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473 results on '"Tovar, R."'

25. Administration of Linoleoylethanolamide Reduced Weight Gain, Dyslipidemia, and Inflammation Associated with High-Fat-Diet-Induced Obesity

Author

Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, European Commission, Junta de Andalucía, Ministerio de Cultura y Deporte (España), Tovar, R., de Ceglia, M, Ubaldi, M., Rodríguez-Pozo, M., Soverchia, L., Cifani, C., Rojo, G., Gavito, A., Hernández-Folgado, Laura, Jagerovic, Nadine, Ciccocioppo, R., Baixeras, E., Rodríguez de Fonseca, F., Decara, J., Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, European Commission, Junta de Andalucía, Ministerio de Cultura y Deporte (España), Tovar, R., de Ceglia, M, Ubaldi, M., Rodríguez-Pozo, M., Soverchia, L., Cifani, C., Rojo, G., Gavito, A., Hernández-Folgado, Laura, Jagerovic, Nadine, Ciccocioppo, R., Baixeras, E., Rodríguez de Fonseca, F., and Decara, J.

Abstract

Acylethanolamides (NAEs) are bioactive lipids derived from diet fatty acids that modulate important homeostatic functions, including appetite, fatty acid synthesis, mitochondrial respiration, inflammation, and nociception. Among the naturally circulating NAEs, the pharmacology of those derived from either arachidonic acid (Anandamide), oleic acid (OEA), and palmitic acid (PEA) have been extensively characterized in diet-induced obesity. For the present work, we extended those studies to linoleoylethanolamide (LEA), one of the most abundant NAEs found not only in plasma and body tissues but also in foods such as cereals. In our initial study, circulating concentrations of LEA were found to be elevated in overweight humans (body mass index (BMI, Kg/m) > 25) recruited from a representative population from the south of Spain, together with AEA and the endocannabinoid 2-Arachidonoyl glycerol (2-AG). In this population, LEA concentrations correlated with the circulating levels of cholesterol and triglycerides. In order to gain insight into the pharmacology of LEA, we administered it for 14 days (10 mg/kg i.p. daily) to obese male Sprague Dawley rats receiving a cafeteria diet or a standard chow diet for 12 consecutive weeks. LEA treatment resulted in weight loss and a reduction in circulating triglycerides, cholesterol, and inflammatory markers such as Il-6 and Tnf-alpha. In addition, LEA reduced plasma transaminases and enhanced acetyl-CoA-oxidase (Acox) and Uncoupling protein-2 (Ucp2) expression in the liver of the HFD-fed animals. Although the liver steatosis induced by the HFD was not reversed by LEA, the overall data suggest that LEA contributes to the homeostatic signals set in place in response to diet-induced obesity, potentially contributing with OEA to improve lipid metabolism after high fat intake. The anti-inflammatory response associated with its administration suggests its potential for use as a nutrient supplement in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis.

Published
2023

34. Synthesis of CuOx nanostructures in novel electrolytes under hydrodynamic conditions for photoelectrochemical applications.

Author

Sánchez-García, G., Pérez-Calvo, A., Fernández-Domene, R. M., Blasco-Tamarit, E., Sánchez-Tovar, R., and Solsona, B.

Subjects
OXALIC acid, NANOSTRUCTURES, ELECTROLYTES, ETHYLENE glycol, COPPER
Abstract

In this work, CuOx (x = 1 and 2) nanostructures have been synthesized by electrochemical anodization in ethylene glycol based electrolytes using oxalic acid or NaF (with or without NaOH) as complexing agents. The influence of hydrodynamic conditions and time during anodization of copper have also been evaluated. A comprehensive morphological, structural, electrochemical and photoelectrochemical characterization of the nanostructures has been performed. The results revealed the convenient use of oxalic acid and 250 rpm for 5 minutes during electrochemical anodization to obtain homogeneous CuOx nanostructures formed by spheres with Cu2O as a predominant phase. Using this nanostructure as a photocathode for N2O photoelectron-reduction, almost 100% of N2O removal was achieved after 1 h, showing the improvement of the photoelectrochemical approach vs. the photo or the electro performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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35. Integrating Sustainable Development in Chemical Engineering Education: The Application of an Environmental Management System

Author

Montanes, M. T., Palomares, A. E., and Sanchez-Tovar, R.

Abstract

The principles of sustainable development have been integrated in chemical engineering education by means of an environmental management system. These principles have been introduced in the teaching laboratories where students perform their practical classes. In this paper, the implementation of the environmental management system, the problems arisen, the proposed solutions and the obtained results are discussed. The main problems are related to the chronological order of the courses in the chemical engineering degree, the commitment of students and the proper management of wastes. The suggested solutions are a combination of preliminary theoretical explanations, the supply of adequate documents to students and the evaluation of their work from the principles of sustainable development. Results show that after the implementation of the system, it is possible to reduce the consumption of raw materials and resources, and the generation of wastes. Results also suggest an improvement in the skills, attitudes and values of the students according to the sustainable-development principles. (Contains 4 tables and 2 figures.)

Published
2012
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