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Active flow control is experimentally investigated on a car-type bluff body. The actuation is based on a synthetic jet actuator placed at the top of the Ahmed body rear window. In the present paper, a synthetic jet characterization is presented, the frequencies and the optimal amplitudes with regard to the spatial evolution are analyzed. All the measurements are carried out in a wind tunnel at Reynolds numbers based on the body length between 106 and 3 106. The bluff body shows a maximum drag reduction of 10% when optimal control is applied. Independent effect of the reduced frequency and the momentum coefficient actuation parameters on the drag reduction are also detailed in the present paper. This reduction induces changes in the flow field due to the piezoelectric actuation. The flow topology modification is investigated via particle image velocimetry measurements in order to estimate the flow response to a local excitation and to understand the mechanism involved in the aerodynamic drag control. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: In x Ga1−x As/GaAs pseudomorphic structures were grown by metalorganic vapor phase epitaxy. Reciprocal space mapping were recorded in the vicinity of (004) and (115) nodes using high resolution X-ray diffraction (HRXRD) in order to determine strain tensor components, indium compositions and thicknesses of alloys. Near-infrared photoluminescence (PL) was performed at 10K. The impact of strain on PL response was revealed by peak energy positions and line width. In addition, valence-band splitting (VBS) and the shift of the heavy-hole were measured. Besides, photoreflectance (PR) at room temperature was useful to establish experimentally the dependence of VBS and band energy shifts (E 0 and E 0+∆ 0) on elastic strain due to lattice mismatches. Other parameters such as the internal electric-field and the electro-optical energy were determined from Franz–Keldysh oscillations analysis. Good correlation between the results obtained from all investigated techniques and theoretical predictions was confirmed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Highlights: [•] Optical properties of In.08Ga.92As/GaAs grown by MOVPE have been investigated. [•] Spectral- and Photo-reflectance as well as Photoluminescence were used in this work. [•] Good correlation between results provided by different characterization techniques. [•] Origins of 12K luminescence peaks (1.42, 1.38 and 1.29eV) have been identified. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: Leiomyosarcomas are relatively rare uterine smooth muscle tumors. Surgery is the most common therapy choice for uterine leiomyosarcomas. However, controversy exists over the appropriate initial surgical management, especially about the role of lymph node sampling. The aim of our study is to analyze the prognostic factors and the role of lymphadenectomy in overall survival and in disease-free survival. Methods: We analyzed retrospectively 31 patients suffering from uterine leiomyosarcomas at Institute of Salah Azaiez during 2000–2014. Demographic and clinical features such as age, menopausal status, stage, tumor size, and management options were examined, and pathological characteristics such as mitotic count, lymphovascular space invasion, and tumor necrosis were evaluated. Results: Out of 31 patients treated for uterine leiomyosarcomas, pelvic lymphadenectomy was done for 18 patients. No para-aortic lymphadenectomy was performed. Median number of resected lymph nodes was 13 ± 7 (range: 3–27). Lymphatic metastasis was observed in 2 out of 18 patients with clinical stage IA and IIIB. The distribution of different variables (age, International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics stage, tumor size, mitotic count, and adjuvant treatment) between the group of patients, who had or had not lymphadenectomy done, had no significant difference. The 5-year overall survival and disease-free survival were 61% and 50%, respectively. Clinical stage, presence of lymphovascular space invasion, and lymph nodal dissection were found to be relevant for disease-free survival on univariate analysis. Only age and menopausal status were found to be a prognostic factor for overall survival. Conclusion: Hence, routine lymph node dissection was not generally recommended. Our study demonstrates that lymphadenectomy has a statistically significant effect on disease-free survival but not on overall survival.

Optical properties of InxGa1-xAs films grown on GaAs substrates by metalorganic vapor phase epitaxy were investigated. Spectral reflectance (SR) and photoreflectance (PR) at room temperature and near-infrared photoluminescence (PL) at 10K were performed. SR signals in the range of 200-1700nm provided the x-dependence of the critical point energies E1, E1+Δ1 and E2. Furthermore, band-gap and spin-orbit splitting energies, as well as their broadening parameters were determined from PR spectra and studied as function of In composition ranging from 0 to 0.37. On the other hand, the origins of luminescence bands observed in PL spectra were revealed. A redshift of 16meV/%In in the band-to-band transition was obtained. All results issued from different characterizations tools are correlated and compared to the literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The challenge of die and mold milling is to achieve the specified dimensional and geometrical accuracy, and improve the surface roughness, in order to minimize polishing operations, still necessary to meet the tight tolerances required by the automotive industry and the plastic injection sector. The present study investigates the multi-axis milling of a specific mold steel grade Super Plast ® 300* (SP300) , by a ball nose carbide tool coated with Ti(CN). Surface finish analysis given by 3D measurements and data processing techniques shows that micro-geometrical defects generated by C1 continuous tool path are definitely less serious than those obtained by classical tool paths driven via linear interpolation. Also, polishing time saving is more than 30%. Thus, a substantial productivity enhancement is achieved in dies and molds manufacturing. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Background: Inborn errors of immunity (IEI) predispose patients to various infectious and non-infectious complications. Thanks to the development and expanding use of flow cytometry and increased awareness, the diagnostic rate of IEI has markedly increased in Algeria the last decade., Aim: This study aimed to describe a large cohort of Algerian patients with probable IEI and to determine their clinical characteristics and outcomes., Methods: We collected and analyzed retrospectively the demographic data, clinical manifestations, immunologic, genetic data, and outcome of Algerian IEI patients - diagnosed in the department of medical immunology of Beni Messous university hospital center, Algiers, from 2008 to 2021., Results: Eight hundred and seven patients with IEI (482 males and 325 females) were enrolled, 9.7% of whom were adults. Consanguinity was reported in 50.3% of the cases and a positive family history in 32.34%. The medium age at disease onset was 8 months and at diagnosis was 36 months. The median delay in diagnosis was 16 months. Combined immunodeficiencies were the most frequent (33.8%), followed by antibody deficiencies (24.5%) and well-defined syndromes with immunodeficiency (24%). Among 287 patients tested for genetic disorders, 129 patients carried pathogenic mutations; 102 having biallelic variants mostly in a homozygous state (autosomal recessive disorders). The highest mortality rate was observed in patients with combined immunodeficiency (70.1%), especially in patients with severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID), Omenn syndrome, or Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) class II deficiency., Conclusion: The spectrum of IEI in Algeria is similar to that seen in most countries of the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region, notably regarding the frequency of autosomal recessive and/or combined immunodeficiencies., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2022 Belaid, Lamara Mahammed, Drali, Oussaid, Touri, Melzi, Dehimi, Berkani, Merah, Larab, Allam, Khemici, Kirane, Boutaba, Belbouab, Bekkakcha, Guedouar, Chelali, Baamara, Noui, Baaziz, Rezak, Azzouz, Aichaoui, Moktefi, Benhatchi, Oussalah, Benaissa, Laredj, Bouchetara, Adria, Habireche, Tounsi, Dahmoun, Touati, Boucenna, Bouferoua, Sekfali, Bouhafs, Aboura, Kherra, Inouri, Dib, Medouri, Khelfaoui, Redjedal, Zelaci, Yahiaoui, Medjadj, Touhami, Kadi, Amireche, Frada, Houasnia, Benarab, Boubidi, Ferhani, Benalioua, Sokhal, Benamar, Aggoune, Hadji, Bellouti, Rahmoune, Boutrid, Okka, Ammour, Saadoune, Amroun, Belhadj, Ghanem, Abbaz, Boudrioua, Zebiche, Ayad, Hamadache, Ouaras, Achour, Bouchair, Boudiaf, Bekkat-Berkani, Maouche, Bouzrar, Aissat, Ibsaine, Bioud, Kedji, Dahlouk, Bensmina, Radoui, Bessahraoui, Bensaadi, Mekki, Zeroual, Chan, Leung, Tebaibia, Ayoub, Mekideche, Gharnaout, Casanova, Puel, Lau, Cherif, Ladj, Smati, Boukari, Benhalla and Djidjik.)

Background: The purpose of this work was to identify the results of pelvic exenteration for recurrent, persistent or locally advanced cervical cancer in terms of survival performed for 41 patients in Salah Azaiez Institute., Patients and Methods: We conducted a retrospective unicentric study. The association between PE and OS was estimated using the method of Kaplan-Meier using SPSS ver 24., Results: Median age at the time of intervention was 53.9 years old. FIGO stage IIB was the most frequent (46.3%). Eighteen patients had pelvic exenteration after neoadjuvant treatment. Resection margins were free of tumor in 83.3% of cases. Twenty-three patients underwent pelvic exenteration for recurrence of cervical cancer treated. The median time of recurrence was 23.4 months. Free resection margins were obtained in 69.5% of cases. Postoperative complications were noted in 61% of patients. Two deaths were seen in the early postoperative period. After a median follow-up of 40.5 months, 24.4% of recurrences were noted. Overall survival at 5 years was 51% and recurrence-free survival at one year was 39%. Prognostic factors which impact overall and recurrence-free survival were the size of recurrence and resection margins after exenteration. The time between the end of initial treatment and recurrence was the only predictive factor of recurrence after pelvic exenteration., Conclusion: Pelvic exenteration remains a curative treatment of cervical cancer in certain indications despite high morbidity. A rigorous preoperative selection of candidate may reduce the morbidity and improve the survival of patients., Competing Interests: Conflict of interestThe authors declare that they have no conflict of interest., (© Federation of Obstetric & Gynecological Societies of India 2021.)

This study evaluated the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties of seeds aglycone extracts from Lepidium sativum (LS) and Eruca vesicaria (EV) Linn ., on oxidative damages in vitro and on neutrophil nitro-oxidative functions. The results showed that LS and EV aglycone extracts attenuated liver microsomal lipids and proteins oxidation through a potent antioxidant effect as attested by the dose dependent quenching of DPPH radical scavenging activity. LS and EV aglycone extracts inhibited dose dependently the production of superoxide anion by BALB/c mice-derived peritoneal neutrophils, whereas they slightly enhanced exocytosis of myeloperoxidase (MPO), a marker of azurophilic granules. Interestingly, only LS replenished glutathione (GSH) and nitric oxide levels, indicating a fine differential effect. This study highlighted the subtle oxidative and antioxidant capacity of LS and EV seeds aglycone extracts. These health promoting compounds could be used to finely modulate critical events involved in microbial infection, inflammation and nitro-oxidative stress., Competing Interests: Conflict of interestAll authors declare that there is no conflict of interest., (© Association of Food Scientists & Technologists (India) 2019.)

This study investigates serum redox status and adenosine catabolism markers in relation to tumor and angiogenesis, in patients with gallbladder carcinoma (GBC). The level of adenosine deaminase (ADA) and xanthine oxidase (XO) activities, nitrites (NO2 - ), glutathione (GSH) and malondialdehyde (MDA) were measured in sera of 40 GBC patients and 40 healthy donors. In parallel, 15 tumors at TNM stage IV were scored for CD34 expression and microvessel density (MVD). The results showed that XO and ADA activities, nitrites and MDA levels enhanced by 1.26 (p < 0.01), 2.69, 2.0, and 3.2-fold (p < 0.001), respectively, while those of GSH decreased by 44.6% (p < 0.001). According to receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, the optimal cut-off for XO, ADA, MDA, GSH and nitrites were 5.41U/l, 17.02 U/l, 3.72 μM, 36.91 μM and 21.21 μM, respectively. Spearman correlation revealed that ADA activity correlated to nitrites levels (r = 0.3419, p < 0.05) and XO activity (r = 0.5487, p < 0.001). Multivariate binary logistic regression analysis revealed that MDA (OR = 5.78, p < 0.05), ADA (OR = 1.28, p < 0.001) and XO (OR = 2.81, p < 0.05) correlated positively to GBC. CD34 was up expressed in 73.3% of tumors at intermediate to high levels. Multiple regression analysis showed that ADA affected MVD (r = 0.604, p < 0.01). The results suggest that high MDA/GSH ratio is a potential biomarker of GBC. In addition, the oxidative adenosine catabolism indicated that active purine salvage pathway could support tumor progression by sustaining angiogenesis., Competing Interests: The authors report no conflicts of interest in this work.

Adenoid cystic carcinoma is an uncommon malignant neoplasm of the salivary gland. Liver metastasis from salivary gland cancer is a rare situation. In this article, we report the case of a 29-year-old woman treated 5 years previously for adenoid cystic carcinoma of the parotid gland by surgery and radiotherapy, who presented for a large hypervascularized hepatic metastasis of 20 cm. After 3-cycle chemotherapy stability, hepatic surgery was successfully performed. The patient maintained disease-free period of 12 months after the surgical treatment. This rare case represents a therapeutic challenge for oncologists and surgeons. Through this case and a review of the literature, we try to better detail the management of this uncommon entity.