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207 results on '"Tougas, Gervais"'

6. Optimal electrical stimulation modality for cortical esophageal evoked potentials: transmural or intraesophageal?

Author

Kamath, Markad V., Hollerbach, Stephan, Spaziani, Robert, Shine, Glenn, Upton, Adrian R.M., and Tougas, Gervais

Subjects
Heart beat, Gastrointestinal system, Esophagus, Electrotherapeutics, Electric stimulation, Biomedical engineering, Biological sciences, Business, Computers, Health care industry
Abstract

Esophageal electrical stimulation using short and a relatively small number of (200 [micro]s, 0.2 Hz, n = 25) electrical pulses generates a characteristic and well defined cortical evoked potential response (EP). There are two methods of stimulation: either through intraesophageal electrodes or with transmural electrodes. The objective of this paper is to compare EP response, sensations and heart rate variability power spectra elicited by both stimulation modalities in healthy volunteers. Our results suggest that transmural stimulation is more accurately perceived and at lower intensities, produces more reproducible peaks of higher amplitude than during intraesophageal stimulation. During either mode of esophageal stimulation, power within the high-frequency component of the heart rate variability power spectrum is enhanced. Index Terms--Cortical evoked potentials, esophageal electrical stimulation, gastrointestinal stimulation, heart rate variability power spectrum.

Published
2005

10. Secukinumab, a human anti-IL-17A monoclonal antibody, for moderate to severe Crohnʼs disease: unexpected results of a randomised, double-blind placebo-controlled trial

Author

Hueber, Wolfgang, Sands, Bruce E, Lewitzky, Steve, Vandemeulebroecke, Marc, Reinisch, Walter, Higgins, Peter D R, Wehkamp, Jan, Feagan, Brian G, Yao, Michael D, Karczewski, Marek, Karczewski, Jacek, Pezous, Nicole, Bek, Stephan, Bruin, Gerard, Mellgard, Bjoern, Berger, Claudia, Londei, Marco, Bertolino, Arthur P, Tougas, Gervais, and Travis, Simon P L

Published
2012
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11. Pseudoaffective cardioautonomic responses to gastric distension in rats

Author

Tougas, Gervais and Wang, Lu

Subjects
Nociceptors -- Physiological aspects, Vagus nerve -- Physiological aspects, Capsaicin -- Physiological aspects, Rats -- Physiological aspects, Biological sciences
Abstract

The heart rate response to gastric distension, the participation of vagal and sympathetic sensory afferents, adrenergic and cholinergic neural pathways, and the effects of capsaicin on this response in anesthetized rats were investigated. Findings showed that unmyelinated, capsaicin-sensitive vagal afferents are important to the pseudoaffective cardioautonomic response to a noxious gastric stimulus.

Published
1999

18. Cerebral-evoked potential responses following direct vagal and esophageal electrical stimulation in humans

Author

Tougas, Gervais, Hudoba, Peter, Fitzpatrick, Debbie, Hunt, Richard H., and Upton, Adrian R.M.

Subjects
Esophagus -- Research, Afferent pathways -- Research, Electric stimulation -- Physiological aspects, Biological sciences
Abstract

Electrical esophageal induction and direct electrical vagal induction yield reactions caused by a cortical factor which are similar. Vagal afferent function can be studied in an indirect and comparatively objective manner by examining the esophageal reactions caused by electricity. The reaction caused by the cortical factor is controlled by the vagal after it is induced by the esophagus. Reactions derived from epileptics and from healthy nonepileptic, nonmedicated subjects show substantial retardation in the latencies due to the acute and chronic influences of anticonsultant therapy.

Published
1993

22. Procollagen type I N-terminal propeptide (PINP) is a marker for fibrogenesis in bile duct ligation-induced fibrosis in rats

Author

Veidal, Sanne Skovgård, Vassiliadis, Efstathios, Bay-Jensen, Anne-Christine, Tougas, Gervais, Vainer, Ben, Karsdal, Morten Asser, Veidal, Sanne Skovgård, Vassiliadis, Efstathios, Bay-Jensen, Anne-Christine, Tougas, Gervais, Vainer, Ben, and Karsdal, Morten Asser

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Fibrosis can be described as the excess deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM) components, such as collagens and proteoglycans. Fibrosis of the liver, which eventually leads to cirrhosis, is a major global health problem. Being able to measure fibrosis progression may enable timely preventative intervention. The aim of the current study was to investigate the utility of serum procollagen type I N-terminal propeptide (PINP) as a marker of hepatic fibrosis, as distinct from bone formation, during three different periods of fibrosis development following hepatic injury induced by bile duct ligation (BDL) in rats.METHODS: BDL was performed on 30 female Sprague-Dawley rats aged 6 months, and sham operations on 30 controls. Animals were killed after 14, 28, or 35 days. The extent of liver fibrosis was evaluated by quantitative histology after Sirus Red staining. Levels of serum PINP and osteocalcin (a marker solely for osteoblastic bone formation) were determined using ELISA at baseline and post termination.RESULTS: Collagen formation increased by 30% compared to 3% in sham-operated animals (P < 0.0001). PINP levels increased significantly in all BDL groups compared with baseline (14 days: baseline 13.9 ng/ml, termination 17.7 ng/ml, P = 0.047; 28 days: baseline 17.9 ng/ml, termination 26.2 ng/ml, P = 0.005; 35 days: baseline 18.0 ng/ml, termination 27.4 ng/ml P = 0.015, an increase of 52%). PINP levels did not change from baseline in the sham-operated rats, indicating that the increased PINP levels were due to hepatic injury. The bone-specific marker, osteocalcin, did not increase in either BDL or sham-operated rats. PINP measured in serum correlated to the extent of liver fibrosis as evaluated by quantitative histology (R2 = 0.42, P < 0.001).CONCLUSION: PINP was associated with the development of liver fibrosis, but not bone formation, in mature rats subjected to BDL. Thus, PINP may be useful in studying the pathogenesis of li

Published
2010

23. Serum markers of liver fibrosis:combining the BIPED classification and the neo-epitope approach in the development of new biomarkers

Author

Veidal, Sanne Skovgård, Bay-Jensen, Anne-Christine, Tougas, Gervais, Karsdal, Morten Asser, Vainer, Ben, Veidal, Sanne Skovgård, Bay-Jensen, Anne-Christine, Tougas, Gervais, Karsdal, Morten Asser, and Vainer, Ben

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Fibrosis is a central histological feature of chronic liver diseases and is characterized by the accumulation and reorganization of the extracellular matrix. The gold standard for assessment of fibrosis is histological evaluation of a percutaneous liver biopsy. Albeit a considerable effort have been invested in finding alternative non-invasive approaches, these have not been sufficiently successful to replace biopsy assessment.AIM: To identify the extracellular matrix proteins of interest, that as protein degradation fragments produced during extracellular matrix metabolism neo-epitopes, may be targeted for novel biochemical marker development in fibrosis. We used the recently proposed BIPED system (Burden of disease, Investigative, Prognostic, Efficacy and Diagnostic) to characterise present serological markers.METHODS: Pubmed was search for keywords; Liver fibrosis, neo-epitopes, biomarkers, clinical trail, extra cellular matrix, protease, degradation, fragment.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Implementation of BIPED categorization in the development and validation of fibrosis biomarkers to simplify and standardize the use of existing and future biomarkers seems advantageous. In addition, a systematic use of the neo-epitope approach, i.e. the quantification of peptide epitopes generated from enzymatic cleavage of proteins during extracellular remodeling, may prove productive in the quest to find new markers of liver fibrosis.

Published
2010

28. RAPID GASTRIC EMPTYING

Author

Abell, Thomas L., primary, Tougas, Gervais, additional, Chen, Ying, additional, Al-Juburi, Amar, additional, Minocha, Anil, additional, and Starkebaum, Warren, additional

Published
2004
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29. LOWER GI SYMPTOMS

Author

Hunt, Richard, primary, Dhaliwal, Surinder, additional, Tougas, Gervais, additional, Pedro, Carmen, additional, Labbe, Jean-Francois, additional, Paul, Heidi, additional, and Ennamorato, Michael, additional

Published
2004
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31. Reply

Author

Abell, Thomas, primary, Mccallum, Richard, additional, Hocking, Michael, additional, Koch, Kenneth, additional, Abrahamson, Hasse, additional, Leblanc, Isabelle, additional, Lindberg, Greger, additional, Konturek, Jan, additional, Stade, Elbe Kliniken, additional, Nowak, Thomas, additional, Quigley, Eammon M.M., additional, Tougas, Gervais, additional, and Starkebaum, Warren, additional

Published
2004
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33. Reply

Author

Abell, Thomas, primary, Van Cutsem, Eric, additional, Abrahamsson, Hasse, additional, Huizinga, Jan D, additional, Konturek, J.W, additional, Galmiche, Jean Paul, additional, Voeller, Guy, additional, Filez, Ludo, additional, Everts, Bernt, additional, Waterfall, William E, additional, Domschke, W, additional, Des Varannes, Stanislas Bruley, additional, Familoni, Babajide O, additional, Bourgeois, Ivan M, additional, Janssens, Jozef, additional, and Tougas, Gervais, additional

Published
2003
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35. Gastric electrical stimulation for medically refractory gastroparesis

Author

Abell, Thomas, primary, McCallum, Richard, additional, Hocking, Michael, additional, Koch, Kenneth, additional, Abrahamsson, Hasse, additional, LeBlanc, Isabelle, additional, Lindberg, Greger, additional, Konturek, Jan, additional, Nowak, Thomas, additional, Quigley, Eammon M.M, additional, Tougas, Gervais, additional, and Starkebaum, Warren, additional

Published
2003
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49. Gastric Electrical Stimulation in Intractable Symptomatic Gastroparesis

Author

Abell, Thomas L., primary, van Cutsem, Eric, additional, Abrahamsson, Hasse, additional, Huizinga, Jan D., additional, Konturek, J.W., additional, Galmiche, Jean Paul, additional, VoelIer, Guy, additional, Filez, Ludo, additional, Everts, Bernt, additional, Waterfall, William E., additional, Domschke, W., additional, Bruley des Varannes, Stanislas, additional, Familoni, Babajide O., additional, Bourgeois, Ivan M., additional, Janssens, Jozef, additional, and Tougas, Gervais, additional

Published
2002
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