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This study employs a stochastic production frontier framework to measure productivity growth among exporters, non‐exporters, and firms experiencing ownership changes through mergers and acquisitions in US food manufacturing. Analyzing a panel data set that integrates Economic Censuses and transaction‐level exports, the results reveal the coexistence of more productive exporters, driven by technical efficiency, alongside less productive non‐exporters. Exporters in arm's length transactions show productivity growth driven by technical efficiency change, while those in related party transactions benefit mainly from technological change. Firms undergoing ownership changes exhibit positive productivity growth with a greater contribution from technical efficiency compared to those without such changes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The current paper ascertains the effectiveness of exports, foreign direct investment (FDI), R&D, and human capital on total factor productivity (TFP) growth in Pakistan. The Tornqvist expression of TFP growth has been applied in the first stage, whereas ordinary least squares (OLS) have been used in the second stage to search for possible determinants of TFP, in the long run, using data from 1991 to 2021. According to the results, physical capital and human capital have emerged as the most contributory factors toward output growth in Pakistan. The positive contributions of TFP in the growth of output have been observed during 2001–2005 and 2016–2021. Further, TFP growth is observed to be positively correlated with growth in physical capital, human capital, and FDI. According to the empirical results, physical capital, labor, and human capital have emerged as highly significant determinants of TFP, whereas exports possess weak significance albeit having favorable signs. Contrary to the finding of other studies in many other countries, R&D and FDI have no significant impact on TFP in Pakistan, which is mainly due to the stagnant level of R&D and fluctuating FDI during recent years. The study recommends the use of human capital as a strategic tool to promote growth in output as well as TFP on a sustainable basis in Pakistan. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigates the impact of gender diversity on firm productivity following foreign direct investment (FDI) spillover. Using Indonesian firm‐level datasets from 2011 to 2015, we employ gender spillovers to assess women's distinct contributions to labor spillovers, often manifested through their impacts on productivity, knowledge sharing, and innovation. A fixed‐effects estimator using Driscoll and Kraay's standard errors was employed to deal with cross‐sectional dependence. We first examined the intra‐industry spillover effects of FDI, followed by spatial spillovers, to evaluate the influence of one province's productivity changes on neighboring provinces. Our findings reveal significant gender‐driven FDI spillovers in the spatial dimension but not within the sector. The consistent results across subsamples (impacts on domestic firms, Java‐non‐Java Island, feminization degree, and industrial technology intensity) align with theoretical studies that emphasize the influence of geographical proximity on FDI spillovers. No significant intra‐industry spillover effects were observed. Further exploration of informal channels, possibly mediating spillover effectiveness, is recommended to provide insights into the observed sectoral dynamics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The efficient and sustainable management of forestry resources is crucial in ensuring economic and societal sustainability. The Chinese government has invested significantly in regulations, afforestation, and technology to enhance the forest resource efficiency, reduce technological disparities, and boost productivity growth. However, the success level of this undertaking is unclear and worth exploring. To this end, this study applied DEA-SBM, meta-frontier analysis, and the Malmquist productivity index to gauge the forest resource efficiency (FRE), regional technology heterogeneity (TGR), and total factor productivity growth (MI) in 31 Chinese provinces for a study period of 2001–2020. Results revealed that the average FRE was 0.5430, with potential growth of 45.70%, to enhance the efficiency level in forestry resource utilization. Anhui, Tibet, Fujian, Shanghai, and Hainan were found to be the top performers in forestry utilization during the study period. The southern forest region was ranked highest, with the highest TGR of 0.915, indicating advanced production technologies. The average MI score was 0.9644, signifying a 3.56% decline in forestry resource productivity. This deterioration is primarily attributed to technological change (TC), which decreased by 5.2%, while efficiency change (EC) witnessed 1.74% growth over the study period. The Southern Chinese forest region, indicating an average 3.06% increase in total factor productivity, ranked highest in all four regions. Guangxi, Tianjin, Shandong, Chongqing, and Jiangxi were the top performers, with prominent growth in MI. Finally, the Kruskal–Wallis test found a significant statistical difference among all four regions for FRE and TGR. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Reducing the level of climate change and its effects on social, economic and environmental spheres is a key condition to achieve sustainable development goals in developing countries. This paper aims to analyse the effect of stringent environmental policy on the sustainable creation of wealth in developing countries. It focuses on the effect of multilateral environmental agreements on total factor productivity growth. An empirical analysis is conducted on panel data using a sample of 74 countries between 1995 and 2017. A quadratic regression is performed on a fixed-effects panel model, as well as on a Durbin spatial panel model using ordinary least squares, two-stage least squares and maximum likelihood. The results obtained show that MEA has a positive nonlinear short-term effect and a negative long-term effect on the growth of TFP in DCs. However, the long-term marginal effect increases with the foreign directs investments net inflows. Moreover, the results indicate that the spatial interdependencies between DCs are such that the participation of one DC in MEA favours the growth of TFP of its neighbouring countries. The paper also finds that the effect of MEA on the growth of TFP decreases with the country level of development, while this effect is greater in African and Latin America countries than in Asian and European developing countries. It is therefore recommended that developing countries join MEAs while improving their attractiveness to FDI through the improvement of the institutional framework and the promotion of good governance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AbstractThis paper investigates total factor productivity growth (TFPG) and its determinants in the Indonesian palm oil sector industries. TFPG is estimated using a growth accounting method. This paper applies the fixed effects model to investigate the determinants of the TFPG. The data is sourced from a manufacturing survey of the Indonesian Bureau of Central Statistics (Badan Pusat Statistika/BPS) for the period 2000–2017. This paper finds that the TFPG of the Indonesian palm oil industry is relatively low. Moreover, output growth, output per worker, export activity, and wages per worker have significant effects on the TFPG. The effect of output growth, which is dominated by the large use of inputs, raises concerns in the aspect of environmental sustainability due to uncontrolled land expansion.

Background: Given the several health policy reforms in various countries in the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) era, the need for efficient and productive health systems has become of great concern. This is even more urgent in African Least Developed Countries (African LDCs) that need to improve the health of their populations. Thus, the objective of this study is to assess the total factor productivity growth of health systems of 29 African Least Developed Countries for the 2008-2018 period. Methods: The study uses data from the World Bank and the World Health Organization. Using the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) Malmquist index, the inputs that were used in the study included domestic general government health expenditure, domestic private health expenditure, external health expenditure and out of pocket health expenditure while the outputs were life expectancy at birth, maternal mortality rate, under five mortality rate, and infant mortality rate. Results: Sixteen African LDCs registered progress in the total factor productivity growth of their health systems while thirteen registered a decline the total factor productivity growth of their health systems. Overall, there was 0.3% average increase in total factor productivity growth of health systems in African LDCs. This was attributed to a 1.2% increase in technical efficiency change and a 0.9% average decrease in the technical change of health systems in African LDCs. Conclusions: African LDCs with less productive health systems are advised to bench mark the policies of African LDCs with productive health systems.

Optimizing the industry development system and implementing a high-quality development strategy in China's coal industry require us to grasp the overall status and regional differences of industrial development. Measuring and decomposing the total factor productivity growth of the coal industry is a necessary prerequisite. In this study, we estimated the total factor productivity (TFP) growth of coal industry in 24 major coal-producing provinces in China by constructing a stochastic frontier analysis (SFA) model based on a translog production function and decomposed it into technological progress change (TC), technical efficiency change (TE), scale efficiency change (SE), and factor allocation efficiency (AE). After analyzing the temporal evolution characteristics of TFP growth and its decomposition terms, we also characterized the spatial characteristics by region and province. The results showed that TFP growth in China's coal industry is on the rise, with TC growth being the main driving factor of this; additionally, the weak growth of SE and AE also plays a limited role in this increase, while the decrease in TE hinders this trend. There are also significant regional differences in the TFP growth of China's coal industry, with a ranking of central > west > east > northeast. Drivers of TFP growth vary between regions or in different provinces within the same region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The efficient and sustainable management of forestry resources is crucial in ensuring economic and societal sustainability. The Chinese government has invested significantly in regulations, afforestation, and technology to enhance the forest resource efficiency, reduce technological disparities, and boost productivity growth. However, the success level of this undertaking is unclear and worth exploring. To this end, this study applied DEA-SBM, meta-frontier analysis, and the Malmquist productivity index to gauge the forest resource efficiency (FRE), regional technology heterogeneity (TGR), and total factor productivity growth (MI) in 31 Chinese provinces for a study period of 2001–2020. Results revealed that the average FRE was 0.5430, with potential growth of 45.70%, to enhance the efficiency level in forestry resource utilization. Anhui, Tibet, Fujian, Shanghai, and Hainan were found to be the top performers in forestry utilization during the study period. The southern forest region was ranked highest, with the highest TGR of 0.915, indicating advanced production technologies. The average MI score was 0.9644, signifying a 3.56% decline in forestry resource productivity. This deterioration is primarily attributed to technological change (TC), which decreased by 5.2%, while efficiency change (EC) witnessed 1.74% growth over the study period. The Southern Chinese forest region, indicating an average 3.06% increase in total factor productivity, ranked highest in all four regions. Guangxi, Tianjin, Shandong, Chongqing, and Jiangxi were the top performers, with prominent growth in MI. Finally, the Kruskal–Wallis test found a significant statistical difference among all four regions for FRE and TGR.

This paper investigates total factor productivity growth (TFPG) and its determinants in the Indonesian palm oil sector industries. TFPG is estimated using a growth accounting method. This paper applies the fixed effects model to investigate the determinants of the TFPG. The data is sourced from a manufacturing survey of the Indonesian Bureau of Central Statistics (Badan Pusat Statistika/BPS) for the period 2000–2017. This paper finds that the TFPG of the Indonesian palm oil industry is relatively low. Moreover, output growth, output per worker, export activity, and wages per worker have significant effects on the TFPG. The effect of output growth, which is dominated by the large use of inputs, raises concerns in the aspect of environmental sustainability due to uncontrolled land expansion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study analyses changes in total factor productivity (TFP) of grains as an aggregate commodity and major grain crops including rice, wheat, and corn, using pooled provincial and time‐series data from 1980 to 2018 for China. Results show that the growth of TFP in the grain sector was driven by technical improvements. Moreover, the grain output and wheat production benefited more from TFP growth, whereas the growth in the usage of inputs drove the growth in rice and corn production. Findings also indicate that the laissez‐faire market‐oriented policy led to a dramatic fall in output while the intervention‐led policy resulted in a substantial rise in output, but neither of them fostered the growth of productivity. Conversely, the incentive‐led policy in a market‐oriented environment that raised the comparative profitability in grain production promoted the growth in both output and productivity in the grain sector. As the comparative advantage shifts away from agriculture in China, an appropriate support is thus necessary to stimulate farmers' incentive in growing grain crops. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We propose and test the hypothesis that social capital is an important determinant of total factor productivity (TFP) growth. Using a new historical dataset on 33 Indonesian provinces covering the period 2010–18, we show that social capital enhances growth through research and development (R&D) expenditure. Our analysis is based on a modified endogenous growth model, and the estimations reveal that a unit standard deviation improvement in aggregate, tangible and intangible social capital, and religiosity improves TFP growth by at least 9.80% (of the mean TFP growth) through R&D spending. These results are robust. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Crude palm oil (CPO) is a valuable commodity for Indonesia's economy as the country has become the world's biggest producer and exporter. Therefore, maintaining productivity in the CPO industry is crucial to ensure that the global demand is met. This study aims to examine Indonesian CPO productivity and its components using total factor productivity growth (TFPg) with stochastic frontier analysis. This study analyzes the variation in the TFPg across years, locations, and firm sizes. The first two analyses imply that, on average, the CPO industry's productivity declines annually, with firms in 20 provinces experiencing negative TFPg. Regarding size, the analysis demonstrates that the technical efficiency change (TEC) and technical change (TC) have regressed the TFPg in all scale firms. However, medium firms saw a smaller decline in comparison to large firms. Conversely, large firms possess slightly better scale efficiency change (SEC) than medium firms, although both types attain a negative SEC. The findings also show that the main factor contributing to the gain or decline in productivity is TC, which suggests the urgency of innovative technology in the CPO industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study provides an answer to a central question that remained unanswered in the economic literature: What level of international technology should developing countries transfer to sustain their economic growth? The study uses the Granger causality panel data approach to examine the bidirectional relationships between total factor productivity growth rates (TFPGR) and three levels of technology transfer, namely low, medium, and high-technology. The study uses a panel of 18 emerging markets and 22 developing countries and covers the period from 1990 to 2019. Our results show that the three levels of technology transfer cause TFPGR in a significant number of emerging markets but in an insignificant number of developing countries. The reverse relationships take place in an insignificant number of emerging markets and developing countries. Based on the findings of the emerging panel, this study suggests that the three levels of technology transfer are equally needed to increase the stock of knowledge and sustain the economic growth in developing countries. Developing countries urgently need low levels of technology to develop their basic technological capabilities required to adapt to high levels of technology. On the other hand, developing countries need high levels of technology to differentiate their products so that they can integrate into world markets and sustain economic growth in the long run. Our results also suggest that pursuing vigorous productivity policy is not expected to stimulate the technology transfer in emerging and developing economies. The study recommends that governments in developing countries actively intervene in international technology transfer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Indices to measure the extent and penetration of information in an economy are static measures. Information, however, is a dynamic, expanding resource. Information is produced when data from digital computers articulate with human-generated systems where they are transformed into information. Economic information is effective when it fuels technological innovations contributing to total factor productivity (TFP) growth. This paper develops a theoretical model to measure effective economic information (EEI) as a dynamic process. Using systemic design thinking, design systems in data value chains are embedded within their TFP-information absorption ecosystem. The system's characteristics of human capital, economic, institutional, and regulatory factors determine the quality and amount of EEI produced. The EEI measurement model uses differential equations allowing for the dynamic expansion of information to include information-knowledge spillovers. Empirical tests for EEI on TFP for EU countries show that EEI is the key driver for TFP growth, while IT investment alone is only a necessary condition. EEI-type measures direct policy attention towards improving TFP-information absorption ecosystems and supporting the adaption of design processes that are more suitable for their TFP-information absorption ecosystems. Both are necessary to connect IT investment to TFP growth. • Information is a dynamic, expanding economic resource contributing to TFP growth. • A dynamic measure for information is developed using systemic design thinking. • Data are processed into information via TFP-information absorption ecosystems. • Systems expand information fueling tech innovations and spillovers for TFP growth. • Effective economic information drives TFP growth; IT investment alone does not. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Developing countries in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) are increasingly integrating into the global economy. As such, this region has experienced a surge in inward foreign direct investment (FDI). Increasing FDI in African countries should lead to productivity growth, resulting from the transfer of capital, technology and skills. However, this effect is contingent on the absorptive capacities in the host countries, such as governance and human capital. This research brings forth empirical evidence on the impact of FDI on total factor productivity (TFP) growth, while accounting for the level of human capital and governance in SSA countries. This analysis was conducted using cross country data for 34 countries in SSA for the period 1996–2019 and estimated using the system generalised methods of moments (GMM) technique. The results indicate a negative linear effect of FDI on TFP growth, albeit statistically insignificant. The study also finds that there is a positive non-linear effect, dependent on the country's local conditions of governance and human capital. Hence, greater productivity returns from FDI in SSA can be realised through an increase in the level of human capital and better governance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study estimates components of Total Factor Productivity Growth (TFPG) of the 4-digit manufacturing industries of non-metallic mineral products in India during the period from 1998-99 to 2017-18, pre-economic crises period (1998-99 to 2007-08) and post-economic crises period (2008-09 to 2017-18) using frontier approaches, i.e., Data Envelope Analysis (DEA) and Stochastic Frontier Approach (SFA). The components of TFPG are technological progress (TP), technical efficiency change (TEC) and economic scale change (SC). The study found that the growth rates of TFP in almost all the 4-digit manufacturing industries of non-metallic mineral products in India declined during the post-economic crises period (post-financial meltdown period) and the decline in TFPG of those industries during that period is mainly accounted for by the decline in technological progress (TP) of the same as per SFA and by the decline in technical efficiency change (TEC) and scale change (SC) of them as per DEA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper measures and compares the performance of GCC conventional and Islamic banks in terms of total factor productivity growth (TFPG) before and after the 2008 financial crisis. The sources of TFPG are technical change, size economies, and observed asset growth. Technical change and size economies are measured by estimating a translog cost function and factor share equations. Results show that Islamic banks outperformed conventional banks overall and across different sizes. To the extent that product and process innovation improves TFPG, Islamic banks have weathered the 2008 financial crisis by being more innovative than conventional banks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper investigates firm heterogeneity in total factor productivity across manufacturing sectors for Vietnamese manufacturers over the period 2010-2016. Productivity is proxied by total factor productivity and estimated by following a procedure by Ackerberg et al. (2015) [Ackerberg, D. A., Caves, K., & Frazer, G. (2015). Identification properties of recent production function estimators. Econometrica, 83(6), 2411-2451.], using value-added production. While several measurements of total factor productivity are used, namely: growth, distance, dispersion and spillover effects, firm heterogeneity in productivity sources conveys more information about firm-specific differences in productivity. In this regard, in terms of labor, the larger firms yield higher TFP level/TFP distance /TFP dispersion, whereas, in terms of capital stocks, TFP level/TFP distance /TFP dispersion decreases as firm sizes increase. With respect to average wage, top-quartile firms paying high wages register much greater TFP level/ TFP dispersion than bottom-quartile firms. We find that the beneficial impact of exports on productivity is the most evident when firms become exporters and exporters shorten the TFP distance and strengthen TFP dispersion. Regarding ownership, FDI exporters have significant-ly higher TFP growth/ TFP dispersion than domestic firms. Results from firm heterogeneity effects on TFP certainly provoke policies expanding SMEs in terms of capital stocks and obtaining advantages of labor costs, paying higher wage rate, involving into the trade, and may have the foreign capital investment.

Crude palm oil (CPO) is a valuable commodity for Indonesia’s economy as the country has become the world’s biggest producer and exporter. Therefore, maintaining productivity in the CPO industry is crucial to ensure that the global demand is met. This study aims to examine Indonesian CPO productivity and its components using total factor productivity growth (TFPg) with stochastic frontier analysis. This study analyzes the variation in the TFPg across years, locations, and firm sizes. The first two analyses imply that, on average, the CPO industry’s productivity declines annually, with firms in 20 provinces experiencing negative TFPg. Regarding size, the analysis demonstrates that the technical efficiency change (TEC) and technical change (TC) have regressed the TFPg in all scale firms. However, medium firms saw a smaller decline in comparison to large firms. Conversely, large firms possess slightly better scale efficiency change (SEC) than medium firms, although both types attain a negative SEC. The findings also show that the main factor contributing to the gain or decline in productivity is TC, which suggests the urgency of innovative technology in the CPO industry.

In this paper, we employ the less frequently used Geometric Young index to measure productivity change. We reformulate the Geometric Distance Function of Portela and Thanassoulis (J Product Anal 25:25–41, 2006) by removing the restrictions on the individual input scaling factors and the output scaling factors to obtain the benchmark input–output bundle on the frontier. In this reformulated model, the Geometric Young index is exhaustively decomposed into the technical efficiency change and technical change factors even under variable returns to scale. Further, between any two periods, the measured rate of technical change is identical across all units. In our empirical analysis, we use state-level data from the Annual Survey of Industries for the period 2010–2011 through 2016–2017 to measure total factor productivity growth in Indian manufacturing and provide its decomposition for the major manufacturing states in India. At the All-India level, the annual average Geometric Young productivity index shows a modest growth over the sample period. This resulted from an improvement in technical efficiency reinforced by a very modest increase in the Technical Change Index. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study analyses the role of regional characteristics, particularly regional knowledge spillovers, as drivers of total factor productivity (TFP) growth in 190 European regions. A new modelling approach for knowledge spillovers that is different from the commonly used neighbourhood matrices is proposed. Therefore, by estimating the impact of drivers on TFP growth, findings reveal a strong direct effect of TFP spillovers alongside factors such as research and development (R&D) spending, cultural values or perceived quality of governance. However, the results also show that the openness of regional society to progress is a prerequisite for the effective use of existing knowledge. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study assessed the change in productivity and environmental efficiency of agriculture for nine East Asian countries for the time period from 2002 to 2010. Data were collected and then analysed by data envelopment analysis (DEA) approaches, including Malmquist total factor productivity (TFP) index and slacks-based measure (SBM) with the consideration of undesirable outputs. The results showed that there existed relatively large differences in productivity growth and environmental performance in the agricultural sector between countries in the sample. Overall, the countries examined in the present study experienced a decline in TFP due to decreases in technical efficiency. Taiwan, Japan, and Korea were found to show growths in productivity and fully efficient environmental performances throughout the study period, while Thailand was identified as having the lowest environmental efficiency score. Therefore, agriculture production and operation models in Taiwan, Japan, and Korea could serve as good references for the other six countries.

This paper models and estimates total factor productivity (TFP) growth parametrically. The model is a generalization of the traditional production function model where technology is represented by a time trend. It decomposes TFP growth into an unobservable time trend induced technical change, scale economies and an observable technology shifter index's components. The empirical results are based on unbalanced panel data at the global level for 190 countries observed over the period 1996–2013. It uses a number of exogenous growth factors in modeling four technology shifter indices to explore development infrastructure, finance, technology and human development determinants of TFP growth. Our results show that unobservable technical change remains the most important component of TFP growth. Our findings also show that technical changes and TFP growth are unexpectedly negative across all country income groups and years. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study estimates and decomposes the sources of total factor productivity growth (TFPG) of the 2-digit manufacturing industries as well as total manufacturing industry in 15 major industrialized states in India as well as in All-India during the period from 1981-82 to 2010-11 (total study period), pre-reform period (1981- 82 to 1990-91), post-reform period (1991-92 to 2010- 11) and for two decades of the post-reform period (i.e., 1990-91 to 2000-01 and 2001-02 to 2010-11), using stochastic frontier production function. The methodology necessitates decomposition of the sources of TFPG into technological change, technical efficiency change, allocation efficiency change and scale change. The main findings of our decomposition are that the growth rates of TFP in most of the 2-digit industries in the major industrialized states in India as well as in All- India have declined during the post-reform period. Also, this decline in TFPG is mainly accounted for by the decline in technical efficiency change and allocation efficiency effect that happened during that period. With respect to scale effect, its contribution to TFPG in the 2-digit industries in the major industrialized states has become very negligible although the manufacturing industries of different states under study and India as a whole have benefitted from economies of scale. The behaviour of the allocation efficiency component clearly indicates inefficient resource allocation in almost all the 2-digit industries under study during the post-reform period. This implies that liberalization of the economy during the post-reform period has increased the price distortion measured by the gap between price and marginal cost of the product of 2-digit manufacturing industries in the major industrialized states in India and in All-India as well. However, the rates of technological progress of almost all the 2-digit industries in most of the states under study have increased. Notwithstanding, as the combined effect of technical efficiency change and allocation efficiency change of these industries outweigh the joint effect of scale change and technological change of the same, TFPG of these industries has declined during the post-reform period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new method of identifying the sources of output growth and measuring total factor productivity (TFP) is proposed, with an application to data from the Greek economy. The price accounting approach, based on the full industry equilibrium (FIE) framework introduced by Opocher and Steedman, where technical progress not only increases outputs relative to inputs but also reduces output prices relative to input rewards, is used. The contributions of this paper are that, first, it amends the FIE TFP measurement approach to account for heterogeneous labor inputs, imported inputs, and indirect taxes, and applies the method to real-world data from the Greek economy; second, it provides a comparison of the results with those found by the use of the neoclassical approach to TFP measurement arguing that the FIE approach measures better sectoral TFP change, and third, it provides an estimate of the effects of sectoral research and development (R&D) expenditures and R&D diffusion from other sectors on TFP change for the Greek economy.

Total factor productivity growth (TFPG) is an important indicator evaluating the enterprise development model. The aim of this study is to consider the imbalance between TFPG and enterprises growth patterns of sectors and regions in Vietnam. The results of panel data analysis in 2005–2018 show that the growth of Vietnamese enterprises is mainly due to increased capital, especially in the non-state enterprise sector and in the Red River Delta. Total factor productivity (TFP) was found to be present in the non-state and inward foreign investment sectors during the five years 2014–2018. By comparison, the state-owned enterprise sector fell sharply during the same period. Strong upward increases in TFP were notable in the Northern Midlands and Mountain areas, the Mekong River Delta, and the Southeast, while there was a marked downward trend in the Central Highlands and the Red River Delta, especially marked in the Central Highlands. Thus, the results from this study are a basis to suggest an appropriate policy mix that helps to improve the performance of enterprises in different sectors and regions of Vietnam.