Search

Your search keyword '"Towler, Mark R."' showing total 281 results
Start Over Author "Towler, Mark R."
281 results on '"Towler, Mark R."'

6. Evaluating the physico-chemical properties of water-based and 2% lidocaine hydrochloride-based aluminum-free glass polyalkenoate cements for distal radius fixation.

Author

Akkad, Danny T., Phull, Sunjeev S., and Towler, Mark R.

Subjects
WRIST fractures, WRIST surgery, CHEMICAL kinetics, GLASS structure, BONE cements, STRONTIUM
Abstract

Lidocaine hydrochloride is used as an anesthetic for clinical applications. This study considers the effects of the substitution of 2% lidocaine hydrochloride for deionized (DI) water on the rheological, mechanical, ion release, pH and injectable properties of two formulations of aluminum-free glass polyalkenoate cements (GPCs) using two distinct poly(acrylic) acids (PAA), E9 and E11, which have different molecular weights (Mw). The substitution of 2% lidocaine hydrochloride demonstrated increased injectability, but did not affect mechanical properties. The mechanical properties increased with time, as expected, and, in general, E9-based GPCs displayed significantly higher strengths over E11-based GPCs. With respect to ion release, which includes calcium (Ca), strontium (Sr), zinc (Zn) and silicon (Si); all ions displayed a steady and consistent increased release over time. Ca and Sr showed similar ion release patterns, whereby the GPC made with E11 PAA and lidocaine hydrochloride released significantly more ions than all other compositions likely due to similar chemical kinetics. However, Zn is also divalent in nature, but displayed only one significant difference across the GPC series at all time points, which was attributed to its higher electronegativity allowing for increased participation in the setting reaction. Finally, an analysis of the pH confirmed an increase in pH with time, suggesting that H+ ions were attacking the glass structure to allow for ion release. After 1 and 7 days, water-based GPCs environments achieved a higher pH than lidocaine hydrochloride-based GPCs, indicating that the lidocaine hydrochloride may be releasing additional protons upon bond formation with PAA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
Full Text
View/download PDF

32. Raman spectroscopy as a tool for monitoring osteoporosis therapy in postmenopausal osteoporosis.

Author

Beattie, J. Renwick and Towler, Mark R.

Subjects
*TERIPARATIDE, *OSTEOPOROSIS in women, *RAMAN spectroscopy, *BONE density, *PROTEIN structure, *BONE remodeling
Abstract

Bisphosphonate‐based pharmacological therapy of osteoporosis reduces risk of fracture, but modulation of bone mineral density does not solely explain this. Additional bone quality aspects affecting fragility need to be better understood, alongside methods to monitor them. Systemic factors that influence bone collagen remodelling also remodel keratin in parallel processes. In this study, human fingernail clippings from subjects with and without bone active pharmaceutical intervention are compared. A discriminant model was able to distinguish between the nails from patients that were treatment‐naive and treated with an area under the curve of 71% in the test set. A time series of changes relative to baseline revealed that after 1 year, the scores of the treated group (95 confidence interval 37% to 377% change) differed from both the 12 week measurements (−198% to 34%) and scores from untreated subjects (−92% to −674%). Analysis of the spectral differences and model coefficients revealed features that were inverse to those observed in three previous osteoporosis models, indicating that treatment was reverting damaged protein structure. This study provides preliminary evidence that bone active medication systemically influences keratin structure in humans and provides some discussion on the underlying mechanism. The study demonstrates that bisphosphonates have a direct influence on protein structure, warranting further investigation of these effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
Full Text
View/download PDF

Catalog

Books, media, physical & digital resources
See catalog results