino, M., and Di Mascolo, L.
Subjects: Radio galaxie, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Radio galaxies, High-energy cosmic radiation, Radio jets, Cosmic microwave background radiation, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Radio jet, Space and Planetary Science
Abstract: Deep Chandra and Very Large Array imaging reveals a clear correlation between X-ray and radio emission on scales ∼100 kpc in the Spiderweb radio galaxy at z = 2.16. The X-ray emission associated with the extended radio source is likely dominated by inverse Compton upscattering of cosmic microwave background photons by the radio-emitting relativistic electrons. For regions dominated by high surface brightness emission, such as hot spots and jet knots, the implied magnetic fields are ∼50–70 μG. The nonthermal pressure in these brighter regions is then ∼9 × 10−10 dynes cm−2, or three times larger than the nonthermal pressure derived assuming minimum energy conditions, and an order of magnitude larger than the thermal pressure in the ambient cluster medium. Assuming ram pressure confinement implies an average advance speed for the radio source of ∼2400 km s−1 and a source age of ∼3 × 107 yr. Considering the lower surface brightness, diffuse radio-emitting regions, we identify an evacuated cavity in the Lyα emission coincident with the tail of the eastern radio lobe. Making reasonable assumptions for the radio spectrum, we find that the relativistic electrons and fields in the lobe are plausibly in pressure equilibrium with the thermal gas and close to a minimum energy configuration. The radio morphology suggests that the Spiderweb is a high-z example of the rare class of hybrid morphology radio sources (or HyMoRS), which we attribute to interaction with the asymmetric gaseous environment indicated by the Lyα emission.
Published: 2022

10. The Spiderweb Protocluster is Being Magnetized by Its Central Radio Jet

Author: Craig S. Anderson, Christopher L. Carilli, Paolo Tozzi, G. K. Miley, S. Borgani, Tracy Clarke, Luca Di Mascolo, Ang Liu, Tony Mroczkowski, Maurilio Pannella, L. Pentericci, H. J. A. Rottgering, A. Saro, Anderson, Craig S., Carilli, Christopher L., Tozzi, Paolo, Miley, G. K., Borgani, S., Clarke, Tracy, DI MASCOLO, Luca, Liu, Ang, Mroczkowski, Tony, Pannella, Maurilio, Pentericci, L., Rottgering, H. J. A., and Saro, A.
Subjects: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysic, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, Protoclusters, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics, High-redshift galaxy clusters, Extragalactic magnetic fields, Astrophysic, Extragalactic magnetic field, Radio galaxies, Polarimetry, Astrophysics of Galaxie, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Protocluster, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Astrophysics of Galaxies, Radio galaxie, Astronomy and Astrophysics, High-redshift galaxy cluster, 507, 2007, 1343, 1278, 1297, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: We present deep broadband radio polarization observations of the Spiderweb radio galaxy (J1140-2629) in a galaxy proto-cluster at $z=2.16$. These yield the most detailed polarimetric maps yet made of a high redshift radio galaxy. The intrinsic polarization angles and Faraday Rotation Measures (RMs) reveal coherent magnetic fields spanning the $\sim60$ kpc length of the jets, while $\sim50$% fractional polarizations indicate these fields are well-ordered. Source-frame absolute RM values of $\sim1,000$ rad/m/m are typical, and values up to $\sim11,100$ rad/m/m are observed. The Faraday-rotating gas cannot be well-mixed with the synchrotron-emitting gas, or stronger-than-observed depolarization would occur. Nevertheless, an observed spatial coincidence between a localized absolute RM enhancement of $\sim1,100$ rad/m/m, a bright knot of Ly$\alpha$ emission, and a deviation of the radio jet provide direct evidence for vigorous jet-gas interaction. We detect a large-scale RM gradient totaling $\sim1,000$s rad/m/m across the width of the jet, suggesting a net clockwise (as viewed from the AGN) toroidal magnetic field component exists at 10s-of-kpc-scales, which we speculate may be associated with the operation of a Poynting-Robertson cosmic battery. We conclude the RMs are mainly generated in a sheath of hot gas around the radio jet, rather than the ambient foreground proto-cluster gas. The estimated magnetic field strength decreases by successive orders-of-magnitude going from the jet hotspots ($\sim90$ $\mu$G) to the jet sheath ($\sim10$ $\mu$G) to the ambient intracluster medium ($\sim1$ $\mu$G). Synthesizing our results, we propose that the Spiderweb radio galaxy is actively magnetizing its surrounding proto-cluster environment, with possible implications for theories of the origin and evolution of cosmic magnetic fields., Comment: 12 pages, 7 figures, 2 tables. Accepted for publication in ApJ
Published: 2022
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11. Tocilizumab in patients admitted to hospital with COVID-19 (RECOVERY): a randomised, controlled, open-label, platform trial

Author: Obbina Abani, Ali Abbas, Fatima Abbas, Mustafa Abbas, Sadia Abbasi, Hakam Abbass, Alfie Abbott, Nabeel Abdallah, Ashraf Abdelaziz, Mohamed Abdelfattah, Bushra Abdelqader, Basir Abdul, Althaf Abdul Rasheed, Ajibode Abdulakeem, Rezan Abdul-Kadir, Abdulfatahi Abdulmumeen, Rasheed Abdul-Raheem, Niyaz Abdulshukkoor, Kula Abdusamad, Yazeed Abed El Khaleq, Mai Abedalla, Abeer Abeer Ul Amna, Katrina Abernethy, Adebanke Aboaba, Hani Abo-Leyah, Ahmed Abou-Haggar, Mahmoud Abouibrahim, Miriam Abraham, Tizzy Abraham, Abraheem Abraheem, Judith Abrams, Hyacinth-John Abu, Ahmed Abu-Arafeh, Syed M Abubacker, Akata Abung, Yaa Aceampong, Amaka Achara, Devikumar Acharya, Sarah Acheampong, Janet Acheson, Andres Acosta, Catherine Acton, Jacqueline Adabie-Ankrah, Fiona Adam, Matthew Adam, Huzaifa Adamali, Carol Adams, Charlotte Adams, Kate Adams, Richard Adams, Tim Adams, Kirsty Adcock, Jemaimah Addai, Ade Adebiyi, Ken Adegoke, Vicki Adell, Sherna Adenwalla, Oluwasegun A Adesemoye, Emmanuel O Adewunmi, Joyce Adeyemi, Rina Adhikary, Gabrielle Adkins, Adnan Adnan, John Aeron-Thomas, Debbie Affleck, Carmel Afnan, Muhammad Afridi, Zainab A Aftab, Meenakshi Agarwal, Rachel Agbeko, Chris Agbo, Penny Agent, Sunil Aggarwal, Arameh Aghababaie, Shafana Ahamed Sadiq, Mohamed H Ahammed Nazeer, Mohammad Ahmad, Syed Ahmad, Asim Ahmed, Bilal Ahmed, Forizuddin Ahmed, Hamze Ahmed, Iram Ahmed, Irshad Ahmed, Khaled Ahmed, Liban Ahmed, Mahin Ahmed, Maria C Ahmed, Muhammad S Ahmed, Naseer Ahmed, Nausheen Ahmed, Osama Ahmed, Rajia A Ahmed, Rizwan Ahmed, Saif Ahmed, Sammiya Ahmed, Sara Ahmed, Syed Ahmed, Syed Haris Ahmed, Roa Ahmed Ali, Sana Ahmed, Sana Ahmer, Dhiraj Ail, Mark Ainsworth, Myriam Aissa, Lindianne Aitken, Bini Ajay, Abdulakeem Ajibode, Ayesha Ajmi, Nasim Akhtar, Nauman Akhtar, Suha Akili, Oludoyinsola Akindolie, Yinka Akinfenwa, Olugbenga Akinkugbe, Olugbenro Aktinade, Ahmad Al Aaraj, Asma Al Balushi, Majd Al Dakhola, Aladdin Al Swaifi, Eslam Al-Abadi, Narendra Aladangady, Ayaz Alam, Sajid Alam, Abbas Al-Asadi, Kyriaki Alatzoglou, Paul Albert, Lorraine Albon, Gemma Alcorn, Stephen Alcorn, Aggie Aldana, David Alderdice, Rayan Aldouri, Jonathan Aldridge, Nicolas Aldridge, Ana Alegria, Alison Alexander, John Alexander, Peter D G Alexander, Charlotte Alford, Julyan Al-Fori, Laith Alghazawi, Bahij Al-Hakim, Shams Al-Hity, Ali Ali, Asad Ali, Fawzia R Ali, Jawad Ali, Mariam Ali, Mohammad Ali, Nayab Ali, Oudai Ali, Sakina Ali, Syed Ali, Abid Alina, Fine Aliyuda, Katrin Alizaedeh, Maithem Al-Jibury, Saba Al-Juboori, Majid Al-Khalil, Moutaz Alkhusheh, Fiona Allan, Alison Allanson, Robert Allcock, Eireann Allen, Kerry Allen, Louise Allen, Poppy Allen, Rebecca Allen, Sam Allen, Sharon Allen, Simon Allen, Kathryn Allison, Bethan Allman, Lynne Allsop, Hassan Al-Moasseb, Magda Al-Obaidi, Lina Alomari, Akram Al-Rabahi, Bahar Al-Ramadhani, Zayneb Al-Saadi, Inji Alshaer, Rustam Al-Shahi Salman, Warkaq Al-Shamkhani, Bashar Al-Sheklly, Sara Altaf, Mary Alvarez, Maysaa Alzetani, Susan Amamou, Noor Amar, Sakkarai Ambalavanan, Sarah-Jayne Ambler, Robert Ambrogetti, Chris Ambrose, Amir Ameen, Ken Amenyah, Maria R Amezaga, Allison Amin, Amina Amin, Kanish Amin, Syed Amin, Tara Amin, Amjad Amjad, Neelma Amjad, Victoria Amosun, Khaled Amsha, Pugh Amy, Atul Anand, Samantha Anandappa, Julie Anderson, Laura Anderson, Michelle Anderson, Nicola Anderson, Rachel Anderson, Rory Anderson, Wendy Anderson, Prematie Andreou, Angela Andrews, Antonette Andrews, Jill Andrews, Kanayochukwu Aneke, Andrew Ang, Wan Wei Ang, Tammy Angel, Aramburo Angela, Paola Angelini, Lazarus Anguvaa, Oleg Anichtchik, Millicent Anim-Somuah, Krishnan Aniruddhan, Marie Anne Ledingham, Jessica Annett, Patrick James Anstey, Rebekah Anstey, Alpha Anthony, Aaron Anthony-Pillai, Philip Antill, Zhelyazkova Antonina, Varghese Anu, Muhammad Anwar, Aristeidis Apostolopoulos, Diane Appleyard, Maia Far Aquino, Bianca Araba, Samuel Aransiola, Mariana Araujo, Ann Archer, Denise Archer, Simon Archer, Christian Ardley, Ana-Maria Arias, Ryoki Arimoto, Charlotte Arkley, Charlotte Armah, Ilianna Armata, Adam Armitage, Ceri Armstrong, Maureen Armstrong, Sonia Armstrong, Philippa Armtrong, Heike Arndt, Clare Arnison-Newgass, David Arnold, Rachael Arnold, Dhawal Arora, Kavan Arora, Pardeep Arora, Rishi Arora, Arslam Arter, Ayush Arya, Rita Arya, Denisa Asandei, Adeeba Asghar, Catherine Ashbrook-Raby, Helen Ashby, Jan Ashcroft, John Ashcroft, Samuel Ashcroft, Deborah Asher, Ayesha Ashfaq, Abdul Ashish, Sally Ashman-Flavell, Sundar Ashok, Abd-El-Aziz Ashour, Muhammad Z Ashraf, Saima Ashraf, Mohammad B Ashraq, Deborah Ashton, Susan Ashton, Andrew Ashworth, Rebecca Ashworth, Arshia Aslam, Harshini Asogan, Atif Asrar, Omar Assaf, Raine Astin-Chamberlain, Deborah Athorne, Billie Atkins, Christopher Atkins, Stacey Atkins, John Atkinson, Vicki Atkinson, Brygitta Atraskiewicz, Abdul Ahmad Attia, Rita Atugonza, Paula Aubrey, Avinash Aujayeb, Aye C T Aung, Hnin Aung, Kyaw T Aung, Yin Aung, Zaw M Aung, Emily Austin, Karen Austin, Abdusshakur Auwal, Miriam Avery, Joanne Avis, Georgina Aviss, Cristina Avram, Paula Avram, Gabriel Awadzi, Atia Awan, Aszad Aya, Eman Ayaz, Amanda Ayers, Jawwad Azam, Mohammed Azharuddin, Ghazala Aziz, N Aziz, Ali Azkoul, Ashaari Azman Shah, Giada Azzopardi, Hocine Azzoug, Fiyinfoluwa Babatunde, Melvin Babi, Babiker Babiker, Gayna Babington, Matthew Babirecki, Marta Babores, Adetona O Babs-Osibodu, Sammy Bacciarelli, Roudi Bachar, Gina Bacon, Jenny Bacon, Bibi Badal, Gurpreet R Badhan, Shreya Badhrinarayanan, Joseph P Bae, Sibel Bafekr, Alice Baggaley, Amy Baggott, Graham Bagley, Dinesh Bagmane, Lynsey Bagshaw, Kasra Bahadori, James Bailey, Katie Bailey, Lindsey Bailey, Liz Bailey, Morgan Bailey, Pippa Bailey, Sarah Bailey, Hamish Baillie, J Kenneth Baillie, Jennifer Bain, Vikram Bains, David Baird, Susan Baird, Tracy Baird, Yolanda Baird, Aiysha Bajandouh, Evelyn Baker, Johanne Baker, Josephine Baker, Kenneth Baker, Rebecca Baker, Terri-Anne Baker, Victoria Baker, Hugh Bakere, Nawar Bakerly, Michelle Baker-Moffatt, Nauman Bakhtiar, Panos Bakoulas, Niranjan Balachandran, Andrea Balan, Theodosios Balaskas, Madhu Balasubramaniam, Alison Balcombe, Alexander Baldwin, Ashley Baldwin, Caron Baldwin, Danielle Baldwin, Rebekah Baldwin-Jones, James Balfour, Ceri Ball, Kasia Ballard, Ismael Balluz, Craig Balmforth, Emese Balogh, Amir Baluwala, Gabby Bambridge, Alasdair Bamford, Amy Bamford, Peter Bamford, Adefunke Bamgboye, Elizabeth Bancroft, Hollie Bancroft, Tanya Bancroft, Joyce Banda, Krishna Bandaru, Srini Bandi, Nageswar Bandla, Somaditya Bandyopadhyam, Amit Banerjee, Ritwik Banerjee, Harrison Banks, Luke Banks, Paul Banks, Oliver Bannister, Laura Banton, Mariamma Baptist, Tanya Baqai, Ananya Mouli Baral, Desislava Baramova, Russel Barber, Emma Barbon, Monica Barbosa, Jamie Barbour, Alexander Barclay, Claire Barclay, George Bardsley, Stephanie Bareford, Shahedal Bari, Amy Barker, Debbie Barker, Helen Barker, Joseph Barker Barker, Leon Barker, Oliver Barker, Kerry Barker-Williams, Sinha Barkha, Juliana Barla, Gavin Barlow, Richard Barlow, Valerie Barlow, James Barnacle, Alex Barnard, Debi Barnes, Nicky Barnes, Theresa Barnes, Calum Barnetson, Amy Barnett, Matthew Barnett, Ashton Barnett-Vanes, William Barnsley, Andrew Barr, David Barr, Shaney Barratt, Manuella Barrera, Amy Barrett, Fiona Barrett, Jessica Barrett, Jazz Bartholomew, Claire Bartlett, Georgina Bartlett, Greg Barton, Jill Barton, Lorna Barton, Rachael Barton, Rosaleen Baruah, Sonia Baryschpolec, Archana Bashyal, Betsy Basker, Ayten Basoglu, John Bassett, G Bassett, Chris Bassford, Bengisu Bassoy, Victoria Bastion, Anupam Basumatary, Tristan Bate, Harry J Bateman, Kathryn Bateman, Vhairi Bateman, Eleanor Bates, Hayley Bates, Michelle Bates, Simon Bates, Sally Batham, Ana Batista, Amit Batla, Dushyant Batra, Harry Batty, Thomas Batty, Miranda Baum, Carina Bautista, Fareha Bawa, Fatima S Bawani, Simon Bax, Matt Baxter, Nicola Baxter, Zachary Baxter, Hannah Bayes, Farid Bazari, Rohit Bazaz, Ahmad Bazli, Laura Beacham, Wendy Beadles, Philip Beak, Andy Beale, Jack Bearpark, Karen Beaumont, Dawn Beaumont-Jewell, Theresa Beaver, Sarah Beavis, Christy Beazley, Sarah Beck, Virginia Beckett, Rosie Beckitt, Heidi Beddall, Seonaid Beddows, Deborah Beeby, Gail Beech, Michelle Beecroft, Sally Beer, Jane Beety, Gabriela Bega, Alison Begg, Susan Begg, Sara Beghini, Ayesha Begum, Salman Begum, Selina Begum, Teresa Behan, Jasmine Beharry, Roya Behrouzi, Jon Beishon, Claire Beith, James Belcher, Holly Belfield, Katherine Belfield, Ajay Belgaumkar, Dina Bell, Gareth Bell, Gillian Bell, Lauren Bell, Louise Bell, Nicholas Bell, Pippa Bell, Stephanie Bell, Jennifer L Bell, Jennifer Bellamu, Mary Bellamy, Arianna Bellini, Amanda Bellis, Fionn Bellis, Lesley Bendall, Naveena Benesh, Nicola Benetti, Leonie Benham, Guy Benison-Horner, Ann Bennett, Caroline Bennett, Gillian Bennett, Kristopher Bennett, Lorraine Bennett, Sara Bennett, Karen Bennion, Vivienne Benson, Andrew Bentley, James Bentley, Ian Benton, Eva Beranova, Matthew Beresford, Colin Bergin, Malin Bergstrom, Jolanta Bernatoniene, Thomas Berriman, Zoe Berry, Kimberley Best, Ans-Mari Bester, Yvonne Beuvink, Emily Bevan, Sarah Bevins, Tom Bewick, Andrew Bexley, Sonay Beyatli, Fenella Beynon, Arjun Bhadi, Sanjay Bhagani, Shiv Bhakta, Rekha Bhalla, Khushpreet Bhandal, Kulbinder Bhandal, Ashwin Bhandari, Sangam Bhandari, Aashutosh Bhanot, Ravina Bhanot, Prashanth Bhat, Nikhil Bhatia, Rahul Bhatnagar, Karan Bhatt, Janki Bhayani, Deepika Bhojwani, Salimuzzaman Bhuiyan, Anna Bibby, Fatima Bibi, Naheeda Bibi, Salma Bibi, Tihana Bicanic, Sarah Bidgood, Julie Bigg, Sarah Biggs, Alphonsa Biju, Andras Bikov, Sophie Billingham, Jessica Billings, Martin Binney, Alice Binns, Muhammad BinRofaie, Oliver Bintcliffe, Catherine Birch, Jenny Birch, Katherine Birchall, Sam Bird, Sumedha Bird, Mark Birt, Kilanalei Bishop, Linda Bishop, Lisa Bishop, Karen Bisnauthsing, Nibedan Biswas, Sahar Biuk, Karen 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Timothy Chapman, Lucy Chappell, Linda Chapple, Amanda Charalambou, Bethan Charles, Dianne Charlton, Kevin Chatar, Calvin Chatha, Ritesh Chaube, Muhammad Y N Chaudhary, Iram Chaudhry, Nazia Chaudhuri, Muhammad Chaudhury, Anoop Chauhan, Ruchi S Chauhan, Vipul Chauhan, Nicola Chavasse, Vipal Chawla, Lindsay Cheater, James Cheaveau, Charlotte Cheeld, Michelle Cheeseman, Fang Chen, Hui M Chen, Terence Chen, Lok Y Cheng, Zhihang Cheng, Helen Chenoweth, Chun H Cheong, Shiney Cherian, Mary Cherrie, Helen Cheshire, Barry Chesterson, Chee K Cheung, Elaine Cheung, Michelle Cheung, Claire Cheyne, Swati Chhabra, Wei L Chia, Eric Chiang, Angela Chiapparino, Rosavic Chicano, Zviedzo A Chikwanha, Sam Chilcott, Phillipa Chimbo, KokWai Chin, Wen J Chin, Rumbidzai Chineka, Amol Chingale, Vashira Chiroma, Heather Chisem, Claire Chisenga, Ben Chisnall, Carolyn Chiswick, Sunder Chita, Nihil Chitalia, Matthew Chiu, Brenda Chivima, Catherine Chmiel, Soha Choi, Willy Choon Kon Yune, Vandana Choudhary, Sarah 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Elena Cowan, Richard Cowell, Louise Cowen, Steve Cowman, Amanda Cowton, Ellie Cox, Giles Cox, Karina Cox, Miriam Cox, Karen Coy, Beverly Craig, Victoria Craig, Felicity Craighead, Matthew Cramp, Jacolene Crause, Adrian Crawford, Angie Crawford, Emma Crawford, Isobel Crawford, Richard Crawforth, Sarah Crawshaw, Ben Creagh-Brown, Andrew Creamer, Joanne Cremona, Saveria Cremona, Janet Cresswell, Mark Cribb, Charles Crichton, Declan Crilly, Lauren Crisp, Nikki Crisp, Dominic Crocombe, Maria Croft, Jennifer Crooks, Harriet Crosby, Tim Cross, Amy Crothers, Stephen Crotty, Susan Crouch, Madeleine Crow, Amanda Crowder, Kate Crowley, Teresa Crowley, Rebecca Croysdill, Callum Cruickshank, Conor Cruickshank, Irena Cruickshank, James Cruise, Carina Cruz, Trino Cruz Cervera, Dominic Cryans, Guanguo Cui, Helen Cui, Lorraine Cullen, Gillian Cummings-Fosong, Marie Cundall, Victoria Cunliffe, Lorraine Cunningham, Neil Cunningham, Nicola Cunningham, Jason Cupitt, Hollie Curgenven, David Curran, Simon Curran, Craig Currie, Jacqueline Currie, Scarlett Currie, Jonathan Curtis, Katrina Curtis, Olivia Curtis, Thomas Curtis, Rebecca Cuthbertson, Sean Cutler, Marta Czekaj, Patrycja Czylok, Dhanishta D Ramdin, Joana da Rocha, Andrew Dagens, Helen Daggett, Jacqui Daglish, Sandeep Dahiya, Anne Dale, Katie Dale, Michaela Dale, Sam Dale, Jolyon Dales, Helen Dalgleish, Helen Dallow, Dermot Dalton, Zoe Daly, Eleanor Damian, Akila Danga, Amelia Daniel, Priya Daniel, Allison Daniels, Adela Dann, Sandra Danso-Bamfo, Nimo Daoud, Alex Darbyshire, Janet Darbyshire, Paul Dargan, Paul Dark, Kate Darlington, Tom Darton, Guledew Darylile, Manjusha Das, Sukamal Das, Martin Daschel, Joanne Dasgin, Dibyendu Datta, Anna Daunt, Emily Davenport, Mark Davey, Miriam Davey, Molly Davey, Mini David, Alexander Davidson, Laura Davidson, Neil Davidson Davidson, Richard Davidson, Albert Davies, Alison Davies, Amanda Davies, Amy Davies, Angela Davies, Carolyn Davies, Catrin Davies, Cheryl Davies, Drew Davies, Elaine Davies, Ffyon Davies, Helen Davies, Jeni Davies, Jim Davies, Karen Davies, Kelly Davies, Kim Davies, Louisa Davies, Matthew Davies, Michelle Davies, Nina Davies, Owen Davies, Patrick Davies, Rachel Davies, Rhys Davies, Ruth Davies, Sarah Davies, Simon Davies, Alison Davis, Gwyneth Davis, Illinos Davis, Julie-Ann Davis, Katherine Davis, Peter Davis, Alexander Davison, Mark Davy, Christine Dawe, H Dawe, Mark Dawkins, Danielle Dawson, Elizabeth Dawson, Joy Dawson, Susan Dawson, Tom Dawson, Andrew Daxter, Andrew Day, Jacob Day, Jeremy Day, Jamie D'Costa, Parijat De, Duneesha de Fonseka, Toni de Freitas, Frederico De Santana Miranda, Eleanor de Sausmarez, Shanika de Silva, Thushan de Silva, Jessica De Sousa, Paulo De Sousa, James de Souza, Anthony de Soyza, Natasha de Vere, Johannes de Vos, Bethan Deacon, Sharon Dealing, Anna Dean, Julie Dean, Katrina Dean, Stephen Dean, Tessa Dean, Jill Deane, James Dear, Effie Dearden, Catherine Deas, Samuel Debbie, Gabor Debreceni, Vashist Deelchand, Matthew Deeley, Joanne Deery, Emmanuel Defever, Manuela Del Forno, Arnold Dela Rosa, Amanda Dell, Carrie Demetriou, David DeMets, Jane Democratis, Jacqueline Denham, Emmanuelle Denis, Laura Denley, Craig Denmade, Kathy Dent, Martin Dent, Elise Denton, Tom Denwood, Nishigandh Deole, Darshita Depala, Maria Depante, Susan Dermody, Amisha Desai, Asmita Desai, Purav Desai, Sanjeev Deshpande, Vai Deshpande, Sirjana Devkota, Prakash Dey, Vishal Dey, Rogin Deylami, Kevin Dhaliwal, Sundip Dhani, Amandeep Dhanoa, Mili Dhar, Devesh Dhasmana, Ekanjali Dhillon, Reiss Dhillon, Priya Dias, Stephanie Diaz, Kayleigh Diaz-Pratt, Debbie Dickerson, Pamela Dicks, Stuart Dickson, Sean Dillane, Sarah Diment, ThaiHa Dinh, Alex Dipper, Laura Dirmantaite, Lisa Ditchfield, Sarah Diver, Lavanya Diwakar, Caroline Dixon, Giles Dixon, Brice Djeugam, Petr Dlouhy, Paul Dmitri, Laurence Dobbie, Marinela Dobranszky Oroian, Charlotte Dobson, Lee Dobson, Marie Docherty, David Dockrell, James Dodd, Jackie Dodds, Rebecca 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Mohamed Ekoi, Ayomide Ekunola, Soha El Behery, Mohamed Elbeshy, Kate El-Bouzidi, Jennifer Elder, Mohammed El-Din, Diana Eleanor, Ibrahim Eletu, Eman Elfar, Mayy M Elgamal, Amr Elgohary, Stellios Elia, Jennifer Elias, Tania Elias, Nadia Elkaram, Mohammed El-Karim, Andrew V Elkins, Julie Ellam, Nikki Ellard, Laura N Ellerton, Lucy Elliot, Amy Elliott, Chris Elliott, Fiona Elliott, Kerry Elliott, Scott Elliott, Annie Ellis, Christine Ellis, Kaytie Ellis, Tak-Yan Ellis, Yvette Ellis, Megan Ellison, Rahma Elmahdi, Einas Elmahi, Hannah-May Elmasry, Mohamed Elmi, Najla Elndari, Omer Elneima, Mohamed Elokl, Ahmed Elradi, Mohamed Elsaadany, Sally El-Sayeh, Hana El-Sbahi, Tarek Elsefi, Karim El-Shakankery, Robert Elshaw, Hosni El-Taweel, Sarah Elyoussfi, Jonathan Emberey, Jonathan R Emberson, John Emberton, Julian Emmanuel, Ingrid Emmerson, Michael Emms, Florence Emond, Marieke Emonts, Nicu Enachi, Angila Engden, Katy English, Emma Entwistle, Hene Enyi, Marios Erotocritou, Peter Eskander, Hanif Esmail, Brynach Evans, Chris Evans, Debra evans, Gail Evans, Gareth Evans, Jennifer Evans, Lisa Evans, Lynn Evans, Margaret Evans, Mim Evans, Morgan Evans, Ranoromanana Evans, Teriann Evans, Terry J Evans, Caroline Everden, Serenydd Everden, Hayley Evison, Lynsey Evison, Penny Eyton-Jones, Jacqueline Faccenda, Leila Fahel, Youstina Fahmay, Sara Fairbairn, Terry Fairbairn, Andy Fairclough, Louise Fairlie, Mark Fairweather, Anne Fajardo, Naomi Falcone, Euan Falconer, Jonathan Falconer, John Fallon, Andrea Fallow, David Faluyi, Victoria Fancois, Qayyum Farah, Nowin Fard, Amr Farg, Margaret Farinto, Adam Farmer, Katie Farmer, Toni Farmery, Samantha Farnworth, Faiyaz Farook, Hadia Farooq, Sidrah Farooq, Fiona Farquhar, Karen Farrar, Aaron Farrell, Barbara Farrell, James Farthing, Syeda Farzana, Rahmatu Fasina, Azam Fatemi, Mina Fatemi, Nibah Fatimah, Maria Faulkner, Saul N Faust, Joe Fawke, Sinmidele Fawohunre, Abul Fazal, Simon Fearby, Alex Feben, Federico Fedel, Daria Fedorova, Christopher Fegan, Mae Felongco, Lynsey Felton, Tim Felton, Kate Fenlon, Andrea Fenn, Isabelle Fenner, Ciara Fenton, Melisa Fenton, Cameron Ferguson, Jenny Ferguson, Kathryn Ferguson, Katie Ferguson, Susan Ferguson, Susie Ferguson, Victoria Ferguson, Denzil Fernandes, Candida Fernandez, Eduardo Fernandez, Maria Fernandez, Sonia Fernandez Lopez, Callum Jeevan Fernando, Ahmed Feroz, Pietro Ferranti, Thais Ferrari, Eleanor Ferrelly, Alexandra Ferrera, Emma Ferriman, Nicholas Fethers, Ben Field, Janet Field, Rebecca Field, Karen Fielder, Lindsey Fieldhouse, Andra Fielding, Julie Fielding, Len Fielding, Sarah Fielding, Asma Fikree, Sarah Ann Filson, Sarah Finbow, Debbie Finch, Joanne Finch, Laurie Finch, Natalie Fineman, Lauren Finlayson, Adam Finn, Joanne Finn, Clare Finney, Sofia Fiouni, Jo Fiquet, James Fisher, Neil Fisher, Daniel Fishman, Krystofer Fishwick, Lorraine Fitzgerald, Jan Flaherty, Michael Flanagan, Charles Flanders, Julie Fleming, Lucy Fleming, Paul Fleming, William Flesher, Alison Fletcher, Jonathan Fletcher, Lucy Fletcher, Simon Fletcher, Sophie Fletcher, Karen Flewitt, Christopher Flood, Ian Floodgate, Vincent Florence, Sharon Floyd, Rachel Flynn, Claire Foden, Adama Fofana, Georgina Fogarty, Paul Foley, Linda Folkes, Daniela M Font, Aiwyne Foo, Jane Foo, Andrew Foot, Jayne Foot, Jane Forbes, Jamie Ford, Jennifer Foreman, Caroline Fornolles, Adam Forrest, Ellie Forsey, Miranda Forsey, Thomas Forshall, Elliot Forster, Julian Forton, Emily Foster, Joseph Foster, Rachel Anne Foster, Tracy Foster, Theodora Foukanelli, Angela Foulds, Ian Foulds, Folakemi Fowe, Emily Fowler, Robert Fowler, Stephen Fowler, Caroline Fox, Claire Fox, Heather Fox, Jonathan Fox, Lauren Fox, Natalie Fox, Olivia Fox, Simon Fox, Sarah-Jane Foxton, Rebecca Frake, Alex Francioni, Olesya Francis, Rebecca Francis, Sarah Francis, Theodora Francis-Bacon, Jason Frankcam, Helen Frankland, Jessica Franklin, Catherine Fraser, Sharon Frayling, Martyn Fredlund, Matthew Free, Carol Freeman, Elaine Freeman, Hannah Freeman, Nicola Freeman, Clare Freer, Eleanor French, Matthew Frise, Renate Fromson, Claire Froneman, Adam Frosh, John Frost, Victoria Frost, Oliver Froud, Rachel Frowd, Arun Fryatt, Janet Fu, Bridget Fuller, Liz Fuller, Neil Fuller, Tracy Fuller, Duncan Fullerton, Jenny Fullthorpe, Carrie Fung, Gayle Fung, Sarah Funnell, John Furness, Andrew Fyfe, Nytianandan G, Elizabeth Gabbitas, Claire Gabriel, Diana Gabriel, Hadiza Gachi, Joshua Gahir, Sarveen Gajebasia, Katarzyna Gajewska-Knapik, Christopher Gale, Hugo Gale, Rebecca Gale, Swetha Gali, Bernadette Gallagher, Jude Gallagher, Rosie Gallagher, William Gallagher, Joanne Galliford, Catherine Galloway, Chris Galloway, Emma Galloway, Jacqui Galloway, James Galloway, Laura Gamble, Liz Gamble, Brian Gammon, Jaikumar Ganapathi, Ramesh Ganapathy, Kaminiben Gandhi, Sarah Gandhi, Usha Ganesh, Abrar Gani, Emma-James Garden, Antoni Dariusz Gardener, Emma Gardiner, Michael Gardiner, Phil Gardiner, Siobhan Gardiner, Caroline Gardiner-Hill, Jonathan Gardner, Mark Garfield, Atul Garg, Nathan Garlick, Justin Garner, Lucie Garner, Zoe Garner, Kim Garnett, Rosaline Garr, Florence Garty, Rachel Gascoyne, Hyeriju Gashau, Aoife Gatenby, Erin Gaughan, Alok Gaurav, Mariana Gavrila, Jane Gaylard, Emma Gaywood, Catherine Geddie, Ian Gedge, Sarah Gee, Minerva Gellamucho, Karzan Gelly, Leila Gelmon, Sandra Gelves-Zapata, Gemma Genato, Susan Gent, Natalie Geoghegan, Sam George, Tina George, Simon Georges, Domonique Georgiou, Peter Gerard, Leigh Gerdes, Louise Germain, Helen Gerrish, Abel Getachew, Louise Gethin, Hisham Ghanayem, Amardeep Ghattaoraya, Anca Gherman, Alison Ghosh, Justin Ghosh, Sudhamay Ghosh, Sarra Giannopoulou, Malick Gibani, Ben Gibbison, Kerry Gibbons, Alex Gibson, Bethan Gibson, Kimberley Gibson, Kirsty Gibson, Sian Gibson, Cat Gilbert, Jeanette Gilbert, Joanne Gilbert, Kayleigh Gilbert, Benjamin Giles, Mandy Gill, Lynne Gill, Paul Gillen, Annelies Gillesen, Katherine Gillespie, Elizabeth Gillham, Andrew Gillian, Deborah Gilliland, Robert Gillott, Danielle Gilmour, Kate Gilmour, Theodora Giokanini-Royal, Anna Gipson, Joanna Girling, Rhian Gisby, Angelena Gkioni, Aikaterini Gkoritsa, Effrossyni Gkrania-Klotsas, Amy Gladwell, James Glanville, Jessica Glasgow, Susannah Glasgow, Jon Glass, Lynn Glass, Sharon Glaysher, Lisa Gledhill, Ana Glennon, John Glover, Kyle Glover, Jan Glover Bengtsson, Chevanthy Gnanalingam, Julie Goddard, Wendy Goddard, Emily Godden, Jo Godden, Emma Godson, Sukanya Gogoi, Aiky Goh, Rebeca Goiriz, Sriya Gokaraju, Raphael Goldacre, Arthur Goldsmith, Portia Goldsmith, Darren Gomersall, Lucia Gomez, Raquel Gomez-Marcos, Ali Gondal, Celia Gonzalez, Jack Goodall, Bob Goodenough, Laura Goodfellow, James Goodlife, Camelia Goodwin, Elizabeth Goodwin, Jayne Goodwin, Paula Goodyear, Rajiv Gooentilleke, Michelle Goonasekara, Sheila Gooseman, Shameer Gopal, Sally Gordon, Hugh Gorick, Caitlin Gorman, Claire Gorman, Stuart Gormely, Diana Gorog, Michelle Gorst, Thomas Gorsuch, Jayshreebahen Gosai, Rebecca Gosling, Sally Gosling, Georgina Gosney, Vanessa Goss, Dzintars Gotham, Naomi Gott, Elizabeth Goudie, Angela Gould, Susan Gould, Lysander Gourbault, Abha Govind, Sharon Gowans, Girish Gowda, Rohit Gowda, Hannah Gower, Thomas Gower, Pankaj Goyal, Sunil Goyal, Sushant Goyal, Clive Graham, Jonathan Graham, Justin Graham, Libby Graham, Sharon Graham, Matthew Graham-Brown, Julia Grahamslaw, Gianluca Grana, Tracyanne Grandison, Louis Grandjean, Alison Grant, Ann Grant, David Grant, Matthew Grant, Pauleen Grant, Rhys Gravell, Jenny Graves, Alasdair Gray, Catherine Gray, Georgina Gray, Jackie Gray, Karen Gray, Nicola Gray, Sebastian Gray, Alan Grayson, Fiona Greaves, Paul Greaves, Charlotte Green, Christopher Green, David Green, Frederick Green, Joel Green, Marie Green, Nicola Green, Stacey Green, Teresa Green, Diarra Greene, Philippa Greenfield, Alan Greenhalgh, Daniel Greenwood, Sandra Greer, James Gregory, Jane Gregory, Katie Gregory, Tamsin Gregory, Jill Greig, Julia Greig, Rebecca Grenfell, Teena Grenier, Susan Grevatt, Glaxy Grey, Andrew Gribbin, Amy Gribble, Natasha Grieg, Douglas Grieve, Ben Griffin, Denise Griffin, Mel Griffin, Sian Griffith, Andrew Griffiths, Daniel Griffiths, David Griffiths, Donna Griffiths, Isabel Griffiths, Mark Griffiths, Nicola Griffiths, Oliver Griffiths, Sarah Griffiths, Yvonne Griffiths, Sofia Grigoriadou, Steph Grigsby, Evelina Grobovaite, Rachel Groome, Liliana Grosu, Jenny Grounds, Margaret Grout, Helen Grover, Jayne Groves, Neil Grubb, Julie Grundy, Francesca Guarino, Sharada Gudur, Sharazeq Guettari, Shivang Gulati, Vikas Gulia, Pumali Gunasekera, Malin Gunawardena, Kirun Gunganah, Jessica Gunn, Emma Gunter, Alok Gupta, Atul Gupta, Rajeev Gupta, Richa Gupta, Rishi Gupta, Tarun Gupta, Vineet Gupta, Ankur Gupta-Wright, Victoria Guratsky, Alvyda Gureviciute, Sambasivarao Gurram, Bhawana Gurung, Shraddha Gurung, Hazel Guth, Ruth Habibi, Berkin Hack, Pamela Hackney, Christian Hacon, Aiman Haddad, Denise Hadfield, Michalis Hadjiandreou, Nikolaos Hadjisavvas, Anna Haestier, Nauman Hafiz, Rana Hafiz-Ur-Rehman, Javed Hafsa, Samantha Hagan, Jack William Hague, Rosemary Hague, Kate Haigh, Christina Haines, Scott Hainey, Morton Hair, Brigid Hairsine, Juraj Hajnik, Anne Haldeos, Writaja Halder, Jennie Hale, Carmel Halevy, Paul Halford, William Halford, Alistair Hall, Anthony Hall, Claire Hall, Elizabeth Hall, Fiona Hall, Helen Hall, Jennifer Hall, Kathryn Hall, Jan Hallas, Kyle Hallas, Charles Hallett, Becky-Lee Halls, Heather Halls, Maryam Hamdollah-Zadeh, Bilal Hameed, Imran Hamid, Mohamad Hamie, Bethany Hamilton, Fergus Hamilton, Leigh Hamilton, Nicola Hamilton, Ruth Hamlin, Eleanor Hamlyn, Beatrice Hammans, Shirley Hammersley, Kate Hammerton, Bev Hammond, Leah Hammond, Fiona Hammonds, Ibrahim Hamoodi, Karen Hampshire, Jude Hampson, Lucy Hampson, Ozan Hanci, Ian Hancock, Sadiyah Hand, Jasmine Handford, Soran Handrean, Sarah Haney, Sheharyar Hanif, E Hanison, Jennifer Hannah, Amy Hannington, Merhej Hannun, Aidan Hanrath, Anita Hanson, Jane Hanson, Kathryn Hanson, Steve Hanson, Mazhar Ul Haq, Ala Haqiqi, Monjurul Haque, Lesley Harden, Zoe Harding, Simon Hardman, Joanna Hardy, Kumar Haresh, Rachel Harford, Beverley Hargadon, Carolyn Hargreaves, James Hargreaves, Alice Harin, Mohammed Haris, Edward Harlock, Paula Harman, Tracy Harman, Mark Harmer, Muhammad A Haroon, Charlie Harper, Heather Harper, Peter Harper, Rosemary Harper, Sarah Harrhy, Sian Harrington, Yasmin Harrington-Davies, Jade Harris, Jess Harris, John Harris, Laura Harris, Marie-Clare Harris, Nichola Harris, Sophie Harris (CTP), David Harrison, Julie Harrison, Laura Harrison, Melanie Harrison, Rowan Harrison, Susie Harrison, Thomas Harrison, Wendy Harrison, Elizabeth Harrod, Ciaran Hart, Dominic Hart, Lisa Hartley, Rosemary Hartley, Ruth Hartley, Tom Hartley, William Hartrey, Phillipa Hartridge, Stuart Hartshorn, Alice Harvey, Angela Harvey, Max Harvey, Catherine Harwood, Helen Harwood, Brigitte Haselden, Kazi Hashem, Mohammed Hashimm, Tadaaki Hashimoto, Imranullah Hashmi, Zena Haslam, Adil Hassan, Ali Hassan, Wagae UI Hassan, Sapna Hassasing, Jane Hassell, Philip Hassell, Alex Hastings, Bethany Hastings, Janice Hastings, Jonathan Hatton, May Havinden-Williams, Stefan Havlik, Daniel B Hawcutt, Kadean Hawes, Liz Hawes, Nicola Hawes, Annie Hawkins, Nancy Hawkins, Tanya Hawkins, Dan Hawley, Ed Hawley-Jones, Edward Haworth, Cathy Hay, Amna Hayat, Jamal Hayat, Mohamed-Riyal Hayathu, Anne Hayes, Jonas Hayes, Kate Hayes, Melony Hayes, Fiona Hayes, Patrick Hayle, Chloe Haylett, Antara Hayman, Melanie Hayman, Matthew Haynes, Richard Haynes, Rachel Hayre, Sarah Haysom, James Hayward, Patrick Haywood, Tracy Hazelton, Phoebe Hazenberg, Zhengmai He, Elizabeth Headon, Carrie Heal, Brendan Healy, Amy Hearn, Angela Heath, Rowan Heath, Diane Heaton, Kerry Hebbron, Gemma Hector, Andy Hedges, Katrine Hedges, Cheryl Heeley, Elaine Heeney, Rajdeep Heire, Ulla Hemmila, Cassie Hemmings, Scott 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Alexander Horsley, Ashley Horsley, Elizabeth Horsley, Sarah Horton, Jane Hosea, Toby Hoskins, Muhammad S Hossain, Rashed Hossain, Maxine Hough, Sarah Hough, Catherine Houghton, Kathryn Houghton, Rebecca Houlihan, Hamish Houston, Tawe Hove, Roseanna Hovvels, Lee How, Laura Howaniec, Laura Howard, Linda Howard, Lucy Howard, Sarah Howard, Stuart Howard, Richard Howard-Griffin, Serena Howe, Mark Howells, Lyn Howie, Kerry Howlett, Josh Hrycaiczuk, Naing Z Htoon, Su Htwe, Ying Hu, Chiang O H Huah, Abby Huckle, Shahzya Huda, Alison Hudak, Lisa Hudig, Heather Hudson, Oli Hudson, Alison Hufton, Alistair Hughes, Emma Hughes, Gareth Hughes, Heather Hughes, Luke Hughes, Rachel Hughes, Rebecca Hughes, Samantha Hughes, Stephen Hughes, Vikki Hughes, Wesley Hughes, Lukas Huhn, Ching Hui, Ruth Hulbert, Diana Hull, Grace Hull, Robert Hull, Amanda Hulme, Peter Hulme, Wendy Hulse, George Hulston, Ryan Hum, Megan Hume, Charlotte Humphrey, Ismay Humphreys, Alasdair Humphries, Joanne Humphries, Fiona Hunt, Kristen Hunt, Luke Hunt, Sophie Hunt, Alexandra Hunter, Karl Hunter, Neil Hunter, George Huntington, Elizabeth Hurditch, Cian Hurley, Katrina Hurley, Mohammed A Husain, Syeda Y Husaini, Coralie Huson, Afreen Hussain, Ibraar Hussain, Ifza Hussain, Mohammad Hussain, Muhammad Hussain, Reda Hussain, Sajid Hussain, Samia Hussain, Sanniah Hussain, Yasmin Hussain, Mohammed Hussam El-Din, Rebecca Hussey, Camille Hutchinson, Dorothy Hutchinson, Elizabeth Hutchinson, John Hutchinson, Claire Hutsby, Paula Hutton, Daniella Hydes, Jamie Hyde-Wyatt, Niamh Hynes, Megan Hyslop, Mazen Ibraheim, Abdalla Ibrahim, Ahmed Ibrahim, Asil Ibrahim, Mohamed Ibrahim, Wadah Ibrahim, Adetokunbo I Idowu, Muhammad Idrees, Hina Iftikhar, Mawara Iftikhar, Chukwuemeka Igwe, Mohammad Ijaz, Amaju Ikomi, Clare Iles, Stamatina Iliodromiti, Mary Ilsley, Lorna Ilves, La'ali Imam-Gutierrez, Christopher Imray, Haider Imtiaz, Jack Ingham, Julie Ingham, Rory Ingham, Tejas Ingle, Jennifer Inglis, Anne Ingram, Luke Ingram, Peter Inns, Ken Inweregbu, Andreea A Ionescu, Ana Ionita, Ilian P Iordanov, Anil Ipe, Madiha Iqbal, Mohammed Iqbal, Faisal Iqbal Sait, Jane Ireland, Robert Irons, Mohannad Irshad, Muhammad S Irshad, Janice Irvine, Val Irvine, Robert Irving, Mina Ishak, Erica IsherwoodOC User, Aminul Islam, Abdurrahman Islim, Ali Ismail, Omar Ismail, Caroline Ison, M'hamedi Israa, Sharon Isralls, Monica Ivan, Chineze Ivenso, Ashleigh Ivy, Sophie Iwanikiw, Karen Ixer, Menaka Iyer, Mia Iyer, Calum Jack, Amanda Jackson, Ben Jackson, Beth Jackson, Ella Jackson, Hayley Jackson, Helen Jackson, Jane Jackson, Lauren Jackson, Melanie Jackson, Nicola Jackson, Shane Jackson, Patricia Jacob, Reni Jacob, Nicola Jacques, Anisa Jafar, Daniel Jafferji, Ali Jaffery, Chandrashekar Jagadish, Vijay Jagannathan, Mandeep Jagpal, Fernandez R Jaime, Neemisha Jain, Seema Jain, Susan Jain, Sanjay Jaiswal, Danyal Jajbhay, Thomas Jaki, Bintou Jallow, Yusuf Jaly, Sabine Jamal, Zeba Jamal, Yasmin Jameel, Albie James, Christie James, Kate 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Laura Jimenez, Ana Jimenez Gil, Jithin Jith, Teishel Joefield, Navraj Johal, Karine Johannessen, Aisyah Johari, Annie John, Anu John, Navin John, Emma Johns, Margaret Johns, Antoinette Johnson, David Johnson, Emma Johnson, Gillian Johnson, Kathryn Johnson, Katie Johnson, Luke Johnson, Mark Johnson, Nelson Johnson, Oliver Johnson, Tracy Johnson, Claire Johnston, Janet Johnston, Laura Johnston, Susan Johnston, Victoria Johnston, Dawn Johnstone, Ed Johnstone, Janet Johnstone, Manohar Joishy, Adam Jones, Alistair Jones, Annabel Jones, Ben Jones, Bryony Jones, Carys Jones, Ceri Jones, Charlotte Jones, Christine E Jones, Debra Jones, Emily Jones, Gareth Jones, Geraldine Jones, Jac Jones, James Jones, Jessica Jones, Jonathon Jones, Julie Jones, Kate E Jones, Laura Jones, Laura M Jones, Louise Jones, Mathew Jones, Nicola Jones, Paul Jones, R E Jones, Rhianna Jones, Samantha Jones, Sophie Jones, Stefanie Jones, Steve Jones, Taya Jones, Tim Jones, Tracey Jones, Ramya Jonnalagadda, Rebecca 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Kayappurathu, Callum Kaye, Ahemd Kazeem, Naved Kazi, Rachel Kearns, Nichola Kearsley, Joanne Keating, John Keating, Liza Keating, Elizabeth Keddie-Gray, Natalie Keenan, Jonathan Kefas, Stephen Kegg, Laura Keith, Uzoamaka Keke, Joanne Kellett, Alison Kelly, David Kelly, Diane Kelly, Dominic Kelly, Emma Kelly, Laura Kelly, Martin Kelly, Michael Kelly, Rosalind Kelly, Sinead Kelly, Stephen Kelly, Mary Kelly-Baxter, Marketa Keltos, Timothy Kemp, Kelly Kemsley, Alexandra Kendall-Smith, Sarah Kennard, Ann Kennedy, James Kennedy, Sophie Kennedy-Hay, Julia Kenny, Melanie Kent, Lynne Keogan, Alexander Keough, Andrew Kerr, Caroline Kerrison, Anthony Kerry, Sam Kershaw, Helen Kerslake, Ian Kerslake, Helen Kerss, Jocelyn Keshet-Price, Georgina Keyte, Abdul Khadar, Ali Khalid, Muhammad U Khalid, Syed Khalid, Amir Khalil, Asma Khalil, Sijjad Khalil, Abubakar Khan, Ali Khan, Al-Imran Khan, Arham Khan, Asad Khan, Aurangzeb Khan, Burhan Khan, Camran Khan, Fatimah Khan, Kausik Khan, Malik A Khan, Marria Khan, Mehrunnisha Khan, Mohammad Khan, Nayeem Khan, Omar Khan, Rahila Khan, Shabana Khan, Shahul Khan, Shoaib Khan, Tasaduksultan Khan, Waseem Khan, Usman F Khatana, Jibran Khatri, Jyoti Khatri, Hafiza Khatun, Taslima Khatun, Mena Kheia, Jacyntha Khera, Htet H E Khin, Najaf Khoja, Kiran Khokhar, Chloe Khurana, Faith Kibutu, Andrew damian, Michelle Kidd, Joe Kidney, Shane Kidney, Will Kieffer, James Kilbane, Caroline Kilby, Eileen Killen, Susan Kilroy, Bomee Kim, Jee Whang Kim, Sarah Kimber, Andy King, Barbara King, Jennifer King, Kirsten King, Rachel King, Sarah King, Victoria King, Emily King-Oakley, Laura Kingsmore, Fiona Kinney, Sidra Kiran, Jeremy Kirk, Jodie Kirk, Amy Kirkby, Emily Kirkham, Gemma Kirkman, Ursula Kirwan, Kelly Kislingbury, Toby Kitching, Laura Kitto, Lauren Kittridge, Sarah Klaczek, Frieder Kleemann, Susan Kmachia, Chris Knapp, Lucy Knibbs, Alicia Knight, Fraser Knight, Marian Knight, Sarah Knight, Steven Knight, Tom Knight, Ellen Knights, Jane Knights, Martin Knolle, Carol Knott, Charlotte Knowles, Karen Knowles, Laurence Knowles, Emily Knox, Lucy Knox, Oliver Koch, Ronan Kodituwakku, Gouri Koduri, Aisha Koirata, Eirene Kolakaluri, Magdalena Kolodziej, Eirini Kolokouri, Samantha Kon, Niladri Konar, Mari Kononen, Athanasios Konstantinidis, Hui Fen Koo, Imogen Koopmans, Emmanuela Kopyj, Laura Korcierz, James Korolewicz, George Koshy, Chris Kosmidis, Jalpa Kotecha, Easwari Kothandaraman, Koushan Kouranloo, Rukhsana Kousar, Margarita Kousteni, Maja Kovac, Alex Kozak Eskenazia, Kestutis Krasauskas, Raghu Krishnamurthy, Vinodh Krishnamurthy, Manju Krishnan, Hari Krishnan, Suzanne Krizak, Sean Krupej, Agnieszka Kubisz-Pudelko, Soren Kudsk-Iversen, Aurimas Kudzinskas, Chirag Kukadiya, Nainesha Kulkarni, Aditi Kumar, Mayur Kumar, Ramesh Kumar, Ravi Kumar, Rita Kumar, Rupa Kumar, Satish Kumar, Vimal Kumar, Arun Kundu, Heinke Kunst, Amit Kurani, Mohammed Kurdy, Rincy Kurian, Vimal Kurmars, Cameron Kuronen-Stewart, Ranganai S Kusangaya, Vlad Kushakovsky, Mandy Kuunal, Apexa Kuverji, Amma Kyei-Mensah, Thyra Kyere-Diabour, Moe Kyi, Nyan M Kyi, Laura Kyle, Karali-Tsilimpari Kyriaki, Julius Labao, Louise Lacey, Nikki Lack, Emma Ladlow, Heather Lafferty, Shondipon Laha, Sushil Lahane, Clement Lai, James Lai, Robert Laing, Inez Laing-Faiers, Emily Laity, Nicki Lakeman, David Lalloo, Fiona Lalloo, Alison Lam, Fiona Lamb, Lucy Lamb, Thomas Lamb, Pauline Lambert, Claudia Lameirinhas, Mohammed K G Lami, Holly Lamont, Michal Lamparski, Djillali Lamrani, Christine Lanaghan, Ivone Lancona-Malcolm, Julia Lancut, Geraldine Landers, Martin J Landray, Matthew Lane, Nicholas Lane, Alidih Lang, Stephen Lang, Daniel Langer, Margaret Langley, Charles Langoya, Emily Langthorne, Taiya Large, Anna Last, Scott Latham, John Latham-Mollart, Afzal Latheef, Nang Latt, Carly Lattimore, Dawn Lau, Eva Lau, Myra Laurenson, Hou Law, Jennifer Law, Jessica Law, Penny Law, Richard Law, Emma Lawrence, Neil Lawrence, Ryan Lawrie, Joanne Lawson, Louise Lawson, Michael Lay, Christine Laycock, Reina Layug, Maria Lazo, Vietland Le, Amelia Lea, William Lea, Ian Leadbitter, Thomas Leahy, Richard Lean, Lorna Leandro, Darren Leaning, Sandra Leason, Emma Lee, Hannah Lee, Irish Lee, Judith Lee, Sam Lee, Shi H Lee, Simon Lee, Sindy Lee, Stephanie Lee, Tracey Lee, Xiang Lee, Diana Lees, Jennifer Lees, Helen Legge, Julian Leggett, Katie Leigh-Ellis, Kevan Leighton, Nicky Leitch, Eleni Lekoudis, Petula Lemessy, Nicholas Lemoine, Katy Leng, Katrina Lennon, Liz Lennon, Kelly Leonard, Wen Leong, Nicky Leopold, Oskar Lepiarczyk, Isla Leslie, Eleni Lester, Joe Leung, Emma Levell, Chris Levett, Alice Lewin, Michaela Lewin, Alison Lewis, David Lewis, Dee Lewis, Gillian Lewis, Joanne Lewis, Joseph Lewis, Kathryn Lewis, Keir Lewis, Leon Lewis, Marissa Lewis, Rob Lewis, Robert Lewis, Catherine Lewis-Clarke, Katherine Lewiston, Adam Lewszuk, Penny Lewthwaite, Samantha Ley, Angela Liao, Victoria Licence, David Lieberman, Susan Liebeschuetz, Nicky Lightfoot, Patrick 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Paula Lopez, Robert Lord, Catherine Lorenzen, Claire Lorimer, Francesco Loro, Rachel Lorusso, Robert Loveless, Maxine Lovell, Angeliki Loverdou, Andrew Low, Jen M Low, Alastair Lowe, Caroline Lowe, Catherine Lowe, Emily Lowe, Faye Lowe, Michael Lowe, Richard Lowsby, Vicki Lowthorpe, Gamu Lubimbi, Alexandra Lubina Solomon, Georgia Lucas, Jacob Lucas, Alice Lucey, Olivia Lucey, Suzanne Luck, Jane Luke, Apurva Lunia, Muriel Lunn, Ji Luo, Cindy Nisha Luximon, Barrie Lyell, Elisavet Lyka, Audrey Lynas, Ceri Lynch, Daniel Lynch, Daniella Lynch, Stephen Lynch, Helen Lyon, Rea-Grace Maamari, Hannah Mabb, Louies Mabelin, Jessica Macaro, Kateryna Macconaill, Chloe Macdonald, Stuart MacDonald, Claire Macfadyen, James Gray Macfarlane, Jill Macfarlane, Laura Macfarlane, Lisa MacInnes, Iain MacIntyre, Jill MacIntyre, Kirsten Mack, Callum Mackay, Euan Mackay, Laura Mackay, Alexander Mackenzie, Matt Mackenzie, Robert MacKenzie Ross, Ami Mackey, Fiona Mackie, Robert Mackie, Carolyn Mackinlay, Claire Mackintosh, Katherine Mackintosh, Mary Joan MacLeod, Michael Macmahon, Andrew MacNair, Catherine Macphee, Iain Macpherson, Catriona Macrae, Allan MacRaild, Alannah Madden, Mary Madden, Norman Madeja, Karen Madgwick, Pradeep Madhivathanan, Madhavi Madhusudhana, Alpha Madu, Lorraine Madziva, Marion Mafham, Nick Magee, Frederick Magezi, Negar Maghsoodi, Christopher Magier, Marios Magriplis, Natasha Mahabir, Subramanian Mahadevan-Bava, Anjanie Maharajh, Ajit Mahaveer, Bal Mahay, Kanta Mahay, Hibo Mahdi, Thushika Mahendiran, Siva Mahendran, Sarah Maher, Anistta Maheswaran, Shameera Maheswaran, Tina Maheswaran, Parisa Mahjoob-Afag, Ahmed Mahmood, Farhana Mahmood, Waheed Mahmood, Zahra Mahmood, Hager Mahmoud, Ewan Mahony, Luke Mair, Toluwani Majekdunmi, Kesson Majid, Rupert Major, Jaydip Majumdar, Mohammad K H Majumder, Stephen Makin, Marius Malanca, Hannah Malcolm, Flora Malein, Neeraj Malhan, Ayesha Malik, Gulshan Malik, Mohammed Maljk, Paul Mallett, Petrina Mallinder, Georgia Mallison, Louise Mallon, Edward Malone, Gracie Maloney, Edgar Malundas, Madhu Mamman, Irene Man, Kathy Man, Rossana Mancinelli, Marco Mancuso-Marcello, Tracy Manders, Lauren Manderson, Justin Mandeville, Roope Manhas, Carmen Maniero, Ravi Manikonda, Bobby Mann, Jonathan Manning, Katherine Mansi, Katarina Manso, Dina Mansour, Isheunesu T Mapfunde, Predeesh Mappa, Hemant Maraj, Clare Marchand, Neil Marcus, Maria Marecka, Gomathi Margabanthu, Jordi Margalef, Lavinia Margarit, Georgios Margaritopoulos, Mike Margarson, Fernandez M Maria del Rocio, Teresa Maria Pfyl, Victor Mariano, Helen Maria-Osborn, Ashleigh Maric, Grace Markham, Maria Marks, Pamela Marks, Elisabeth Marouzet, Arran Marriott, Cheryl Marriott, Nemonie Marriott, Karen Marsden, Paul Marsden, Sarah Marsden, Tracy Marsden, Robyn Marsh, Adam Marshall, Andrew Marshall, Gail Marshall, Henry Marshall, Jaimie Marshall, Jenna Marshall, Nicola Marshall, Riley Marshall, Jennifer Marshall, Samantha Marston, Emmeline Martin, Hayley Martin, Hope Martin, Jane Martin, Karen Martin, Kate Martin, Laila Martin, Michael Martin, Noelia Martin, Tim Martin, Winston Martin, Tim Martindale, Marcus Martineau, Lauren Martinez, Jose C Martinez Garrido, Juan Martin-Lazaro, Vijay K Maruthamuthu, Gemma Maryan, Roman Mary-Genetu, Sam Maryosh, Vidan Masani, Diego Maseda, Sheila Mashate, Yasaman Mashhoudi, Al Mashta, Izhaq Masih, Sanna Masih, Nick Maskell, Perry Maskell, Matthew Masoli, Rebecca Mason, Richard Mason, Ruth Mason, Claire Mason, Mohammad Masood, Mohammad T Masood, Syed Masood, Syed S M E Masood, Aaqib Masud, Lear Matapure, Cristina Matei, Ropafadzo Matewe, Manraj Matharu, Stephy Mathen, Alex Mather, Nicole Mather, Jonathan Mathers, Joanna Matheson, Amal Mathew, Anna Mathew, Moncy Mathew, Verghese Mathew, Caroline Mathews, Jesha Mathews, Kate Mathias, Darwin Matila, Wadzanai Matimba-Mupaya, Nashaba Matin, Elina Matisa, Max Matonhodze, Elijah Matovu, Jaysankar Mattappillil, Alison J Matthews, Heather Matthews, Helen Matthews, Gwynn 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Rowan, Anna Rowe, Louise Rowe-Leete, Benjamin Rowlands, Megan Rowley, Aparajita Roy, Subarna Roy, Anna Roynon-Reed, Sam Rozewicz, Anna Rudenko, Senthan Rudrakumar, Banu Rudran, Shannon Ruff, Prita Rughani, Sharon Rundell, Jeremy Rushmer, Darren Rusk, Peter Russell, Richard Russell, Cristina Russo, Marieke Rutgers, Aidan Ryan, Brendan Ryan, Lucy Ryan, Matthew Ryan, Pat Ryan, Phil Ryan, Declan Ryan-Wakeling, M Saad, Javeson Sabale, Suganya Sabaretnam, Noman Sadiq, Emma Sadler, Ashiq Saffy, Beth Sage, Harkiran Sagoo, Sobia Sagrir, Rajnish Saha, Sian Saha, Nikhil Sahdev, Sarvjit Sahedra, Jagdeep Sahota, Nooria Said, Sreekanth Sakthi, Hikari Sakuri, Murthy Saladi, Abdul Salam, Armorel Salberg, Erika Salciute, Gina Saleeb, Mumtaz Saleh, Hizni Salih, Laylan Salih, Sarah Salisbury, SiteEneye Saliu, Rustam Salman, Jenny Salmon, Dario Salutous, Mfon Sam, Sally Sam, Tinashe Samakomva, Renaldo Samlal, Emily Sammons, David Sammut, Mark Sammut, Zoe Sammut, Sunitha Sampath, Claire Sampson, Julia 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Yingjia Yang, Michael Yanney, Woei Lin Yap, Nabil Yaqoob, Salima Yasmin, Bryan Yates, David Yates, Edward Yates, Helen Yates, Julie Yates, Mark Yates, Charlotte Yearwood Martin, Khin Yein, Fiona Yelnoorkar, Peter Yew, Kawai Yip, Laura Ylquimiche, Laura Ylquimiche Melly, Inez Ynter, H Yong, Jemma Yorke, Jasmine Youens, Abdel Younes Ibrahim, Eoin Young, Gail Young, Louise Young, Asfand Yousafzar, Sajeda Youssouf, Ahmed Yousuf, Chrissie Yu, Bernard Yung, Daniel Yusef, Said Yusef, Intekhab Yusuf, Anna-Sophia Zafar, Silvia Zagalo, Su Zaher, Aqsa Zahoor, Kareem Zaki, Nabhan Zakir, Kasia Zalewska, Ane Zamalloa, Mohsin Zaman, Raisa Zaman, Shakir Zaman, Julie Zamikula, Louise Zammit, Marie Zammit-Mangion, Esther Zebracki, Daniel Zehnder, Lisa Zeidan, Xiaobei Zhao, Dongling Zheng, Doreen Zhu, Madiha Zia, Omar Zibdeh, Rabia Zill-E-Huma, Ei Thankt Zin, Eleanor Zinkin, Vivian Zinyemba, Christos Zipitis, Arkadiusz Zmierczak, Azam Zubir, Naz Zuhra, Rasha Zulaikha, Sabrina Zulfikar, Carol Zullo, Ana Zuriaga-Alvaro, University of St Andrews. School of Medicine, National Institute for Health Research, UK Research and Innovation, Group, RECOVERY Collaborative, and Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Subjects: Adult, Male, Adolescent, Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized, Severity of Illness Index, Young Adult, Medicine, General & Internal, SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being, RA0421, General & Internal Medicine, RA0421 Public health. Hygiene. Preventive Medicine, Humans, Hospital Mortality, Hypoxia, 11 Medical and Health Sciences, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Science & Technology, SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, Covid19, Articles, General Medicine, 3rd-DAS, Middle Aged, NIS, Respiration, Artificial, COVID-19 Drug Treatment, Hospitalization, RECOVERY Collaborative Group, Treatment Outcome, Oxygen Saturation, Female, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, Anaesthesia Pain and Critical Care
Abstract: The RECOVERY trial is supported by a grant to the University of Oxford from UK Research and Innovation–NIHR (Grant reference: MC_PC_19056) and by core funding provided by NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Wellcome, the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, the Department for International Development, Health Data Research UK, the Medical Research Council Population Health Research Unit, the NIHR Health Protection Research Unit in Emerging and Zoonotic Infections, and NIHR Clinical Trials Unit Support Funding. TJ is supported by a grant from UK Medical Research Council (MC_UU_0002/14) and an NIHR Senior Research Fellowship (NIHR-SRF-2015-08-001). WSL is supported by core funding provided by NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre. Background : In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effects of tocilizumab in adult patients admitted to hospital with COVID-19 with both hypoxia and systemic inflammation. Methods : This randomised, controlled, open-label, platform trial (Randomised Evaluation of COVID-19 Therapy [RECOVERY]), is assessing several possible treatments in patients hospitalised with COVID-19 in the UK. Those trial participants with hypoxia (oxygen saturation
Published: 2021
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12. The Massive and Distant Clusters of WISE Survey IX: High Radio Activity in a Merging Cluster

Author: Anthony H. Gonzalez, Jonathan Sievers, Stacey L. Alberts, Craig L. Sarazin, Simon Dicker, Bandon Decker, Wenli Mo, Mark Brodwin, Emily Moravec, Spencer A. Stanford, Charles Romero, Mark J. Devlin, Brian Mason, Tracy Clarke, Tony Mroczkowski, Peter R. Eisenhardt, Fernando Zago, Daniel Stern, Dominika Wylezalek, Thomas Connor, and Alexandra Pope
Subjects: Physics, Active galactic nucleus, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Radio galaxy, Center (category theory), Green Bank Telescope, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Galaxy, Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), Intracluster medium, 0103 physical sciences, Galaxy formation and evolution, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Galaxy cluster, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: We present a multi-wavelength investigation of the radio galaxy population in the galaxy cluster MOO J1506+5137 at $z$=1.09$\pm$0.03, which in previous work we identified as having multiple complex radio sources. The combined dataset used in this work includes data from the Low-Frequency Array Two-metre Sky Survey (LoTSS), NSF's Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array (VLA), the Robert C. Byrd Green Bank Telescope (GBT), the Spitzer Space Telescope, and the Dark Energy Camera Legacy Survey (DECaLS). We find that there are five radio sources which are all located within 500 kpc ($\sim$1$^{\prime}$) of the cluster center and have radio luminosities $P_{\mathrm{1.4GHz}}$ > 1.6$\times$10$^{24}$ W Hz$^{-1}$. The typical host galaxies are among the highest stellar mass galaxies in the cluster. The exceptional radio activity among the massive galaxy population appears to be linked to the dynamical state of the cluster. The galaxy distribution suggests an ongoing merger, with a subgroup found to the northwest of the main cluster. Further, two of the five sources are classified as bent-tail sources with one being a potential wide-angle tail (WAT)/hybrid morphology radio source (HyMoRS) indicating a dynamic environment. The cluster also lies in a region of the mass-richness plane occupied by other merging clusters in the Massive and Distant Clusters of WISE Survey (MaDCoWS). The data suggest that during the merger phase radio activity can be dramatically enhanced, which would contribute to the observed trend of increased radio activity in clusters with increasing redshift., 17 pages and 8 figures. Accepted in ApJ for publication
Published: 2020

13. Quasars That Have Transitioned from Radio-quiet to Radio-loud on Decadal Timescales Revealed by VLASS and FIRST

Author: Tracy Clarke, Jenny E. Greene, Andrew Hughes, Namir E. Kassim, Dipanjan Mukherjee, Gregg Hallinan, Wiphu Rujopakarn, Vivienne F. Baldassare, Kunal Mooley, Pallavi Patil, Andy D. Goulding, Wendy Peters, Amy Kimball, Mark Lacy, Leonid Petrov, Sumit K. Sarbadhicary, Emil Polisensky, Sjoert van Velzen, Magdalena Kunert-Bajraszewska, Kristina Nyland, Mark Whittle, Mattia Vaccari, D. Dong, and Thomas J. Maccarone
Subjects: Active galactic nucleus, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, media_common.quotation_subject, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Population, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, 0103 physical sciences, Galaxy formation and evolution, education, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, media_common, Physics, education.field_of_study, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Quasar, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Redshift, Interstellar medium, Space and Planetary Science, Sky, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), Radio astronomy
Abstract: We have performed a search over 3440 deg$^2$ of Epoch 1 (2017-2019) of the Very Large Array Sky Survey to identify unobscured quasars in the optical ($0.2 < z < 3.2$) and obscured active galactic nuclei (AGN) in the infrared that have brightened dramatically in the radio over the past one to two decades. These sources would have been previously classified as "radio-quiet" quasars based on upper limits from the Faint Images of the Radio Sky at Twenty Centimeters survey (1993-2011), but they are now consistent with "radio-loud" quasars ($L_{\rm 3\,GHz} = 10^{40 - 42} \,\, {\rm erg} \,{\rm s}^{-1}$). A quasi-simultaneous, multiband ($\sim1-18$ GHz) follow-up study of 14 sources with the VLA has revealed compact sources ($$2500%), but roughly steady fluxes over a few months at 3 GHz, are inconsistent with extrinsic variability due to propagation effects, thus favoring an intrinsic origin. We conclude that our sources are powerful quasars hosting compact/young jets. This challenges the generally accepted idea that "radio-loudness" is a property of the quasar/AGN population that remains fixed on human timescales. Our study suggests that frequent episodes of short-lived AGN jets that do not necessarily grow to large scales may be common at high redshift. We speculate that intermittent but powerful jets on subgalactic scales could interact with the interstellar medium, possibly driving feedback capable of influencing galaxy evolution., 28 pages, 9 figures, accepted to ApJ
Published: 2020
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14. The discovery of radio halos in the Frontier Fields clusters Abell S1063 and Abell 370

Author: Tracy Clarke, Adi Zitrin, Christine Jones, Marcus Brüggen, Tony Mroczkowski, E. M. Churazov, Lorenzo Lovisari, C. Xie, Esra Bulbul, William R. Forman, Felipe Andrade-Santos, R. J. van Weeren, Ralph P. Kraft, Dharam V. Lal, Huib Intema, and A. Botteon
Subjects: Physics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope, Spectral index, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Context (language use), Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, 01 natural sciences, Jansky, Radio halo, Space and Planetary Science, Intracluster medium, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), 0103 physical sciences, Halo, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Galaxy cluster, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics
Abstract: Massive merging galaxy clusters often host diffuse Mpc-scale radio synchrotron emission. This emission originates from relativistic electrons in the ionized intracluster medium (ICM). An important question is how these synchrotron emitting relativistic electrons are accelerated. Our aim is to search for diffuse emission in the Frontier Fields clusters Abell S1063 and Abell 370 and characterize its properties. While these clusters are very massive and well studied at some other wavelengths, no diffuse emission has been reported for these clusters so far. We obtained 325 MHz Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope (GMRT) and 1--4 GHz Jansky Very Large Array (VLA) observations of Abell S1063 and Abell 370. We complement these data with Chandra and XMM-Newton X-ray observations. In our sensitive images, we discover radio halos in both clusters. In Abell S1063, a giant radio halo is found with a size of $\sim 1.2$ Mpc. The integrated spectral index between 325 MHz and 1.5 GHz is $-0.94\pm0.08$ and it steepens to $-1.77 \pm 0.20$ between 1.5 and 3.0 GHz. This spectral steepening provides support for the turbulent re-acceleration model for radio halo formation. Abell 370 hosts a faint radio halo mostly centred on the southern part of this binary merging cluster, with a size of $\sim 500-700$ kpc. The spectral index between 325 MHz and 1.5 GHz is $-1.10\pm0.09$. Both radio halos follow the known scaling relation between the cluster mass proxy $Y_{500}$ and radio power, consistent with the idea that they are related to ongoing cluster merger events., Comment: 12 pages, 13 figures, 4 tables; resubmitted to A&A after incorporating reviewer's comments
Published: 2020
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15. A radio counterpart to a neutron star merger

Author: Leo Singer, Dougal Dobie, Poonam Chandra, Felix J. Lockman, Varun Bhalerao, Gregg Hallinan, Assaf Horesh, David A. Nichols, Kunal Mooley, S. T. Myers, Elaine M. Sadler, Samaya Nissanke, Javed Rana, A. Corsi, Emil Lenc, Kenta Hotokezaka, Dale A. Frail, Wendy Peters, Keith W. Bannister, Anna Y. Q. Ho, Kaushik De, Ehud Nakar, Tara Murphy, Namir E. Kassim, Christene Lynch, Tracy Clarke, Tsvi Piran, Simona Giacintucci, David L. Kaplan, James R. Allison, Shrinivas R. Kulkarni, Mansi M. Kasliwal, and Nipuni Palliyaguru
Subjects: Physics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Multidisciplinary, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Gravitational wave, Astronomy, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc), Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Light curve, 01 natural sciences, Electromagnetic radiation, Galaxy, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology, Neutron star, 0103 physical sciences, Very-long-baseline interferometry, Ejecta, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Event (particle physics), Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics
Abstract: Gravitational waves have been detected from a binary neutron star merger event, GW170817. The detection of electromagnetic radiation from the same source has shown that the merger occurred in the outskirts of the galaxy NGC 4993, at a distance of 40 megaparsecs from Earth. We report the detection of a counterpart radio source that appears 16 days after the event, allowing us to diagnose the energetics and environment of the merger. The observed radio emission can be explained by either a collimated ultra-relativistic jet viewed off-axis, or a cocoon of mildly relativistic ejecta. Within 100 days of the merger, the radio light curves will distinguish between these models and very long baseline interferometry will have the capability to directly measure the angular velocity and geometry of the debris., Science, in press, 26 pages, DOI:10.1126/science.aap9855
Published: 2017
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16. The Massive and Distant Clusters of WISE Survey VII: The Environments and Properties of Radio Galaxies in Clusters at z~1

Author: Peter R. Eisenhardt, Bandon Decker, Mark Brodwin, Anthony H. Gonzalez, Dominika Wylezalek, Tracy Clarke, Emily Moravec, Wenli Mo, Spencer A. Stanford, Alexandra Pope, and Daniel Stern
Subjects: Luminous infrared galaxy, Physics, Active galactic nucleus, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Radio galaxy, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Galaxy, Luminosity, Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), 0103 physical sciences, Galaxy formation and evolution, Brightest cluster galaxy, 10. No inequality, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Galaxy cluster, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: We present the results from a study with NSF's Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array (VLA) to determine the radio morphologies of extended radio sources and the properties of their host galaxies in 50 massive galaxy clusters at z~1. We find a majority of the radio morphologies to be Fanaroff-Riley (FR) type IIs. By analyzing the infrared counterparts of the radio sources, we find that ~40% of the host galaxies are the candidate brightest cluster galaxy (BCG) and ~83% are consistent with being one of the top six most massive galaxies in the cluster. We investigate the role of environmental factors on the radio-loud AGN population by examining correlations between environmental and radio-galaxy properties. We find that the highest stellar mass hosts ($M_{*} \gtrsim$ 4$\times 10^{11} M_{\odot}$) are confined to the cluster center and host compact jets. There is evidence for an increase in the size of the jets with cluster-centric radius, which may be attributed to the decreased ICM pressure confinement with increasing radius. Besides this correlation, there are no other significant correlations between the properties of the radio-AGN (luminosity, morphology, or size) and environmental properties (cluster richness and location within the cluster). The fact that there are more AGN in the cluster environment than the field at this epoch, combined with the lack of strong correlation between galaxy and environmental properties, argues that the cluster environment fosters radio activity but does not solely drive the evolution of these sources at this redshift., Comment: Accepted by ApJ for publication, 16 pages, and 9 figures
Published: 2019
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17. Expanding the Sample of Radio Minihalos in Galaxy Clusters

Author: Tracy Clarke, Simona Giacintucci, V. Cuciti, Rossella Cassano, Maxim Markevitch, Tiziana Venturi, and Ruta Kale
Subjects: Physics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Sample (material), FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Positive correlation, 01 natural sciences, Luminosity, Cold front, Space and Planetary Science, 0103 physical sciences, Cluster (physics), Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Galaxy cluster, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: Radio minihalos are diffuse synchrotron sources of unknown origin found in the cool cores of some galaxy clusters. We use GMRT and VLA data to expand the sample of minihalos by reporting three new minihalo detections (A 2667, A 907 and PSZ1 G139.61+24.20) and confirming minihalos in five clusters (MACS J0159.8-0849, MACS J0329.6-0211, RXC J2129.6+0005, AS 780 and A 3444). With these new detections and confirmations, the sample now stands at 23, the largest sample to date. For consistency, we also reanalyze archival VLA 1.4 GHz observations of 7 known minihalos. We revisit possible correlations between the non-thermal emission and the thermal properties of their cluster hosts. Consistently with our earlier findings from a smaller sample, we find no strong relation between the minihalo radio luminosity and the total cluster mass. Instead, we find a strong positive correlation between the minihalo radio power and X-ray bolometric luminosity of the cool core (r, 37 pages, 16 figures, 8 tables, accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal
Published: 2019

18. An ALMA+ACA measurement of the shock in the Bullet Cluster

Author: Rashid Sunyaev, Eugene Churazov, Erik D. Reese, Tony Mroczkowski, Maxim Markevitch, Brian Mason, Daniel R. Wik, Luca Di Mascolo, Scott W. Randall, Mark J. Devlin, Tracy Clarke, Kaustuv Basu, Di Mascolo, L., Mroczkowski, T., Churazov, E., Markevitch, M., Basu, K., Clarke, T. E., Devlin, M., Mason, B. S., Randall, S. W., Reese, E. D., Sunyaev, R., and Wik, D. R.
Subjects: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Cosmic background radiation, FOS: Physical sciences, Context (language use), Galaxies: clusters: individual: 1E 0657-56, Galaxies: clusters: intracluster medium, Astrophysics, clusters: individual: 1E 0657-56 [Galaxies], clusters: intracluster medium [Galaxies], Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Submillimeter Array, 010104 statistics & probability, 0103 physical sciences, Cluster (physics), Bow shock (aerodynamics), 0101 mathematics, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Galaxy cluster, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Physics, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Galaxy, Shock (mechanics), Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: The thermal Sunyaev-Zeldovich (SZ) effect presents a relatively new tool for characterizing galaxy cluster merger shocks, traditionally studied through X-ray observations. Widely regarded as the "textbook example" of a cluster merger bow shock, the western shock front in the Bullet Cluster (1E0657-56) represents the ideal test case for such an SZ study. We aim to reconstruct a parametric model for the shock SZ signal by directly and jointly fitting deep, high-resolution interferometric data from the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) and Atacama Compact Array (ACA) in Fourier space. The ALMA+ACA data are primarily sensitive to the electron pressure difference across the shock front. To estimate the shock Mach number $M$, this difference can be combined with the value for the upstream electron pressure derived from an independent Chandra X-ray analysis. In the case of instantaneous electron-ion temperature equilibration, we find $M=2.08^{+0.12}_{-0.12}$, in $\approx 2.4\sigma$ tension with the independent constraint from Chandra, $M_X=2.74\pm0.25$. The assumption of purely adiabatic electron temperature change across the shock leads to $M=2.53^{+0.33}_{-0.25}$, in better agreement with the X-ray estimate $M_X=2.57\pm0.23$ derived for the same heating scenario. We have demonstrated that interferometric observations of the SZ effect provide constraints on the properties of the shock in the Bullet Cluster that are highly complementary to X-ray observations. The combination of X-ray and SZ data yields a powerful probe of the shock properties, capable of measuring $M$ and addressing the question of electron-ion equilibration in cluster shocks. Our analysis is however limited by systematics related to the overall cluster geometry and the complexity of the post-shock gas distribution. To overcome these limitations, a joint analysis of SZ and X-ray data is needed., Comment: 9 pages (including appendices), 5 figures, and 1 table; accepted for publication in A&A
Published: 2019

19. The Massive and Distant Clusters of WISE Survey V: Extended Radio Sources in Massive Galaxy Clusters at z~1

Author: Bandon Decker, Peter R. Eisenhardt, Dominika Wylezalek, Wenli Mo, Spencer A. Stanford, Christine O'Donnell, Anthony H. Gonzalez, Mark Brodwin, Tracy Clarke, Alexandra Pope, Emily Moravec, and Daniel Stern
Subjects: Physics, ComputerSystemsOrganization_COMPUTERSYSTEMIMPLEMENTATION, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, MathematicsofComputing_NUMERICALANALYSIS, Foundation (engineering), Astronomy, FOS: Physical sciences, ComputerApplications_COMPUTERSINOTHERSYSTEMS, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, 01 natural sciences, Space and Planetary Science, Basic research, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), 0103 physical sciences, ComputerSystemsOrganization_SPECIAL-PURPOSEANDAPPLICATION-BASEDSYSTEMS, Hardware_CONTROLSTRUCTURESANDMICROPROGRAMMING, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Galaxy cluster, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: We present the results from a pilot study with the Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array (JVLA) to determine the radio morphologies of extended radio sources and the properties of their host-galaxies in 10 massive galaxy clusters at z~1, an epoch in which clusters are assembling rapidly. These clusters are drawn from a parent sample of WISE-selected galaxy clusters that were cross-correlated with the VLA Faint Images of the Radio Sky at Twenty-Centimeters survey (FIRST) to identify extended radio sources within 1$^{\prime}$ of the cluster centers. Out of the ten targeted sources, six are FR II sources, one is an FR I source, and three sources have undetermined morphologies. Eight radio sources have associated Spitzer data, 75% presenting infrared counterparts. A majority of these counterparts are consistent with being massive galaxies. The angular extent of the FR sources exhibits a strong correlation with the cluster-centric radius, which warrants further investigation with a larger sample., Comment: accepted to ApJ
Published: 2018
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20. The Megaparsec-scale Gas-sloshing Spiral in the Remnant Cool Core Cluster Abell 1763

Author: Scott W. Randall, Tracy Clarke, Elizabeth L. Blanton, Louise O. V. Edwards, Z. Sabry, John ZuHone, and E. M. Douglass
Subjects: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), Population, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Intracluster medium, 0103 physical sciences, Peculiar velocity, Surface brightness, Brightest cluster galaxy, education, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Galaxy cluster, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Physics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), education.field_of_study, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Galaxy, Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), Impact parameter, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: We present a multiwavelength study of the massive galaxy cluster Abell 1763 at redshift z = 0.231. Image analysis of a 19.6 ks Chandra archival observation reveals a cluster-wide spiral of enhanced surface brightness in the intracluster medium (ICM). While such spirals are understood to form in clusters with sloshing strong cool cores (SCCs), the gas comprising the spiral's apex is of intermediate entropy ($\sim$ 110 keV cm$^{2}$) and cooling time ($\sim$ 6.8 Gyr), indicating core disruption is occurring throughout the spiral formation process. Two subclusters dominated by the second- and third-ranked galaxies in the system lie along a line parallel to the elongation axis of the primary cluster's ICM. Both subsystems appear to have fallen in along a previously discovered intercluster filament and are each considered candidates as the perturber responsible for initiating disruptive core sloshing. Dynamical analysis indicates infall is occurring with a relative radial velocity of $\sim$ 1800 km s$^{-1}$. The brightest cluster galaxy of Abell 1763 possesses a high line-of-sight peculiar velocity (v$_{pec}$ $\sim$ 650 km s$^{-1}$) and hosts a powerful (P$_{1.4}$ $\sim$ 10$^{26}$ W Hz$^{-1}$) bent double-lobed radio source, likely shaped by the relative bulk ICM flow induced in the merger. The cluster merger model of SCC destruction invokes low impact parameter infall as the condition required for core transformation. In contrast to this, the high angular momentum event occurring in Abell 1763 suggests that off-axis mergers play a greater role in establishing the non-cool core cluster population than previously assumed., Comment: 29 pages, 17 figures, accepted by ApJ
Published: 2018
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21. Chandra and JVLA Observations of HST Frontier Fields Cluster MACS J0717.5+3745

Author: Paul Nulsen, Megan Donahue, William A. Dawson, Tony Mroczkowski, E. M. Churazov, Felipe Andrade-Santos, Alexey Vikhlinin, Georgiana A. Ogrean, Esra Bulbul, R. J. van Weeren, Jack Sayers, Annalisa Bonafede, Ralph P. Kraft, William R. Forman, Keiichi Umetsu, Connor J. J. Pearce, Scott W. Randall, Elke Roediger, Julian Merten, Adi Zitrin, Marcus Brüggen, Laurence P. David, Andy D. Goulding, Tracy Clarke, Piero Rosati, B. Mason, and Christine Jones
Subjects: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), galaxies: clusters: intracluster medium, galaxies: clusters: individual (MACS J0717.5+3745), Radio galaxy, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Radio spectrum, NO, galaxies: clusters: individual (MACS J0717.5 | 3745), 0103 physical sciences, Galaxy filament, Cluster (physics), 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Galaxy cluster, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Physics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astronomy and Astrophysics, radiation mechanisms: non-thermal, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Cold front, Radio halo, Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), X-rays: galaxies: clusters, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: To investigate the relationship between thermal and non-thermal components in merger galaxy clusters, we present deep JVLA and Chandra observations of the HST Frontier Fields cluster MACS J0717.5+3745. The Chandra image shows a complex merger event, with at least four components belonging to different merging subclusters. NW of the cluster, $\sim 0.7$ Mpc from the center, there is a ram-pressure-stripped core that appears to have traversed the densest parts of the cluster after entering the ICM from the direction of a galaxy filament to the SE. We detect a density discontinuity NNE of this core which we speculate is associated with a cold front. Our radio images reveal new details for the complex radio relic and radio halo in this cluster. In addition, we discover several new filamentary radio sources with sizes of 100-300 kpc. A few of these seem to be connected to the main radio relic, while others are either embedded within the radio halo or projected onto it. A narrow-angled-tailed (NAT) radio galaxy, a cluster member, is located at the center of the radio relic. The steep spectrum tails of this AGN leads into the large radio relic where the radio spectrum flattens again. This morphological connection between the NAT radio galaxy and relic provides evidence for re-acceleration (revival) of fossil electrons. The presence of hot $\gtrsim 20$ keV ICM gas detected by Chandra near the relic location provides additional support for this re-acceleration scenario., 22 pages, 15 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
Published: 2017

22. Occurrence of radio minihalos in a mass-limited sample of galaxy clusters

Author: Maxim Markevitch, Tiziana Venturi, Gianfranco Brunetti, Simona Giacintucci, Rossella Cassano, and Tracy Clarke
Subjects: Physics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Solar mass, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), Stellar mass, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Galaxy, Galaxy groups and clusters, Space and Planetary Science, 0103 physical sciences, Cluster (physics), Halo, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Galaxy cluster, Radio astronomy, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: We investigate the occurrence of radio minihalos --- diffuse radio sources of unknown origin observed in the cores of some galaxy clusters --- in a statistical sample of 58 clusters drawn from the Planck Sunyaev-Zel'dovich cluster catalog using a mass cut ($M_{500}>6\times 10^{14} M_{\odot}$). We supplement our statistical sample with a similarly-sized non-statistical sample mostly consisting of clusters in the ACCEPT X-ray catalog with suitable X-ray and radio data, which includes lower-mass clusters. Where necessary (for 9 clusters), we reanalyzed the Very Large Array archival radio data to determine if a mihinalo is present. Our total sample includes all 28 currently known and recently discovered radio minihalos, including 6 candidates. We classify clusters as cool-core or non-cool core according to the value of the specific entropy floor in the cluster center, rederived or newly derived from the Chandra X-ray density and temperature profiles where necessary (for 27 clusters). Contrary to the common wisdom that minihalos are rare, we find that almost all cool cores - at least 12 out of 15 (80%) - in our complete sample of massive clusters exhibit minihalos. The supplementary sample shows that the occurrence of minihalos may be lower in lower-mass cool-core clusters. No minihalos are found in non-cool-cores or "warm cores". These findings will help test theories of the origin of minihalos and provide information on the physical processes and energetics of the cluster cores., 34 pages, accepted for publication in ApJ. Added a section "Definition of a minihalo" and an appendix "Radio size and average surface brigthtness of minihalos and halos"
Published: 2017

23. Extragalactic jets as probes of distant clusters of galaxies and the clusters occupied by bent radio AGN (COBRA) survey

Author: Emmet Golden-Marx, Mark Brodwin, Tracy Clarke, Joshua D. Wing, Scott W. Randall, E. M. Douglass, M. L. N. Ashby, Rachel Paterno-Mahler, and Elizabeth L. Blanton
Subjects: Physics, Luminous infrared galaxy, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Radio galaxy, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Bent molecular geometry, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Quasar, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, 01 natural sciences, Redshift, Galaxy, 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), 0103 physical sciences, Radiative transfer, Cluster (physics), 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: We are conducting a large survey of distant clusters of galaxies using radio sources with bent jets and lobes as tracers. These radio sources are driven by AGN and achieve their bent morphologies through interaction with the surrounding gas found in clusters of galaxies. Based on low-redshift studies, these types of sources can be used to identify clusters very efficiently. We present initial results from our survey of 653 bent-double radio sources with optical hosts too faint to appear in the SDSS. The sample was observed in the infrared with Spitzer, and it has revealed $\sim$200 distant clusters or proto-clusters in the redshift range $z\sim0.7 - 3.0$. The sample of bent-doubles contains both quasars and radio galaxies enabling us to study both radiative and kinetic mode feedback in cluster and group environments at a wide range of redshifts., Comment: To appear in the Proceedings of the IAU Symposium No. 313: "Extragalactic jets from every angle," Galapagos, Ecuador, 15-19 September 2014, F. Massaro, C. C. Cheung, E. Lopez, and A. Siemiginowska (Eds.), Cambridge University Press
Published: 2014
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24. Radio Astronomy in LSST Era1

Author: Matt J. Jarvis, S. T. Myers, Amy J. Barger, Amy Kimball, Samaya Nissanke, Mario Juric, B. A. Zauderer, Rachel A. Osten, T. Joseph W. Lazio, M. T. Hunyh, Tracy Clarke, Robert L. Dickman, Shami Chatterjee, James J. Condon, Namir E. Kassim, and W. N. Brandt
Subjects: Data stream, Active galactic nucleus, Star formation, Computer science, media_common.quotation_subject, Astronomy, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Galaxy, Identification (information), Space and Planetary Science, Sky, Radio astronomy, Radio wave, media_common
Abstract: A community meeting on the topic of "Radio Astronomy in the LSST Era" was hosted by the National Radio Astronomy Observatory in Charlottesville, VA (2013 May 6--8). The focus of the workshop was on time domain radio astronomy and sky surveys. For the time domain, the extent to which radio and visible wavelength observations are required to understand several classes of transients was stressed, but there are also classes of radio transients for which no visible wavelength counterpart is yet known, providing an opportunity for discovery. From the LSST perspective, the LSST is expected to generate as many as 1 million alerts nightly, which will require even more selective specification and identification of the classes and characteristics of transients that can warrant follow up, at radio or any wavelength. The LSST will also conduct a deep survey of the sky, producing a catalog expected to contain over 38 billion objects in it. Deep radio wavelength sky surveys will also be conducted on a comparable time scale, and radio and visible wavelength observations are part of the multi-wavelength approach needed to classify and understand these objects. Radio wavelengths are valuable because they are unaffected by dust obscuration and, for galaxies, contain contributions both from star formation and from active galactic nuclei. The workshop touched on several other topics, on which there was consensus including the placement of other LSST "Deep Drilling Fields," inter-operability of software tools, and the challenge of filtering and exploiting the LSST data stream. There were also topics for which there was insufficient time for full discussion or for which no consensus was reached, which included the procedures for following up on LSST observations and the nature for future support of researchers desiring to use LSST data products.
Published: 2014
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25. Extended Radio Structures and a Compact X-Ray Cool-core in the Cluster Source PKS 1353–341

Author: Simona Giacintucci, Tracy Clarke, and C. C. Cheung
Subjects: Physics, Jet (fluid), Line-of-sight, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Center (category theory), FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Torus, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Radius, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, 01 natural sciences, Core (optical fiber), Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), 0103 physical sciences, Substructure, Brightest cluster galaxy, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: We present a radio and X-ray study of PKS 1353-341, the brightest cluster galaxy radio source at the center of a recent Chandra-discovered X-ray cluster. Our multi-frequency VLA images reveal an edge-brightened (FR-II), double-lobed structure with total ~50 kpc extent and 1.5 GHz power of $1.2\times10^{25}$ W Hz$^{-1}$, separated from the bright, arcsecond-scale core. We reanalyzed the Chandra data and found the X-ray emitting AGN is offset by ~9 kpc from a compact X-ray cool-core with temperature, $kT=3.1\pm0.5$ keV, and a radius of ~22 kpc, surrounded by a hotter $kT=6.3\pm0.7$ keV gas out to ~50 kpc. The offset suggests sloshing inside the cool-core induced by a minor merger or a past outburst of the AGN that produced the large-scale radio lobes. The comparable spatial scales of the lobes with the interface between the different temperature X-ray plasma indicate the lobes are actively heating the outer layers of what is now a remnant compact cool-core. Our dual-frequency VLBA images reveal substructure in the central radio source, consisting of a radio core with double-sided pc-scale jets pointing toward the kpc-scale structures. The northern jet is detected only at 8.4 GHz, indicating its emission is behind an absorbing torus or disk. We also measured faster apparent motions in the southern jet up to $1.9\pm1.1c$ than in the northern jet ($0.8\pm0.5c$). While the VLBA observations indicate the southern jet is aligned slightly closer to our line of sight, the asymmetries are overall modest and imply minimal projection effects in the large-scale radio structures., Comment: 16 pages, ApJ accepted
Published: 2019
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26. Data-driven model predictive quality control of batch processes

Author: Tracy Clarke-Pringle, Siam Aumi, Prashant Mhaskar, and Brandon Corbett
Subjects: Environmental Engineering, Computer science, General Chemical Engineering, media_common.quotation_subject, Control engineering, Missing data, Weighting, Data-driven, Model predictive control, Batch processing, Process control, Quality (business), Unavailability, Biotechnology, media_common
Abstract: This Chapter considers the problem of driving a batch process to a specified product quality using data-driven model predictive control (MPC). To address the problem of unavailability of online quality measurements, an inferential quality model, which relates the process conditions over the entire batch duration to the final quality, is required. The accuracy of this type of quality model, however, is sensitive to the prediction of the future batch behavior until batch termination. In this work, we handle this “missing data" problem by integrating a previously developed data-driven modeling methodology, which combines multiple local linear models with an appropriate weighting function to describe nonlinearities, with the inferential model in a MPC framework. The key feature of this approach is that the causality and nonlinear relationships between the future inputs and outputs are accounted for in predicting the final quality and computing the manipulated input trajectory. The efficacy of the proposed predictive control design is illustrated via closed-loop simulations of a nylon-6,6 batch polymerization process with limited measurements.
Published: 2013
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27. Commensal low frequency observing on the NRAO VLA: VLITE status and future plans

Author: Tracy Clarke, Namir E. Kassim, Walter Brisken, Joseph Helmboldt, E. Polisensky, Wendy Peters, Paul S. Ray, and Simona Giacintucci
Subjects: Physics, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, media_common.quotation_subject, Bandwidth (signal processing), 01 natural sciences, Jansky, Observatory, Sky, 0103 physical sciences, Broadband, Ionosphere, Spectral resolution, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Remote sensing, Radio astronomy, media_common
Abstract: The National Radio Astronomy Observatory's 27 antenna Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array (NRAO VLA) has been successfully transitioned to a broadband system. As part of this transition, the US Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) worked with NRAO to develop, install, and commission a new commensal low frequency system on the VLA. The VLA Low-band Ionosphere and Transient Experiment (VLITE) has dedicated samplers and uses spare NRAO optical fibers to transmit the signal from 10 low band receivers on VLA antennas to a dedicated real-time DiFX correlator. For these 10 antennas, this observing mode provides simultaneous data from both the low frequency receivers through the VLITE correlator and from the VLA higher frequencies receivers (1􀀀50 GHz) through the NRAO WIDAR correlator. During the first 1.5 years of operation, VLITE recorded data at roughly 70% wall-time, providing 64 MHz of bandwidth centered at 352 MHz with 2s sample time and 100 kHz spectral resolution. VLITE operations require no additional resources from the VLA system and greatly expand the capabilities of the VLA through value-added PI science, stand-alone astrophysics, the opening of a new window on transient searches, and serendipity. We present an overview of the VLITE program, discuss the sky coverage and depth obtained during the first 1.5 years of operation, and brie y outline a possible path forward to a full 27 antenna LOw Band Observatory (LOBO) which could run commensally with all VLA operations.
Published: 2016
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28. Magnetic turbulence in clusters of galaxies

Author: Torsten A. Enßlin, Tracy Clarke, A. Waelkens, Alexander Schekochihin, and C. Vogt
Subjects: Physics, Radio relics, Galaxy groups and clusters, Space and Planetary Science, Radio galaxy, Galaxy group, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Disc galaxy, Galaxy, Galaxy cluster, Magnetic field
Abstract: Galaxy clusters are large laboratories for magnetic plasma turbulence and therefore permit us to confront our theoretical concepts of magnetogenesis with detailed observations. Magnetic turbulence in clusters can be studied via the radio-synchrotron emission from the intra-cluster medium in the form of cluster radio relics and halos. The power spectrum of turbulent magnetic fields can be examined via Faraday rotation analysis of extended radio sources. In case of the Hydra A cool core, the observed magnetic spectrum can be understood in terms of a turbulence-mediated feedback loop between gas cooling and the jet activity of the central galaxy. Finally, methods to measure higher-order statistics of the magnetic field using Stokes-parameter correlations are discussed, which permit us to determine the power spectrum of the magnetic tension force. This fourth-order statistical quantity offers a way to discriminate between different magnetic turbulence scenarios and different field structures using radio polarimetric observations.
Published: 2016

29. HESS J1943+213: A Non-classical High-frequency-peaked BL Lac Object

Author: Z. Paragi, Sándor Frey, J. van Leeuwen, Gloria Mabel Dubner, Tracy Clarke, S. M. Straal, Elsa Beatriz Giacani, K. E. Gabanyi, and High Energy Astrophys. & Astropart. Phys (API, FNWI)
Subjects: Point source, Ciencias Físicas, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Pulsar wind nebula, general [pulsars], Radio spectrum, law.invention, Telescope, purl.org/becyt/ford/1 [https], Pulsar, law, 0103 physical sciences, Angular resolution, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Physics, Spectral index, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astronomy and Astrophysics, purl.org/becyt/ford/1.3 [https], Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Astronomía, Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, individual: HESS J1943+213 [BL Lacertae objects], CIENCIAS NATURALES Y EXACTAS, BL Lac object
Abstract: HESS J1943+213 is an unidentified TeV source that is likely a high-frequency-peaked BL Lac (HBL) object but also compatible with a pulsar wind nebula (PWN) nature. Each of these enormously different astronomical interpretations is supported by some of the observed unusual characteristics. In order to finally classify and understand this object we took a three-pronged approach, through time-domain, high angular resolution, and multi-frequency radio studies. First, our deep time-domain observations with the Arecibo telescope failed to uncover the putative pulsar powering the proposed PWN. We conclude with ~70% certainty that HESS J1943+213 does not host a pulsar. Second, long-baseline interferometry of the source with e-MERLIN at 1.5- and 5- GHz, shows only a core, a point source at ~ 1 - 100 milli-arcsecond resolution. Its 2013 flux density is about one-third lower than detected in 2011 observations with similar resolution. This radio variability of the core strengthens the HBL object hypothesis. More evidence against the PWN scenario comes, third, from the radio spectrum we compiled. The extended structure follows a power-law behavior with spectral index alpha = -0.54 +- 0.04 while the core component is flat spectrum (alpha = -0.03 +- 0.03). In contrast, the radio synchrotron emission of PWNe predicts a single power-law distribution. Overall we rule out the PWN hypothesis and conclude the source is a BL Lac object. The consistently high fraction (70%) of the flux density from the extended structure then leads us to conclude that HESS J1943+213 must be a non-classical HBL object., 8 pages, 4 figures, ApJ submitted
Published: 2016
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30. The VLA Low Band Ionospheric and Transient Experiment (VLITE): A Commensal Sky Survey

Author: Wendy Peters, Scott D. Hyman, Tracy Clarke, Simona Giacintucci, Emil Polisensky, and Namir E. Kassim
Subjects: Physics, Very large array, media_common.quotation_subject, Bandwidth (signal processing), FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy, Primary science, Radio astronomy observatory, Jansky, Sky, Ionosphere, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), Naval research, media_common
Abstract: The US Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) and the National Radio Astronomy Observatory (NRAO) have collaborated to develop, install, and commission a new commensal system on the Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array (VLA). The VLA Low Band Ionospheric and Transient Experiment (VLITE) makes use of dedicated samplers and fibers to tap the signal from 10 VLA low band receivers and correlate those through a real-time DiFX correlator. VLITE allows for the simultaneous use of the VLA to observe primary science using the higher frequencies receivers (1-50 GHz) through the NRAO WIDAR correlator and lower frequencies through the DiFX correlator. VLITE operates during nearly all observing programs and provides 64 MHz of bandwidth centered at 352 MHz. The operation of VLITE requires no additional resources from the VLA system running the primary science and produces an ad-hoc sky survey. The commensal system greatly expands the capabilities of the VLA through value-added PI science, stand-alone astrophysics, the opening of a new window on transient searches, and serendipity. In the first year of operation we have recorded more than 6300 hours spread across the sky. We present an overview of the VLITE program, discuss the sky coverage and depth obtained during the first year of operation, and briefly outline the astrophysics and transients programs., 8 pages, 4 figures, Proceedings of the conference "The many facets of extragalactic radio surveys: towards new scientific challenges", PoS(EXTRA-RADSUR2015)019, eds. I Prandoni & R. Morganti
Published: 2016
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31. Multi-wavelength Observations of the Dissociative Merger in the Galaxy Cluster CIZA J0107.7+5408

Author: William A. Dawson, Esra Bulbul, Elizabeth L. Blanton, Simona Giacintucci, Tracy Clarke, Scott W. Randall, R. J. van Weeren, Tony Mroczkowski, and Huib Intema
Subjects: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Dark matter, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Low frequency, High frequency, 01 natural sciences, Radio relics, 0103 physical sciences, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Galaxy cluster, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Physics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Galaxy, Ram pressure, Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), Halo, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: We present results based on X-ray, optical, and radio observations of the massive galaxy cluster CIZA J0107.7+5408. We find that this system is a post core passage, dissociative, binary merger, with the optical galaxy density peaks of each subcluster leading their associated X-ray emission peaks. This separation occurs because the diffuse gas experiences ram pressure forces while the effectively collisionless galaxies (and presumably their associated dark matter halos) do not. This system contains double peaked diffuse radio emission, possibly a double radio relic with the relics lying along the merger axis and also leading the X-ray cores. We find evidence for a temperature peak associated with the SW relic, likely created by the same merger shock that is powering the relic radio emission in this region. Thus, this system is a relatively rare clean example of a dissociative binary merger, which can in principle be used to place constraints on the self-interaction cross-section of dark matter. Low frequency radio observations reveal ultra-steep spectrum diffuse radio emission that is not correlated with the X-ray, optical, or high frequency radio emission. We suggest that these sources are radio phoenixes, which are preexisting non-thermal particle populations that have been re-energized through adiabatic compression by the same merger shocks that power the radio relics. Finally, we place upper limits on inverse Compton emission from the SW radio relic., Comment: 12 pages, 13 figures, accepted by ApJ
Published: 2016
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32. Open wide: a dental health and toothbrush exchange project at an inpatient recovery and rehabilitation unit

Author: Waqqas A. Khokhar, Andrew Clifton, Oluwagbenga Odeyemi, Katherine Williams, Tracy Clarke, and Catharine Tarrant
Subjects: business.industry, media_common.quotation_subject, education.educational_degree, Psychiatric rehabilitation, Audit, Preventive Dentistry, Mental illness, medicine.disease, Mental health, Oral hygiene, stomatognathic diseases, Psychiatry and Mental health, Nursing, Hygiene, Health care, Medicine, business, education, media_common
Abstract: Excess morbidity in people with enduring mental illness is well known. The promotion of healthier lifestyles and physical health monitoring has started to receive more attention in recent years. Despite this, the British Society for Disability and Oral Health (BSDH) has highlighted extensive unmet needs for inpatients with mental illness who have poor levels of oral health and hygiene compounded by restricted access to dental services. An audit cycle of oral health and hygiene was completed at Heather Close Recovery Unit (HCRU), Mansfield in 2009 and 2010, with the aims to improve the oral healthcare of the patients at HCRU and to develop the multidisciplinary team's ability to promote, monitor and enable patients to look after their dental health. A total of 59 people were helped to fill in the questionnaire during two audit runs. Improvement in access to toothbrushes increased from 68% to 86%. There is also an improvement in knowledge of basic oral hygiene practice from 55% to 61%. The ideally recommended practice of brushing teeth twice daily increased from 29% to 38% in our patients. There was a little improvement in the number of patients registered with the dentist since the last audit. We believe that prevention and early intervention are keys to addressing dental health problems in psychiatric patients. The improvement in oral/dental healthcare of patients with chronic mental illness should be seen as part of the holistic recovery package. Effective liaison with community preventive dentistry teams can play a vital role in educating mental health practitioners and patients.
Published: 2011
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33. Rabbit Polyclonal Mouse Antithymocyte Globulin Administration Alters Dendritic Cell Profile and Function in NOD Mice to Suppress Diabetogenic Responses

Author: Yanfei Huang, Matthew Parker, Chang-Qing Xia, Mark A. Atkinson, Michael J. Clare-Salzler, Ruihua Peng, Tayseer Chowdhry, Karl L. Womer, Tracy Clarke, Clive Wasserfall, Martha Campbell-Thompson, John M. Williams, and Lizhen Wu
Subjects: Cellular differentiation, T cell, Immunology, Spleen, Biology, Article, Mice, Th2 Cells, Bone Marrow, Mice, Inbred NOD, Diabetes Mellitus, medicine, Animals, Immunology and Allergy, Antilymphocyte Serum, NOD mice, Cell Differentiation, Dendritic Cells, Dendritic cell, Interleukin-10, Cell biology, Interleukin 10, medicine.anatomical_structure, Female, Rabbits, Ex vivo, CD8
Abstract: Mouse antithymocyte globulin (mATG) prevents, as well as reverses, type 1 diabetes in NOD mice, through mechanisms involving modulation of the immunoregulatory activities of T lymphocytes. Dendritic cells (DC) play a pivotal role in the generation of T cell responses, including those relevant to the autoreactive T cells enabling type 1 diabetes. As Abs against DC are likely generated during production of mATG, we examined the impact of this preparation on the phenotype and function of DC to elucidate novel mechanisms underlying its beneficial activities. In vivo, mATG treatment transiently induced the trafficking of mature CD8− predominant DC into the pancreatic lymph node of NOD mice. Splenic DC from mATG-treated mice also exhibited a more mature phenotype characterized by reduced CD8 expression and increased IL-10 production. The resultant DC possessed a potent capacity to induce Th2 responses when cultured ex vivo with diabetogenic CD4+ T cells obtained from BDC2.5 TCR transgenic mice. Cotransfer of these Th2-deviated CD4+ T cells with splenic cells from newly diabetic NOD mice into NOD.RAG−/− mice significantly delayed the onset of diabetes. These studies suggest the alteration of DC profile and function by mATG may skew the Th1/Th2 balance in vivo and through such actions, represent an additional novel mechanism by which this agent provides its beneficial activities.
Published: 2009
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34. Starting a care improvement journey: focusing on the essentials of bedside nursing care in an Australian teaching hospital

Author: Greg Fairbrother, Michaela Kelleher, and Tracy Clarke
Subjects: business.industry, Nursing research, General Medicine, Nursing Outcomes Classification, Nursing care, Nursing care plan, Team nursing, Ambulatory care, Nursing, Medicine, Nurse education, business, General Nursing, Primary nursing
Abstract: Aims and objectives. To evaluate and improve patient assessment practices, care practices, recognition of patient deterioration and communication in the acute ward environment. Background. A growing recognition of patient safety-related concerns in acute hospitals, a nursing shortage and a reduction in availability of skill and experience levels at the bedside led a group of clinicians to explore the issues that impacted on patient care at a ward level within their organisation. Design. Multimethod practice development study. This paper reports phase one of concept development. Method. A practice review was conducted using clinical audit processes that examined practice and documentation in relation to patient assessment parameters and care planning, specifically identifying whether changes in clinical parameters were identified and acted on. Results. Results highlighted a clear discrepancy between the care that was identified on the nursing care plan and the care the patient was receiving. Actions as a result of the disappointing audit results included changes to education programmes, strategies to improve critical discussion regarding clinical practices and the development of assessable domains of nursing care that were relevant and realistic to ward-based nurses. Conclusion. The results enabled the identification of eight domains of care and associated care outcomes that target strategies for care improvement. Emancipatory practice development methodology will be used to further progress this work and ensure successful implementation into clinical units. Relevance to clinical practice. This paper examines the critical discussions, audit processes and actions that took place, leading to the development of care outcomes for nurses.
Published: 2009
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35. Diabetic Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase Knockout Mice Develop Advanced Diabetic Nephropathy

Author: Richard J. Johnson, Marcelo Heinig, Waichi Sato, Olena Glushakova, Mark A. Atkinson, Takahiko Nakagawa, Yukio Yuzawa, Tracy Clarke, Martha Campbell-Thompson, and Byron P. Croker
Subjects: Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A, medicine.medical_specialty, Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III, Kidney, Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental, Nephropathy, Diabetic nephropathy, Mice, chemistry.chemical_compound, Enos, Internal medicine, Diabetes mellitus, medicine, Animals, Insulin, Diabetic Nephropathies, Endothelial dysfunction, Mice, Knockout, biology, business.industry, General Medicine, biology.organism_classification, medicine.disease, Death, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Endothelial stem cell, Vascular endothelial growth factor, Nitric oxide synthase, Endocrinology, chemistry, Nephrology, Disease Progression, biology.protein, business
Abstract: The pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy remains poorly defined, and animal models that represent the human disease have been lacking. It was demonstrated recently that the severe endothelial dysfunction that accompanies a diabetic state may cause an uncoupling of the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-endothelial nitric oxide (eNO) axis, resulting in increased levels of VEGF and excessive endothelial cell proliferation. It was hypothesized further that VEGF-NO uncoupling could be a major contributory mechanism that leads to diabetic vasculopathy. For testing of this hypothesis, diabetes was induced in eNO synthase knockout mice (eNOS KO) and C57BL6 controls. Diabetic eNOS KO mice developed hypertension, albuminuria, and renal insufficiency with arteriolar hyalinosis, mesangial matrix expansion, mesangiolysis with microaneurysms, and Kimmelstiel-Wilson nodules. Glomerular and peritubular capillaries were increased with endothelial proliferation and VEGF expression. Diabetic eNOS KO mice showed increased mortality at 5 mo. All of the functional and histologic changes were improved with insulin therapy. Inhibition of eNO predisposes mice to classic diabetic nephropathy. The mechanism likely is due to VEGF-NO uncoupling with excessive endothelial cell proliferation coupled with altered autoregulation consequent to the development of preglomerular arteriolar disease. Endothelial dysfunction in human diabetes is common, secondary to effects of glucose, advanced glycation end products, C-reactive protein, uric acid, and oxidants. It was postulated that endothelial dysfunction should predict nephropathy and that correction of the dysfunction may prevent these important complications.
Published: 2007
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36. Partial correction of the CFTR-dependent ABPA mouse model with recombinant adeno-associated virus gene transfer of truncated CFTR gene

Author: Christian Mueller, Tracy Clarke, Sofia Braag, Terence R. Flotte, Martha Campbell-Thompson, Daniel M. Torrez, and Ashley T. Martino
Subjects: Transgene, Green Fluorescent Proteins, Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator, Complex Mixtures, Gene delivery, medicine.disease_cause, Cystic fibrosis, Virus, Aspergillus fumigatus, Mice, Transduction, Genetic, Drug Discovery, Concanavalin A, Genetics, medicine, Animals, Humans, Immunologic Factors, Mice, Inbred CFTR, Transgenes, Molecular Biology, Adeno-associated virus, Genetics (clinical), Cell Proliferation, biology, Aspergillosis, Allergic Bronchopulmonary, Genetic Therapy, Dependovirus, Immunoglobulin E, medicine.disease, biology.organism_classification, Disease Models, Animal, Gene Expression Regulation, Mutation, Immunology, Knockout mouse, Cytokines, Molecular Medicine, Mutant Proteins, Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis, Fluorescein-5-isothiocyanate, Spleen
Abstract: Recently, we have developed a model of airway inflammation in a CFTR knockout mouse utilizing Aspergillus fumigatus crude protein extract (Af-cpe) to mimic allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA) 1, an unusual IgE-mediated hypersensitivity syndrome seen in up to 15% of cystic fibrosis (CF) patients and rarely elsewhere. We hypothesized that replacement of CFTR via targeted gene delivery to airway epithelium would correct aberrant epithelial cytokine signaling and ameliorate the ABPA phenotype in CFTR-deficient (CFTR 489X - /-, FABP-hCFTR + / +) mice. CFTR knockout mice underwent intra-tracheal (IT) delivery of recombinant adeno-associated virus serotype 5 (rAAV5Delta-264CFTR) or rAAV5-GFP at 2.58 x 10(12) viral genomes/mouse. All mice were then sensitized with two serial injections (200 microg) of crude Af antigen via the intra-peritoneal (IP) route. Untreated mice were sensitized without virus exposure. Challenges were performed 2 weeks after final sensitization, using a 0.25% solution containing Aspergillus fumigatus crude protein extract delivered by inhalation on three consecutive days. The rAAV5Delta-264CFTR-treated mice had lower total serum IgE levels (172513 ng/ml +/- 1312) than rAAV5-GFP controls (26 892 ng/ml +/- 3715) (p = 0.037) and non-treated, sensitized controls (24 816 +/- 4219 ng/ml). Serum IgG1 levels also were lower in mice receiving the CFTR vector. Interestingly, splenocytes from rAAV5Delta-264CFTR-treated mice secreted less IL-13, INFg, TNFa, RANTES and GM-CSF after ConA stimulation. Gene therapy with rAAV5Delta-264CFTR attenuated the hyper-IgE response in this reproducible CF mouse model of ABPA, with systemic effects also evident in the cytokine response of stimulated splenocytes.
Published: 2007
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37. Resolving the Merging Planck Cluster PLCK G147.3-16.6 with GISMO

Author: Huib Intema, Tony Mroczkowski, Attila Kovács, Dominic J. Benford, Scott W. Randall, Esra Bulbul, Johannes Staguhn, Tracy Clarke, and R. J. van Weeren
Subjects: Physics, Line-of-sight, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Redshift, Galaxy, Cosmology, symbols.namesake, Radio halo, Space and Planetary Science, symbols, Substructure, Planck, Galaxy cluster, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: The $Planck$ satellite has recently completed an all-sky galaxy cluster survey exploiting the thermal Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (SZ) effect to locate some of the most massive systems observable. With a median redshift of $\left=0.22$, the clusters found by $Planck$ at $z>0.3$ are proving to be exceptionally massive and/or disturbed systems. One notable $Planck$ discovery at $z=0.645$, PLCK G147.3-16.6, has a dual core and hosts a radio halo, indicating it is likely in the process of merging. We present a 16."5 resolution SZ observation of this high-$z$ merger using the Goddard-IRAM Superconducting 2 Millimeter Observer (GISMO), and compare it to X-ray follow-up observations with XMM-$Newton$. We find the SZ pressure substructure is offset from the core components seen in X-ray. We interpret this offset as possible line of sight temperature or density substructure due to the on-going merger., Comment: 6 pages, 4 figures, 1 table. Accept for publication in ApJ Letters (9 June 2015)
Published: 2015

38. Monitoring the Sky with the Prototype All-Sky Imager on the LWA1

Author: Joshua D. Dowell, D. DuBois, J. M. Hartman, Frank K. Schinzel, Patricia A. Henning, Sarah E. Michalak, Joseph Lazio, A. DuBois, K. S. Obenberger, G. B. Taylor, and Tracy Clarke
Subjects: Physics, Instrumentation, media_common.quotation_subject, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Pulse energy density, Image processing, Pulse (physics), law.invention, law, Sky, Astronomical interferometer, Dipole antenna, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Pulse energy, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), Remote sensing, media_common
Abstract: We present a description of the Prototype All-Sky Imager (PASI), a backend correlator and imager of the first station of the Long Wavelength Array (LWA1). PASI cross-correlates a live stream of 260 dual-polarization dipole antennas of the LWA1, creates all-sky images, and uploads them to the LWA-TV website in near real-time. PASI has recorded over 13,000 hours of all-sky images at frequencies between 10 and 88 MHz creating opportunities for new research and discoveries. We also report rate density and pulse energy density limits on transients at 38, 52, and 74 MHz, for pulse widths of 5 s. We limit transients at those frequencies with pulse energy densities of $>2.7\times 10^{-23}$, $>1.1\times 10^{-23}$, and $>2.8\times 10^{-23}$ J m$^{-2}$ Hz$^{-1}$ to have rate densities $, 27 pages, 10 Figures, 1 Table
Published: 2015
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39. Frontier Fields Clusters: Chandra and JVLA View of the Pre-Merging Cluster MACS J0416.1-2403

Author: Christine Jones, Esra Bulbul, M. Pandey-Pommier, Paul Nulsen, Megan Donahue, E. M. Churazov, Tony Mroczkowski, Keiichi Umetsu, Joydeep Bagchi, Andy D. Goulding, Tracy Clarke, Jack Sayers, Georgiana A. Ogrean, Adi Zitrin, S. S. Murray, William R. Forman, Alexey Vikhlinin, Scott W. Randall, Melanie Johnston-Hollitt, Julian Merten, Felipe Andrade-Santos, R. J. van Weeren, Piero Rosati, Harald Ebeling, Annalisa Bonafede, Brian Mason, Elke Roediger, Ralph P. Kraft, Laurence P. David, Ogrean, G.A., Weeren, R. J. Van, Jones, C., Clarke, T.E., Sayers, J., Mroczkowski, T., Nulsen, P.E.J., Forman, W., Murray, S.S., Pandey-Pommier, M., Randall, S., Churazov, E., Bonafede, A., Kraft, R., David, L., Andrade-Santos, F., Merten, J., Zitrin, A., Umetsu, K., Goulding, A., Roediger, E., Bagchi, J., Bulbul, E., Donahue, M., Ebeling, H., Johnston-Hollitt, M., Mason, B., Rosati, P., and Vikhlinin, A.
Subjects: Physics, Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Dark matter, Astrpophysics, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astronomy and Astrophysic, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Luminosity, NO, Jansky, Radio halo, Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), Cluster (physics), Halo, Galaxy cluster, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: Merging galaxy clusters leave long-lasting signatures on the baryonic and non-baryonic cluster constituents, including shock fronts, cold fronts, X-ray substructure, radio halos, and offsets between the dark matter and the gas components. Using observations from Chandra, the Jansky Very Large Array, the Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope, and the Hubble Space Telescope, we present a multiwavelength analysis of the merging Frontier Fields cluster MACS J0416.1-2403 (z=0.396), which consists of a NE and a SW subclusters whose cores are separated on the sky by ~250 kpc. We find that the NE subcluster has a compact core and hosts an X-ray cavity, yet it is not a cool core. Approximately 450 kpc south-south west of the SW subcluster, we detect a density discontinuity that corresponds to a compression factor of ~1.5. The discontinuity was most likely caused by the interaction of the SW subcluster with a less massive structure detected in the lensing maps SW of the subcluster's center. For both the NE and the SW subclusters, the dark matter and the gas components are well-aligned, suggesting that MACS J0416.1-2403 is a pre-merging system. The cluster also hosts a radio halo, which is unusual for a pre-merging system. The halo has a 1.4 GHz power of (1.06 +/- 0.09) x 10^{24} W Hz^{-1}, which is somewhat lower than expected based on the X-ray luminosity of the cluster. We suggest that we are either witnessing the birth of a radio halo, or have discovered a rare ultra-steep spectrum halo., Submitted to ApJ. Comments are welcome
Published: 2015

40. CHANDRA and XMM-NEWTON OBSERVATIONS OF THE MERGING CLUSTER OF GALAXIES PLCK G036.7+14.9

Author: Paul Nulsen, Jan M. Vrtilek, Ewan O'Sullivan, Monique Arnaud, Long Ji, G. W. Pratt, Etienne Pointecouteau, Tracy Clarke, B. Zhang, Xu Kong, Håkon Dahle, Laurence P. David, Ralph P. Kraft, Christine Jones, Felipe Andrade-Santos, and R. J. van Weeren
Subjects: Physics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Line-of-sight, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), media_common.quotation_subject, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Mass ratio, symbols.namesake, Space and Planetary Science, Sky, ROSAT, Cluster (physics), symbols, Cluster sampling, Planck, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Galaxy cluster, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, media_common
Abstract: We present Chandra and XMM-Newton observations of PLCK G036.7+14.9 from the Chandra-Planck Legacy Program. The high resolution X-ray observations reveal two close subclusters, G036N and G036S, which were not resolved by previous ROSAT, optical, or recent Planck observations. We perform detailed imaging and spectral analyses and use a simplified model to study the kinematics of this system. The basic picture is that PLCK G036.7+14.9 is undergoing a major merger (mass ratio close to unity) between the two massive subclusters, with the merger largely along the line-of-sight and probably at an early stage. G036N hosts a small, moderate cool-core, while G036S has at most a very weak cool-core in the central 40 kpc region. The difference in core cooling times is unlikely to be caused by the ongoing merger disrupting a pre-existing cool-core in G036S. G036N also hosts an unresolved radio source in the center, which may be heating the gas if the radio source is extended. The Planck derived mass is higher than the X-ray measured mass of either subcluster, but is lower than the X-ray measured mass of the whole cluster, due to the fact that Planck does not resolve PLCK G036.7+14.9 into subclusters and interprets it as a single cluster. This mass discrepancy could induce significant bias to the mass function if such previously unresolved systems are common in the Planck cluster sample. High resolution X-ray observations are necessary to identify the fraction of such systems and correct such a bias for the purpose of precision cosmological studies., Comment: 23 pages, 8 figures (low resolution) with additional 12 figures in the Appendix, accepted for publication in ApJ
Published: 2015

41. X-ray detection of the proto supermassive binary black hole at the centre of Abell 400

Author: Thomas H. Reiprich, Tracy Clarke, Daniel S. Hudson, and Craig L. Sarazin
Subjects: Physics, Buoyancy, Active galactic nucleus, biology, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics (astro-ph), FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics, engineering.material, biology.organism_classification, Acis, symbols.namesake, Mach number, Binary black hole, Space and Planetary Science, Thermal, symbols, engineering, Entropy (information theory), Surface brightness, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics
Abstract: We report the first X-ray detection of a proto-supermassive binary black hole at the centre of Abell 400. Using the Chandra ACIS, we are able to clearly resolve the two active galactic nuclei in 3C 75, the well known double radio source at the centre of Abell 400. Through analysis of the new Chandra observation of Abell 400 along with 4.5 GHz and 330 MHz VLA radio data, we will show new evidence that the Active Galactic Nuclei in 3C 75 are a bound system. Methods. Using the high quality X-ray data, we map the temperature, pressure, density, and entropy of the inner regions as well as the cluster profile properties out to ~18'. We compare features in the X-ray and radio images to determine the interaction between the intra-cluster medium and extended radio emission. The Chandra image shows an elongation of the cluster gas along the northeast-southwest axis; aligned with the initial bending of 3C 75's jets. Additionally, the temperature profile shows no cooling core, consistent with a merging system. There is an apparent shock to the south of the core consistent with a Mach number of M~1.4 or speed of v~1200 km s^-1. Both Active Galactic Nuclei, at least in projection, are located in the low entropy, high density core just north of the shock region. We find that the projected path of the jets does not follow the intra-cluster medium surface brightness gradient as expected if their path were due to buoyancy. We also find that both central AGN are extended and include a thermal component. Based on this analysis, we conclude that the Active Galactic Nuclei in 3C 75 are a bound system from a previous merger. They are contained in a low entropy core moving through the intra-cluster medium at 1200 km s^-1. The bending of the jets is due to the local intra-cluster medium wind., 16 pages, 14 figures, accepted for publication in A&A
Published: 2006
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42. Efficient Hepatic Delivery and Expression from a Recombinant Adeno-associated Virus 8 Pseudotyped α1-Antitrypsin Vector

Author: Kirsten E. Erger, Martha Campbell-Thompson, James H. Crawford, Tracy Clarke, Sihong Song, Travis Cossette, Marda Scott-Jorgensen, Thomas J. Conlon, Terence R. Flotte, and Young-Kook Choi
Subjects: congenital, hereditary, and neonatal diseases and abnormalities, viruses, Genetic enhancement, Transgene, Genetic Vectors, Gene Expression, Biology, medicine.disease_cause, law.invention, Viral vector, Mice, Transduction (genetics), law, alpha 1-Antitrypsin Deficiency, Drug Discovery, medicine, Genetics, Animals, Humans, Transgenes, Adeno-associated virus, Molecular Biology, Pharmacology, Portal Vein, Genetic Therapy, Dependovirus, Virology, Molecular biology, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Disease Models, Animal, medicine.anatomical_structure, Capsid, alpha 1-Antitrypsin, Hepatocyte, Injections, Intravenous, Hepatocytes, Recombinant DNA, Molecular Medicine, Female
Abstract: α1-Antitrypsin (AAT) deficiency is a single-gene disorder in which a mutation in the AAT (approved symbol SERPINA1 ) gene (PI*Z) leads to misfolding of the protein, loss of the protective antiprotease effect of AAT for the lungs, and a toxic effect on hepatocytes. Optimal therapy for AAT deficiency will require a high percentage of hepatocyte transduction to be effective for liver and lung disease. Recently, rAAV genomes pseudotyped with capsids from serotypes 7 and 8 showed efficient hepatic transduction. We hypothesized that upon portal vein injection to target hepatocytes, serotype 8 would better transduce target cells and therefore express hAAT in both a greater percentage of cells and greater amounts. AAV2 and pseudotyped vectors for serotypes 1, 5, and 8 carrying the human AAT transgene were injected at 1 × 10 10 particle doses into C57Bl/6 mice. Circulating hAAT from AAV2/8-injected animals showed a 2-log advantage over AAV2 and 3-log increase over AAV2/1 and 5 for the 24-week study. Most significantly, up to 40% of total liver cells stained positive for the transgene in AAV2/8 subjects while remaining primarily episomal. Therefore, pseudotyped AAV8 provides a vehicle to infect a high percentage of hepatocytes stably and thereby express therapeutic molecules to modify AAT PiZ transcripts.
Published: 2005
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43. Do you know what they are doing with povidone-iodine in your operating theatre?

Author: Joe-Anne Bendall, Paul Curtis, Kate Clezy, Tracy Clarke, Jane McArthur, and Amy Bisson
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Infectious Diseases, chemistry, business.industry, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Medicine, chemistry.chemical_element, business, Iodine, General Nursing, Surgery
Published: 2017
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44. The radio relic in Abell 2256: overall spectrum and implications for electron acceleration

Author: Hiroki Akamatsu, Tracy Clarke, M. Trasatti, Marcus Brüggen, Annalisa Bonafede, Lorenzo Lovisari, Uli Klein, Daniele Dallacasa, Trasatti, M., Akamatsu, H., Lovisari, L., Klein, U., Bonafede, A., Brüggen, M., Dallacasa, D., and Clarke, T.
Subjects: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Physics, Spectral index, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Context (language use), Galaxies: clusters: individual: Abell 2256, Astrophysics, Electron, Astronomy and Astrophysic, Acceleration of particle, Power law, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Acceleration, Radio relics, Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), Galaxies: clusters: general, Test particle, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Galaxy cluster, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: The galaxy cluster Abell 2256 hosts one of the most intriguing examples in the class of radio relics. It has been found that this radio relic has a rather flat integrated spectrum at low frequencies that would imply an injection spectral index for the electrons that is inconsistent with the flattest allowed by the test particle diffusive shock acceleration (DSA). We performed new high-frequency observations at 2273, 2640, and 4850 MHz. Combining these new observations with images available in the literature, we constrain the radio integrated spectrum of the radio relic in Abell 2256 over the widest sampled frequency range collected so far for this class of objects (63 -10450 MHz). Moreover, we used X-ray observations of the cluster to check the temperature structure in the regions around the radio relic. We find that the relic keeps an unusually flat behavior up to high frequencies. Although the relic integrated spectrum between 63 and 10450 MHz is not inconsistent with a single power law with $\alpha_{63}^{10450}= 0.92\pm 0.02$, we find hints of a steepening at frequencies > 1400 MHz. The two frequency ranges 63-1369 MHz and 1369-10450 MHz are, indeed, best represented by two different power laws, with $\alpha_{63}^{1369}= 0.85\pm 0.01$ and $\alpha_{1369}^{10450}= 1.00\pm 0.02$. This broken power law would require special conditions to be explained in terms of test-particle DSA, e.g., non-stationarity of the spectrum and/or non-stationarity of the shock. On the other hand, the single power law would make of this relic the one with the flattest integrated spectrum known so far, even flatter than what allowed in the test-particle approach to DSA. We find a rather low temperature ratio of $T_2/T_1 \sim 1.7$ across the G region of the radio relic and no temperature jump across the H region., Comment: 18 pages, 11 figures, 9 tables. Accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics
Published: 2014

45. Measurements of the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich Effect in MACS J0647.7+7015 and MACS J1206.2-0847 at High Angular Resolution with MUSTANG

Author: Alexander H. Young, Keiichi Umetsu, Amata Mercurio, Brian Mason, Marisa Girardi, Italo Balestra, Chiara Ferrari, Simon Dicker, Erik D. Reese, Phillip Korngut, Huib Intema, Sunil Golwala, Craig L. Sarazin, Charles Romero, Tony Mroczkowski, Mark J. Devlin, Jack Sayers, Piero Rosati, Tracy Clarke, Nicole G. Czakon, Mario Nonino, Young, Alexander H., Mroczkowski, Tony, Romero, Charle, Sayers, Jack, Balestra, Italo, Clarke, Tracy E., Czakon, Nicole, Devlin, Mark, Dicker, Simon R., Ferrari, Chiara, Girardi, Marisa, Golwala, Sunil, Intema, Huib, Korngut, Phillip M., Mason, Brian S., Mercurio, Amata, Nonino, Mario, Reese, Erik D., Rosati, Piero, Sarazin, Craig, Umetsu, Keiichi, ITA, USA, and DEU
Subjects: Nuclear and High Energy Physics, galaxies: clusters: intracluster medium, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, cosmic background radiation, galaxies: clusters: individual (MACS J0647.7+7015, Sunyaev–Zel'dovich effect, NO, cosmology: observations, galaxies: clusters: individual (MACS J0647.7+7015, MACS J1206.20847), X-rays: galaxies: clusters, Galaxy group, MACS J1206.20847), Galaxy cluster, Physics, Very Large Telescope, Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope, Green Bank Telescope, Astronomy and Astrophysics, clusters: individual (MACS J0647.7+7015, MACS J1206.20847) [galaxies], Redshift, galaxies: cluster [X-rays], Space and Planetary Science, clusters: intracluster medium [galaxies], Low Mass, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, observation [cosmology]
Abstract: We present high resolution (9$^{\prime \prime}$) imaging of the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich Effect (SZE) toward two massive galaxy clusters, MACS J0647.7+7015 ($z=0.591$) and MACS J1206.2-0847 ($z=0.439$). We compare these 90 GHz measurements, taken with the MUSTANG receiver on the Green Bank Telescope, with generalized Navarro-Frenk-White (gNFW) models derived from Bolocam 140 GHz SZE data as well as maps of the thermal gas derived from {\it Chandra} X-ray observations. For MACS J0647.7+7015, we find a gNFW profile with core slope parameter $\gamma= 0.9$ fits the MUSTANG image with $\chi^{2}_{red}=1.005$ and probability to exceed (PTE) = 0.34. For MACS J1206.2-0847, we find $\gamma=0.7$, $\chi^{2}_{red}=0.993$, and PTE = 0.70. In addition, we find a significant ($>$3-$\sigma$) residual SZE feature in MACS J1206.2-0847 coincident with a group of galaxies identified in VLT data and filamentary structure found in a weak-lensing mass reconstruction. We suggest the detected sub-structure may be the SZE decrement from a low mass foreground group or an infalling group. GMRT measurements at 610 MHz reveal diffuse extended radio emission to the west, which we posit is either an AGN-driven radio lobe, a bubble expanding away from disturbed gas associated with the SZE signal, or a bubble detached and perhaps re-accelerated by sloshing within the cluster. Using the spectroscopic redshifts available, we find evidence for a foreground ($z=0.423$) or infalling group, coincident with the residual SZE feature., Comment: 14 pages, 14 figures, 7 tables
Published: 2014
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46. Reduced Dimension Control of Dynamic Systems

Author: John F. MacGregor and Tracy Clarke-Pringle
Subjects: Matrix (mathematics), Variable (computer science), Operating point, Minimum-variance unbiased estimator, Dimension (vector space), Basis (linear algebra), Control theory, General Chemical Engineering, General Chemistry, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, Subspace topology, Mathematics
Abstract: Reduced dimension control involves the indirect control of the entire output variable space through the judicious selection of a much smaller number of controlled and manipulated variables. A general framework for the selection of the subspace of manipulated and controlled variables, developed on the basis of minimum variance control theory, is presented. Given the disturbance directions and process gain matrix, expressions for the optimal directions for control are derived. The role of the number of independent disturbances in determining the number of controlled variables and the structure of the resulting reduced dimension controller are clearly shown. The framework is then applied to a simulated dynamic Kamyr digester. Two single-input, single-output reduced dimension controllers (RDCs) are proposed and compared to a 5x5 dynamic matrix controller (DMC) that controls all outputs and manipulates all inputs. The RDCs performed very well at the conditions for which they were designed and showed only modest degradation when the process operating point was changed. Despite their much simpler structure, their performance in terms of the full output space was very close to that of the DMC.
Published: 2000
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47. Reduced Dimension Control: An Overview of Approaches for Product Quality Control

Author: Tracy Clarke-Pringle and John F. MacGregor
Subjects: Variable (computer science), media_common.quotation_subject, Control (management), Control engineering, Quality (business), Context (language use), Feature selection, Product (category theory), Dimension (data warehouse), Selection (genetic algorithm), media_common, Mathematics
Abstract: Reduced Dimension Control (RDC) involves the indirect control of the entire output variable space through the judicious selection of a much smaller number of controlled and manipulated variables. Many different methods and applications have addressed the problem of controlled and manipulated variable selection, but these have rarely been contrasted with one another. This paper discusses RDC in the context of product quality control and critically reviews the existing methodologies.
Published: 2000
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48. Product Quality Control in Reduced Dimensional Spaces

Author: John F. MacGregor and Tracy Clarke-Pringle
Subjects: Disturbance (geology), General Chemical Engineering, media_common.quotation_subject, Control (management), General Chemistry, Space (mathematics), Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, Distribution (mathematics), Dimension (vector space), Control theory, Product (mathematics), Quality (business), media_common, Mathematics
Abstract: Effective control of quality variables in high-dimensional processes is considered. Because of the high dimension of the output space, control of a subset of the quality variables is often practiced, to indirectly control the entire quality space. An example of this type of situation is the control of the full molecular weight distribution (MWD). Often, indirect control of the MWD, for example, by controlling an average of the distribution, is practiced instead. It is shown in this paper that, as a controller eliminates a disturbance in the controlled variables (for example, the weight-average chain length), it transfers and can possibly inflate the disturbance in the remaining quality variables (the full MWD). Therefore, while it may appear that good control is being achieved (the average is at its target), the polymer quality has, in fact, degraded. A simple analysis tool, called the disturbance inflation factor (DIF), is introduced to predict this effect. The DIF is used to predict which manipulated va...
Published: 1998
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49. Nonlinear adaptive temperature control of multi-product, semi-batch polymerization reactors

Author: John F. MacGregor and Tracy Clarke-Pringle
Subjects: Extended Kalman filter, Nonlinear system, Adaptive control, Temperature control, Control theory, General Chemical Engineering, Process control, PID controller, Control engineering, Nonlinear control, Computer Science Applications, Mathematics
Abstract: This paper considers the temperature control of semi-batch polymerization reactors in which some of the following issues must be considered: (i) production of multiple products in the same reactor; (ii) changing heat transfer characteristics, during a batch and from batch to batch; (iii) time varying and nonlinear reaction rate due to changing monomer concentration and diffusion controlled termination reactions (gel effect); (iv) the absence of detailed kinetic models for the reactors. The industrial challenge problem published by Chylla and Haase [Chylla, R. W. and Haase, D. R. (1993) Temperature control of semi-batch polymerization reactors (with corrected updates). Comput. Chem. Eng. 17, 257–264) is used as the simulation basis for evaluating these problems. A nonlinear adaptive controller consisting of a nonlinear controller (based on differential geometric concepts) coupled with an extended Kalman filter (which uses only readily available data and knowledge) is shown to provide excellent control in all the above situations. In particular, the on-line estimation is critical for the strong performance of the nonlinear controller over a broad range of conditions. PID controllers with feedforward terms can perform well at one set of conditions, however, they require retuning as conditions and products change.
Published: 1997
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50. Detection and Flux Density Measurements of the Millisecond Pulsar J2145-0750 below 100 MHz

Author: Kevin Stovall, Paul S. Ray, C. N. Wolfe, Tracy Clarke, Steven W. Ellingson, G. B. Taylor, T. J. W. Lazio, Frank K. Schinzel, Patricia A. Henning, Jayce Dowell, J. Craig, Joseph Helmboldt, and J. N. Blythe
Subjects: Physics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Scintillation, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Curvature, 01 natural sciences, Power law, Spectral line, Pulse (physics), Computational physics, law.invention, Telescope, Space and Planetary Science, Millisecond pulsar, law, 0103 physical sciences, Dispersion (optics), Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics
Abstract: We present flux density measurements and pulse profiles for the millisecond pulsar PSR J2145-0750 spanning 37 to 81 MHz using data obtained from the first station of the Long Wavelength Array. These measurements represent the lowest frequency detection of pulsed emission from a millisecond pulsar to date. We find that the pulse profile is similar to that observed at 102 MHz. We also find that the flux density spectrum between ~40 MHz to 5 GHz is suggestive of a break and may be better fit by a model that includes spectral curvature with a rollover around 730 MHz rather than a single power law., accepted to the Astrophysical Journal Letters; 14 pages, 4 figures
Published: 2013

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