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2. Efficacy and safety of three antiretroviral therapy regimens for treatment-naive African adults living with HIV-2 (FIT-2): a pilot, phase 2, non-comparative, open-label, randomised controlled trial

Author

Anglaret, Xavier, Assoumou, Lambert, Bado, Guillaume, Bissagnene, Emmanuel, Bonnet, Fabrice, Britto, Carlos, Brun Vezinet, Françoise, Charpentier, Charlotte, Chazallon, Corine, Chenal, Henri, Chêne, Geneviève, Chenier, Remy, Clouet, Gwenaelle, Colin, Géraldine, Collin, Gilles, Conte, Valérie, Danel, Christine, De Monteynard, Laure-Amélie, Dembele, Fassery, Diallo, Zelica, Diallo, Illah, Dohoun, Lambert, Drabo, Youssouf Joseph, Eholié, Serge Paul, Ekouevi, Didier Koumavi, Fadiga, Fatoumata, Gabillard, Delphine, Girard, Pierre Marie, Gottlieb, Geoffrey S., Hawerlander, Denise, Karcher, Sophie, Kariyiare, Benjamin, Koita Fall, Mame Basty, Konan, Romuald, Kouame, Antoine, Kouley, Serge-Olivier, Laborde Bolen, Gabriele, Landman, Roland, Le Carrou, Jérome, Marcelain, Anne Geneviève, Matheron, Sophie, Mensah, Ephrem, Mercier, Noémie, Messou, Assoua, Messou, Eugène, Minga, Albert, N'dour, Cheick Tidiane, N'chot, Celestin, Ndiaye, Bara, Ngom Gueye, Ndeye Fatou, N'guessan-Koffi, Larissa, Ouattara, Eric, Ouédraogo, Abdoul-Salam, Palokinam Pitche, Vincent, Peytavin, Gilles, Plantier, Jean Christophe, Poda, Armel, Prince-David, Mireille, Raffali, Yasmine, Rekacewicz, Claire, Rouzioux, Christine, Salou, Mounerou, Sangare, Lassana, Sawadogo, Adrien Bruno, Seydi, Moussa, Somé, Désiré, Tamegnon, Séphora, Tchabert-Guié, Annick, Tchounga, Boris, Toni, Thomas d'Aquin, Toure Kane, Coumba, Touret, Pierre, Traoré, Jean-Richard, Vitoria de Avila, Marco Antonio, Yaméogo, Seydou, Yao Yapi, Cyrille, Zoungrana, Jacques, Eholie, Serge P, Ekouevi, Didier K, Toni, Thomas-d'Aquin, and Brun-Vezinet, Françoise

Published
2024
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4. Implementation of an intensive adherence intervention in patients with second-line antiretroviral therapy failure in four west African countries with little access to genotypic resistance testing: a prospective cohort study

Author

Eholie, Serge P, Moh, Raoul, Benalycherif, Aïda, Gabillard, Delphine, Ello, Frédéric, Messou, Eugène, Zoungrana, Jacques, Diallo, Ismaël, Diallo, Mouhamadou, Bado, Guillaume, Cisse, Mamadou, Maiga, Almoustapha I, Anzian, Amani, Toni, Thomas-d'Aquin, Congo-Ouedraogo, Malika, Toure-Kane, Coumba, Seydi, Moussa, Minta, Daouda K, Sawadogo, Adrien, Sangaré, Lassana, Drabo, Joseph, Karcher, Sophie, Le Carrou, Jérome, de Monteynard, Laure-Amelie, Peytavin, Gilles, Gabassi, Audrey, Girard, Pierre-Marie, Chaix, Marie-Laure, Anglaret, Xavier, and Landman, Roland

Published
2019
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6. Acceptability and feasibility of a screen-and-treat programme for hepatitis B virus infection in The Gambia: the Prevention of Liver Fibrosis and Cancer in Africa (PROLIFICA) study

Author

Lemoine, Maud, Shimakawa, Yusuke, Njie, Ramou, Taal, Makie, Ndow, Gibril, Chemin, Isabelle, Ghosh, Sumantra, Njai, Harr F, Jeng, Adam, Sow, Amina, Toure-Kane, Coumba, Mboup, Souleymane, Suso, Penda, Tamba, Saydiba, Jatta, Abdullah, Sarr, Louise, Kambi, Aboubacar, Stanger, William, Nayagam, Shevanthi, Howell, Jessica, Mpabanzi, Liliane, Nyan, Ousman, Corrah, Tumani, Whittle, Hilton, Taylor-Robinson, Simon D, D'Alessandro, Umberto, Mendy, Maimuna, and Thursz, Mark R

Published
2016
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7. High level of treatment failure and drug resistance to first-line antiretroviral therapies among HIV-infected children receiving decentralized care in Senegal

Author

Cissé, Abdoul-Magib, Laborde-Balen, Gabrièle, Kébé-Fall, Khady, Dramé, Aboubacry, Diop, Halimatou, Diop, Karim, FatouNiasse-Traoré, Coulibaly, Mohamed, Have, Ndeye-Ngone, Vidal, Nicole, Thiam, Safiatou, Wade, Abdoulaye S., Peeters, Martine, Taverne, Bernard, Msellati, Philippe, and Touré-Kane, Coumba

Published
2019
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9. Hepatitis B in Senegal: A Successful Infant Vaccination Program but Urgent Need to Scale Up Screening and Treatment (ANRS 12356 AmBASS survey)

Author

Périères, Lauren, Diallo, Aldiouma, Marcellin, Fabienne, Nishimwe, Marie Libérée, Ba, El Hadji, Coste, Marion, Lo, Gora, Halfon, Philippe, Touré Kane, Coumba, Maradan, Gwenaëlle, Carrieri, Patrizia, Diouf, Assane, Shimakawa, Yusuke, Sokhna, Cheikh, Boyer, Sylvie, Bérenger, Cyril, Bousmah, Marwan al Qays, de Seze, Maëlle, Djaogol, Tchadine, Treibich, Carole, Ba, Elhadji, Dièye, Fambaye, Faye, Elhadji Bilal, Ndiaye, Assane, Sow, Mouhamadou Baba, Ndiaye, Anna Julienne Selbé, Ndiour, Samba, Mohamed, Sofiane, Rouveau, Nicolas, Cortès, Maria‐Camila Calvo, Laborde‐Balen, Gabrièle, Audibert, Martine, Fall, Fatou, Gueye, Ibrahima, Lacombe, Karine, Seydi, Moussa, Tuaillon, Edouard, Vray, Muriel, Vecteurs - Infections tropicales et méditerranéennes (VITROME), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées [Brétigny-sur-Orge] (IRBA), Université Cheikh Anta Diop [Dakar, Sénégal] (UCAD), Sciences Economiques et Sociales de la Santé & Traitement de l'Information Médicale (SESSTIM - U1252 INSERM - Aix Marseille Univ - UMR 259 IRD), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut des sciences de la santé publique [Marseille] (ISSPAM), Aix-Marseille Sciences Economiques (AMSE), École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-École Centrale de Marseille (ECM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherche en Santé, de Surveillance Épidémiologique et de Formation [Dakar, Sénégal] (IRESSEF), ALPHABIO - Laboratoire de biologie médicale, Hôpital Européen [Fondation Ambroise Paré - Marseille], Observatoire régional de la santé Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur [Marseille] (ORS PACA), Epidémiologie des Maladies Emergentes - Emerging Diseases Epidemiology, Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Pasteur-Cnam Risques infectieux et émergents (PACRI), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM), ANRS 12356 AmBASS Survey Study Group: Cyril Bérenger, Marwan Al Qays Bousmah, Sylvie Boyer, Patrizia Carrieri, Marion Coste, Maëlle de Seze, Tchadine Djaogol, Gwenaëlle Maradan, Fabienne Marcellin, Carole Treibich, Elhadji Ba, Aldiouma Diallo, Fambaye Dièye, Assane Diouf, Elhadji Bilal Faye, Assane Ndiaye, Lauren Périères, Cheikh Sokhna, Mouhamadou Baba Sow, Coumba Touré Kane, Gora Lo, Anna Julienne Selbé Ndiaye, Samba Ndiour, Philippe Halfon, Sofiane Mohamed, Nicolas Rouveau, Maria-Camila Calvo Cortès, Gabrièle Laborde-Balen, Martine Audibert, Fatou Fall, Ibrahima Gueye, Karine Lacombe, Moussa Seydi, Yusuke Shimakawa, Edouard Tuaillon, Muriel Vray, Lhuillier, Elisabeth, and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées (IRBA)

Subjects
Adult, Hepatitis B Surface Antigens, Adolescent, Hepatology, Vaccination, Infant, Hepatitis B, [SHS.ECO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and Finance, Senegal, 3. Good health, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, Cross-Sectional Studies, 0302 clinical medicine, Humans, Female, Hepatitis B Vaccines, 030211 gastroenterology & hepatology, 030212 general & internal medicine, [SHS.ECO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and Finance, Child
Abstract

International audience; Senegal introduced the infant hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccination in 2004 and recently committed to eliminating hepatitis B by 2030. Updated epidemiological data are needed to provide information on the progress being made and to develop new interventions. We estimated the prevalence of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) in children and adults living in rural Senegal and assessed hepatitis B treatment eligibility. A cross-sectional population-based serosurvey of HBsAg was conducted in 2018-2019 in a large sample (n = 3,118) of residents living in the Niakhar area (Fatick region, Senegal). Individuals positive for HBsAg subsequently underwent clinical and biological assessments. Data were weighted for age and sex and calibrated to be representative of the area's population. Among the 3,118 participants, 206 were HBsAg positive (prevalence, 6.9%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 5.6-8.1). Prevalence varied markedly according to age group in individuals aged 0-4, 5-14, 15-34, and >= 35 years as follows: 0.0% (95% CI, 0.00-0.01); 1.5% (95% CI, 0.0-2.3); 12.4% (95% CI, 9.1-15.6); and 8.8% (95% CI, 6.1-11.5), respectively. Of those subsequently assessed, 50.9% (95% CI, 41.8-60.0) had active HBV infection; 4 (2.9%; 95% CI, 0.9-9.4) were eligible for hepatitis B treatment. Conclusion: In this first population-based serosurvey targeting children and adults in rural Senegal, HBsAg prevalence was very low in the former, meeting the World Health Organization's (WHO) < 1% HBsAg 2020 target; however, it was high in young adults (15-34 years old) born before the HBV vaccine was introduced in 2004. To reach national and WHO hepatitis elimination goals, general population testing (particularly for adolescents and young adults), care, and treatment scale-up need to be implemented.

Published
2021
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10. Extraordinary Heterogeneity of Virological Outcomes in Patients Receiving Highly Antiretroviral Therapy and Monitored With the World Health Organization Public Health Approach in Sub-Saharan Africa and Southeast Asia

Author

ANRS 12186 Study Group, Aghokeng, Avelin F., Monleau, Marjorie, Eymard-Duvernay, Sabrina, Dagnra, Anoumou, Kania, Dramane, Ngo-Giang-Huong, Nicole, Toni, Thomas D., Touré-Kane, Coumba, Truong, Lien X. T., Delaporte, Eric, Chaix, Marie-Laure, Peeters, Martine, and Ayouba, Ahidjo

Published
2014
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13. Monitoring HIV-1 Subtype Distribution

Author

Barin, Francis R., Toure-Kane, Coumba, Plantier, Jean-Christophe, Peeters, Martine, Essex, Max, editor, Mboup, Souleymane, editor, Kanki, Phyllis J., editor, Marlink, Richard G., editor, Tlou, Sheila D., editor, and Holme, Molly, editor

Published
2002
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16. Hepatitis B Vaccination in Senegalese Children: Coverage, Timeliness, and Sociodemographic Determinants of Non-Adherence to Immunisation Schedules (ANRS 12356 AmBASS Survey)

Author

Périères, Lauren, Marcellin, Fabienne, Lo, Gora, Protopopescu, Camelia, Ba, El Hadji, Coste, Marion, Touré Kane, Coumba, Maradan, Gwenaëlle, Diallo, Aldiouma, Sokhna, Cheikh, Boyer, Sylvie, Maladies infectieuses persistantes et émergentes en Afrique de l’Ouest [Dakar, Sénégal] (Equipe 3 - VITROME), Vecteurs - Infections tropicales et méditerranéennes (VITROME), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées (IRBA)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées (IRBA), Sciences Economiques et Sociales de la Santé & Traitement de l'Information Médicale (SESSTIM - U1252 INSERM - Aix Marseille Univ - UMR 259 IRD), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut de Recherche en Santé, de Surveillance Épidémiologique et de Formation [Dakar, Sénégal] (IRESSEF), Aix-Marseille Sciences Economiques (AMSE), École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-École Centrale de Marseille (ECM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Observatoire régional de la santé Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur [Marseille] (ORS PACA), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées (IRBA), French National Agency for AIDS and Viral Hepatitis Research (ANRS) under the auspices of the French National Institute for Health and Medical Research (INSERM) (INSEMR-ANRS), grant number 12356., Lhuillier, Elisabeth, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées [Brétigny-sur-Orge] (IRBA)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées [Brétigny-sur-Orge] (IRBA), and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées [Brétigny-sur-Orge] (IRBA)

Subjects
vaccination timeliness, vaccination coverage, pentavalent vaccination, birth dose vaccination, [SHS.ECO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and Finance, [SHS.ECO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and Finance, Article, hepatitis B vaccine, Senegal
Abstract

International audience; Detailed knowledge about hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccination coverage and timeliness for sub-Saharan Africa is scarce. We used data from a community-based cross-sectional survey conducted in 2018–2019 in the area of Niakhar, Senegal, to estimate coverage, timeliness, and factors associated with non-adherence to the World Health Organisation-recommended vaccination schedules in children born in 2016 (year of the birth dose (BD) introduction in Senegal) and 2017–2018. Vaccination status was assessed from vaccination cards, surveillance data, and healthcare post vaccination records. Among 241 children with available data, for 2016 and 2017–2018, respectively, 31.0% and 66.8% received the BD within 24 h of birth (BD schedule), and 24.3% and 53.7% received the BD plus at least two pentavalent vaccine doses within the recommended timeframes (three-dose schedule). In logistic regression models, home birth, dry season birth, and birth in 2016 were all associated with non-adherence to the recommended BD and three-dose schedules. Living over three kilometres from the nearest healthcare post, being the firstborn, and living in an agriculturally poorer household were only associated with non-adherence to the three-dose schedule. The substantial proportion of children not vaccinated according to recommended schedules highlights the importance of considering vaccination timeliness when evaluating vaccination programme effectiveness. Outreach vaccination activities and incentives to bring children born at home to healthcare facilities within 24 h of birth, must be strengthened to improve timely HBV vaccination.

Published
2021
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17. Sibling status, home birth, tattoos and stitches are risk factors for chronic hepatitis B virus infection in Senegalese children: A cross‐sectional survey

Author

Périères, Lauren, Protopopescu, Camelia, Lo, Gora, Marcellin, Fabienne, Ba, El Hadji, Coste, Marion, Touré Kane, Coumba, Diallo, Aldiouma, Sokhna, Cheikh, Boyer, Sylvie, Anrs 12356 Ambass Survey Study, Grp, Bérenger, Cyril, Bousmah, Marwân-Al-Qays, Carrieri, Patrizia, de Sèze, Maëlle, Djaogol, Tchadine, Maradan, Gwenaëlle, Treibich, Carole, Ba Ba, El Hadji, Dièye, Fambaye, Diouf, Assane, Faye, Elhadji Bilal, Ndiaye, Assane, Sow, Mouhamadou Baba, Ndiaye, Anna Julienne Selbé, Ndiour, Samba, Halfon, Philippe, Mohamed, Sofiane, Rouveau, Nicolas, Cortès, Maria‐camila Calvo, Laborde‐balen, Gabrièle, Audibert, Martine, Fall, Fatou, Gueye, Ibrahima, Lacombe, Karine, Seydi, Moussa, Shimakawa, Yusuke, Tuaillon, Edouard, Vray, Muriel, Maladies infectieuses persistantes et émergentes en Afrique de l’Ouest [Dakar, Sénégal] (Equipe 3 - VITROME), Vecteurs - Infections tropicales et méditerranéennes (VITROME), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées (IRBA)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées (IRBA), Sciences Economiques et Sociales de la Santé & Traitement de l'Information Médicale (SESSTIM - U1252 INSERM - Aix Marseille Univ - UMR 259 IRD), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut de Recherche en Santé, de Surveillance Épidémiologique et de Formation [Dakar, Sénégal] (IRESSEF), Aix-Marseille Sciences Economiques (AMSE), École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-École Centrale de Marseille (ECM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées (IRBA), The AmBASS research project was funded in full by the French ANRS Emerging Infectious Diseases research agency under the auspices of the French National Institute for Health and Medical Research (INSERM) (INSERM-ANRS), grant number 12356., Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées [Brétigny-sur-Orge] (IRBA), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées [Brétigny-sur-Orge] (IRBA)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées [Brétigny-sur-Orge] (IRBA), Université Cheikh Anta Diop [Dakar, Sénégal] (UCAD), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic and Emerging Infections (PCCEI), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université des Antilles (UA)-Etablissement français du don du sang [Montpellier], Lhuillier, Elisabeth, and École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-École Centrale de Marseille (ECM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)

Subjects
HBsAg, Cross-sectional study, medicine.disease_cause, 0302 clinical medicine, Pregnancy, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, Infection control, risk factors, 030212 general & internal medicine, [SHS.ECO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and Finance, Home Childbirth, [SDV.MP.VIR] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, child, Tattooing, virus diseases, Hepatitis B, [SHS.ECO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and Finance, Senegal, 3. Good health, Vaccination, Infectious Diseases, [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, [SDV.MHEP.MI] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, Female, 030211 gastroenterology & hepatology, Hepatitis B virus, prevalence, 03 medical and health sciences, Hepatitis B, Chronic, Virology, medicine, Humans, Hepatitis B Vaccines, Sibling, Aged, Hepatitis B Surface Antigens, Hepatology, business.industry, Siblings, [SDV.MHEP.HEG]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Hépatology and Gastroenterology, medicine.disease, [SDV.MHEP.HEG] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Hépatology and Gastroenterology, Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical, digestive system diseases, Cross-Sectional Studies, hepatitis B, business, Home birth, Demography
Abstract

International audience; Sub-Saharan Africa's hepatitis B virus (HBV) burden is primarily due to infection in infancy. However, data on chronic HBV infection prevalence and associated risk factors in children born post-HBV vaccination introduction are scarce. We estimated hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) prevalence and risk factors in Senegalese children born during the HBV vaccination era. In 2018-2019, a community-based cross-sectional survey was conducted in Senegal among children born between 2004 and 2015 (ie after the three-dose HBV vaccine series was introduced (2004) but before the birth dose's introduction (2016)). HBsAg-positive children were identified using dried blood spots. A standardized questionnaire collected socioeconomic information. Data were age-sex weighted and calibrated to be representative of children living in the study area. Risk factors associated with HBsAg positivity were identified using negative binomial regression. Among 1,327 children, 17 were HBsAg-positive (prevalence = 1.23% (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.61-1.85)). Older age (adjusted incidence-rate ratio [aIRR] 1.31 per one-year increase, 95% CI 1.10-1.57), home vs healthcare facility delivery (aIRR 3.55, 95% CI 1.39-9.02), stitches (lifetime) (aIRR 4.79; 95% CI 1.84-12.39), tattoos (aIRR 8.97, 95% CI 1.01-79.11) and having an HBsAg-positive sibling with the same mother (aIRR 3.05, 95% CI 1.09-8.57) were all independently associated with HBsAg positivity. The low HBsAg prevalence highlights the success of the Senegalese HBV vaccination program. To further reduce HBV acquisition in children, high-risk groups, including pregnant women and siblings of HBsAg-positive individuals, must be screened. Vital HBV infection prevention measures include promoting delivery in healthcare facilities, and increasing awareness of prevention and control procedures.

Published
2021
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19. High HIV-1 Virological Failure and Drug Resistance among Adult Patients Receiving First-Line ART for At least 12 Months at a Decentralized Urban HIV Clinic Setting in Senegal before the Test-and-Treat

Author

Ekollo Mbange, Aristid, primary, Malick Diouara, Abou Abdallah, additional, Diop-Ndiaye, Halimatou, additional, Diaw Diouf, Ndèye Aminata, additional, Ngom-Ngueye, Ndèye Fatou, additional, Ndiaye Touré, Kine, additional, Dieng, Ahmed, additional, Lô, Seynabou, additional, Fall, Mamadou, additional, Fon Mbacham, Wilfred, additional, Mboup, Souleymane, additional, and Touré-Kane, Coumba, additional

Published
2021
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20. WED-178 - Long-term outcomes of a population-based cohort of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients in West Africa

Author

Ndow, Gibril, Shimakawa, Yusuke, Leith, Damien, Bah, Sulayman, Bangura, Rohey, Bojang, Lamin, Ceesay, Amie, Bola-Lawal, Queen, Touray, Alhagie, Jatta, Abdoulie, Barry, Jainaba, Nyassi, Fatou Bintou, Lambert, Gabriel, Cook, Amelia, Ingiliz, Patrick, Bittaye, Sheikh Omar, Haddadin, Yazan, Quang, Erwan Vo, Chevaliez, Stéphane, Cloherty, Gavin, Lo, Gora, Toure-Kane, Coumba, Chemin, Isabelle, Njie, Ramou, Umberto, Dalessandro, Thursz, Mark, and Lemoine, Maud

Published
2023
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21. OS-090-YI - Estimating the residual risk of hepatitis B mother-to-child transmission in The Gambia, 30 years after HBV vaccine implementation

Author

Ndow, Gibril, Bangura, Rohey, Quang, Erwan Vo, Touray, Fatoumatta, Jatta, Abdoulie, Barry, Jainaba, Bah, Sulayman, Nyassi, Fatou Bintou, Bola-Lawal, Queen, Touray, Alhagie, Drammeh, Sainabou, Cham, Hawa, Cloherty, Gavin, Lo, Gora, Toure-Kane, Coumba, Bojang, Lamin, Shimakawa, Yusuke, D’Alessandro, Umberto, and Lemoine, Maud

Published
2023
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22. Hepatitis B in Senegal: A Successful Infant Vaccination Program but Urgent Need to Scale Up Screening and Treatment (ANRS 12356 AmBASS survey).

Author

Périères, Lauren, Diallo, Aldiouma, Marcellin, Fabienne, Nishimwe, Marie Libérée, Ba, El Hadji, Coste, Marion, Lo, Gora, Halfon, Philippe, Touré Kane, Coumba, Maradan, Gwenaëlle, Carrieri, Patrizia, Diouf, Assane, Shimakawa, Yusuke, Sokhna, Cheikh, Boyer, Sylvie, Bérenger, Cyril, Bousmah, Marwan al Qays, de Seze, Maëlle, Djaogol, Tchadine, and Treibich, Carole

Subjects
HEPATITIS B, HEPATITIS associated antigen, YOUNG adults, AGE groups, DISEASE prevalence
Abstract

Senegal introduced the infant hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccination in 2004 and recently committed to eliminating hepatitis B by 2030. Updated epidemiological data are needed to provide information on the progress being made and to develop new interventions. We estimated the prevalence of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) in children and adults living in rural Senegal and assessed hepatitis B treatment eligibility. A cross‐sectional population‐based serosurvey of HBsAg was conducted in 2018‐2019 in a large sample (n = 3,118) of residents living in the Niakhar area (Fatick region, Senegal). Individuals positive for HBsAg subsequently underwent clinical and biological assessments. Data were weighted for age and sex and calibrated to be representative of the area's population. Among the 3,118 participants, 206 were HBsAg positive (prevalence, 6.9%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 5.6‐8.1). Prevalence varied markedly according to age group in individuals aged 0‐4, 5‐14, 15‐34, and ≥35 years as follows: 0.0% (95% CI, 0.00‐0.01); 1.5% (95% CI, 0.0‐2.3); 12.4% (95% CI, 9.1‐15.6); and 8.8% (95% CI, 6.1‐11.5), respectively. Of those subsequently assessed, 50.9% (95% CI, 41.8‐60.0) had active HBV infection; 4 (2.9%; 95% CI, 0.9‐9.4) were eligible for hepatitis B treatment. Conclusion: In this first population‐based serosurvey targeting children and adults in rural Senegal, HBsAg prevalence was very low in the former, meeting the World Health Organization's (WHO) < 1% HBsAg 2020 target; however, it was high in young adults (15‐34 years old) born before the HBV vaccine was introduced in 2004. To reach national and WHO hepatitis elimination goals, general population testing (particularly for adolescents and young adults), care, and treatment scale‐up need to be implemented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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23. HIV-1 subtypes and recombinants in the Republic of Congo

Author

Niama, Fabien Roch, Toure-Kane, Coumba, Vidal, Nicole, Obengui, Pani, Bikandou, Blaise, Ndoundou Nkodia, Marie Yvonne, Montavon, Céline, Diop-Ndiaye, Halimatou, Mombouli, Jean Vivien, Mokondzimobe, Etienne, Diallo, Aïssatou Gaye, Delaporte, Eric, Parra, Henri-Joseph, Peeters, Martine, and Mboup, Souleymane

Published
2006
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25. Prévention de la fibrose et du cancer du foie liés au virus de l’hépatite B en Afrique

Author

Cohen, Damien, Shimakawa, Yusuke, Ndow, Gibril, Sow, Amina, Tamba, Saydiba, Njie, Ramou, Lo, Gora, Ghosh, Sumantra, Touré-Kane, Coumba, Ka, Mourtalla, Mboup, Souleymane, Okeke, Edith, Toure, Souleymane, Diop, Madoky, D'Alessandro, Umberto, Taylor-Robinson, Simon, Mendy, Maimuna, Zoulim, Fabien, Thursz, Mark, Lemoine, Maud, Chemin, Isabelle, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon (UNICANCER/CRCL), Centre Léon Bérard [Lyon]-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Epidémiologie des Maladies Emergentes - Emerging Diseases Epidemiology, Pasteur-Cnam Risques infectieux et émergents (PACRI), Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), Imperial College London, Medical Research Council Unit The Gambia (MRC), Hôpital Aristide-Le-Dantec, University of Jos [Nigeria], Centre International de Recherche contre le Cancer - International Agency for Research on Cancer (CIRC - IARC), Organisation Mondiale de la Santé / World Health Organization Office (OMS / WHO), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), and HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)

Subjects
MESH: Health Services Accessibility, MESH: Humans, MESH: Hepatitis B, MESH: Liver Neoplasms, MESH: Poverty, MESH: Health Policy, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, MESH: Africa South of the Sahara, MESH: Liver Cirrhosis, digestive system diseases, MESH: Hepatitis B Surface Antigens
Abstract

International audience; Despite the existence of an effective vaccine, HBV infects 257 million people worldwide and is the cause of the majority of HCC. With an annual mortality rate of 887 000 patients in 2015, this cancer is the second deadliest. Low-income countries such as ones in sub-Saharan Africa are the most at risk due to the limited access to healthcare. To overcome this and born from an international research collaboration within an EU project, the Prolifica study aimed at evaluating a screen-and-treat program to prevent HBV complications, and more particularly HCC. Based on communities, facilities and hospitals HBsAg+ detection, the study lasted from 2011 to 2016. From the "cost effectiveness" feasibility of such a program to the development of simple scores for antiviral treatment, Prolifica uncovered data of crucial importance in a region with low HBV infection awareness, transmissions modes and prevention means which could have impacts on public health policies.

Published
2019
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27. Effectiveness of the prevention of HIV mother -to-child transmission (PMTCT) program via early infant diagnosis (EID) data in Senegal

Author

Gueye, Sokhna Bousso, primary, Diop-Ndiaye, Halimatou, additional, Diouf, Ousmane, additional, Sow-Ndoye, Aissatou, additional, Touré, Fatoumata, additional, Ngom-Faye, Ndèye Fatou, additional, Diagne-Gueye, Diabou, additional, Mbow-Ndiaye, Khady, additional, Niang Diallo, Papa Amadou, additional, Gaye-Diallo, Aïssatou, additional, Mboup, Souleymane, additional, Ndour, Cheikh Tidiane, additional, Boye, Cheikh Saad-Bouh, additional, and Touré-Kane, Coumba, additional

Published
2019
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29. Effectiveness of the Prevention of HIV Mother-To-Child Transmission (PMTCT) Program via Early Infant Diagnosis (EID) data in Senegal v1

Author

Bousso Gueye, Sokhna, primary, Diop-Ndiaye, Halimatou, additional, Diouf, Ousmane, additional, Sow-Ndoye, Aissatou, additional, Touré, Fatoumata, additional, Fatou Ngom-Faye, Ndèye, additional, Diagne-Gueye, Diabou, additional, Mbow-Ndiaye, Khady, additional, Amadou Niang Diallo, Papa, additional, Gaye-Diallo, Aïssatou, additional, Mboup, Souleymane, additional, Saad-Bouh Boye, Cheikh, additional, and Touré-Kane, Coumba, additional

Published
2018
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32. Hepatitis B testing and treatment in HIV patients in The Gambia—Compliance with international guidelines and clinical outcomes

Author

Ndow, Gibril, primary, Gore, Mindy L., additional, Shimakawa, Yusuke, additional, Suso, Penda, additional, Jatta, Abdoulie, additional, Tamba, Saydiba, additional, Sow, Amina, additional, Touré-Kane, Coumba, additional, Sadiq, Fouzia, additional, Sabally, Saihou, additional, Njie, Ramou, additional, Thursz, Mark R., additional, and Lemoine, Maud, additional

Published
2017
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33. Epidemiological and Evolutionary Profile of HIV-HBV Co-Infected Patients Followed at Ambulatory Treatment Center in Fann Hospital Dakar-Senegal

Author

Ngom-Gueye, Ndeye Fatou, primary, Bolti, Mahamat Ali, additional, Ndiaye, Abdoul Aziz, additional, Ndiaye, Kine, additional, Diop, Makhtar Ndiaga, additional, Touré-Kane, Coumba, additional, Diop-Ndiaye, Halimatou, additional, Tidiane Ndour, Cheikh, additional, Seydi, Moussa, additional, and Faye, Mame Awa, additional

Published
2017
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34. Ending AIDS as a public health threat by 2030: Scientific Developments from the 2016 INTEREST Conference in Yaoundé, Cameroon

Author

Hankins, Catherine A, primary, Koulla-Shiro, Sinata, additional, Kilmarx, Peter, additional, Ferrari, Guido, additional, Schechter, Mauro, additional, Touré Kane, Coumba, additional, Venter, François, additional, Boucher, Charles AB, additional, Ross, Anna-Laura, additional, Zewdie, Debrework, additional, Eholié, Serge Paul, additional, and Katabira, Elly, additional

Published
2017
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35. Biologie appliquée de l'infection à VIH et de ses comorbidités en Afrique Ed. 1

Author

Bélec, Laurent, Touré Kane, Coumba, Gershy-Damet, Guy-Michel, Bélec, Laurent, Bélec, Laurent, Touré Kane, Coumba, Gershy-Damet, Guy-Michel, and Bélec, Laurent

Abstract

Biologie appliquée de l'infection à VIH et de ses comorbidités en Afrique est né du travail mené depuis plus de dix ans par les auteurs au sein du Diplôme universitaire de virologie biologique de Dakar, et de leurs efforts pour forger un corpus pédagogique cohérent. Cet ouvrage s'articule autour des trois grands axes développés dans cette formation : un vade-mecum faisant le point sur les connaissances actuelles ; 167 QCM inédits, destinés à renforcer le savoir analytique ; une série d'observations clinicobiologiques, menant le lecteur vers une démarche synthétique intégrant toute la diversité du savoir transmis. Il propose ainsi des solutions techniques, pratiques et pragmatiques applicables au monitoring biologique de l'infection au VIH et de ses comorbidités, et met également en avant les questions non résolues, qui font encore l'objet de débats dans la communauté scientifique et médicale. Publié sous la direction de Souleymane Mboup, Guy-Michel Gershy-Damet, Coumba Touré Kane et Laurent Bélec, l'ouvrage regroupe un ensemble remarquable d'auteurs, tous spécialisés dans leurs domaines, et s'adresse aux praticiens et biologistes, aux étudiants en médecine, biologie et sciences, aux ingénieurs et techniciens supérieurs de laboratoire, aux personnels sociocommunicateurs en charge des malades infectés par le VIH dans les pays du Sud.

Published
2015

39. Field Evaluation of Dried Blood Spots for Routine HIV-1 Viral Load and Drug Resistance Monitoring in Patients Receiving Antiretroviral Therapy in Africa and Asia

Author

Monleau, Marjorie, primary, Aghokeng, Avelin F., additional, Eymard-Duvernay, Sabrina, additional, Dagnra, Anoumou, additional, Kania, Dramane, additional, Ngo-Giang-Huong, Nicole, additional, Touré-Kane, Coumba, additional, Truong, Lien X. T., additional, Chaix, Marie-Laure, additional, Delaporte, Eric, additional, Ayouba, Ahidjo, additional, and Peeters, Martine, additional

Published
2014
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41. Extraordinary Heterogeneity of Virological Outcomes in Patients Receiving Highly Antiretroviral Therapy and Monitored With the World Health Organization Public Health Approach in Sub-Saharan Africa and Southeast Asia.

Author

Aghokeng, Avelin F., Monleau, Marjorie, Eymard-Duvernay, Sabrina, Dagnra, Anoumou, Kania, Dramane, Ngo-Giang-Huong, Nicole, Toni, Thomas D., Touré-Kane, Coumba, Truong, Lien X. T., Delaporte, Eric, Chaix, Marie-Laure, Peeters, Martine, and Ayouba, Ahidjo

Subjects
ANTIRETROVIRAL agents, VIROLOGY, HEALTH outcome assessment, DRUG resistance in microorganisms, PUBLIC health
Abstract

This study, conducted in 7 resource-limited countries with similar policies for antiretroviral treatment (ART) access and monitoring, showed that the frequency of virological failure varied significantly across settings, mostly because of differences in ART program management.Background. The limited access to virological monitoring in developing countries is a major weakness of the current antiretroviral treatment (ART) strategy in these settings. We conducted a large cross-sectional study in Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Cote d'Ivoire, Senegal, Togo, Thailand, and Vietnam to assess virological failure and drug resistance mutations (DRMs) after 12 or 24 months of ART.Methods. Between 2009 and 2011, we recruited adults attending ART centers 10–14 months (the M12 group) or 22–26 months (M24 group) after initiating ART. Demographic and clinical data were collected on site, and viral load was measured. Samples with a viral load of ≥ 1000 copies/mL, considered as the failure threshold, were genotyped for drug resistance assessment.Results. Overall, 3935 patients were recruited (2060 at M12 and 1875 at M24). Median ages varied from 32 to 42 years. Median CD4+ T-cell counts at ART initiation were low (99–172 cells/µL). The main ART regimens included stavudine/zidovudine plus lamivudine plus nevirapine/efavirenz. Overall, virological failure frequency was 11.1% for M12 patients and 12.4% for M24 patients, and 71.0% to 86.1% of these patients, respectively, had drug-resistant virus. Across sites, virological failure varied from 2.9% to 20.6% in M12 patients and from 3.7% to 26.0% in M24 patients. Predominant DRMs were associated with ART regimens, but virus in several patients accumulated DRMs to drugs not received, such as abacavir, didanosine, tenofovir, etravirine, and rilpivirine.Conclusions. Our findings show heterogeneous virological failure and illustrate that, in addition to routine access to viral load, good management of ART programs is even more critical to improve treatment outcomes in resource-limited countries. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Published
2014

42. Sibling status, home birth, tattoos and stitches are risk factors for chronic hepatitis B virus infection in Senegalese children: A cross-sectional survey.

Author

Périères L, Protopopescu C, Lo G, Marcellin F, Ba EH, Coste M, Touré Kane C, Diallo A, Sokhna C, and Boyer S

Subjects
Aged, Child, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Hepatitis B Surface Antigens, Hepatitis B Vaccines, Hepatitis B virus, Humans, Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical, Pregnancy, Prevalence, Risk Factors, Siblings, Hepatitis B, Hepatitis B, Chronic epidemiology, Hepatitis B, Chronic prevention & control, Home Childbirth, Tattooing
Abstract

Sub-Saharan Africa's hepatitis B virus (HBV) burden is primarily due to infection in infancy. However, data on chronic HBV infection prevalence and associated risk factors in children born post-HBV vaccination introduction are scarce. We estimated hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) prevalence and risk factors in Senegalese children born during the HBV vaccination era. In 2018-2019, a community-based cross-sectional survey was conducted in Senegal among children born between 2004 and 2015 (ie after the three-dose HBV vaccine series was introduced (2004) but before the birth dose's introduction (2016)). HBsAg-positive children were identified using dried blood spots. A standardized questionnaire collected socioeconomic information. Data were age-sex weighted and calibrated to be representative of children living in the study area. Risk factors associated with HBsAg positivity were identified using negative binomial regression. Among 1,327 children, 17 were HBsAg-positive (prevalence = 1.23% (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.61-1.85)). Older age (adjusted incidence-rate ratio [aIRR] 1.31 per one-year increase, 95% CI 1.10-1.57), home vs healthcare facility delivery (aIRR 3.55, 95% CI 1.39-9.02), stitches (lifetime) (aIRR 4.79; 95% CI 1.84-12.39), tattoos (aIRR 8.97, 95% CI 1.01-79.11) and having an HBsAg-positive sibling with the same mother (aIRR 3.05, 95% CI 1.09-8.57) were all independently associated with HBsAg positivity. The low HBsAg prevalence highlights the success of the Senegalese HBV vaccination program. To further reduce HBV acquisition in children, high-risk groups, including pregnant women and siblings of HBsAg-positive individuals, must be screened. Vital HBV infection prevention measures include promoting delivery in healthcare facilities, and increasing awareness of prevention and control procedures., (© 2021 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

Published
2021
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43. Hepatitis B Vaccination in Senegalese Children: Coverage, Timeliness, and Sociodemographic Determinants of Non-Adherence to Immunisation Schedules (ANRS 12356 AmBASS Survey).

Author

Périères L, Marcellin F, Lo G, Protopopescu C, Ba EH, Coste M, Touré Kane C, Maradan G, Diallo A, Sokhna C, Boyer S, and On Behalf Of The Anrs AmBASS Survey Study Group

Abstract

Detailed knowledge about hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccination coverage and timeliness for sub-Saharan Africa is scarce. We used data from a community-based cross-sectional survey conducted in 2018-2019 in the area of Niakhar, Senegal, to estimate coverage, timeliness, and factors associated with non-adherence to the World Health Organisation-recommended vaccination schedules in children born in 2016 (year of the birth dose (BD) introduction in Senegal) and 2017-2018. Vaccination status was assessed from vaccination cards, surveillance data, and healthcare post vaccination records. Among 241 children with available data, for 2016 and 2017-2018, respectively, 31.0% and 66.8% received the BD within 24 h of birth (BD schedule), and 24.3% and 53.7% received the BD plus at least two pentavalent vaccine doses within the recommended timeframes (three-dose schedule). In logistic regression models, home birth, dry season birth, and birth in 2016 were all associated with non-adherence to the recommended BD and three-dose schedules. Living over three kilometres from the nearest healthcare post, being the firstborn, and living in an agriculturally poorer household were only associated with non-adherence to the three-dose schedule. The substantial proportion of children not vaccinated according to recommended schedules highlights the importance of considering vaccination timeliness when evaluating vaccination programme effectiveness. Outreach vaccination activities and incentives to bring children born at home to healthcare facilities within 24 h of birth, must be strengthened to improve timely HBV vaccination.

Published
2021
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44. Drug resistance mutations and genetic diversity in adults treated for HIV type 1 infection in Mauritania.

Author

Fall-Malick FZ, Tchiakpé E, Ould Soufiane S, Diop-Ndiaye H, Mouhamedoune Baye A, Ould Horma Babana A, Touré Kane C, Lo B, and Mboup S

Subjects
Adult, Cluster Analysis, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Genotype, Genotyping Techniques, HIV-1 classification, HIV-1 drug effects, HIV-1 isolation & purification, Humans, Male, Mauritania, Middle Aged, Phylogeny, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Sequence Analysis, DNA, Time Factors, Viral Load, Young Adult, Anti-HIV Agents therapeutic use, Drug Resistance, Viral, Genetic Variation, HIV Infections drug therapy, HIV Infections virology, HIV-1 genetics, Mutation, Missense
Abstract

The aim of this cross-sectional study was to evaluate the drug resistance mutationprofile observed in patients receiving antiretroviral therapy with virological failure and to document the HIV-1 genetic diversity in Mauritania. Eighty-six subjects were included and 65 samples were amplified successfully and sequenced. HIV-1 genotyping was performed using the Agence Nationale de Recherche sur le SIDA AC11 resistance procedure. The median treatment duration was 32 months (range: 6-88) and the median viral load, 5 log10 copies/ml (range: 3.13-7). Fifty-nine patients (90.8%) were on first line regimens including 32.0% (19/59) on triomune fixed-dose and six on second-line therapy with NonNucleoside Reverse Transcriptase plus a protease inhibitor. Forty-seven patients (72.3%) had at least one drug resistance mutation including 73.0% (43/59) on first-line therapy. For the second-line, one out of six patients presented resistance mutations and only one presented PI DRM. Overall, the most common DRMs detected were M184V/I (n = 32; 49.2%), K103N (n = 28; 43%), and Y181C (n = 13; 20%). Thymidine Analog Mutations (TAMs) were found in 26.0% (n = 17) of strains and the most common was T215Y (n = 11, 16.9%). Phylogenetic analysis revealed 17 HIV-1 variants with the predominance of CRF02&#95;AG (n = 42; 64.6%). A high rate of DRM was found in this study and shows the potential need for a structured virological surveillance including viral load quantification and genotyping. Further studies may also be needed in regards to the great variability of HIV-1 strains in Mauritania., (© 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.)

Published
2014
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45. The case for addressing primary resistance mutations to non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors to treat children born from mothers living with HIV in sub-Saharan Africa.

Author

Kébé K, Bélec L, Diop Ndiaye H, Bousso Gueye S, Abdallah Malick Diouara A, Ngom S, Rama Diagne Gueye N, Mbaye N, Signaté Sy H, Mboup S, and Touré Kane C

Subjects
Female, Genotype, HIV Infections virology, HIV-1 genetics, Humans, Infant, Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical, Male, Mutation, Senegal epidemiology, Anti-HIV Agents therapeutic use, Drug Resistance, Viral genetics, HIV Infections drug therapy, HIV-1 drug effects, Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors therapeutic use
Abstract

The prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) drug resistance mutations (DRMs) was estimated in 25 untreated infants who were living with HIV-1, younger than 13 months and living in Senegal. Antiretroviral DRMs were detected in 8 of 25 (32%) children. Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) DRMs were present in all (100%) children whose viruses harboured DRMs: K103N in 43%; Y181C, K101E and V106M each in 29%; and Y188L in 14%. The D67N thymidine-analogue mutation was observed in only two children whose mothers had received chemoprophylaxis of mother-to-child transmission (MTCT). The proportion of children whose viruses harboured DRMs was then 6.5-fold higher in children whose mother-child couples had received nevirapine (NVP)-based chemoprophylaxis than in other couples without prophylaxis [7 of 13 (53.8%) vs. 1 of 12 (8.3%)]. These findings point to the absolute need to address primary resistance mutations in case of virological failure in young children treated by antiretroviral drugs, and to make more effective treatment regimens available to NVP-exposed infants living with HIV-1 in Senegal.

Published
2014
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