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Copyright of Turk Psikiyatri Dergisi is the property of Turk Psikiyatri Dergisi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Turkish Journal of Child & Adolescent Mental Health / Çocuk ve Gençlik Ruh Sagligi Dergisi is the property of Galenos Yayinevi Tic. LTD. STI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Amaç: Bu çalışmada, tik bozukluğu tanısı alan çocuk ve ergenlerin sosyodemografik verileri, klinik özellikleri ve eşlik eden diğer ruhsal bozuklukların araştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmaya, Tik Bozukluğu tanısı olan 4-18 yaş aralığında 187 olgu alındı. Ruhsal belirtilerin taranması amacı ile Okul Çağı Çocukları İçin Duygulanım Bozuklukları ve Şizofreni Görüşme Çizelgesi-Şimdi ve Yaşam boyu Şekli Türkçe uyarlaması ÇDŞG-ŞY (K-SADS-PL), Tik belirti şiddeti için, Yale Genel Tik Ağırlığını Derecelendirme Ölçeği (YGTDÖ) kullanıldı. Olguların demografik bilgileri ve ailesel hastalık öyküleri kaydedildi. Bulgular: Çalışmaya, ortalama yaşı 10,9±2,6 yaş olan, 37 kız (ortalama 10,9±2,5 yaş) ve 150 erkek (ortalama 10,9±2,7 yaş) olgu alındı. Tik Bozukluğu alt tipine göre olguların 135’i (%72,2) Tourette Sendromu, %26,7’si (n=50) motor tik bozukluğu, 2’si (%1,1) bunların dışında bir tik bozukluğu tanısı aldı. Tik Bozukluğu alt tipine göre olguların ortalama yaşı, ilk belirti yaşı açısından iki grup arasında anlamlı fark yoktu. Olguların % 91’inde tiklerin başlangıç yaşı, 12 yaş ve altında idi. Kızlara göre erkekler arasında en az bir eş tanıya sahip olma oranı, ortalama eş tanı sayısı ve dikkat eksikliği hiperaktivite bozukluğu (DEHB) eş tanı oranı anlamlı biçimde daha fazlaydı. En sık görülen eş tanılar, DEHB (n=142, %75,9), obsesif kompulsif bozukluk (OKB) (n=108, %57,8) ve anksiyete bozukluğu (n=57, %30,4) idi. Sonuç: Çalışmamızda, çocukluk çağı tik bozukluklarında erkek olgu, erken başlangıç ve çoklu eş tanıların belirgin düzeyde yüksek olduğu bulunmuştur.

Otizm Spektrum Bozukluğu OSB çocukluk döneminde başlangıç gösteren, iletişimde büyük sorunlara yol açan ve bireyin işlevselliğini ve yaşam kalitesini belirgin şekilde etkileyen bir nörogelişimsel rahatsızlıktır. Tik bozuklukları, dikkat eksikliği hiperaktivite bozukluğu gibi birçok psikiyatrik hastalıkla komorbidite gösterebilmektedir. Atipikantipsikotikler OSB olgularında irritabilite ve eşlik eden psikiyatrik rahatsızlıkların tedavisinde sıklıkla kullanılmaktadır. Bu ilaçlardan aripiprazol son yıllarda etki profili nedeniyle oldukça popülerlik kazanmıştır. Psikiyatrik bozuklukların tedavisinde düşük doz aripiprazolünmonoterapi olarak etkinliği dikkat çekicidir. Bu olgu sunumunda ASD ve Tourette Sendromlu otistik çocuğun tedavisinde düşük doz aripiprazolmonoterapisinin etkinliğini sunacağız

Copyright of Turkish Journal of Child & Adolescent Mental Health / Çocuk ve Gençlik Ruh Sagligi Dergisi is the property of Galenos Yayinevi Tic. LTD. STI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Purpose: In this study, we aimed to investigate the sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of children and adolescents diagnosed with tic disorders. Materials and Methods: The study population included 187 children with tic disorders, aged between 4 and 18 years. The data were obtained by using Yale Global Tic Severity Scale (YGTSS), Screen for Child Anxiety and Related Disorders, Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School Age Children-Present and Lifetime Version (K-SADS-PL). The demographic information, history of familial diseases were recorded. Results: The study included 37 girls (mean 10.9 ± 2.5 years) and 150 boys (mean 10.9 ± 2.7 years) with a mean age of 10.9 ± 2.6 years. Of all cases, 135 were classified as Tourette Syndrome (n=135; 72,2%), 50 as motor tics (n=50; 26,7 %) and 2 as others tic disorders (n=2; 1,1%) according to the diagnostic tic disorders subtype. There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of mean age and first symptom age according to the subtype of tic disorder. In 9 1% of the cases, the age of onset of tics was 12 years or younger. The rate of having at least one comorbidity, mean number of comorbidities and comorbid ADHD rates were significantly higher among boys than girls. The most common comorbid diagnoses were ADHD (n=142, 75.9%), OCD (n= 08, 57.8%) and anxiety disorder (n=57, 30.4%). Conclusion: In our study, male cases, early onset and multiple comorbid diagnoses were found to be significantly higher in childhood tic disorders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tourette syndrome (TS) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterised by multiple tics. Individuals have multiple motor and vocal tics that begin in childhood and that are ongoing. Motor and vocal tics are classified as simple or complex. Tics often begin in childhood, and the location, frequency, and severity of tics can change over time. TS is associated with neuropsychiatric problems such as obsessive-compulsive behaviors, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, anxiety and depression. Pharmacological treatment is not always necessary. Behavioral approaches, medical treatment and surgical treatment are treatment options; and treatment should be individualized according to patient. Primarily alpha 2 receptor agonists and antipsychotic drugs use in the pharmacological treatment. TS generally often improves in adulthood. In this study, a 33-year-old male patient, admitted to our outpatient clinic with complaints of reluctance, excessive meticulousness, irritability, malaise, and frequent interpersonal problems and motor-vocal tics since childhood who had been diagnosed with TS, major depressive disorder and obsessivecompulsive disorder in the light of the literature is presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that begins in childhood, causes major problems in communication and significantly affects daily functioning and quality of life of the individual. Many psychiatric disorders such as tic disorders, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder may ve comorbid with ASD. Atypical antipsychotics are frequently using in the treatment of irritability and comorbid psychiatric disorders in individuals with ASD. Aripiprazole popularity has raised in recent years due to its efficacy profile. Effectiveness of low dose aripiprazole as monotherapy in the treatment of psychiatric disorders are remarkable. In this case report, we will present effectiveness of low dose aripiprazole monotheraphy in the treatment of autistic child with ASD and Tourette Syndrome. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tourette's Syndrome is developmental neuropsychiatric disorder characterized by stereotypic, non-rhythmic multiple motor and/or vocal tics. In rare cases, severe tics which can be life-threatening or self-mutilating may be observed in Tourette Syndrome. These types of cases that involve severe self-injurious behavior are called malignant Tourette's Syndrome. In this report, we present an adult case of Tourette Syndrome with vision loss as a result of recurrent and severe ocular self-mutilative tics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Vomiting is a rarely reported symptom associated with tics in Tourette's syndrome. Absence of an organic pathology after detailed physical examination and tests, and exclusion of other psychopathologies like eating disorders help distinguish vomiting as a tic or a symptom associated with tic. In this case presentation, a girl who was vomiting by contracting her abdominal muscles due to feeling of discomfort after noisy swallowing was discussed. The case also had contamination obsessions. After some tests and clinical discussion, the case was diagnosed as Tourette's syndrome and obsessive compulsive disorder. A clinician confronting with vomiting in a patient who has been monitored due to Tourette's syndrome may need to take into account tics or a symptom associated with tics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Turkish Journal of Psychiatry is the property of Turk Psikiyatri Dergisi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Tics are sudden, rapid and repetitive stereotyped movements or vocalizations. Once thought to be a rare disorder, many children and adults are now known to suffer from tic disorders, including Tourette syndrome. Pharmacological treatments have been the most commonly used treatment modality for tic disorders. More to the point behavioral psychotherapies have been shown to be effective. The present article aims to introduce one of the behavioral techniques, namely Habit Reversal Training (HRT) for the treatment of tic disorders including Tourette syndrome and evaluate the results of randomized-controlled studies. Results of the studies with large groups of children and adults demonstrated that HRT are effective compared to the control groups. Future studies are needed to develop new behavioral treatments for those patients who do not respond to HRT and also to examine the effects of combining behavioral treatments for tics with pharmacotherapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tic disorders which involve sudden and repetitive movements, gestures, or vocalizations form a spectrum ranging from simple transient tic disorders to more severe tic disorders that may cause significant impairment in psychosocial development, self esteem, family and social relationships, or academic/career performance. Around 6-20% of children experience simple transient tic disorder, while the prevalence of Tourette Syndrome (TS), a more severe tic disorder, is 5 to 6 cases in 1000 children. The severity and frequency of tics may change over time: usually peaking at the beginning of the second decade of life and diminishing towards the end of puberty. Psychosocial stressors, genetic and epigenetic factors and the interactions between these factors are involved in the etiology of tic disorders. In recent years, with the understanding of the suitability of TS as a model in investigating the interaction between genetic and environmental risk factors, increasing number of researches have been conducted in that direction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Gilles de la Tourette syndrome (TS) is a chronic neuropsychiatric disorder that begins in childhood, in which multiple motor tics and one or more vocal tics are seen concomitantly. In this text, the treatment course of a severe TS case, with complete daily functioning loss, is described. Significant reductions in tics were observed with 8 mg/day risperidone treatment in this case who failed to respond to many neuroleptics. The Yale Global Tic Severity Scale (Y-GTSS) score, which was 85 before treatment, declined to 48. In our case, who used this dosing regimen for six months, the reduced tic status continued after the dose was switched to 6 mg/day, the reduction status was observed to go on after six months. No significant side effect was observed. This case was thought to be important in showing that high dose risperidone might be effective in treatment-resistant TS cases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Tourette's syndrome (TS) is an important childhood-onset neuropsychiatric disorder that is characterized by non-rhythmic, sudden, rapid, involuntary, repetitive multiple motor tics and at least one vocal (phonic) tic. Ideal anti-tic treatments are not presently available. Several typical neuroleptics frequently used for treatment of TS, have potentially serious side-effects. To report a lasting improvement obtained with a new drug, aripiprazole that acts modulating both dopaminergic and serotoninergic neurotransmission. A search of literature reveals data on aripiprazole's use in the adult population with limited research in the child and adolescent age group. In this case report, we aim to share our experience with patient with Tourette's Syndrome, who had persistent symptoms despite the use of at least one psychotropic agent. We also aim to provide data on the efficacy of aripiprazole in Tourette's Syndrome in addition to its use in adolescent age group. Method: The effectiveness and side effects of aripiprazole were evaluated with the Clinical Global Impression (CGI) Scale and, Chouinard and Ross-Chouinard's Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale, The UKU Side Effect Rating Scale in addition to the vital and other biological parameters. Results: We report on an 16 year old male patient who demonstrated motor and vocal tics as main symptom for 3,5 years. We treated him with aripiprazole at 10 mg daily dose. Significant improvement was assessed in CGI for the patient between baseline and week 4. End of 4th. week fatique, minimal weight loss was observed at UKU-SERC. No significant side effect, extrapyramidal symptom and no differences in vital and other biological parameters was observed between the baseline and end point. Conclusions: This case demonstrates that a relatively low dose of aripiprazole can be used to control tic symptoms effectively in children and adolescents with TD and chronic tic disorders without causing significant side effect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]