100 results on '"Trübner K"'
Search Results
2. Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C and AIDS in Drug Deaths
- Author
-
Trübner, K., Polywka, S., Püschel, K., Laufs, R., Loimer, Norbert, editor, Schmid, Rainer, editor, and Springer, Alfred, editor
- Published
- 1991
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Abstracts
- Author
-
Kaatsch, Hans-Jürgen, Püschel, K., Heinemann, A., Klaas, Jakob, Graß, Hildegard, Staak, Michael, Benthaus, S., Vock, R., Brinkmann, B., Temme, O., Daldrup, T., Dilger, M., Fink, T., Rittner, Ch., Thali, Michael J., Braun, M., Brueschweiler, W., Kneubuehl, B. P., Vock, P., Wirth, J., Dirnhofer, R., Bohnert, M., Berger, H., Buck, U., Pollak, S., Gotta, J. C., Erdmann, F., Riße, M., Schütz, H., Weiler, G., Pragst, F., Auwärter, V., Sporkcrt, F., Roewer, L., Willuweit, S., Kayser, M., Nagy, M., de Knijff, P., Geserick, G., Augustin, C., Betz, A., Carracedo, A., Corach, D., Dupuy, B. M., Gusmaõ, L., Henke, L., Hidding, M., Kärgel, H. J., Lessig, R., Liebeherr, E., Parson, W., Pascali, V. L., Rolf, B., Schneider, P. M., Dobosz, T., Teifel-Greding, J., Krawczak, M., Bauer, M., Patzelt, D., Kuznik, J., Bondy, B., Eisenmenger, W., Möller, H. -J., Zehner, R., Niess, C., Amendt, J., Krettek, R., Weinmann, W., Görner, M., Goerke, R., Mahler, H., Fowinkel, C., Haarhoff, K., Schmidt, P., Schmolke, C., Mußhoff, F., Menzen, M., Prohaska, C., Madea, B., Kauert, G., Gleicher, S., Drasch, G., von Meyer, L., Roider, G., Quitterer, D., Kröner, L., Toennes, S. W., Jurowich, S., Käferstein, H., Sticht, G., Gilg, T., Priemer, F., Jocham, N., Fechner, G., Ortmann, Ch., Schulte, T., Nieschalk, M., Weirich, V., Rummel, J., Rentsch, D., Wegener, R., Berehaus, G., Graß, H., Grellner, W., Rettig-Stürmer, A., Kühn-Becker, H., Georg, T., Möller, M., Wilske, J., Kemmerling, R., Sachs, H., Menting, T., Musshoff, F., Schoenemeier, S., Bürrig, K. -F., Jacob, B., Bonte, W., Maeda, H., Zhu, B. -L., Fujita, M. Q., Quan, L., Ishida, K., Taniguchi, M., Böhme, B., Rauch, E., Penning, R., Amberg, R., Blackwell, C. C., Pelz, K., Meier, V., Saternus, K. -S., Gessler, F., Böhnel, H., Bouska, I., Toupalík, P., Klir, P., Kleemann, W. J., Ast, F., Beck, U., Debertin, S., Giebe, B., Heide, S., Sperhake, J., Poets, C. F., Weis, C., Schlaud, M., Bajanowski, T., Wedekind, H., Breithardt, G., Debertin, A. S., Tönjes, H., Tschernig, T., Pabst, R., Tröger, H. D., Krill, A., Hame, M., Bouška, I., Ježková, J., Kernbach-Wighton, G., Wense, A. v. d., Kijewski, H., Goeke, M., Weber, B., Staak, M., Dettmeyer, R., Driever, F., Becker, A., Wiestler, O. D., Verhoff, M. A., Woenckhaus, J., Hauri-Bionda, R., Strehler, M., Bär, W., Ohshima, T., Takayasu, T., Kondo, T., Sato, Y., Tarbah, Fuad A., Mahler, Hellmut, Temme, Oliver, Daldrup, Thomas, Pötsch, Lucia, Emmerich, Patricia, Skopp, Gisela, Andresen, H., Schmoldt, A., Thurau, K., Vogt, S., Große-Perdekamp, M., Pufal, E., Sykutera, M., Rochholz, G., Lis, G., Sliwka, K., Zörntlein, S., Röhrich, J., Pötsch, L., Becker, J., Mattern, Rainer, Yamamoto, Yoshiko, Hayase, Tamaki, Yamamoto, Keiichi, Piette, Michel H. A., De Letter, Els A., Cordonnier, Jan, Schultes, A., Pluisch, F., Darok, M., Kollroser, M., Mannweiler, S., Babel, B., Magerl, H., Mahfoud, B., Stein, S., Iwersen-Bergmann, S., Risser, D., Hönigschnabl, S., Stichenwirth, M., Sebald, D., Kaff, A., Schneider, B., Vycudilik, W., Bauer, G., Reitz, E., Kimont, H. -G., Molnár, A., Jeszenszky, E., Benkó, A., Száz, E., Varga, T., Mayr, N. P., Schmidbauer, S., Hallfeldt, K., Bank, A., Iffland, R., Schuff, A., Fischer, T., Weingarten, Y., Alt, A., Janda, I., Wurst, F. M., Seidl, S., Seitler, C., Haag-Dawoud, Munira, Beike, J., Vennemann, B., Köhler, H., Hendreich, F. -I., Giebe, W., Reimann, I., Werner, R., Klein, A., Schulz, K., Feischer, D., Erfurt, Ch., Arnold, R., Winnefeld, K., Riepert, T., Iffland, R., Longauer, F., Kardošovå, V., Anders, S., Hildebrand, E., Schulz, F., Möbus, U., Jaroß, W., Wittig, H., Schmidt, U., Hauptmann, K., Krause, D., Prudlow, B., Rohner, T., Molz, G., Früchtnicht, W., Hoppe, B., Henßge, C., Althaus, L., Herbst, J., Preiß, U., Stein, C., Glenewinkel, F., Leinzinger, E. P., Lászik, A., Soós, M., Hubay, M., Sótonyi, P., Schliff, A., Gatternig, R., Hering, S., Edelmann, J., Plate, I., Michael, M., Kuhlisch, E., Szibor, R., von Wurmb, N., Hammer, U., Meissner, D., Kirches, E., Dietzmann, K., Pfeiffer, H., Ortmann, C., Meißner, C., Mohamed, S. A., Warnk, H., Gehlsen-Lorenzen, A., Oehmichen, M., Heidorn, F., Henkel, R., Schulz, M. M., Reichert, W., Mattern, R., Baasner, A., Banaschak, S., Schäfer, C., Benecke, M., Reibe, S., Barksdale, Larry, Sundermeier, Jon, Ratcliffe, Brett C., Lutz, S., Hohoff, C., Schürenkamp, M., Kahle, C., Fieguth, A., Ritz-Timme, S., Laumeier, I., Schütz, H. W., Schulte-Mönting, J., Chaudri, S., Welti, M., Dittmann, V., Olze, A., Schmeling, A., Reisinger, W., Klotzbach, H., Gabriel, P., Demir, T., Huckenbeck, W., Reuhl, J., Schuster, R., Maxeiner, H., Bockholdt, B., Jachau, K., Kuchheuser, W., Försterling, T., Ehrlich, E., Besselmann, M., Du Chesne, A., Albrecht, U. -V., Guan, D. W., Dreßler, J., Voigtmann, K., Müller, E., Vieler, S., Kirchner, A., Humpert, M., Breitmeier, D., Mansouri, F., Wyler, D., Marty, W., Sigrist, Th., Zollinger, U., Meyer, U., Allmen, G. v., Karger, B., Hoekstra, A., Stehmann, B., Schmidt, P. F., Peschel, O., Vollmar, C., Szeimies, U., Rothschild, M. A., Kegel, D., Klatt, A., Klatt, C., Briese, B. -H., Schyma, C., Schyma, P., Angetter, Daniela, Perdekamp, M. Große, Sun, Y., Guttenberge, R., Riede, U. -N., Poetsch, M., Seefeldt, S., Maschke, M., Lignitz, E., Zeller, M., Wehner, H. -D., Czarnetzki, A., Blin, N., Bender, K., Emmerich, P., Pádár, Zs., Egyed, B., Kemény, G., Woller, J., Füredi, S., Balogh, I., Cremer, U., Scheil, H. -G., Schiwy-Bochat, K. -H., Althoff, H., Immel, U. -D., Tatschner, Th., Lang, C., Versmold, D., Reineke, Th., Mall, G., Dahlmann, F., Büttner, A., Hubig, M., Rötzscher, K., Grundmann, C., Oritani, S., Peter, J., Popov, V., Olejnik, V., Khokhlov, V. D., Stiller, D., Romanowski, U., Kleiber, M., Klupp, N., Mortinger, H., Chadová, L., Bouška, I., Toupalik, P., Schnabel, A., Lutz, F. -U., Crivellaro, A., Strauch, H., Dan, Dermengiu, Silvia, Dermengiu, Buda, Octavian, Kandolf, R., Kaiser, R., Eis-Hübinger, A. M., Kobek, M., Jankowski, Z., Rygol, K., Kulikowska, J., Martin, H., Kolbow, K., Keil, W., Wang, Huijun, Ding, Yanqing, Huang, Guangzhao, Wu, Zhongbi, Wehner, F., Subke, J., Zdravkovic, M., Otasevic, V., Rostov, M., Karadzic, R., Kildüschov, E. M., Buromski, I. W., Plaksin, W. O., Wendland, A., Spiridonow, W. A., Sabusow, J. G., Kalinin, J. P., Heide, S., Schmidt, V., Wiegand, P., Kleiber, M., Demmler, G., Zack, F., Reischle, S., Schönpflug, M., Beier, G., Berchtenbreiter, C., Lackner, K., Jendrusch, B., Wolf, H., Buhmann, D., Summa, H., Matschke, J., Stürenburg, H. J., Junge, M., Wischhusen, F., Müldner, C., Schröder, A., Kaiser, E., Lasczkowski, G., Hofbauer, V., Eberl, N., Thomson, H., Tatschner, T., Milz, S., Gazov, E., Trübner, K., Brenner, M., Tsokos, M., Anders, S., Paulsen, F., Reith, K., Bratzke, H., Schapfeld, R., Graefe-Kirci, U., Stiller, D., Trübner, K., and Schäfer, A. Th.
- Published
- 2000
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Nardilysin in human brain diseases: both friend and foe
- Author
-
Bernstein, H.-G., Stricker, R., Dobrowolny, H., Steiner, J., Bogerts, B., Trübner, K., and Reiser, G.
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Accidental mechanical asphyxia of children in Germany between 2000 and 2008
- Author
-
Meyer, F. S., Trübner, K., Schöpfer, J., Zimmer, G., Schmidt, E., Püschel, K., Vennemann, M., Bajanowski, T., and The Asphyxia Study Group
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Verlegung der Atemwege bei unsachgemäßem Gebrauch von Prothesenhaftpulver
- Author
-
Trübner, K., Püschel, K., Brinkmann, Bernd, editor, and Püschel, Klaus, editor
- Published
- 1990
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Volume deficits of subcortical nuclei in mood disorders: A postmortem study
- Author
-
Bielau, H., Trübner, K., Krell, D., Agelink, M. W., Bernstein, H.–G., Stauch, R., Mawrin, C., Danos, P., Gerhard, L., Bogerts, B., and Baumann, B.
- Published
- 2005
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Abschlußauswertung der internationalen HIV-Multicenter-Studie zur Entwicklung der HIV-1-Prävalenz bei Drogentodesfällen
- Author
-
Lockemann, U., Wischhusen, F., Heinemann, A., Püschel, K., and und Schäfer A (Aachen), Gillner E (Berlin), Dettmeyer R, Madea B, Varchmin-Schultheiß K (Bonn), Nietsch W (Bremen), Gabler W (Chemnitz), Vieira DN (Coimbra), Müller E (Dresden), Jacob B (Düsseldorf), Busuttil A (Edinburgh), Anschütz U (Erfurt), Hausmann R (Erlangen), Freislederer A, Roggendorf M (Essen), Zehner R (Frankfurt), Pollak S (Freiburg), Riße M (Gießen), Kernbach-Wighton G (Göttingen), Weinke H (Greifswald), Kleiber M, Stiller D, Trübner K (Halle), Fehlauer F, Koops A, Tsokos M (Hamburg), Günther D (Hannover), Zimmer G (Heidelberg), Wilske J (Homburg), Giebe W, Klein A (Jena), Kringsholm B (Kopenhagen), Vock R (Leipzig), Nuno D (Lissabon), Gerling I (Lübeck), Abenza Rojo JM, Bedate Gutierrez A, Conejero Estevez P, Molina Bayon M, Segura Abad L (Madrid), Jachau K, Krause D (Magdeburg), Horn S, Rittner C (Mainz), Hilgermann R (Marburg), Köhler H (Münster), da Costa P (Porto), Hagmayer D, Seidl S (Ulm), Patzelt D, Tatschner T (Würzburg)
- Published
- 1999
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Perforation of the pulmonary artery by a bronchial wall stent
- Author
-
Spendlove, D., Trübner, K., and Bajanowski, T.
- Published
- 2007
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. Hepatitis C in deceased drug addicts
- Author
-
Trübner, K., Polywka, S., Püschell, K., and Laufs, R.
- Published
- 1991
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. Circumscribed numerical deficit of dorsal raphe neurons in mood disorders
- Author
-
BAUMANN, B., BIELAU, H., KRELL, D., AGELINK, M. W., DIEKMANN, S., WURTHMANN, C., TRÜBNER, K., BERNSTEIN, H.-G., DANOS, P., and BOGERTS, B.
- Published
- 2002
12. Non-lethal penetrating cardiac injury from a crossbow bolt
- Author
-
Besler, K., Kleiber, M., Zerkowski, H.-R., and Trübner, K.
- Published
- 1998
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. Hepatitis bei Rauschgifttoten
- Author
-
Trübner, K., Püschel, K., and Laufs, R.
- Published
- 1989
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. Pathologie und Klinik der letal verlaufenden Influenza
- Author
-
Hager, T, primary, Reis, H, additional, Trübner, K, additional, and Theegarten, D, additional
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. Feuerbestattungsleichenschau
- Author
-
Bajanowski, T., primary, Freislederer, A., additional, Trübner, K., additional, Vennemann, M., additional, and Spendlove, D., additional
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. Versuchte illegale Herbeiführung eines Schwangerschaftsabbruchs ohne Wissen der Schwangeren mittels Cytotec (Misoprostol)–massenspektrometrisch toxikologischer Nachweis via GC- und LC/MS/MS
- Author
-
Watzer, B, primary, Trübner, K, additional, and Schweer, H, additional
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
17. Selektive Hyper-Responsibilität des Interferonsystems im Gehirn von Patienten mit Hepatitis C und schwerer Depression
- Author
-
Trippler, M, primary, Trübner, K, additional, Bajanowski, T, additional, Poggenpohl, L, additional, Bein, S, additional, Gerken, G, additional, and Schlaak, JF, additional
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
18. Fibromuscular dysplasia of the basilar artery: An unusual case with medico-legal implications
- Author
-
van de Nes, J.A.P., Bajanowski, T., and Trübner, K.
- Published
- 2007
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
19. Histochemical evidence for wide expression of the metalloendopeptidase nardilysin in human brain neurons
- Author
-
Bernstein, H.-G., primary, Stricker, R., additional, Dobrowolny, H., additional, Trübner, K., additional, Bogerts, B., additional, and Reiser, G., additional
- Published
- 2007
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
20. Perforation of the pulmonary artery by a bronchial wall stent
- Author
-
Spendlove, D., primary, Trübner, K., additional, and Bajanowski, T., additional
- Published
- 2006
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
21. A decreased cell density in the lateral septal nucleus in bipolar patients and the reversed effects of lithium treatment
- Author
-
Brisch, R, primary, Bernstein, HG, additional, Krell, D, additional, Stauch, R, additional, Trübner, K, additional, Dobrowolny, H, additional, Gos, T, additional, Bielau, H, additional, and Bogerts, B, additional
- Published
- 2005
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. Unusual explanation for the death of a car passenger
- Author
-
Heide, S., primary, Kleiber, M., additional, Fröhlich, J., additional, Burkert, W., additional, and Trübner, K., additional
- Published
- 1998
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
23. Penetrating spinal injury inflicted by screwdriver: unusual morphological findings
- Author
-
Schulz, F, primary, Colmant, H.J, additional, and Trübner, K, additional
- Published
- 1995
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. Vollständige Atemwegsverlegung durch Prothesenhaftpulver
- Author
-
Trübner, K., primary, Nickel, J., additional, Püschel, K., additional, and Donath, K., additional
- Published
- 1991
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
25. Death caused by drug addiction: A review of the experiences in Hamburg and the situation in the Federal Republic of Germany in comparison with the literature
- Author
-
Janssen, W., primary, Trübner, K., additional, and Püschel, K., additional
- Published
- 1989
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
26. Impairment of the GABAergic system in the anterior insular cortex of heroin-addicted males.
- Author
-
Gos A, Steiner J, Trübner K, Mawrin C, Kaliszan M, and Gos T
- Abstract
Opioid addiction is a global problem, causing the greatest health burden among drug use disorders, with opioid overdose deaths topping the statistics of fatal overdoses. The multifunctional anterior insular cortex (AIC) is involved in inhibitory control, which is severely impaired in opioid addiction. GABAergic interneurons shape the output of the AIC, where abnormalities have been reported in individuals addicted to opioids. In these neurons, glutamate decarboxylase (GAD) with its isoforms GAD 65 and 67 is a key enzyme in the synthesis of GABA, and research data point to a dysregulation of GABAergic activity in the AIC in opioid addiction. Our study, which was performed on paraffin-embedded brains from the Magdeburg Brain Bank, aimed to investigate abnormalities in the GABAergic function of the AIC in opioid addiction by densitometric evaluation of GAD 65/67-immunostained neuropil. The study showed bilaterally increased neuropil density in layers III and V in 13 male heroin-addicted males compared to 12 healthy controls, with significant U-test P values for layer V bilaterally. Analysis of confounding variables showed that age, brain volume and duration of formalin fixation did not confound the results. Our findings suggest a dysregulation of GABAergic activity in the AIC in opioid addiction, which is consistent with experimental data from animal models and human neuroimaging studies., (© 2024. The Author(s).)
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
27. Inverse pattern of GABAergic system impairment in the external versus internal globus pallidus in male heroin addicts.
- Author
-
Gos A, Steiner J, Trübner K, Ungewickell J, Mawrin C, Karnecki K, Kaliszan M, and Gos T
- Subjects
- Animals, Male, Humans, Heroin, Pandemics, Basal Ganglia, Globus Pallidus, Opioid-Related Disorders
- Abstract
Opioid addiction is a global problem that has been exacerbated in the USA and Europe by the COVID-19 pandemic. The globus pallidus (GP) plays a prominent neurobiological role in the regulation of behaviour as an output station of the striato-pallidal system. GABAergic large projection neurons are the main neuronal type in the external (EGP) and internal (IGP) parts of the GP, where addiction-specific molecular and functional abnormalities occur. In these neurons, glutamate decarboxylase (GAD) with isoforms GAD 65 and 67 is a key enzyme in GABA synthesis, and experimental studies suggest GAD dysregulation in the GP of heroin addicts. Our study, which was performed on paraffin-embedded brains from the Magdeburg Brain Bank, aimed to investigate abnormalities in the GABAergic function of large GP neurons by densitometric evaluation of their GAD 65/67-immunostained thick dendrites. The study revealed a bilaterally decreased fibres density in the EGP paralleled by the increase in the IGP in 11 male heroin addicts versus 11 healthy controls (significant U-test P values). The analysis of confounding variables found no interference of age, brain volume, and duration of formalin fixation with the results. Our findings suggest a dysregulation of GABAergic activity in the GP of heroin addicts, which is consistent with experimental data from animal models and plays potentially a role in the disturbed function of basal ganglia circuit in opioid addiction., (© 2023. The Author(s).)
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. Ribosomal DNA transcription is increased in the left nucleus accumbens of heroin-dependent males.
- Author
-
Gos T, Steiner J, Trübner K, Krzyżanowska M, and Kaliszan M
- Subjects
- Male, Animals, Humans, Nucleus Accumbens physiology, Heroin, DNA, Ribosomal, Pandemics, COVID-19, Heroin Dependence
- Abstract
Opioid addiction is a worldwide problem accentuated in the USA and European countries by the COVID-19 pandemic. The nucleus accumbens (NAc) plays an outstanding neurobiological role in opioid addiction as a part of the striatum and key component of brain reward system. The striatal GABAergic medium spiny projection neurons (MSNs) are the main neuronal type in the NAc where addiction-specific synaptic plasticity occurs. The activity of ribosomal DNA (rDNA) transcription is crucial for neural plasticity and molecular studies suggest its increase in the NAc of heroin addicts. Silver-stained argyrophilic nucleolar organizer region (AgNOR) areas visualised in neuronal nuclei in paraffin-embedded brain sections are reliable morphological estimators of rDNA transcription and thus surrogate markers for the activity of brain regions. Our study revealed increased AgNOR areas in MSNs of the left NAc in 11 heroin addicts versus 11 healthy controls from the Magdeburg Brain Bank (U-test P = 0.007). No differences were observed in another investigated part of the striatum, namely the head of caudate nucleus, which is located closely to the NAc. The results were not confounded by significant differences in the age, brain volume and time of formalin fixation existing between compared groups. Our findings suggest an increased NAc activity in heroin addicts, which is consistent with human and animal experimental data., (© 2022. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany.)
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
29. Insulin-regulated aminopeptidase immunoreactivity is abundantly present in human hypothalamus and posterior pituitary gland, with reduced expression in paraventricular and suprachiasmatic neurons in chronic schizophrenia.
- Author
-
Bernstein HG, Müller S, Dobrowolny H, Wolke C, Lendeckel U, Bukowska A, Keilhoff G, Becker A, Trübner K, Steiner J, and Bogerts B
- Subjects
- Aged, Autopsy, Chronic Disease, Female, Glutamate-Ammonia Ligase metabolism, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Neurophysins metabolism, Oxytocin metabolism, Paraventricular Hypothalamic Nucleus pathology, Suprachiasmatic Nucleus pathology, Vasopressins metabolism, Cystinyl Aminopeptidase metabolism, Hypothalamus enzymology, Hypothalamus pathology, Neurons enzymology, Pituitary Gland, Posterior metabolism, Schizophrenia pathology
- Abstract
The vasopressin- and oxytocin-degrading enzyme insulin-regulated aminopeptidase (IRAP) is expressed in various organs including the brain. However, knowledge about its presence in human hypothalamus is fragmentary. Functionally, for a number of reasons (genetic linkage, hydrolysis of oxytocin and vasopressin, its role as angiotensin IV receptor in learning and memory and others) IRAP might play a role in schizophrenia. We studied the regional and cellular localization of IRAP in normal human brain with special emphasis on the hypothalamus and determined numerical densities of IRAP-expressing cells in the paraventricular, supraoptic and suprachiasmatic nuclei in schizophrenia patients and controls. By using immunohistochemistry and Western blot analysis, IRAP was immunolocalized in postmortem human brains. Cell countings were performed to estimate numbers and numerical densities of IRAP immunoreactive hypothalamic neurons in schizophrenia patients and control cases. Shape, size and regional distribution of IRAP-expressing cells, as well the lack of co-localization with the glia marker glutamine synthetase, show that IRAP is expressed in neurons. IRAP immunoreactive cells were observed in the hippocampal formation, cerebral cortex, thalamus, amygdala and, abundantly, hypothalamus. Double labeling experiments (IRAP and oxytocin/neurophysin 1, IRAP with vasopressin/neurophysin 2) revealed that IRAP is present in oxytocinergic and in vasopressinergic neurons. In schizophrenia patients, the numerical density of IRAP-expressing neurons in the paraventricular and the suprachiasmatic nuclei is significantly reduced, which might be associated with the reduction in neurophysin-containing neurons in these nuclei in schizophrenia. The pathophysiological role of lowered hypothalamic IRAP expression in schizophrenia remains to be established.
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. Differential regional and cellular distribution of TFF3 peptide in the human brain.
- Author
-
Bernstein HG, Dobrowolny H, Trübner K, Steiner J, Bogerts B, and Hoffmann W
- Subjects
- Abortion, Spontaneous, Adult, Amygdala chemistry, Amygdala metabolism, Brain Mapping, Cerebellum chemistry, Cerebellum metabolism, Cerebral Cortex chemistry, Cerebral Cortex metabolism, Choroid Plexus chemistry, Female, Fetus, Gene Expression, Hippocampus chemistry, Hippocampus metabolism, Humans, Hypothalamus chemistry, Hypothalamus metabolism, Immunohistochemistry, Male, Mesencephalon chemistry, Middle Aged, Neurons chemistry, Oligodendroglia chemistry, Organ Specificity, Peptides metabolism, Pituitary Gland chemistry, Pituitary Gland metabolism, Pituitary Gland, Posterior chemistry, Pituitary Gland, Posterior metabolism, Trefoil Factor-3, White Matter chemistry, White Matter metabolism, Choroid Plexus metabolism, Mesencephalon metabolism, Neurons metabolism, Oligodendroglia metabolism, Peptides genetics
- Abstract
TFF3 is a member of the trefoil factor family (TFF) predominantly secreted by mucous epithelia. Minute amounts are also expressed in the immune system and the brain. In the latter, particularly the hypothalamo-pituitary axis has been investigated in detail in the past. Functionally, cerebral TFF3 has been reported to be involved in several processes such as fear, depression, learning and object recognition, and opiate addiction. Furthermore, TFF3 has been linked with neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric disorders (e.g., Alzheimer's disease, schizophrenia, and alcoholism). Here, using immunohistochemistry, a systematic survey of the TFF3 localization in the adult human brain is presented focusing on extrahypothalamic brain areas. In addition, the distribution of TFF3 in the developing human brain is described. Taken together, neurons were identified as the predominant cell type to express TFF3, but to different extent; TFF3 was particularly enriched in various midbrain and brain stem nuclei. Besides, TFF3 immunostaining staining was observed in oligodendroglia and the choroid plexus epithelium. The wide cerebral distribution should help to explain its multiple effects in the CNS.
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
31. Letter to Professor Jaroslaw Berent, President of the Polish Society of Forensic Medicine and Criminology and Members of the PTMSiK.
- Author
-
Trübner K
- Subjects
- Academies and Institutes, Forensic Medicine, Humans, Poland, Societies, Medical, Advisory Committees, Criminology, Interprofessional Relations, Professional Competence
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
32. Vascular and extravascular distribution of the ATP-binding cassette transporters ABCB1 and ABCC1 in aged human brain and pituitary.
- Author
-
Bernstein HG, Hölzl G, Dobrowolny H, Hildebrandt J, Trübner K, Krohn M, Bogerts B, and Pahnke J
- Subjects
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B biosynthesis, Adult, Female, Gene Expression Regulation physiology, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Aging metabolism, Blood-Brain Barrier metabolism, Multidrug Resistance-Associated Proteins biosynthesis, Nerve Tissue Proteins biosynthesis, Pituitary Gland blood supply, Pituitary Gland metabolism
- Abstract
ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters play an increasing role in the understanding of pathologic peptide deposition in neurodegenerative diseases (NDs), such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's. To describe the location of the most important ABC transporters for NDs in human brain tissue, we investigated ABCB1 and ABCC1 immunohistologically in the adult human brain and pituitary. Both transporters have similar but not identical expression patterns. In brain regions with an established blood-brain barrier (BBB), ABCB1 and ABCC1 were ubiquitously expressed in endothelial cells of the microvasculature and in a subset of larger blood vessels (mostly venules). Remarkably, both transporters were also found in fenestrated capillaries in circumventricular organs where the BBB is absent. Moreover, ABCB1 and ABCC1 were also expressed in various non-endothelia cells such as pericytes, astrocytes, choroid plexus epithelia, ventricle ependymal cells, and neurons. With regard to their neuronal expression it was shown that both transporters are located in specific nerve cell populations, which are also immunopositive for three putative cell markers of purinergic cell signalling, namely 5'-nucleotidase, adenosine deaminase and nucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase-2. Therefore, we speculate that neuronal expression of ABCB1 and ABCC1 might be linked to adenosinergic/purinergic neuromodulation. Lastly, both transporters were observed in multiple adenohypophyseal cells., (Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. Suicidal ligature strangulation using gymnastics bands.
- Author
-
Tzimas I, Bajanowski T, Pollak S, Trübner K, and Thierauf A
- Subjects
- Aged, Equipment Design, Female, Hemorrhage pathology, Humans, Ligation, Male, Middle Aged, Neck Muscles injuries, Neck Muscles pathology, Airway Obstruction pathology, Asphyxia pathology, Gymnastics, Neck Injuries pathology, Sports Equipment, Suicide legislation & jurisprudence
- Abstract
Suicidal ligature strangulation is a rare event. The most important issue to solve in the investigation is whether it is a case of homicide or suicide. The characteristics of suicidal ligature strangulation are summarized by Koops and Brinkmann with the emphasis on the nature of the ligature instrument(s). In this article, we present two cases of self-strangulation with an almost identical modus operandi using gymnastics bands. The autopsy findings and the nature of the ligature in these cases are depicted and in good accordance with the described typical observations in suicidal cases. The importance of a broad medico-legal investigation is demonstrated.
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
34. Increased densities of nitric oxide synthase expressing neurons in the temporal cortex and the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus of polytoxicomanic heroin overdose victims: possible implications for heroin neurotoxicity.
- Author
-
Bernstein HG, Trübner K, Krebs P, Dobrowolny H, Bielau H, Steiner J, and Bogerts B
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Adult, Case-Control Studies, Drug Overdose mortality, Female, Glutamate Decarboxylase metabolism, Glutamate-Ammonia Ligase metabolism, Heroin Dependence mortality, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Paraventricular Hypothalamic Nucleus drug effects, Paraventricular Hypothalamic Nucleus pathology, Temporal Lobe drug effects, Temporal Lobe pathology, Drug Overdose enzymology, Heroin poisoning, Heroin Dependence enzymology, Narcotics poisoning, Nitric Oxide Synthase metabolism, Paraventricular Hypothalamic Nucleus enzymology, Temporal Lobe enzymology
- Abstract
Heroin is one of the most dangerous drugs of abuse, which may exert various neurotoxic actions on the brain (such as gray matter loss, neuronal apoptosis, mitochondrial dysfunction, synaptic defects, depression of adult neurogenensis, as well as development of spongiform leucoencephalopathy). Some of these toxic effects are probably mediated by the gas nitric oxide (NO). We studied by morphometric analysis the numerical density of neurons expressing neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) in cortical and hypothalamic areas of eight heroin overdose victims and nine matched controls. Heroin addicts showed significantly increased numerical densities of nNOS immunoreactive cells in the right temporal cortex and the left paraventricular nucleus. Remarkably, in heroin abusers, but not in controls, we observed not only immunostained interneurons, but also cortical pyramidal cells. Given that increased cellular expression of nNOS was accompanied by elevated NO generation in brains of heroin addicts, these elevated levels of NO might have contributed to some of the known toxic effects of heroin (for example, reduced adult neurogenesis, mitochondrial pathology or disturbances in synaptic functioning)., (Copyright © 2013 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. Genital findings in boys suspected for sexual abuse.
- Author
-
Trübner K, Schubries M, Beintker M, and Bajanowski T
- Subjects
- Balanitis diagnosis, Child, Child, Preschool, Constriction, Pathologic etiology, Diagnosis, Differential, Edema etiology, Edema pathology, Hematoma etiology, Hematoma pathology, Humans, Hypospadias diagnosis, Infant, Male, Neuralgia etiology, Scrotum injuries, Scrotum pathology, Spermatic Cord, Child Abuse diagnosis, Child Abuse, Sexual diagnosis, Penis injuries, Penis pathology, Physical Examination
- Abstract
Injuries in the genital region of boys are mostly caused by accidents. In this study, three cases of child abuse and one case suspicious for child abuse but explainable by a congenital undiscovered malformation are presented. Injuries or findings in the genital region are especially suspicious for child abuse, including sexual abuse. Because of the possible misinterpretation and the consequences of a false confirmation of a child abuse, an interdisciplinary cooperation between pediatrics, forensic experts, and pediatric urologist should be carried out in doubtful cases.
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. Detection and Typing of Norovirus from Frozen Strawberries Involved in a Large-Scale Gastroenteritis Outbreak in Germany.
- Author
-
Mäde D, Trübner K, Neubert E, Höhne M, and Johne R
- Abstract
During September/October 2012, a norovirus gastroenteritis outbreak affecting about 11,000 people occurred in Germany. Epidemiological studies suggested that frozen strawberries represented the vehicle of infection. We describe here the analysis of frozen strawberries for the presence of norovirus. Samples were taken by applying a stratified subsampling scheme. Two different methods for virus extraction from strawberries were compared. First, viruses were eluted from strawberries under alkaline conditions and concentrated using a polyethylene glycol precipitation. Second, ultrafiltration was applied for concentration of viruses rinsed off of the berries. In both cases, RNA was extracted and analyzed by real-time RT-PCR. Application of the ultrafiltration method generally resulted in a lower detection rate. Noroviruses were detected in 7/11 samples derived from the lot of strawberries implicated in the outbreak using the precipitation method. Typing of norovirus revealed three different genotypes including a combination of norovirus genotype II.16 (viral polymerase) and II.13 (viral capsid). This genotype combination was also found in some of the patients that were involved in the outbreak, but that had not been reported in Germany so far. In conclusion, heterogeneously distributed noroviruses in frozen strawberries can be detected by applying an optimized combination of sampling procedures, virus extraction methods, and real-time RT-PCR protocols. The detection of several different genotypes in the strawberries may suggest contamination from sewage rather than from a single infected food handler.
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. ["Natural" death of a person under the care of a custodian].
- Author
-
Trübner K, Kleiber M, and Heide S
- Subjects
- Aged, Autopsy, Diagnosis, Differential, Expert Testimony legislation & jurisprudence, Female, Germany, Humans, Custodial Care legislation & jurisprudence, Dementia pathology, Elder Abuse legislation & jurisprudence, Heart Arrest pathology, Homicide legislation & jurisprudence, Multiple Trauma pathology
- Abstract
An ambulance service doctor was called to the death of a 76-year-old woman and attested cardiac arrest and psycho-organic brain syndrome as the cause of death on the death certificate. At the second external examination mandatory before cremation, extensive hematomas were detected on the right thorax and multiple haematomas in the face and on the forehead. The autopsy initially ordered by the public health officer revealed serial rib fractures and a fractured skull. After notifying the prosecutor, a forensic autopsy was ordered and death was found to have been caused by fat embolism following massive blunt force to the thorax with serial rib fractures and haematopneumothorax. After that, the adopted son, who had been appointed care custodian for the woman, and his wife were suspected, because they had given contradictory explanations for the injuries. At first, they were only suspected of failure to render assistance, but in the end they were both charged with murder. Only because of the second external examination prescribed by the law still in force could the errors of the improper first external examination be corrected.
- Published
- 2012
38. A morphometric analysis of the septal nuclei in schizophrenia and affective disorders: reduced neuronal density in the lateral septal nucleus in bipolar disorder.
- Author
-
Brisch R, Bernstein HG, Dobrowolny H, Krell D, Stauch R, Trübner K, Steiner J, Ghabriel MN, Bielau H, Wolf R, Winter J, Kropf S, Gos T, and Bogerts B
- Subjects
- Analysis of Variance, Cell Count, Female, Humans, Male, Bipolar Disorder pathology, Depressive Disorder, Major pathology, Neurons pathology, Schizophrenia pathology, Septal Nuclei pathology
- Abstract
The septal nuclei are assumed to play a significant role in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia and affective disorders. The aim of this study was to morphometrically characterize the septal nuclei in patients with schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and major depressive disorder, when compared with healthy control subjects. We analyzed the septal nuclei by determining the density and size of the neurons in postmortem brains in 17 patients with schizophrenia, 8 patients with bipolar disorder, 7 patients with major depressive disorder, and 14 control subjects matched for age and gender. There was a significant reduction in the neuronal density, but not in the mean cross-sectional area, in the lateral septal nucleus (P = 0.013) in patients with bipolar disorder when compared with control subjects. There were no significant changes in the neuronal density of the septal nuclei of the medial and lateral cell groups in patients with schizophrenia and major depressive disorder when compared with control subjects. There was a significant negative correlation between neuronal density in the lateral septal nucleus and disease duration in patients with major depressive disorder (P = 0.037, r = -0.9). The histopathological abnormality of the decreased neuronal density in the lateral septal nucleus, which is an important limbic region involved in emotions, might be a neuropathological correlate of bipolar disorder.
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. Massive retroperitoneal haemorrhage after extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL).
- Author
-
Inoue H, Kamphausen T, Bajanowski T, and Trübner K
- Subjects
- Aged, Fatal Outcome, Hematoma pathology, Hemorrhage etiology, Humans, Kidney pathology, Lacerations, Male, Renal Artery injuries, Renal Artery pathology, Retroperitoneal Space, Shock, Hemorrhagic etiology, Vena Cava, Inferior injuries, Vena Cava, Inferior pathology, Hemorrhage pathology, Lithotripsy adverse effects
- Abstract
A 76-year-old male suffering from nephrolithiasis developed a shock syndrome 5 days after extracorporal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL). CT scan of the abdomen showed massive haemorrhage around the right kidney. Although nephrectomy was performed immediately, the haemorrhage could not be controlled. Numerous units of erythrocytes were transfused, but the patient died. The autopsy revealed massive retroperitoneal haemorrhage around the right kidney. The kidney showed a subcapsular haematoma and a rupture of the capsule. The right renal artery was dissected. The inferior vena cava was lacerated. Accordingly, a hemorrhagic shock as the cause of death was determined, which might mainly have resulted from the laceration of the inferior vena cava due to ESWL. ESWL seems to be a relatively non-invasive modality, but one of its severe complications is perirenal hematoma. The injuries of the blood vessels might have been caused by excessive shock waves. Subsequently, anticoagulation therapy had been resumed 3 days after EWSL, which might have triggered the haemorrhage. Physicians should note that a haemorrhage after an ESWL can occur and they should pay attention to the postoperative management in aged individuals especially when they are under anticoagulation therapy.
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. Demonstration of disturbed activity of the lateral amygdaloid nucleus projection neurons in depressed patients by the AgNOR staining method.
- Author
-
Gos T, Krell D, Bielau H, Steiner J, Mawrin C, Trübner K, Brisch R, Bernstein HG, Jankowski Z, and Bogerts B
- Subjects
- Adult, Aged, Bipolar Disorder psychology, Depressive Disorder, Major psychology, Dominance, Cerebral physiology, Female, Humans, Karyometry, Male, Middle Aged, Neurons pathology, Reference Values, Suicide psychology, Amygdala pathology, Antigens, Nuclear analysis, Bipolar Disorder pathology, Depressive Disorder, Major pathology
- Abstract
Background: The aim to find a morphological biomarker of disturbed activity of the lateral amygdaloid nucleus in depression was approached by a karyometric analysis of projection neurons., Methods: The study was performed on paraffin-embedded brains from 19 depressed patients from both the major depressive disorder (MDD) and the bipolar disorder (BD) diagnostic groups, including 10 suicides, and 24 matched controls. The karyometric parameters of the lateral amygdaloid nucleus (La) projection neurons bilaterally were evaluated by the argyrophilic nucleolar organiser region (AgNOR) silver staining method., Results: An increased AgNOR number was found in the right La in suicides compared to controls. The intra-group comparisons between the hemispheres suggest a disturbed amygdaloid lateralisation in depressed patients. The effects were independent from psychotropic medication. There was a strong positive correlation between the nuclear area in La projection neurons and prefrontal limbic areas pyramidal neurons in the right hemisphere specific for suicide and MDD., Limitations: A major limitation of this study is the relatively small number of cases. A further limitation is given by the lack of data on drug exposure across the entire lifespan., Conclusion: The results suggest that depressed patients from both the MDD and BD diagnostic groups exhibit an increased activity of the La output neurons specific for suicidal patients. The distinctness of the diagnostic groups of mood disorders was accentuated in the correlation analysis. This putative hyperactivity was specific for the right hemisphere and psychotropic medication most likely did not counteract it., (Copyright © 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. [Suicidal extraneurocranial shot into the mouth].
- Author
-
Trübner K, Schmidt V, Sannemüller U, and Maksymowicz K
- Subjects
- Autopsy, Firearms, Forensic Ballistics, Forensic Medicine methods, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Cervical Vertebrae pathology, Head Injuries, Penetrating pathology, Mouth pathology, Suicide, Wounds, Gunshot pathology
- Abstract
A case of a 51-year-old man who killed himself with a pistol-shot into his mouth is reported. The track of the bullet passed exactly in the median level completely extraneurocranially; the cause of death was a subtotal destruction of the cervical spinal cord (C2/C3). The synoptic assessment of the scene of death, the autopsy findings, the results of the securing of evidence and the criminological investigations allowed for drawing the only conclusion that the man had committed suicide.
- Published
- 2010
42. Demonstration of disturbed activity of external globus pallidus projecting neurons in depressed patients by the AgNOR staining method.
- Author
-
Gos T, Krell D, Bielau H, Steiner J, Trübner K, Brisch R, Bernstein HG, Jankowski Z, and Bogerts B
- Subjects
- Adult, Aged, Bipolar Disorder pathology, Bipolar Disorder physiopathology, Depressive Disorder pathology, Depressive Disorder, Major pathology, Depressive Disorder, Major physiopathology, Female, Globus Pallidus pathology, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Neurons pathology, Neurons physiology, Silver Staining, Depressive Disorder physiopathology, Globus Pallidus physiopathology
- Abstract
Background: The external globus pallidus (EGP) is thought to play the most important integrating and conveying role in the striatopallidal system involved in the transfer from motivation to action. The aim to find a morphological biomarker of disturbed EGP activity in depression was approached by the karyometric analysis of large projecting neurons., Methods: The study was performed on paraffin-embedded brains from 19 depressed patients from both the major depressive disorder (MDD) and the bipolar disorder (BD) diagnostic groups encompassing 10 suicides and from 24 controls. The karyometric parameters of EGP neurons bilaterally were evaluated by argyrophilic nucleolar organiser (AgNOR) silver staining method., Results: A significantly decreased AgNOR area was found in the left EGP neurons in depressed patients compared to controls. The distinctness of the diagnostic groups and suicidal vs non-suicidal patients was not shown in the statistical comparisons. The AgNOR parameter which was decreased correlated positively with the mean dose of benzodiazepines in non-suicidal patients., Limitations: A major limitation of this study is the relatively small number of cases. A further limitation is given by the lack of data on drug exposure across the whole lifespan of patients., Conclusion: The results suggest disturbed, most likely decreased, activity of the left EGP projecting neurons in depressed patients, a disturbed activity that should hypothetically be counteracted by the applied pharmacotherapy in non-suicidal patients.
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. Demonstration of disturbed activity of orbitofrontal pyramidal neurons in depressed patients by the AgNOR staining method.
- Author
-
Gos T, Krell D, Bielau H, Steiner J, Mawrin C, Trübner K, Brisch R, Bernstein HG, Jankowski Z, and Bogerts B
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Antigens, Nuclear physiology, Antipsychotic Agents therapeutic use, Bipolar Disorder drug therapy, Bipolar Disorder physiopathology, Bipolar Disorder psychology, Cause of Death, Depressive Disorder, Major drug therapy, Depressive Disorder, Major physiopathology, Depressive Disorder, Major psychology, Dominance, Cerebral drug effects, Dominance, Cerebral physiology, Female, Frontal Lobe drug effects, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Pyramidal Cells drug effects, Reference Values, Suicide psychology, Young Adult, Antigens, Nuclear analysis, Bipolar Disorder pathology, Depressive Disorder, Major pathology, Frontal Lobe pathology, Pyramidal Cells pathology
- Abstract
Background: The aim to find the morphological biomarker of disturbed activity of the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) in depression was approached by the karyometric analysis of pyramidal neurons., Methods: The study was performed on paraffin-embedded brains from 19 depressed patients from both major depressive disorder (MDD) and bipolar disorder (BD) diagnostic groups, including 9 suicides, and 24 matched controls. The karyometric parameters of medial OFC layer III and V pyramidal neurons bilaterally were evaluated by argyrophilic nucleolar organiser region (AgNOR) silver staining method., Results: The enlarged nuclear area was found in layer V pyramidal neurons in the right OFC in non-suicides compared to suicides and controls, which was most likely the effect of neuroleptics. The intra-group comparisons between the hemispheres suggest the disturbed orbitofrontal lateralisation in depressed patients (predominantly in suicides) with moderate distinctness of the MDD and the BD diagnostic groups., Limitations: A major limitation of this study is a relatively small number of cases. A further limitation is given by the lack of data on drug exposure across the whole lifespan., Conclusion: The results suggest disturbed activity of OFC pyramidal neurons in depression, distinct in suicide and the diagnostic groups of mood disorders. The non-suicidal patients seem to benefit from neuroleptics, which most likely increase the activity of the subpopulation of OFC pyramidal neurons.
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. Suicide and depression in the quantitative analysis of glutamic acid decarboxylase-Immunoreactive neuropil.
- Author
-
Gos T, Günther K, Bielau H, Dobrowolny H, Mawrin C, Trübner K, Brisch R, Steiner J, Bernstein HG, Jankowski Z, and Bogerts B
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Brain pathology, Female, Functional Laterality physiology, Humans, Immunohistochemistry, Male, Middle Aged, Nerve Degeneration pathology, Brain anatomy & histology, Brain enzymology, Depressive Disorder, Major enzymology, Depressive Disorder, Major epidemiology, Depressive Disorder, Major psychology, Glutamate Decarboxylase metabolism, Neuropil metabolism, Suicide psychology, Suicide statistics & numerical data
- Abstract
Background: Alterations of GABAergic neurotransmission are assumed to play a crucial role in the pathophysiology of mood disorders. Glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) is the key enzyme of GABA synthesis., Methods: Immunohistochemical staining of GAD 65/67 was performed in the orbitofrontal, anterior cingulate and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLC), the entorhinal cortex (EC), the hippocampal formation, and the medial dorsal and lateral dorsal thalamic nuclei, with consecutive determination of GAD-immunoreactive (-ir) neuropil relative density. The study was performed on paraffin-embedded brains from 21 depressed patients (14 of whom had committed suicide) and 18 matched controls. The data were tested using Kruskal-Wallis, Mann-Whitney (U) and Spearman statistical procedures., Results: As shown by post-hoc U-tests, an increase in the relative density of GAD-ir neuropil was present in the hippocampal formation, specific for suicidal patients. The EC was the only area where non-suicidal patients also revealed an increase compared with controls. On the contrary, the DLC was the only area where a significant decrease existed, specific for non-suicidal patients. Numerous negative correlations were found between the investigated parameter and psychotropic medication., Limitations: A major limitation of this study is the relatively small case number. A further limitation is given by the lack of data on drug exposure across the whole life span. The possible impact of unipolar-bipolar dichotomy of mood disorders on the obtained results should also be considered., Conclusion: The study, revealing predominantly an increased relative density of GAD-ir neuropil, suggests the diathesis of GABAergic system specific for depressed suicidal patients.
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. Demonstration of decreased activity of dorsal raphe nucleus neurons in depressed suicidal patients by the AgNOR staining method.
- Author
-
Gos T, Krell D, Brisch R, Bielau H, Trübner K, Steiner J, Bernstein HG, and Bogerts B
- Subjects
- Adult, Aged, Autopsy, Cause of Death, Control Groups, Depressive Disorder classification, Female, Humans, Karyometry statistics & numerical data, Male, Middle Aged, Violence statistics & numerical data, Depressive Disorder pathology, Neurons pathology, Nucleolus Organizer Region pathology, Raphe Nuclei pathology, Silver Staining methods, Suicide statistics & numerical data
- Abstract
Background: Suicide and depression are closely related yet distinct phenomena. In both these phenomena, research has focused on central serotonergic system disturbances. The dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN) is the main source of serotonergic innervation of limbic structures crucial for the regulation of emotionally influenced behaviour., Methods: The study was carried out on paraffin-embedded brains from 23 depressed patients (12 suicides and 11 non-suicides) and 26 matched controls without mental disorders. The karyometric parameters of DRN neurons were evaluated by the AgNOR silver staining method., Results: The significant effect of suicide on the nuclear area was found in the cumulative analysis of all DRN subnuclei (ANOVA, P=0.032). A decreased mean value of this parameter was observed in the suicides group versus controls (t-test, P=0.032). This effect was especially pronounced in the violent suicide victims (t-test, P=0.001), who also demonstrated a decreased AgNOR area versus controls (t-test, P=0.007). No significant effect of depression or polarity on AgNOR parameters was found., Limitations: A major limitation of this study is relatively small case number. A further limitation is given by the lack of data on drug exposure across the whole life span., Conclusion: Our findings suggest that hypoactivity of DRN neurons is a distinct phenomenon in depression, specific only for suicidal subgroup of depressed patients.
- Published
- 2008
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. Tyrosine hydroxylase immunoreactivity in the locus coeruleus is elevated in violent suicidal depressive patients.
- Author
-
Gos T, Krell D, Bielau H, Brisch R, Trübner K, Steiner J, Bernstein HG, Jankowski Z, and Bogerts B
- Subjects
- Adult, Aged, Antidepressive Agents therapeutic use, Depressive Disorder drug therapy, Depressive Disorder psychology, Female, Humans, Immunohistochemistry, Locus Coeruleus cytology, Male, Middle Aged, Neurons enzymology, Postmortem Changes, Suicide statistics & numerical data, Depressive Disorder enzymology, Locus Coeruleus enzymology, Suicide psychology, Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase metabolism, Violence psychology
- Abstract
Our postmortem study aimed to determine the impact of suicide on the number of noradrenergic neurons of the locus coeruleus (LC) in suicidal depressive patients. Noradrenergic neurons were shown by immunostaining tyrosine hydroxylase in the LC of 22 non-elderly patients with mood disorders compared to 21 age- and sex-matched normal controls. Eleven patients were suicide victims and the other eleven died of natural causes. Seven violent suicide victims revealed an increased number of tyrosine hydroxylase immunoreactive (TH-ir) neurons compared with non-violent suicide victims and controls. No difference was found between the number of TH-ir neurons in all suicidal patients and controls and between non-suicidal patients and controls. The differences of TH-immunoreactivity could neither be attributed to medication nor to the polarity of depressive disorder (unipolar/bipolar). The numbers of TH-ir neurons in suicidal patients correlated negatively with the mean doses of antidepressants. The study suggested a presynaptic noradrenergic dysregulation in the LC related to the level of self-aggression. Traditional antidepressants may, therefore, regulate noradrenergic activity of the LC in suicide patients, however, without demonstrating the suicide-preventing effect.
- Published
- 2008
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. Regional and cellular distribution patterns of insulin-degrading enzyme in the adult human brain and pituitary.
- Author
-
Bernstein HG, Lendeckel U, Bukowska A, Ansorge S, Ernst T, Stauch R, Trübner K, Steiner J, Dobrowolny H, and Bogerts B
- Subjects
- Adult, Cadaver, Cause of Death, Female, Humans, Immunohistochemistry, Male, Middle Aged, Postmortem Changes, Brain enzymology, Insulysin metabolism, Pituitary Gland enzymology
- Abstract
The regional distribution and cellular localization of insulin-degrading enzyme (IDE) was studied in adult human brain and pituitary by means of immunhistochemistry. We show that the enzyme is widely but unevenly distributed in human brain, with hypothalamic neurons showing the strongest immunoreaction. Strong to moderate immunostaining for the enzyme was observed in multiple cortical areas, hippocampus, cerebellum, and brain stem. Cellularly, IDE was mainly confined to neurons, but it was also present in oligodendrocytes, choroid plexus, and some blood vessel endothelial cells. A strong immunoreaction was seen in a subset of adenohypophysial cells. Some immunolabeling was also present in the neurohypophysis. The putative importance of the distribution of the enzyme in brain and pituitary is discussed in relation to its main known substrates, insulin, Abeta, and beta-endorphin.
- Published
- 2008
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. The changes in AgNOR parameters of dorsal raphe nucleus neurons are related to suicide.
- Author
-
Gos T, Krell D, Brisch R, Bielau H, Trübner K, Bernstein HG, and Bogerts B
- Subjects
- Adult, Aged, Case-Control Studies, Female, Forensic Pathology, Forensic Psychiatry, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Mood Disorders pathology, Neurons pathology, Nucleolus Organizer Region pathology, Raphe Nuclei pathology, Silver Staining methods, Suicide
- Abstract
Depression has been established as the main cause of suicide and the research has concentrated on disturbed central serotonergic system in both disorders. The dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN) of brain stem is the main source of serotonergic innervation of limbic structures fundamental in the regulation of emotionally influenced behavior. The study was carried out on paraffin-embedded brains from 10 depressive patients, among them 5 suicides and 5 non-suicides and 13 matched mentally healthy controls. The karyometric parameters of DRN neurons were evaluated by AgNOR (Argyrophilic Nucleolar Organizer) silver staining method. The significant effect of suicide on nuclear area and AgNOR-ratio found in the cumulative analysis of all DRN subnuclei could be relevant for forensic diagnostic. The results suggest DRN neurons hypoactivity specific for suicide. Whether observed phenomenon is a "common trait" existing also in other diagnostic groups of mental disorders remains an open question.
- Published
- 2007
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. Volumetric analysis of septal region in schizophrenia and affective disorder.
- Author
-
Brisch R, Bernstein HG, Krell D, Stauch R, Trübner K, Dobrowolny H, Kropf S, Bielau H, and Bogerts B
- Subjects
- Adult, Antipsychotic Agents therapeutic use, Brain pathology, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Schizophrenia drug therapy, Sex Characteristics, Tissue Fixation, Mood Disorders pathology, Schizophrenia pathology, Septum of Brain pathology
- Abstract
MRI and post-mortem studies indicate an increased prevalence of cavum septi pellucidi (CSP) in schizophrenia and affective disorder. The aim of this study was to characterize the CSP and the septal tissue among patients with schizophrenia, patients with affective disorder, and control subjects. The volumes of CSP and septal tissue were measured in post-mortem brains in 42 patients with schizophrenia, 14 patients with affective disorder, and 17 normal control cases by planimetry of serial sections. Enlargements of CSP (>100 mm(3)) were found in eight of the 42 (19%) patients with schizophrenia. There were no significant differences in CSP volumes between patients with affective disorder and controls. Enlarged CSP in schizophrenia were not associated with reduced septal tissue volumes. By contrast, a significant positive correlation between volumes of CSP and septal tissue volumes in patients with schizophrenia (P = 0.03) and in control cases (P < 0.01) was found, but not in patients with affective disorder (P = 0.53). The finding of enlarged CSP in schizophrenia strongly supports the hypothesis of an early developmental abnormality in this key structure of the limbic system.
- Published
- 2007
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. Dysregulation of GABAergic neurotransmission in mood disorders: a postmortem study.
- Author
-
Bielau H, Steiner J, Mawrin C, Trübner K, Brisch R, Meyer-Lotz G, Brodhun M, Dobrowolny H, Baumann B, Gos T, Bernstein HG, and Bogerts B
- Subjects
- Aged, Bipolar Disorder pathology, Brain Mapping, Female, Glutamate Decarboxylase metabolism, Humans, Immunohistochemistry, Male, Middle Aged, Synaptic Transmission, Brain pathology, Gene Expression Regulation, Mood Disorders metabolism, Neurons metabolism, gamma-Aminobutyric Acid metabolism
- Abstract
Alterations of GABAergic neurotransmission are assumed to play a crucial role in the pathophysiology of mood disorders. Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) acts via binding to A and B receptors, whereas the B receptor is G protein-coupled. Glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) is the key enzyme of GABA synthesis. Immunohistochemical staining of GAD 65/67-immunoreactive neurons was performed in dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, orbitofrontal cortex, anterior cingulate cortex, superior temporal cortex, hippocampus formation, and mediodorsal thalamus with consecutive determination of neuronal density in 20 brains of patients with mood disorders (P) and 19 controls (C). In the patients' group were 11 patients with bipolar disorder (BD) and 9 patients with major depressive disorder (MDD). The data were tested statistically using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and post hoc Tukey tests. ANOVA revealed significant differences among the groups (C, BD, MDD) in dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, orbitofrontal cortex, superior temporal cortex, and hippocampus. Post hoc tests demonstrated higher neuronal densities in unipolar patients compared with bipolar patients and controls in dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, superior temporal cortex, and hippocampus. In the orbitofrontal cortex, a higher neuronal density was found in bipolar and unipolar patients compared with controls. In mood disorder patients, dose equivalents of antidepressants given prior to death correlated positively with the neuronal density in superior temporal cortex and hippocampus. The current data on GAD 65/67 point to a dysregulation of the GABAergic system in mood disorders. Possibly, existing deficits of GABAergic neurotransmission will be compensated or overcompensated by antidepressants. Additionally, albeit speculative, an imbalance between GABA production and transport might be of relevance.
- Published
- 2007
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
Catalog
Discovery Service for Jio Institute Digital Library
For full access to our library's resources, please sign in.