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3. A global initiative for ecological and evolutionary hologenomics

Author

Abalos, Javier, Adhola, Titus, Aguirre, Windsor, Aizpurua, Ostaizka, Ali, Shahzad, Andreone, Franco, Aubret, Fabien, Ávila-Palma, Hefer D., Alcantara, Lizbeth Fabiola Bautista, Beltrán, Juan F., Berg, Rachel, Berg, Thomas Bjørneboe, Bertolino, Sandro, Blumstein, Daniel T., Boldgiv, Bazartseren, Borowski, Zbigniew, Boubli, Jean Philippe, Büchner, Sven, Cabido, Carlos, Camacho, Carlos, Chaparro, Juan C., Charmantier, Anne, D'Elía, Guillermo, da Silva, Luis P., Dalsgaard, Bo, de Franceschi, Christophe, de la Cruz, Ferran, de la Sancha, Noé U., Denoël, Mathieu, Eisenhofer, Raphael, Feiner, Nathalie, Fernandes, Joana M., Figuerola, Jordi, Fusani, Leonida, Gangoso, Laura, García-Roa, Roberto, Gasperini, Stefania, Gaun, Nanna, Thomas, M., Gilbert, P., Gomez-Mestre, Ivan, Graves, Gary R., Groombridge, Jim, Hardouin, Emilie A., Hernández, Mauricio, Herrera M., L. Gerardo, Hodder, Kathy, Hosner, Peter A., Hurtado, Natali, Juste, Javier, Knowles, Sarah C.L., Kohl, Kevin D., Korine, Carmi, Kornilev, Yurii V., Kramer-Schadt, Stephanie, Lambin, Xavier, Lattenkamp, Ella Z., Lauritsen, Jonas, Li, Guoliang, López, Celeste María, Baucells, Adrià López, Cohen, Tali Magory, Manzo, Emiliano, Marteau, Mélanie, Martin, Lynn B., Bideguren, Garazi Martin, Mazzamuto, Maria Vittoria, Monadjem, Ara, Nietlisbach, Pirmin, Øksnebjerg, Daniel Bilyeli, Packer, Jasmin G., Pepke, Michael L., Peralta-Sánchez, Juan M., Perdomo, Adrián, de Lanuza, Guillem Pérez i, Pietroni, Carlotta, Poyet, Mathilde, Rahbek, Carsten, Ramaraj, Thiruvarangan, Caldas, Yuliaxis Ramayo, Razgour, Orly, Rebelo, Hugo, Reif, Jiří, Rimbach, Rebecca, Rocha, Ricardo, Rocha, Rita G., Fernandes, Carlos Rodríguez, Romeo, Claudia, Ruuskanen, Suvi, Sakaluk, Scott K., Santicchia, Francesca, Sarraude, Tom, Sørås, Rune, Spada, Martina, Steele, Michael A., Stothart, Mason R., Sunje, Emina, Sutton, Alex O., Szulkin, Marta, Takahata, Yu, Thompson, Charles F., Thorup, Kasper, Tomazetto, Geizecler, Torrent, Laura, Toshkova, Nia, Tranquillo, Claudia, Turcios-Casco, Manfredo Alejandro, Uller, Tobias, van Riemsdijk, Isolde, Velo-Antón, Guillermo, Verbeylen, Goedele, Videvall, Elin, Voigt, Christian C., Wauters, Lucas A., Wellenreuther, Maren, Yanchukov, Alexey, Leonard, Aoife, and Alberdi, Antton

Published
2024
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4. A species-level trait dataset of bats in Europe and beyond

Author

Froidevaux, Jérémy S. P., Toshkova, Nia, Barbaro, Luc, Benítez-López, Ana, Kerbiriou, Christian, Le Viol, Isabelle, Pacifici, Michela, Santini, Luca, Stawski, Clare, Russo, Danilo, Dekker, Jasja, Alberdi, Antton, Amorim, Francisco, Ancillotto, Leonardo, Barré, Kévin, Bas, Yves, Cantú-Salazar, Lisette, Dechmann, Dina K. N., Devaux, Tiphaine, Eldegard, Katrine, Fereidouni, Sasan, Furmankiewicz, Joanna, Hamidovic, Daniela, Hill, Davina L., Ibáñez, Carlos, Julien, Jean-François, Juste, Javier, Kaňuch, Peter, Korine, Carmi, Laforge, Alexis, Legras, Gaëlle, Leroux, Camille, Lesiński, Grzegorz, Mariton, Léa, Marmet, Julie, Mata, Vanessa A., Mifsud, Clare M., Nistreanu, Victoria, Novella-Fernandez, Roberto, Rebelo, Hugo, Roche, Niamh, Roemer, Charlotte, Ruczyński, Ireneusz, Sørås, Rune, Uhrin, Marcel, Vella, Adriana, Voigt, Christian C., and Razgour, Orly

Published
2023
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6. The Best of Two Worlds: Using Stacked Generalisation for Integrating Expert Range Maps in Species Distribution Models.

Author

Oeser, Julian, Zurell, Damaris, Mayer, Frieder, Çoraman, Emrah, Toshkova, Nia, Deleva, Stanimira, Natradze, Ioseb, Benda, Petr, Ghazaryan, Astghik, Irmak, Sercan, Hasanov, Nijat, Guliyeva, Gulnar, Gritsina, Mariya, and Kuemmerle, Tobias

Subjects
SPECIES distribution, INDEPENDENT variables, SPATIAL resolution, GENERALIZATION, REGRESSION analysis
Abstract

Aim: Species distribution models (SDMs) are powerful tools for assessing suitable habitats across large areas and at fine spatial resolution. Yet, the usefulness of SDMs for mapping species' realised distributions is often limited since data biases or missing information on dispersal barriers or biotic interactions hinder them from accurately delineating species' range limits. One way to overcome this limitation is to integrate SDMs with expert range maps, which provide coarse‐scale information on the extent of species' ranges and thereby range limits that are complementary to information offered by SDMs. Innovation: Here, we propose a new approach for integrating expert range maps in SDMs based on an ensemble method called stacked generalisation. Specifically, our approach relies on training a meta‐learner regression model using predictions from one or more SDM algorithms alongside the distance of training points to expert‐defined ranges as predictor variables. We demonstrate our approach with an occurrence dataset for 49 bat species covering four biodiversity hotspots in the Eastern Mediterranean, Western Asia and Central Asia. Main Conclusions: Our approach offers a flexible method to integrate expert range maps with any combination of SDM modelling algorithms, thus facilitating the use of algorithm ensembles. In addition, it provides a novel, data‐driven way to account for uncertainty in expert‐defined ranges not requiring prior knowledge about their accuracy, which is often lacking. Integrating expert range maps into SDMs for bats resulted in more realistic predictions of distribution patterns that showed narrower niche breadths and smaller range overlaps between species compared to traditional SDMs. Our approach holds promise to improve assessments of species distributions, while our work highlights the overlooked potential of stacked generalisation as an ensemble method in species distribution modelling. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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7. A global initiative for ecological and evolutionary hologenomics

Author

Leonard, Aoife, primary, Abalos, Javier, additional, Adhola, Titus, additional, Aguirre, Windsor, additional, Aizpurua, Ostaizka, additional, Ali, Shahzad, additional, Andreone, Franco, additional, Aubret, Fabien, additional, Ávila-Palma, Hefer D., additional, Alcantara, Lizbeth Fabiola Bautista, additional, Beltrán, Juan F., additional, Berg, Rachel, additional, Berg, Thomas Bjørneboe, additional, Bertolino, Sandro, additional, Blumstein, Daniel T., additional, Boldgiv, Bazartseren, additional, Borowski, Zbigniew, additional, Boubli, Jean Philippe, additional, Büchner, Sven, additional, Cabido, Carlos, additional, Camacho, Carlos, additional, Chaparro, Juan C., additional, Charmantier, Anne, additional, D'Elía, Guillermo, additional, da Silva, Luis P., additional, Dalsgaard, Bo, additional, de Franceschi, Christophe, additional, de la Cruz, Ferran, additional, de la Sancha, Noé U., additional, Denoël, Mathieu, additional, Eisenhofer, Raphael, additional, Feiner, Nathalie, additional, Fernandes, Joana M., additional, Figuerola, Jordi, additional, Fusani, Leonida, additional, Gangoso, Laura, additional, García-Roa, Roberto, additional, Gasperini, Stefania, additional, Gaun, Nanna, additional, Thomas, M., additional, Gilbert, P., additional, Gomez-Mestre, Ivan, additional, Graves, Gary R., additional, Groombridge, Jim, additional, Hardouin, Emilie A., additional, Hernández, Mauricio, additional, Herrera M., L. Gerardo, additional, Hodder, Kathy, additional, Hosner, Peter A., additional, Hurtado, Natali, additional, Juste, Javier, additional, Knowles, Sarah C.L., additional, Kohl, Kevin D., additional, Korine, Carmi, additional, Kornilev, Yurii V., additional, Kramer-Schadt, Stephanie, additional, Lambin, Xavier, additional, Lattenkamp, Ella Z., additional, Lauritsen, Jonas, additional, Li, Guoliang, additional, López, Celeste María, additional, Baucells, Adrià López, additional, Cohen, Tali Magory, additional, Manzo, Emiliano, additional, Marteau, Mélanie, additional, Martin, Lynn B., additional, Bideguren, Garazi Martin, additional, Mazzamuto, Maria Vittoria, additional, Monadjem, Ara, additional, Nietlisbach, Pirmin, additional, Øksnebjerg, Daniel Bilyeli, additional, Packer, Jasmin G., additional, Pepke, Michael L., additional, Peralta-Sánchez, Juan M., additional, Perdomo, Adrián, additional, de Lanuza, Guillem Pérez i, additional, Pietroni, Carlotta, additional, Poyet, Mathilde, additional, Rahbek, Carsten, additional, Ramaraj, Thiruvarangan, additional, Caldas, Yuliaxis Ramayo, additional, Razgour, Orly, additional, Rebelo, Hugo, additional, Reif, Jiří, additional, Rimbach, Rebecca, additional, Rocha, Ricardo, additional, Rocha, Rita G., additional, Fernandes, Carlos Rodríguez, additional, Romeo, Claudia, additional, Ruuskanen, Suvi, additional, Sakaluk, Scott K., additional, Santicchia, Francesca, additional, Sarraude, Tom, additional, Sørås, Rune, additional, Spada, Martina, additional, Steele, Michael A., additional, Stothart, Mason R., additional, Sunje, Emina, additional, Sutton, Alex O., additional, Szulkin, Marta, additional, Takahata, Yu, additional, Thompson, Charles F., additional, Thorup, Kasper, additional, Tomazetto, Geizecler, additional, Torrent, Laura, additional, Toshkova, Nia, additional, Tranquillo, Claudia, additional, Turcios-Casco, Manfredo Alejandro, additional, Uller, Tobias, additional, van Riemsdijk, Isolde, additional, Velo-Antón, Guillermo, additional, Verbeylen, Goedele, additional, Videvall, Elin, additional, Voigt, Christian C., additional, Wauters, Lucas A., additional, Wellenreuther, Maren, additional, Yanchukov, Alexey, additional, and Alberdi, Antton, additional

Published
2024
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8. A global initiative for ecological and evolutionary hologenomics

Author

Leonard, Aoife, Abalos, Javier, Adhola, Titus, Aguirre, Windsor, Aizpurua, Ostaizka, Ali, Shahzad, Andreone, Franco, Aubret, Fabien, Ávila-Palma, Hefer D., Alcantara, Lizbeth Fabiola Bautista, Beltrán, Juan F., Berg, Rachel, Berg, Thomas Bjørneboe, Bertolino, Sandro, Blumstein, Daniel T., Boldgiv, Bazartseren, Borowski, Zbigniew, Boubli, Jean Philippe, Büchner, Sven, Cabido, Carlos, Camacho, Carlos, Chaparro, Juan C., Charmantier, Anne, D'Elía, Guillermo, da Silva, Luis P., Dalsgaard, Bo, de Franceschi, Christophe, de la Cruz, Ferran, de la Sancha, Noé U., Denoël, Mathieu, Eisenhofer, Raphael, Feiner, Nathalie, Fernandes, Joana M., Figuerola, Jordi, Fusani, Leonida, Gangoso, Laura, García-Roa, Roberto, Gasperini, Stefania, Gaun, Nanna, Thomas, M., Gilbert, P., Gomez-Mestre, Ivan, Graves, Gary R., Groombridge, Jim J., Hardouin, Emilie A., Hernández, Mauricio, Herrera M., L. Gerardo, Hodder, Kathy, Hosner, Peter A., Hurtado, Natali, Juste, Javier, Knowles, Sarah C.L., Kohl, Kevin D., Korine, Carmi, Kornilev, Yurii V., Kramer-Schadt, Stephanie, Lambin, Xavier, Lattenkamp, Ella Z., Lauritsen, Jonas, Li, Guoliang, López, Celeste María, Baucells, Adrià López, Cohen, Tali Magory, Manzo, Emiliano, Marteau, Mélanie, Martin, Lynn B., Bideguren, Garazi Martin, Mazzamuto, Maria Vittoria, Monadjem, Ara, Nietlisbach, Pirmin, Øksnebjerg, Daniel Bilyeli, Packer, Jasmin G., Pepke, Michael L., Peralta-Sánchez, Juan M., Perdomo, Adrián, de Lanuza, Guillem Pérez i, Pietroni, Carlotta, Poyet, Mathilde, Rahbek, Carsten, Ramaraj, Thiruvarangan, Caldas, Yuliaxis Ramayo, Razgour, Orly, Rebelo, Hugo, Reif, Jiří, Rimbach, Rebecca, Rocha, Ricardo, Rocha, Rita G., Fernandes, Carlos Rodríguez, Romeo, Claudia, Ruuskanen, Suvi, Sakaluk, Scott K., Santicchia, Francesca, Sarraude, Tom, Sørås, Rune, Spada, Martina, Steele, Michael A., Stothart, Mason R., Sunje, Emina, Sutton, Alex O., Szulkin, Marta, Takahata, Yu, Thompson, Charles F., Thorup, Kasper, Tomazetto, Geizecler, Torrent, Laura, Toshkova, Nia, Tranquillo, Claudia, Turcios-Casco, Manfredo Alejandro, Uller, Tobias, van Riemsdijk, Isolde, Velo-Antón, Guillermo, Verbeylen, Goedele, Videvall, Elin, Voigt, Christian C., Wauters, Lucas A., Wellenreuther, Maren, Yanchukov, Alexey, Alberdi, Antton, Leonard, Aoife, Abalos, Javier, Adhola, Titus, Aguirre, Windsor, Aizpurua, Ostaizka, Ali, Shahzad, Andreone, Franco, Aubret, Fabien, Ávila-Palma, Hefer D., Alcantara, Lizbeth Fabiola Bautista, Beltrán, Juan F., Berg, Rachel, Berg, Thomas Bjørneboe, Bertolino, Sandro, Blumstein, Daniel T., Boldgiv, Bazartseren, Borowski, Zbigniew, Boubli, Jean Philippe, Büchner, Sven, Cabido, Carlos, Camacho, Carlos, Chaparro, Juan C., Charmantier, Anne, D'Elía, Guillermo, da Silva, Luis P., Dalsgaard, Bo, de Franceschi, Christophe, de la Cruz, Ferran, de la Sancha, Noé U., Denoël, Mathieu, Eisenhofer, Raphael, Feiner, Nathalie, Fernandes, Joana M., Figuerola, Jordi, Fusani, Leonida, Gangoso, Laura, García-Roa, Roberto, Gasperini, Stefania, Gaun, Nanna, Thomas, M., Gilbert, P., Gomez-Mestre, Ivan, Graves, Gary R., Groombridge, Jim J., Hardouin, Emilie A., Hernández, Mauricio, Herrera M., L. Gerardo, Hodder, Kathy, Hosner, Peter A., Hurtado, Natali, Juste, Javier, Knowles, Sarah C.L., Kohl, Kevin D., Korine, Carmi, Kornilev, Yurii V., Kramer-Schadt, Stephanie, Lambin, Xavier, Lattenkamp, Ella Z., Lauritsen, Jonas, Li, Guoliang, López, Celeste María, Baucells, Adrià López, Cohen, Tali Magory, Manzo, Emiliano, Marteau, Mélanie, Martin, Lynn B., Bideguren, Garazi Martin, Mazzamuto, Maria Vittoria, Monadjem, Ara, Nietlisbach, Pirmin, Øksnebjerg, Daniel Bilyeli, Packer, Jasmin G., Pepke, Michael L., Peralta-Sánchez, Juan M., Perdomo, Adrián, de Lanuza, Guillem Pérez i, Pietroni, Carlotta, Poyet, Mathilde, Rahbek, Carsten, Ramaraj, Thiruvarangan, Caldas, Yuliaxis Ramayo, Razgour, Orly, Rebelo, Hugo, Reif, Jiří, Rimbach, Rebecca, Rocha, Ricardo, Rocha, Rita G., Fernandes, Carlos Rodríguez, Romeo, Claudia, Ruuskanen, Suvi, Sakaluk, Scott K., Santicchia, Francesca, Sarraude, Tom, Sørås, Rune, Spada, Martina, Steele, Michael A., Stothart, Mason R., Sunje, Emina, Sutton, Alex O., Szulkin, Marta, Takahata, Yu, Thompson, Charles F., Thorup, Kasper, Tomazetto, Geizecler, Torrent, Laura, Toshkova, Nia, Tranquillo, Claudia, Turcios-Casco, Manfredo Alejandro, Uller, Tobias, van Riemsdijk, Isolde, Velo-Antón, Guillermo, Verbeylen, Goedele, Videvall, Elin, Voigt, Christian C., Wauters, Lucas A., Wellenreuther, Maren, Yanchukov, Alexey, and Alberdi, Antton

Abstract

The Earth Hologenome Initiative (EHI) is a global collaboration to generate and analyse hologenomic data from wild animals and associated microorganisms using standardised methodologies underpinned by open and inclusive research principles. Initially focused on vertebrates, it aims to re-examine ecological and evolutionary questions by studying host–microbiota interactions from a systemic perspective.

Published
2024

9. The best of two worlds: using stacked generalization for integrating expert range maps in species distribution models

Author

Oeser, Julian, primary, Zurell, Damaris, additional, Mayer, Frieder, additional, Çoraman, Emrah, additional, Toshkova, Nia, additional, Deleva, Stanimira, additional, Natradze, Ioseb, additional, Benda, Petr, additional, Ghazaryan, Astghik, additional, Irmak, Sercan, additional, Hasanov, Nijat Alisafa, additional, Guliyeva, Gulnar Gahraman, additional, Gritsina, Mariya, additional, and Kuemmerle, Tobias, additional

Published
2024
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14. Insights into the habitat associations, phylogeny, and diet of Pipistrellus maderensis in Porto Santo, northeastern Macaronesia

Author

National Geographic Society, European Commission, Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (Portugal), Governo Regional da Madeira, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Nóbrega, Eva K., Toshkova, Nia, Gonçalves, Angelina, Reis, André, Soto, Elena J., Puertas Ruiz, Sergio, Mata, Vanessa A., Rato, Catarina, Rocha, Ricardo, National Geographic Society, European Commission, Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (Portugal), Governo Regional da Madeira, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Nóbrega, Eva K., Toshkova, Nia, Gonçalves, Angelina, Reis, André, Soto, Elena J., Puertas Ruiz, Sergio, Mata, Vanessa A., Rato, Catarina, and Rocha, Ricardo

Abstract

Around 60 % of all bat species occur in islands, and nearly one in four is an insular endemic. Bats are often the only native terrestrial mammals in oceanic islands, and despite increasing anthropogenic pressures, little is known about the distribution, natural history, and population status of most insular bat populations. The sub-tropical archipelago of Madeira is composed of the volcanic islands of Madeira, Porto Santo, and Desertas and is home to the Macaronesian endemic Pipistrellus maderensis, to the endemic subspecies Nyctalus leisleri verrucosus, and to Plecotus austriacus. Pipistrellus maderensis is known to both Madeira and Porto Santo, whereas the other two species have only been recorded in the former. However, no bats have been recorded in Porto Santo for over 15 years, raising fears that bats are probably extinct in the island. In July 2021, we conducted an island-wide acoustic survey using AudioMoth passive acoustic recorders, leading to the detection of Pipistrellus maderensis in 28 out of the 46 sampling sites (60 %). The species' activity was strongly associated with artificial water sources, and genetic samples from six captured individuals revealed that the populations of Pipistrellus maderensis in Porto Santo and Madeira have a close phylogenetic affinity. Furthermore, using DNA metabarcoding, we found that the species feeds on a wide variety of insects, including several economically important pest species and disease vectors. These findings emphasise the need to target more conservation and research efforts towards extant island bat populations and the potential ecosystem services they provide.

Published
2023

15. Supplement of Insights into the habitat associations, phylogeny, and diet of Pipistrellus maderensis in Porto Santo, northeastern Macaronesia

Author

Rato, Catarina [0000-0002-8292-2433], Nóbrega, Eva K. [eva.keltanen@hotmail.com], Nóbrega, Eva K., Toshkova, Nia, Gonçalves, Angelina, Reis, André, Soto, Elena J., Puertas Ruiz, Sergio, Mata, Vanessa A., Rato, Catarina, Rocha, Ricardo, Rato, Catarina [0000-0002-8292-2433], Nóbrega, Eva K. [eva.keltanen@hotmail.com], Nóbrega, Eva K., Toshkova, Nia, Gonçalves, Angelina, Reis, André, Soto, Elena J., Puertas Ruiz, Sergio, Mata, Vanessa A., Rato, Catarina, and Rocha, Ricardo

Published
2023

26. Bat responses to climate change: a systematic review

Author

Festa, Francesca, primary, Ancillotto, Leonardo, additional, Santini, Luca, additional, Pacifici, Michela, additional, Rocha, Ricardo, additional, Toshkova, Nia, additional, Amorim, Francisco, additional, Benítez‐López, Ana, additional, Domer, Adi, additional, Hamidović, Daniela, additional, Kramer‐Schadt, Stephanie, additional, Mathews, Fiona, additional, Radchuk, Viktoriia, additional, Rebelo, Hugo, additional, Ruczynski, Ireneusz, additional, Solem, Estelle, additional, Tsoar, Asaf, additional, Russo, Danilo, additional, and Razgour, Orly, additional

Published
2022
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27. Figure 2 from: Toshkova N, Zlatkov B, Fakirova A, Zhelyazkova V, Simov N (2022) First record of Psorergatoides Fain, 1959 (Acari, Cheyletoidea, Psorergatidae) for the Balkan Peninsula with description of the cutaneous lesions on the wing membrane of its hosts Myotis myotis (Borkhausen, 1797) and Myotis blythii (Tomes, 1857) (Chiroptera, Vespertilionidae). Biodiversity Data Journal 10: e89514. https://doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.10.e89514

Author

Toshkova, Nia, primary, Zlatkov, Boyan, additional, Fakirova, Albena, additional, Zhelyazkova, Violeta, additional, and Simov, Nikolay, additional

Published
2022
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28. Figure 3 from: Toshkova N, Zlatkov B, Fakirova A, Zhelyazkova V, Simov N (2022) First record of Psorergatoides Fain, 1959 (Acari, Cheyletoidea, Psorergatidae) for the Balkan Peninsula with description of the cutaneous lesions on the wing membrane of its hosts Myotis myotis (Borkhausen, 1797) and Myotis blythii (Tomes, 1857) (Chiroptera, Vespertilionidae). Biodiversity Data Journal 10: e89514. https://doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.10.e89514

Author

Toshkova, Nia, primary, Zlatkov, Boyan, additional, Fakirova, Albena, additional, Zhelyazkova, Violeta, additional, and Simov, Nikolay, additional

Published
2022
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29. Figure 1 from: Toshkova N, Zlatkov B, Fakirova A, Zhelyazkova V, Simov N (2022) First record of Psorergatoides Fain, 1959 (Acari, Cheyletoidea, Psorergatidae) for the Balkan Peninsula with description of the cutaneous lesions on the wing membrane of its hosts Myotis myotis (Borkhausen, 1797) and Myotis blythii (Tomes, 1857) (Chiroptera, Vespertilionidae). Biodiversity Data Journal 10: e89514. https://doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.10.e89514

Author

Toshkova, Nia, primary, Zlatkov, Boyan, additional, Fakirova, Albena, additional, Zhelyazkova, Violeta, additional, and Simov, Nikolay, additional

Published
2022
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31. Bat responses to climate change: a systematic review.

Author

Festa, Francesca, Ancillotto, Leonardo, Santini, Luca, Pacifici, Michela, Rocha, Ricardo, Toshkova, Nia, Amorim, Francisco, Benítez‐López, Ana, Domer, Adi, Hamidović, Daniela, Kramer‐Schadt, Stephanie, Mathews, Fiona, Radchuk, Viktoriia, Rebelo, Hugo, Ruczynski, Ireneusz, Solem, Estelle, Tsoar, Asaf, Russo, Danilo, and Razgour, Orly

Subjects
BATS, SPECIES distribution, DEVELOPING countries, SPECIES diversity, CLIMATE change, PLANT phenology
Abstract

Understanding how species respond to climate change is key to informing vulnerability assessments and designing effective conservation strategies, yet research efforts on wildlife responses to climate change fail to deliver a representative overview due to inherent biases. Bats are a species‐rich, globally distributed group of organisms that are thought to be particularly sensitive to the effects of climate change because of their high surface‐to‐volume ratios and low reproductive rates. We systematically reviewed the literature on bat responses to climate change to provide an overview of the current state of knowledge, identify research gaps and biases and highlight future research needs. We found that studies are geographically biased towards Europe, North America and Australia, and temperate and Mediterranean biomes, thus missing a substantial proportion of bat diversity and thermal responses. Less than half of the published studies provide concrete evidence for bat responses to climate change. For over a third of studied bat species, response evidence is only based on predictive species distribution models. Consequently, the most frequently reported responses involve range shifts (57% of species) and changes in patterns of species diversity (26%). Bats showed a variety of responses, including both positive (e.g. range expansion and population increase) and negative responses (range contraction and population decrease), although responses to extreme events were always negative or neutral. Spatial responses varied in their outcome and across families, with almost all taxonomic groups featuring both range expansions and contractions, while demographic responses were strongly biased towards negative outcomes, particularly among Pteropodidae and Molossidae. The commonly used correlative modelling approaches can be applied to many species, but do not provide mechanistic insight into behavioural, physiological, phenological or genetic responses. There was a paucity of experimental studies (26%), and only a small proportion of the 396 bat species covered in the examined studies were studied using long‐term and/or experimental approaches (11%), even though they are more informative about the effects of climate change. We emphasise the need for more empirical studies to unravel the multifaceted nature of bats' responses to climate change and the need for standardised study designs that will enable synthesis and meta‐analysis of the literature. Finally, we stress the importance of overcoming geographic and taxonomic disparities through strengthening research capacity in the Global South to provide a more comprehensive view of terrestrial biodiversity responses to climate change. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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37. REVIEW OF THE CURRENT STATUS AND FUTURE PERSPECTIVES ON PSEUDOGYMNOASCUS DESTRUCTANS STUDIES WITH REFERENCE TO SPECIES FINDINGS IN BULGARIA

Author

Toshkova, Nia L., Zhelyazkova, Violeta L., Puechmaille, Sébastien J., Uzunov, Blagoy A., and Stoyneva-Gärtner, Maya P.

Subjects
caves, bats, White Nose Disease, Geomyces destructans, nature conservation, White Nose Syndrom, geomycosis
Abstract

Emerging infectious diseases are a well-known threat to the wildlife and require complex research. There is a rapidly accumulating knowledge on the infectious disease of bats, named firstly White Nose Syndrome (WNS) and afterwards – White Nose Disease (WND), and its causative agent – the pathogenic fungus Pseudogymnoascus destructans. Although mass mortality of bats, known since a decade, is currently restricted to North America, the pathogen is of global concern as a potential threat to other hibernating bat populations. Therefore five years after the first comprehensive synthesis on the fungal ecology and relevant knowledge gaps (FOLEY ET AL. 2011), we decided to summarize the published information on the pathogen morphology, reproduction, ecological requirements, geographic distribution and systematic position. In addition, the present review compiles the available data on the affected bat species, mechanisms of WND, on the host response and on the effective treatment strategies with possible methods for fighting the pathogen to reduce the mortality in affected regions as well. Special attention is paid to the finding of the fungus in Bulgarian caves.

Published
2016

38. Did you wash your caving suit? Cavers’ role in the potential spread of Pseudogymnoascus destructans, the causative agent of White-Nose Disease

Author

Violeta Zhelyazkova, Antonia Hubancheva, Georgi Radoslavov, Nia Toshkova, Sebastien J. Puechmaille, Zhelyazkova, Violeta, Hubancheva, Antonia, Toshkova, Nia, and Puechmaille, Sebastien

Subjects
QE1-996.5, pathogen pollution, White (horse), biology, QH301-705.5, bats, Geology, biology.organism_classification, Virology, emerging infectious diseases, medicine.anatomical_structure, Pseudogymnoascus destructans, wns, cave management, medicine, Biology (General), Nose, Earth-Surface Processes
Abstract

White-Nose Disease (WND) has killed millions of hibernating bats in the US and Canada. Its causative agent, the fungus Pseudogymnoascus destructans was introduced to North America, but is native to Europe and Asia, where it is not associated with mass mortality. Although it is nearly impossible to eradicate an emerging wildlife disease, research on P. destructans spread mechanisms can aid in prevention of new introductions and development of better environmental management strategies. It is of particular importance to quantify the potential role of people visiting caves (cavers, tourists, bat researchers, etc.) whom inadvertently move P. destructans spores between sites, and to limit spread, particularly to areas where the fungus is absent. In the course of two consecutive field seasons, samples were collected from the equipment before and after work in Bulgarian caves where P. destructans is present. Viable P. destructans spores were isolated from field equipment after nearly 100% of cave visits, irrespective of the season. Results from lab experiments show the pathogen’s spores can remain viable on pieces of contaminated caving equipment under room temperature for at least 25 days, with no significant reduction in germination rates. This is concerning evidence indicating the potential for movement of viable P. destructans spores across countries and continents. Results further demonstrated that any type of regular washing can successfully remove the majority of P. destructans spores from several fabric types. Brushing complemented by washing in a ‘washing machine’ was slightly more effective than brushing alone, while a washing temperature of 50°C was more effective than temperatures of 30 and 40°C. However, none of the methods herein tested fully removed P. destructans and hence they are not a substitute for decontamination. Since many cavers forgo washing equipment after surveys, and bat workers often visit several underground sites per day during monitoring activities without cleaning equipment in between sites, it is essential to raise awareness on this subject and introduce hygienic protocols for the prevention of pathogen pollution in underground sites.

Published
2020
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39. First record of Psorergatoides Fain, 1959 (Acari, Cheyletoidea, Psorergatidae) for the Balkan Peninsula with description of the cutaneous lesions on the wing membrane of its hosts Myotismyotis (Borkhausen, 1797) and Myotisblythii (Tomes, 1857) (Chiroptera, Vespertilionidae).

Author

Toshkova N, Zlatkov B, Fakirova A, Zhelyazkova V, and Simov N

Abstract

Healthy wing membranes are essential for bats. They are critical for maintaining the water balance and, during hibernation, they protect the bat's body from dehydration. Assessing the state of the membrane visually is an easy and effective way to monitor a bat's health and discover abnormal structures and infections in wild bat populations. During pre- and post-hibernation surveys of bats' wings, we identified the presence of skin mites, Psorergatoideskerivoulae (Fain, 1959). The parasite causes cutaneous lesions on the wing membranes of the greater moused-eared bat, Myotismyotis (Borkhausen, 1797) and the lesser moused-eared bat, Myotisblythii (Tomes, 1857). The lesser mouse-eared bat is a new host for this parasite. Our study is the first to describe the histopathology of the infection on the wings of the greater and lesser mouse-eared bats. To our knowledge, this is the southernmost record of this parasite and the first mention of the genus Psorergatoides for the Balkans., (Nia Toshkova, Boyan Zlatkov, Albena Fakirova, Violeta Zhelyazkova, Nikolay Simov.)

Published
2022
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