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140 results on '"Toshiki Maruyama"'

1. Elastic properties of nuclear pasta in a fully three-dimensional geometry

Author

Cheng-Jun Xia, Toshiki Maruyama, Nobutoshi Yasutake, Toshitaka Tatsumi, and Ying-Xun Zhang

Subjects
Elastic constant, Nuclear pasta, Neutron star, Symmetry energy, Physics, QC1-999
Abstract

Realistic estimations on the elastic properties of neutron star matter are carried out with a large strain (ε≲0.5) in the framework of relativistic-mean-field model with Thomas-Fermi approximation, where various crystalline configurations are considered in a fully three-dimensional geometry with reflection symmetry. Our calculation confirms the validity of assuming Coulomb crystals for the droplet phase above neutron drip density, which nonetheless does not work at large densities since the elastic constants are found to be decreasing after reaching their peaks. Similarly, the analytic formulae derived in the incompressible liquid-drop model give excellent description for the rod phase at small densities, which overestimates the elastic constants at larger densities. For slabs, due to the negligence on the variations of their thicknesses, the analytic formulae from liquid-drop model agree qualitatively but not quantitatively with our numerical estimations. By fitting to the numerical results, these analytic formulae are improved by introducing dampening factors. The impacts of nuclear symmetry energy are examined adopting two parameter sets, corresponding to the slope of symmetry energy L=41.34 and 89.39 MeV. Even with the uncertainties caused by the anisotropy in polycrystallines, the elastic properties of neutron star matter obtained with L=41.34 and 89.39 MeV are distinctively different, results in detectable differences in various neutron star activities.

Published
2023
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2. Effects of three-baryon forces on kaon condensation in hyperon-mixed matter

Author

Takumi Muto, Toshiki Maruyama, and Toshitaka Tatsumi

Subjects
Kaon condensation, Hyperon-mixing, Equation of state, Universal three-baryon force, Physics, QC1-999
Abstract

Possibility of kaon-condensed phase in hyperon-mixed matter is considered on the basis of chiral symmetry for kaon-baryon and kaon-kaon interactions, being combined with the relativistic mean-field theory for two-body baryon interaction. In addition, universal three-baryon repulsive force in the string-junction model and phenomenological three-nucleon attractive force are introduced. It is shown that softening of the equation of state stemming from both kaon condensation and mixing of hyperons is compensated with the repulsive effect of the three-baryon force and the relativistic effect for two-body baryon-baryon interaction. The latter effect reflects the density-dependence of scalar and vector meson mean-fields, which is constrained by the contribution of the attractive three-nucleon force to the binding energy at saturation density. The kaon-condensed phase in hyperon-mixed matter becomes stiff enough to be consistent with recent observations of massive neutron stars.

Published
2021
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3. Elastic properties of nuclear pasta in a fully three-dimensional geometry

Author

Cheng-Jun Xia, Toshiki Maruyama, Nobutoshi Yasutake, Toshitaka Tatsumi, and Ying-Xun Zhang

Subjects
Nuclear Theory (nucl-th), High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Nuclear Theory, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

Realistic estimations on the elastic properties of neutron star matter are carried out with a large strain (ε≲0.5) in the framework of relativistic-mean-field model with Thomas-Fermi approximation, where various crystalline configurations are considered in a fully three-dimensional geometry with reflection symmetry. Our calculation confirms the validity of assuming Coulomb crystals for the droplet phase above neutron drip density, which nonetheless does not work at large densities since the elastic constants are found to be decreasing after reaching their peaks. Similarly, the analytic formulae derived in the incompressible liquid-drop model give excellent description for the rod phase at small densities, which overestimates the elastic constants at larger densities. For slabs, due to the negligence on the variations of their thicknesses, the analytic formulae from liquid-drop model agree qualitatively but not quantitatively with our numerical estimations. By fitting to the numerical results, these analytic formulae are improved by introducing dampening factors. The impacts of nuclear symmetry energy are examined adopting two parameter sets, corresponding to the slope of symmetry energy L=41.34 and 89.39 MeV. Even with the uncertainties caused by the anisotropy in polycrystallines, the elastic properties of neutron star matter obtained with L=41.34 and 89.39 MeV are distinctively different, results in detectable differences in various neutron star activities.

Published
2022
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4. Unified neutron star EOSs and neutron star structures in RMF models

Author

Cheng-Jun Xia, Toshiki Maruyama, Ang Li, Bao Yuan Sun, Wen-Hui Long, and Ying-Xun Zhang

Subjects
Nuclear Theory (nucl-th), High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Nuclear Theory, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

In the framework of Thomas-Fermi approximation, we study systematically the EOSs and microscopic structures of neutron star matter in a vast density range with $n_\mathrm{b}\approx 10^{-10}$-2 $\mathrm{fm}^{-3}$, where various covariant density functionals are adopted, i.e., those with nonlinear self couplings (NL3, PK1, TM1, GM1, MTVTC) and density-dependent couplings (DD-LZ1, DDME-X, PKDD, DD-ME2, DD2, TW99). It is found that the EOSs generally coincide with each other at $n_\mathrm{b}\lesssim 10^{-4}$ fm${}^{-3}$ and 0.1 fm${}^{-3}\lesssim n_\mathrm{b} \lesssim 0.3$ fm${}^{-3}$, while in other density regions they are sensitive to the effective interactions between nucleons. By adopting functionals with larger slope of symmetry energy $L$, the curvature parameter $K_\mathrm{sym}$ and neutron drip density generally increase, while the droplet size, proton number of nucleus, core-crust transition density, and onset density of non-spherical nuclei decrease. All functionals predict neutron stars with maximum masses exceeding the two-solar-mass limit, while those of DD2, DD-LZ1, DD-ME2, and DDME-X predict optimum neutron star radii according to the observational constraints. Nevertheless, the corresponding skewness coefficients $J$ are much lager than expected, while only the functionals MTVTC and TW99 meet the start-of-art constraints on $J$. More accurate measurements on the radius of PSR J0740+6620 and the maximum mass of neutron stars are thus essential to identify the functional that satisfies all constraints from nuclear physics and astrophysical observations. Approximate linear correlations between neutron stars' radii at $M=1.4 M_{\odot}$ and $2 M_{\odot}$, the slope $L$ and curvature parameter $K_\mathrm{sym}$ of symmetry energy are observed as well, which is mainly attributed to the curvature-slope correlations in the functionals adopted here., Comment: The EOS tables can be found at: teacher.yzu.edu.cn/CJXia/en/lwcg/492393/content/79242.htm

Published
2022
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5. Effects of three-baryon forces on kaon condensation in hyperon-mixed matter

Author

Toshitaka Tatsumi, Takumi Muto, and Toshiki Maruyama

Subjects
Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Equation of state, Particle physics, Nuclear Theory, QC1-999, Scalar (mathematics), FOS: Physical sciences, Nuclear Theory (nucl-th), Kaon condensation, Vector meson, Nuclear Experiment, Hyperon-mixing, Mixing (physics), High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Physics, Universal three-baryon force, Condensation, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, Hyperon, Baryon, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Relativistic quantum chemistry, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

Possibility of kaon-condensed phase in hyperon-mixed matter is considered on the basis of chiral symmetry for kaon-baryon and kaon-kaon interactions, being combined with the relativistic mean-field theory for two-body baryon interaction. In addition, universal three-baryon repulsive force in the string-junction model and phenomenological three-nucleon attractive force are introduced. It is shown that softening of the equation of state stemming from both kaon condensation and mixing of hyperons is compensated with the repulsive effect of the three-baryon force and the relativistic effect for two-body baryon-baryon interaction. The latter effect reflects the density-dependence of scalar and vector meson mean-fields, which is constrained by the contribution of the attractive three-nucleon force to the binding energy at saturation density. The kaon-condensed phase in hyperon-mixed matter becomes stiff enough to be consistent with recent observations of massive neutron stars., 6 pages, 3 figures Some sentences and related references are added

Published
2021

6. Nuclear pasta structures and symmetry energy

Author

Cheng-Jun Xia, Toshitaka Tatsumi, Ying-Xun Zhang, Nobutoshi Yasutake, and Toshiki Maruyama

Subjects
High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Physics, Condensed matter physics, Nuclear Theory, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Bubble, FOS: Physical sciences, Nuclear matter, 01 natural sciences, Omega, Nuclear pasta, Nuclear Theory (nucl-th), Neutron star, Supernova, Reflection symmetry, Lattice (order), 0103 physical sciences, 010306 general physics, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

In the framework of the relativistic mean-field model with Thomas-Fermi approximation, we study the structures of low-density nuclear matter in a three-dimensional geometry with reflection symmetry. The numerical accuracy and efficiency are improved by expanding the mean fields according to fast cosine transformation and considering only one octant of the unit cell. The effect of finite cell size is treated carefully by searching for the optimum cell size. Typical pasta structures (droplet, rod, slab, tube, and bubble) arranged in various crystalline configurations are obtained for both fixed proton fractions and $\ensuremath{\beta}$ equilibration. It is found that the properties of droplets and bubbles are similar in body-centered cubic (bcc) and face-centered cubic (fcc) lattices, where the fcc lattice generally becomes more stable than bcc lattice as density increases. For the rod and tube phases, the honeycomb lattice is always more stable than the simple one. By introducing an $\ensuremath{\omega}\text{\ensuremath{-}}\ensuremath{\rho}$ cross coupling term, we further examine the pasta structures with a smaller slope of symmetry energy $L=41.34$ MeV, which predicts larger onset densities for core-crust transition and nonspherical nuclei. Such a variation due to the reduction of $L$ is expected to have impacts on various properties in neutron stars, supernova dynamics, and binary neutron star mergers.

Published
2020

7. Systematic study on the quark-hadron mixed phase in compact stars

Author

Hong Shen, Cheng Jun Xia, Toshiki Maruyama, Nobutoshi Yasutake, Hajime Togashi, and Toshitaka Tatsumi

Subjects
Physics, Quark, Particle physics, Nuclear Theory, High Energy Physics::Lattice, Star (game theory), Hadron, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, FOS: Physical sciences, Compact star, Nuclear Theory (nucl-th), High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, Strange matter, Stars, Neutron star, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph), Pulsar, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics
Abstract

We investigate systematically the quark-hadron mixed phase in dense stellar matter and its influence on compact star structures. The properties of quark matter and hadronic matter are fixed based on various model predictions. Beside adopting constant values, the surface tension Σ for the quark-hadron interface is estimated with the multiple reflection expansion method and equivparticle model. To fix the structures of quark-hadron pasta phases, a continuous dimensionality of the structure is adopted as proposed by Ravenhall et al. The corresponding properties of hybrid stars are then obtained and confronted with pulsar observations. It is found that the correlation between radius and tidal deformability in traditional neutron stars preserves in hybrid stars. For those permitted by pulsar observations, in almost all cases, the quark phase persists inside the most massive compact stars. The quark-hadron interface plays an important role in hybrid star structures once quark matter emerges. The surface tension Σ estimated with various methods increases with density, which predicts stiffer equation of states (EOSs) for the quark-hadron mixed phase and increases the maximum mass of hybrid stars. With or without the emergence of quark matter, the obtained EOSs of hybrid star matter are close to each other at densities n≲0.8 fm−3, while larger uncertainty is expected at higher densities.

Published
2020

9. A bag model of matter condensed by the strong interaction

Author

Zhi-Qiang Miao, Cheng-Jun Xia, Xiao-Yu Lai, Toshiki Maruyama, Ren-Xin Xu, and En-Ping Zhou

Subjects
Nuclear Theory (nucl-th), High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Nuclear Theory, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, General Physics and Astronomy, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics
Abstract

Inspired by various astrophysical phenomenons, it is suggested that pulsar-like compact stars are comprised entirely of strangeons (quark-clusters with three-light-flavor symmetry) and a small amount of electrons. In order to better constrain the properties of strangeon stars, we propose a linked bag model to describe the condensed matter by the strong interaction (i.e., strong condensed matter) in both 2-flavored (nucleons) and 3-flavored (hyperons, strangeons, etc.) scenarios. The model parameters are calibrated to reproduce the saturation properties of nuclear matter, which are later applied to hyperon matter and strangeon matter. Compared with baryon matter, the derived energy per baryon of strangeon matter is reduced if the strangeon carries a large number of valence quarks, which stiffens the equation of state and consequently increases the maximum mass of strangeon stars. In a large parameter space, the maximum mass and tidal deformability of strangeon stars predicted by the linked bag model are consistent with the current astrophysical constraints. It is found that the maximum mass of strangeon stars can be as large as [Formula: see text], while the tidal deformability of a [Formula: see text] strangeon star lies in the range of [Formula: see text].

Published
2020
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10. Cooling of neutron stars with quark-hadron continuity

Author

Tsuneo Noda, Nobutoshi Yasutake, Masa-aki Hashimoto, Toshiki Maruyama, and Toshitaka Tatsumi

Subjects
Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Nuclear Theory, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Nuclear Experiment, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics
Abstract

Neutron stars are high-density objects formed by the gravitational collapse of massive stars, and the whole star can be likened to a giant nucleus. The interior of a neutron star is considered to contain exotic particles and states which do not appear in a normal nucleus. The internal states are constrained by observations of masses and radii via the equation of state of highly dense nuclear matter. Within these constraints, a variety of exotic states have been discussed. The internal state of neutron stars is closely related to its neutrino emission process, which cools the star from the inside. This effect can be compared with observations of the surface temperature of neutron stars. However, despite the wide range of observations of neutron stars, the nature of the neutron star matter remains uncertain. We consider quark matter as an exotic state and perform cooling calculations for neutron stars, incorporating the effects of nucleon superfluidity and quark colour superconductivity.We take into account the “quark-hadron continuity”, in which the neutron superfluidity is succeeded by thedquark pairing. Furthermore, we obtained the range of the neutron star cooling curve, taking into account the difference in surface temperature due to the composition of the surface layer. We found that the existence of quark matter causes strong neutrino emission from quarks, which is moderately suppressedbysuperfluidity and superconductivity, and canexplain the cold surface temperature of neutron stars.

Published
2022

13. Constraining quark-hadron interface tension in the multi-messenger era

Author

Toshiki Maruyama, Cheng-Jun Xia, Toshitaka Tatsumi, and Nobutoshi Yasutake

Subjects
Quark, Physics, Coupling constant, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Solar mass, Particle physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Gravitational wave, High Energy Physics::Lattice, Hadron, Nuclear Theory, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, FOS: Physical sciences, Lambda, Nuclear matter, Computer Science::Digital Libraries, 01 natural sciences, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, Stars, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph), 0103 physical sciences, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, 010306 general physics
Abstract

We study the interface effects of a quark-hadron mixed phase in compact stars. The properties of nuclear matter are obtained based on the relativistic-mean-field model. For the quark phase, we adopt a perturbation model with running quark masses and coupling constant. At certain choices of parameter sets, it is found that varying the quark-hadron interface tension will have sizable effects on the radii (ΔR≈600 m) and tidal deformabilities (ΔΛ/Λ≈50%) of 1.36 solar mass hybrid stars. These provide possibilities for us to constrain the quark-hadron interface tension with future gravitational wave observations as well as the ongoing NICER mission.

Published
2019
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14. Investigation of Necessary Maximum Delay Time for High-speed Positioning on Linear DC Motor

Author

Yinggang Bu, Tomoki Terashima, Ryousuke Kawai, Toshiki Maruyama, and Tsutomu Mizuno

Subjects
010302 applied physics, Control theory, Computer science, 020208 electrical & electronic engineering, 0103 physical sciences, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Control engineering, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, DC motor, Delay time
Published
2016

17. Equation of State with Kaon Condensation and Hyperons in Dense Matter

Author

Toshitaka Tatsumi, Takumi Muto, Toshiki Maruyama, and Tatsuyuki Takatsuka

Subjects
Baryon, Physics, Nonlinear system, Particle physics, Equation of state, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, 0103 physical sciences, Condensation, Hyperon, 010306 general physics, 01 natural sciences, Dense matter
Published
2018

18. Hybrid equation of state with pasta phases and third family of compact stars

Author

Alexander Ayriyan, K. A. Maslov, Toshitaka Tatsumi, D. N. Voskresensky, Nobutoshi Yasutake, Toshiki Maruyama, Hovik Grigorian, and David Blaschke

Subjects
Quark, Physics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Equation of state, Phase transition, Nuclear Theory, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Maxwell construction, Hadron, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, FOS: Physical sciences, 01 natural sciences, Nuclear Theory (nucl-th), Strange matter, Neutron star, Theoretical physics, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph), 0103 physical sciences, High Energy Physics::Experiment, 010306 general physics, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Free parameter
Abstract

The effect of pasta phases on the quark-hadron phase transition is investigated for a set of relativistic mean-field equations of state for both hadron and quark matter. The results of the full numerical solution with pasta phases are compared with those of an interpolating construction used in previous works, for which we demonstrate an adequate description of the numerical results. A one-to-one mapping of the free parameter of the construction to the physical surface tension of the quark-hadron interface is obtained for which a fit formula is given. For each pair of quark and hadron matter models the critical value of the surface tension is determined, above which the phase transition becomes close to the Maxwell construction. This result agrees well with earlier theoretical estimates. The study is extended to neutron star matter in beta equilibrium with electrons and muons and is applied to investigate the effect of pasta phases on the structure of hybrid compact stars and the robustness of a possible third family solution., Comment: 13 pages, 10 figures, 3 tables, corresponds to the version published in Phys. Rev. C

Published
2018
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21. Multidimensional Structure Of Chiral Crystals In Quark Matter

Author

Toshitaka Tatsumi, Tong-Gyu Lee, Toshiki Maruyama, and Nobutoshi Yasutake

Subjects
Chiral anomaly, Physics, Stars, Strange matter, Theoretical physics, Condensed matter physics, High Energy Physics::Lattice, Phase (matter), High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, QCD vacuum, Structure (category theory), Instability, Excitation
Abstract

We discuss the possibility of a multidimensional structure of inhomogeneous chiral condensates, which might be realized in cold and dense quark matter or the core of compact stars. For one-dimensional structures, the system becomes unstable at finite temperature due to the Landau-Peierls instability attributed to the excitation of the Nambu-Goldstone modes, with the result that there is no long-range order, while quasi-long-range order is realized instead. On the other hand, chirally inhomogeneous phases with two- or three-dimensional modulations may be realized as a true long-range ordered phase at any temperature, as inferred from the Landau-Peierls theorem. We here consider possible strategies to explore a multidimensional structure of chiral crystals.

Published
2017

22. Neutron Star Cooling with Various Superfluid and Superconducting States

Author

Yasuhide Matsuo, Tsuneo Noda, Masa-aki Hashimoto, Nobutoshi Yasutake, Toshitaka Tatsumi, and Toshiki Maruyama

Subjects
Superconductivity, Superfluidity, Physics, Nuclear physics, Neutron star, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, 0103 physical sciences, Astronomy, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Published
2017

23. Multi-Dimensional Structure of Crystalline Chiral Condensates in Quark Matter

Author

K. Nishiyama, Tong-Gyu Lee, Toshitaka Tatsumi, Nobutoshi Yasutake, and Toshiki Maruyama

Subjects
Physics, Strange matter, Particle physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, 0103 physical sciences, QCD vacuum, Multi dimensional, Structure (category theory), 010306 general physics, 01 natural sciences
Published
2017

24. Kaon Condensation in Hyperonic Matter and Equation of State

Author

Toshitaka Tatsumi, Toshiki Maruyama, and Takumi Muto

Subjects
Physics, Equation of state, Particle physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, 0103 physical sciences, Condensation, Thermodynamics, 010306 general physics, 01 natural sciences
Published
2017

25. Enhanced photosynthetic capacity increases nitrogen metabolism through the coordinated regulation of carbon and nitrogen assimilation in Arabidopsis thaliana

Author

Shigeru Shigeoka, Kumi Otori, Noriaki Tanabe, Masahiro Tamoi, Toshiki Maruyama, Shigeru Sato, and Shuichi Yanagisawa

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, 0301 basic medicine, Chloroplasts, Nitrogen, Nitrogen assimilation, Arabidopsis, Plant Science, Biology, Nitrate reductase, Photosynthesis, 01 natural sciences, 03 medical and health sciences, Botany, Nitrogen cycle, Arabidopsis Proteins, fungi, food and beverages, Plant physiology, Starch, Metabolism, Plants, Genetically Modified, Photosynthetic capacity, Carbon, Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases, Fructose-Bisphosphatase, Chloroplast, 030104 developmental biology, Phenotype, Biochemistry, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract

Plant growth and productivity depend on interactions between the metabolism of carbon and nitrogen. The sensing ability of internal carbon and nitrogen metabolites (the C/N balance) enables plants to regulate metabolism and development. In order to investigate the effects of an enhanced photosynthetic capacity on the metabolism of carbon and nitrogen in photosynthetically active tissus (source leaves), we herein generated transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana plants (ApFS) that expressed cyanobacterial fructose-1,6-/sedoheptulose-1,7-bisphosphatase in their chloroplasts. The phenotype of ApFS plants was indistinguishable from that of wild-type plants at the immature stage. However, as plants matured, the growth of ApFS plants was superior to that of wild-type plants. Starch levels were higher in ApFS plants than in wild-type plants at 2 and 5 weeks. Sucrose levels were also higher in ApFS plants than in wild-type plants, but only at 5 weeks. On the other hand, the contents of various free amino acids were lower in ApFS plants than in wild-type plants at 2 weeks, but were similar at 5 weeks. The total C/N ratio was the same in ApFS plants and wild-type plants, whereas nitrite levels increased in parallel with elevations in nitrate reductase activity at 5 weeks in ApFS plants. These results suggest that increases in the contents of photosynthetic intermediates at the early growth stage caused a temporary imbalance in the free-C/free-N ratio and, thus, the feedback inhibition of the expression of genes involved in the Calvin cycle and induction of the expression of those involved in nitrogen metabolism due to supply deficient free amino acids for maintenance of the C/N balance in source leaves of ApFS plants.

Published
2017

26. Investigation of Moving Coil DC Motor Focused on Acceleration Characteristics

Author

Tomoki Terashima, Shintaro Yoshida, Kazuaki Oyaizu, Toshiki Maruyama, Yinggang Bu, Kaname Inoue, Tsutomu Mizuno, Akihiro Nitta, and Hideyuki Kinjo

Subjects
Engineering, Acceleration, business.industry, Electromagnetic coil, Electrical engineering, business, DC motor, Finite element method
Published
2014

27. Measurements of directed, elliptic, and triangular flow in Cu + Au collisions at sNN=200 GeV

Author

Martin Purschke, C. A. Aidala, Z. Rowan, M. Mendoza, D. Kotchetkov, Atsushi Takahara, Shunji Nishimura, K. A. Drees, A. Ster, N. Feege, M. Moskowitz, V. Bumazhnov, M. Patel, D. Black, Hideyuki Oide, X. Jiang, J. Rak, Agneta Oskarsson, D. Kotov, H. Ge, Y. Tanaka, N. Cronin, T. Niida, K. Nakano, E. Mannel, A. Lebedev, Alexander Milov, J. Klatsky, Y. Berdnikov, I. Nakagawa, S. H. Lee, W. E. Sondheim, C. McKinney, Brennan Schaefer, Alice Mignerey, K. N. Barish, Young-Ki Kim, T. Engelmore, N. Novitzky, J. T. Mitchell, A. Sexton, R. Seto, T. W. Danley, K. Watanabe, B. Fadem, Jason Kamin, S. Nagamiya, O. Drapier, J. B. Choi, L. Zou, K. Boyle, S. P. Stoll, Vaclav Vrba, L. D'Orazio, S. Miyasaka, Pawan Kumar Netrakanti, Barbara Jacak, J. E. Frantz, M. L. Brooks, K. Shoji, N. Hotvedt, R. Seidl, D. P. Morrison, J. Huang, Ryugo S. Hayano, X. He, M. Beaumier, K. S. Joo, Aaron White, S. Kanda, Yongsun Kim, B. Meredith, Vladislav Manko, Jongmin Lee, A. Taranenko, D. K. Mishra, S. Campbell, B. H. Kang, Y. Riabov, R. Belmont, S. Yokkaichi, Robert Vertesi, Prakhar Garg, M. Wysocki, R. S. Hollis, S. Baumgart, M. S. Daugherity, J. Koster, Shoichi Hasegawa, P. W. Stankus, B. Bannier, Takao Sakaguchi, A. Sen, A. Shaver, Y. Fukao, Kenta Shigaki, J. G. Rubin, A. Mwai, A. Meles, E. T. Atomssa, J. Bryslawskyj, S. J. Jeon, Ferdinando Giordano, H. A. Torii, Toru Sugitate, A. Enokizono, P. K. Khandai, A. Taketani, Priyanka Sett, A. S. Nyanin, Y. L. Yamaguchi, A. D. Frawley, D. Jouan, Minghui Liu, M. Grosse Perdekamp, X. Bai, S. K. Park, Tatsuya Chujo, S. Mizuno, C. Gal, R. A. Soltz, H. Nakagomi, T. Hoshino, C. L. Silva, T. Murakami, B. Komkov, S. Choi, E. Kistenev, Rachid Nouicer, A. N. Zelenski, D. S. Jumper, D. E. Fields, N. S. Bandara, Vladimir Samsonov, Christine Nattrass, J. H. Kang, J. Sun, C. Baumann, M. Skolnik, S. Sawada, A. Franz, Julia Velkovska, Y. J. Kwon, J. S. Haggerty, T. Hester, K. Dehmelt, J. M. Durham, J. H. Do, R. Kitamura, C. L. Towell, Susumu Sato, François Fleuret, Jen-Chieh Peng, Hari Guragain, M. S. Ryu, C. L. Woody, A. Berdnikov, S. Wolin, Jong-Min Park, Taku Gunji, D. Yu Peressounko, Dennis Perepelitsa, H. F. Hamilton, Kenneth Francis Read, R. S. Towell, Prashant Shukla, I. Ravinovich, S. Tarafdar, Norio Saito, Tsutomu Mibe, D. Reynolds, M. Rosati, Tamás Csörgő, A. Deshpande, P. Steinberg, Tomofumi Nagae, J. L. Nagle, Takahiro Fusayasu, M. McCumber, C. P. Singh, S. F. Pate, Maya Hachiya Shimomura, Vardan Khachatryan, Ke. Nakamura, J. S. Kang, Inkyu Park, M. Bai, A. Timilsina, Xiong Wang, T. Ichihara, Y. I. Makdisi, S. H. Lim, Petr Gallus, H. Asano, N. Riveli, Dong Jo Kim, Timothy Thomas Rinn, B. M. Johnson, Senta Greene, V. S. Pantuev, Filip Krizek, Henner Buesching, D. Silvermyr, Y. Nakamiya, D. Lynch, S. P. Whitaker, Jiangyong Jia, E. O'Brien, A. Drees, I. J. Choi, B. Xia, J. A. Key, A. Garishvili, J. S. Kapustinsky, A. Isinhue, Sung Keun Park, Y. S. Lai, H. Van Hecke, A. Yanovich, A. Veicht, M. J. Tannenbaum, J. D. Osborn, I. V. Sourikova, D. Ivanishchev, V. Babintsev, M. Tomášek, S. Butsyk, I. Tserruya, Y. Ikeda, Y. Goto, X. Gong, N. N. Ajitanand, M. Jezghani, S. R. P. Mohapatra, Inseok Yoon, Zhiying You, B. K. Schmoll, K. Okada, James Alexander, B. Sahlmueller, S. Solano, V. Singh, N. Grau, M. J. Leitch, E. Tennant, M. Finger, V. Papavassiliou, Byung-Sik Hong, T. Koblesky, Y. Watanabe, S. Zhou, G. D. N. Perera, C. A. Ogilvie, Takahiro Nakamura, M. Leitgab, A. Bazilevsky, T. K. Hemmick, Bhawani Singh, B. J. Ramson, M. Sarsour, Shuo Han, Yasuo Miake, J. Seele, J. Sziklai, H. W. Yu, H. Sako, K. DeBlasio, M. Slunečka, Viktor Riabov, Serpil Yalcin, D. Kleinjan, P. L. McGaughey, R. Pinson, M. Virius, Don McGlinchey, D. M. Lee, A. Glenn, Motoi Inaba, J. C. Hill, Brian Cole, S. D. Rolnick, R. Akimoto, G. H. Lee, Eunja Kim, A. Durum, K. B. Lee, J. D. Orjuela Koop, S. Bathe, D. Kawall, K. Tanida, C. H. Chen, W. A. Zajc, I. Garishvili, F. Wei, A. Manion, L. Xue, Kensuke Homma, E. Richardson, V. Baublis, Mate Csanad, S. Beckman, A. Denisov, Yuki Watanabe, V. Cianciolo, C. Pinkenburg, M. Chiu, Ajit Kumar Mohanty, T. A. Shibata, L. Ding, Sergey Fokin, M. Kofarago, D. Roach, K. M. Kijima, A. V. Kazantsev, Zvi Hirsh Citron, M. I. Nagy, M. Nihashi, D. Watanabe, K. Hashimoto, D. Isenhower, E. Vznuzdaev, Xingguo Li, Tamas Novak, T. Moon, M. Gonin, N. Crossette, Animesh Datta, T. Sumita, Kei Nagashima, A. Sukhanov, K. Kurita, M. Stepanov, G. W. Kim, Matthew Snowball, R. P. Pisani, I. Shein, L. Patel, Raphael Noel Tieulent, C. Y. Chi, Yasutada Akiba, Y. Sekiguchi, T. C. Awes, Kyoichiro Ozawa, C. O. Kim, R. Pak, S. P. Sorensen, M. Kurosawa, J. H. Yoo, K. Sedgwick, Mihael Makek, J. G. Lajoie, M. Alfred, T. Hachiya, S. Lee, Jennifer E. Perry, B. Lewis, B. Kimelman, Y. Imazu, N. Apadula, R. Petti, S. Esumi, D. Sharma, B. Azmoun, P. Kline, K. S. Lee, A. Dion, T. O. S. Haseler, H. Qu, P. B. Diss, Hideki Hamagaki, K. Aoki, M. Vargyas, G. David, T. Todoroki, K. I. Hahn, P. Montuenga, I. Younus, Peter Christiansen, Y. Gu, M. R. Stone, K. Imai, K. O. Eyser, R. Lacey, R. Granier de Cassagnac, A. Adare, Charles Maguire, Anne Marie Sickles, K. Gainey, J. S. Bok, Alexei Khanzadeev, E. Stenlund, S. Huang, Toshiki Maruyama, T. V. Moukhanova, Dmitry Blau, E. J. Desmond, J. Hanks, E. Vazquez-Zambrano, I. E. Yushmanov, Min-Hye Kim, A. Iordanova, and J. Murata

Subjects
Physics, Research program, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Atomic energy, Library science, 01 natural sciences, The arts, Bildung, Scholarship, 0103 physical sciences, Agency (sociology), 010306 general physics, Soviet union, China
Abstract

We thank the staff of the Collider-Accelerator and Physics Departments at Brookhaven National Laboratory and the staff of the other PHENIX participating institutions for their vital contributions. We acknowledge support from the Office of Nuclear Physics in the Office of Science of the Department of Energy, the National Science Foundation, Abilene Christian University Research Council, Research Foundation of SUNY, and Dean of the College of Arts and Sciences, Vanderbilt University (USA), Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology and the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (Japan), Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico and Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo (Brazil), Natural Science Foundation of China (People's Republic of China), Croatian Science Foundation and Ministry of Science, Education, and Sports (Croatia), Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports (Czech Republic), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Commissariat a l' Energie Atomique, and Institut National de Physique Nucleaire et de Physique des Particules (France), Bundesministerium fur Bildung und Forschung, Deutscher Akademischer Austausch Dienst, and Alexander von Humboldt Stiftung (Germany), National Science Fund, OTKA, Karoly Robert University College, and the Ch. Simonyi Fund (Hungary), Department of Atomic Energy and Department of Science and Technology (India), Israel Science Foundation (Israel), Basic Science Research Program through NRF of the Ministry of Education (Korea), Physics Department, Lahore University of Management Sciences (Pakistan), Ministry of Education and Science, Russian Academy of Sciences, Federal Agency of Atomic Energy (Russia), VR and Wallenberg Foundation (Sweden), the US Civilian Research and Development Foundation for the Independent States of the Former Soviet Union, the Hungarian American Enterprise Scholarship Fund, and the US-Israel Binational Science Foundation.

Published
2016

28. Development of Microstructures of Long-Period Stacking Ordered Structures in Mg85Y9Zn6 Alloys Annealed at 673 K (400 °C) Examined by Small-Angle X-Ray Scattering

Author

Toshiki Horiuchi, Michiaki Yamasaki, Yoshihito Kawamura, Hiroshi Okuda, Toshiki Maruyama, Koji Hagihara, and Shinji Kohara

Subjects
Diffraction, Crystallography, Materials science, Structural material, Mechanics of Materials, Scattering, Small-angle X-ray scattering, Annealing (metallurgy), Metals and Alloys, Stacking, Synchrotron radiation, Condensed Matter Physics, Microstructure
Abstract

Development of LPSO structure and in-plane ordering during annealing the Mg85Y9Zn ternary alloy sample at 673 K (400 °C) was examined by synchrotron radiation small-angle scattering/diffraction measurements. By examining the first diffraction peaks for 18R, 10H, and in-plane order spot, the growth kinetics of in-plane order domain and the transition from 10H into 18R were discussed. The domain growth of in-plane order was characterized by small domain with little correlation between neighboring segregation layers.

Published
2013

29. Single electron yields from semileptonic charm and bottom hadron decays inAu+Aucollisions atsNN=200GeV

Author

K. N. Barish, A. Nukariya, K. Watanabe, K. Shoji, Atsushi Takahara, Shunji Nishimura, S. Kanda, Yongsun Kim, P. W. Stankus, K. A. Drees, J. Rak, J. Klatsky, B. Kimelman, M. L. Brooks, Y. J. Kwon, J. B. Choi, Kei Nagashima, G. W. Kim, Alice Mignerey, L. D'Orazio, S. Miyasaka, Pawan Kumar Netrakanti, Aaron White, R. S. Hollis, J. Midori, P. Montuenga, K. Dehmelt, J. Imrek, Takao Sakaguchi, A. Sen, Raphael Noel Tieulent, J. S. Kang, I. Younus, Peter Christiansen, A. D. Frawley, C. P. Singh, Jen-Chieh Peng, T. Kempel, D. Reynolds, B. M. Johnson, V. S. Pantuev, J. Sun, Filip Krizek, S. Dairaku, Inkyu Park, Jong-Min Park, Taku Gunji, J. Sziklai, Mate Csanad, H. F. Hamilton, Xiong Wang, Dong Jo Kim, T. Niida, Brian Cole, B. Azmoun, C. A. Ogilvie, H. Pei, Maya Hachiya Shimomura, Vardan Khachatryan, Y. I. Makdisi, X. He, A. Lebedev, Y. Aramaki, Robert Vertesi, K. Okada, Y. Nakamiya, D. Lynch, D. Kawall, J. Koster, S. Butsyk, S. Solano, A. Mwai, A. Meles, K. Tanida, B. Meredith, M. Kurosawa, A. Veicht, J. H. Yoo, B. Sahlmueller, M. J. Leitch, S. Zhou, A. Sexton, S. Tarafdar, R. Seto, T. W. Danley, B. Fadem, D. E. Fields, T. K. Hemmick, Bhawani Singh, B. J. Ramson, Yasuo Miake, B. Lewis, M. J. Tannenbaum, B. K. Schmoll, Agneta Oskarsson, S. D. Rolnick, H. A. Torii, Toru Sugitate, K. S. Sim, Y. Gu, J. Huang, H. Asano, Y. Imazu, R. Belmont, E. Tennant, M. McCumber, Marisilvia Donadelli, V. Bumazhnov, I. Shein, S. Yokkaichi, M. Virius, P. Kline, D. Black, M. Chiu, Ajit Kumar Mohanty, Y. Berdnikov, S. H. Lee, Y. Akiba, S. Hayashi, N. Riveli, C. McKinney, Brennan Schaefer, K. S. Lee, A. Dion, S. Nagamiya, S. P. Sorensen, K. Sedgwick, O. Dietzsch, H. Van Hecke, E. T. Atomssa, François Fleuret, Timothy Thomas Rinn, T. A. Shibata, R. S. Towell, I. Garishvili, F. Wei, Sung Keun Park, Mihael Makek, J. D. Orjuela Koop, T. O. S. Haseler, Prakhar Garg, M. Wysocki, H. Qu, Hiromi Iinuma, Vaclav Vrba, A. Ster, N. Feege, P. Steinberg, P. B. Diss, C. H. Chen, C. Gal, B. Bannier, N. N. Ajitanand, Senta Greene, O. Chvala, D. Isenhower, Tamas Novak, T. Moon, Takahiro Fusayasu, Y. Ikeda, Julia Velkovska, R. A. Soltz, C. L. Woody, Hideki Hamagaki, K. Aoki, M. Vargyas, M. Nihashi, M. Rosati, H. Nakagomi, T. Hoshino, G. D. N. Perera, C. L. Silva, G. David, T. Todoroki, Takahiro Nakamura, K. I. Hahn, Tamás Csörgő, R. Akimoto, A. Manion, Animesh Datta, T. Sumita, C. Y. Chi, A. Berdnikov, E. O'Brien, D. Silvermyr, J. M. Durham, Shoichi Hasegawa, S. Choi, Barbara Jacak, J. H. Do, I. Ravinovich, Petr Gallus, C. L. Towell, Susumu Sato, A. Durum, M. Grosse Perdekamp, J. G. Lajoie, M. Alfred, T. Hachiya, N. Crossette, S. Lee, S. P. Whitaker, Martin Purschke, C. A. Aidala, C. Pinkenburg, Prashant Shukla, Jennifer E. Perry, S. F. Pate, Jiangyong Jia, M. E. Connors, A. Taranenko, S. K. Park, K. Imai, A. Yanovich, A. Garishvili, Y. Goto, I. V. Sourikova, M. Stepanov, M. Bai, J. T. Mitchell, S. Taneja, E. Kistenev, Henner Buesching, T. Horaguchi, Steve Edwards, N. S. Bandara, Ke. Nakamura, D. Kleinjan, K. B. Lee, G. Roche, E. C. Aschenauer, Ryugo S. Hayano, K. Karatsu, Vladimir Samsonov, Christine Nattrass, R. P. Pisani, Y. Watanabe, D. Kotchetkov, J. A. Key, Z. Rowan, Y. Riabov, M. Mendoza, Kenta Shigaki, S. N. White, N. Hotvedt, R. Seidl, Vladislav Manko, X. Gong, J. D. Osborn, Inseok Yoon, Zhiying You, A. S. Nyanin, Rachid Nouicer, A. N. Zelenski, Yu. Efremenko, M. Moskowitz, Zvi Hirsh Citron, H. Ge, K. Nakano, Anne Marie Sickles, M. Finger, D. Winter, L. Ding, D. Yu Peressounko, Dennis Perepelitsa, J. H. Kang, J. E. Frantz, Tomofumi Nagae, Jongmin Lee, W. E. Sondheim, D. Ivanishchev, N. Cronin, M. S. Ryu, J. L. Nagle, V. Papavassiliou, L. A. Linden Levy, J. S. Haggerty, S. R. Lee, T. Murakami, E. M. Takagui, K. Gainey, K. Boyle, A. Enokizono, D. Roach, K. M. Kijima, P. K. Khandai, R. K. Choudhury, M. Beaumier, A. Taketani, Priyanka Sett, Y. Tanaka, E. Mannel, D. S. Jumper, K. S. Joo, M. Javani, D. K. Mishra, C. Vale, J. S. Bok, Y. L. Yamaguchi, M. Skolnik, K. Hashimoto, H. J. Moon, J. G. Rubin, S. Sawada, Xingguo Li, A. Timilsina, S. Bathe, N. Apadula, J. Ying, A. Franz, Y. Fukao, S. Mizuno, M. Gonin, R. Petti, Y. S. Lai, Kensuke Homma, E. Richardson, S. Esumi, D. Sharma, A. Sukhanov, K. Kurita, Matthew Snowball, T. Hester, B. Bassalleck, C. O. Kim, R. Pak, B. Voas, K. O. Eyser, A. Isinhue, R. Lacey, N. Grau, R. Granier de Cassagnac, M. Leitgab, Shuo Han, A. Adare, Charles Maguire, Motoi Inaba, J. C. Hill, Min-Hye Kim, A. Iordanova, J. Murata, K. DeBlasio, R. Pinson, Don McGlinchey, S. Wolin, A. V. Kazantsev, Alexei Khanzadeev, M. Patel, X. Jiang, A. Drees, E. Stenlund, S. Huang, Toshiki Maruyama, M. S. Daugherity, Ferdinando Giordano, D. Kotov, Jason Kamin, L. Patel, M. Tomášek, S. P. Stoll, T. C. Awes, Kyoichiro Ozawa, G. S. Kyle, D. Jouan, T. V. Moukhanova, M. Slunečka, P. L. McGaughey, Dmitry Blau, Byung-Sik Hong, A. Bazilevsky, E. J. Desmond, S. Beckman, J. Hanks, L. Zou, E. Vazquez-Zambrano, S. Baumgart, H. W. Yu, Minghui Liu, Y. Tsuchimoto, D. M. Lee, I. E. Yushmanov, Kenneth Francis Read, T. Ichihara, B. Komkov, Norio Saito, Tsutomu Mibe, M. A. L. Leite, S. H. Lim, J. S. Kapustinsky, V. Babintsev, M. I. Nagy, D. Watanabe, I. Tserruya, M. Jezghani, V. Singh, T. Koblesky, M. Sarsour, J. Alexander, A. Glenn, S. R. P. Mohapatra, E. Vznuzdaev, Eunja Kim, H. Obayashi, Viktor Riabov, Alexander Milov, I. Nakagawa, Young-Ki Kim, T. Engelmore, N. Novitzky, O. Drapier, E. R. Kinney, D. P. Morrison, S. Campbell, B. H. Kang, H. Sako, R. Kitamura, Serpil Yalcin, Tatsuya Chujo, W. A. Zajc, L. Xue, J. Bryslawskyj, V. Baublis, A. Denisov, Yuki Watanabe, V. Cianciolo, Beomkyu Kim, A. Deshpande, Sergey Fokin, I. J. Choi, and B. Xia

Subjects
Physics, Quark, Particle physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, Hadron, Particle accelerator, Electron, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, Momentum, Nuclear physics, law, 0103 physical sciences, Quark–gluon plasma, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Charm (quantum number), Nuclear Experiment, 010306 general physics, Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider
Abstract

The PHENIX Collaboration at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider has measured open heavy flavor production in minimum bias Au+Au collisions at sNN−−−−√=200 GeV via the yields of electrons from semileptonic decays of charm and bottom hadrons. Previous heavy flavor electron measurements indicated substantial modification in the momentum distribution of the parent heavy quarks owing to the quark-gluon plasma created in these collisions. For the first time, using the PHENIX silicon vertex detector to measure precision displaced tracking, the relative contributions from charm and bottom hadrons to these electrons as a function of transverse momentum are measured in Au+Au collisions. We compare the fraction of electrons from bottom hadrons to previously published results extracted from electron-hadron correlations in p+p collisions at sNN−−−−√=200 GeV and find the fractions to be similar within the large uncertainties on both measurements for pT>4GeV/c. We use the bottom electron fractions in Au+Au and p+p along with the previously measured heavy flavor electron RAA to calculate the RAA for electrons from charm and bottom hadron decays separately. We find that electrons from bottom hadron decays are less suppressed than those from charm for the region 3

Published
2016

30. ForwardJ/ψproduction in U + U collisions atsNN=193GeV

Author

H. Van Hecke, V. S. Pantuev, Serpil Yalcin, Y. Ikeda, M. Grosse Perdekamp, R. A. Soltz, X. Bai, K. Dehmelt, Alexei Khanzadeev, V. Bumazhnov, E. Stenlund, M. Chiu, Ajit Kumar Mohanty, T. A. Shibata, S. Huang, Toshiki Maruyama, Dmitry Blau, T. Murakami, H. Nakagomi, T. Hoshino, C. L. Silva, J. Hanks, E. Vazquez-Zambrano, D. Black, R. Akimoto, L. Zou, Jen-Chieh Peng, I. E. Yushmanov, S. K. Park, C. Pinkenburg, K. Okada, T. V. Moukhanova, D. Reynolds, Min-Hye Kim, K. Watanabe, W. A. Zajc, L. Xue, Ryugo S. Hayano, M. Patel, V. Baublis, Inkyu Park, J. M. Durham, B. Sahlmueller, X. Jiang, S. Baumgart, A. Iordanova, J. Murata, Xiong Wang, J. H. Do, Maya Hachiya Shimomura, K. Shoji, Y. Riabov, A. Denisov, Yuki Watanabe, V. Cianciolo, Vardan Khachatryan, M. Stepanov, C. L. Towell, Susumu Sato, A. Meles, Dong Jo Kim, M. J. Leitch, Hari Guragain, D. Isenhower, Tamas Novak, T. Moon, M. Skolnik, K. B. Lee, Atsushi Takahara, Kenta Shigaki, S. Kanda, Yongsun Kim, Sergey Fokin, Y. I. Makdisi, P. W. Stankus, S. Tarafdar, Barbara Jacak, Shunji Nishimura, S. Sawada, K. A. Drees, Anne Marie Sickles, K. Gainey, A. S. Nyanin, Y. Tanaka, X. He, D. Kawall, D. Yu Peressounko, A. Franz, E. Mannel, K. Tanida, Dennis Perepelitsa, D. E. Fields, A. Veicht, D. Kotov, Minghui Liu, J. Rak, M. Kurosawa, J. S. Bok, Y. J. Kwon, Rachid Nouicer, A. N. Zelenski, T. Niida, A. Lebedev, I. Tserruya, M. Jezghani, B. Kimelman, Y. Imazu, N. S. Bandara, Vladimir Samsonov, Christine Nattrass, M. S. Daugherity, Ferdinando Giordano, J. Klatsky, J. H. Yoo, E. T. Atomssa, C. L. Woody, A. Berdnikov, Jong-Min Park, Taku Gunji, R. S. Towell, Prashant Shukla, M. McCumber, H. Asano, Zvi Hirsh Citron, S. F. Pate, M. Tomášek, J. B. Choi, Ke. Nakamura, N. Riveli, L. Ding, H. Sako, E. J. Desmond, M. Kofarago, D. Roach, K. M. Kijima, S. Butsyk, V. Singh, T. Koblesky, M. Sarsour, Kenneth Francis Read, T. Ichihara, S. P. Stoll, Robert Vertesi, Shoichi Hasegawa, I. Shein, B. Lewis, S. Zhou, R. Belmont, S. Yokkaichi, J. A. Key, K. O. Eyser, C. Gal, A. Shaver, A. Ster, Sung Keun Park, T. O. S. Haseler, S. Choi, A. V. Kazantsev, R. S. Hollis, J. S. Kang, Julia Velkovska, Tomofumi Nagae, J. L. Nagle, S. D. Rolnick, M. Beaumier, M. J. Tannenbaum, H. Qu, M. Rosati, N. N. Ajitanand, K. S. Joo, Byung-Sik Hong, P. B. Diss, A. Bazilevsky, J. Koster, D. Ivanishchev, K. Hashimoto, Tamás Csörgő, K. Sedgwick, Petr Gallus, R. Lacey, D. K. Mishra, B. K. Schmoll, G. D. N. Perera, V. Papavassiliou, J. H. Kang, Takahiro Nakamura, Xingguo Li, J. G. Rubin, Mihael Makek, E. Kistenev, R. Granier de Cassagnac, J. S. Haggerty, D. Jouan, H. W. Yu, E. Tennant, A. Adare, L. Patel, Charles Maguire, N. Apadula, A. Garishvili, A. Glenn, Y. Sekiguchi, S. P. Whitaker, I. V. Sourikova, Hideki Hamagaki, K. Aoki, M. Vargyas, G. David, T. Todoroki, D. M. Lee, A. Durum, S. Wolin, G. H. Lee, S. P. Sorensen, J. Bryslawskyj, T. C. Awes, Kyoichiro Ozawa, Kei Nagashima, S. Solano, Jiangyong Jia, Y. Goto, J. Huang, G. W. Kim, Senta Greene, R. Petti, A. Taranenko, C. Baumann, S. J. Jeon, Eunja Kim, S. Esumi, D. Sharma, J. Seele, A. Deshpande, C. P. Singh, Raphael Noel Tieulent, K. I. Hahn, Prakhar Garg, M. Wysocki, Alice Mignerey, J. G. Lajoie, M. Slunečka, P. L. McGaughey, B. Komkov, B. Bannier, M. Alfred, T. Hachiya, Y. Watanabe, S. Lee, Jennifer E. Perry, B. M. Johnson, D. Kleinjan, Y. S. Lai, Martin Purschke, Filip Krizek, L. D'Orazio, S. Miyasaka, C. A. Aidala, S. Beckman, Y. Gu, I. J. Choi, B. Xia, S. Bathe, M. Gonin, Norio Saito, Tsutomu Mibe, Pawan Kumar Netrakanti, M. R. Stone, Hideyuki Oide, E. O'Brien, D. Kotchetkov, Alexander Milov, A. Mwai, Aaron White, A. Drees, I. Nakagawa, Young-Ki Kim, T. Engelmore, N. Novitzky, J. Sziklai, M. Moskowitz, A. Sukhanov, K. Kurita, Matthew Snowball, Brian Cole, Takao Sakaguchi, A. Sen, N. Cronin, Timothy Thomas Rinn, Kensuke Homma, E. Richardson, O. Drapier, K. Imai, P. Montuenga, N. Feege, S. H. Lim, I. Garishvili, F. Wei, M. I. Nagy, C. O. Kim, B. Azmoun, A. D. Frawley, K. N. Barish, D. P. Morrison, D. Watanabe, R. Pak, J. Sun, S. Campbell, I. Younus, E. Vznuzdaev, J. S. Kapustinsky, B. H. Kang, V. Babintsev, Animesh Datta, T. Sumita, Peter Christiansen, P. Kline, K. S. Lee, A. Dion, C. Y. Chi, H. F. Hamilton, Tatsuya Chujo, Y. L. Yamaguchi, C. A. Ogilvie, Y. Nakamiya, D. Lynch, T. K. Hemmick, Bhawani Singh, B. J. Ramson, Yasuo Miake, M. L. Brooks, K. DeBlasio, S. Mizuno, R. Pinson, J. T. Mitchell, Don McGlinchey, N. Hotvedt, R. Seidl, Vladislav Manko, R. Kitamura, A. Sexton, J. Alexander, R. Seto, M. S. Ryu, S. R. P. Mohapatra, T. W. Danley, B. Fadem, Viktor Riabov, A. Timilsina, Agneta Oskarsson, Y. Berdnikov, S. H. Lee, Y. Akiba, B. Meredith, C. McKinney, Brennan Schaefer, S. Nagamiya, H. A. Torii, Toru Sugitate, François Fleuret, Jason Kamin, Z. Rowan, M. Mendoza, Vaclav Vrba, H. Ge, K. Nakano, W. E. Sondheim, Mate Csanad, K. Boyle, Henner Buesching, P. Steinberg, Takahiro Fusayasu, M. Nihashi, X. Gong, D. Silvermyr, N. Crossette, R. P. Pisani, Y. Fukao, A. Yanovich, T. Hester, A. Isinhue, N. Grau, M. Leitgab, Shuo Han, Motoi Inaba, J. C. Hill, J. E. Frantz, Jongmin Lee, A. Enokizono, P. K. Khandai, A. Taketani, Priyanka Sett, D. S. Jumper, M. Virius, J. D. Orjuela Koop, C. H. Chen, A. Manion, I. Ravinovich, M. Bai, J. D. Osborn, Inseok Yoon, Zhiying You, and M. Finger

Subjects
Physics, Particle physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, 0103 physical sciences, Energy density, Rapidity, Invariant (mathematics), 010306 general physics, Centrality, 01 natural sciences, Glauber
Abstract

The invariant yields, $dN/dy$, for $J/\ensuremath{\psi}$ production at forward rapidity $(1.2l|y|l2.2)$ in $\mathrm{U}+\mathrm{U}$ collisions at $\sqrt{{s}_{{}_{NN}}}=193\phantom{\rule{4pt}{0ex}}\mathrm{GeV}$ have been measured as a function of collision centrality. The invariant yields and nuclear-modification factor ${R}_{AA}$ are presented and compared with those from $\mathrm{Au}+\mathrm{Au}$ collisions in the same rapidity range. Additionally, the direct ratio of the invariant yields from $\mathrm{U}+\mathrm{U}$ and $\mathrm{Au}+\mathrm{Au}$ collisions within the same centrality class is presented, and used to investigate the role of $c\overline{c}$ coalescence. Two different parametrizations of the deformed Woods-Saxon distribution were used in Glauber calculations to determine the values of the number of nucleon-nucleon collisions in each centrality class, ${N}_{\mathrm{coll}}$, and these were found to give significantly different ${N}_{\mathrm{coll}}$ values. Results using ${N}_{\mathrm{coll}}$ values from both deformed Woods-Saxon distributions are presented. The measured ratios show that the $J/\ensuremath{\psi}$ suppression, relative to binary collision scaling, is similar in $\mathrm{U}+\mathrm{U}$ and $\mathrm{Au}+\mathrm{Au}$ for peripheral and midcentral collisions, but that $J/\ensuremath{\psi}$ show less suppression for the most central $\mathrm{U}+\mathrm{U}$ collisions. The results are consistent with a picture in which, for central collisions, increase in the $J/\ensuremath{\psi}$ yield due to $c\overline{c}$ coalescence becomes more important than the decrease in yield due to increased energy density. For midcentral collisions, the conclusions about the balance between $c\overline{c}$ coalescence and suppression depend on which deformed Woods-Saxon distribution is used to determine ${N}_{\mathrm{coll}}$.

Published
2016

31. Transverse energy production and charged-particle multiplicity at midrapidity in various systems fromsNN=7.7to 200 GeV

Author

I. Garishvili, Akio Kiyomichi, F. Wei, N. Kurihara, Animesh Datta, T. Sumita, M. G. Hur, M. Kurosawa, J. H. Yoo, B. Lewis, J. M. Burward-Hoy, C. Baumann, S. Kametani, C. P. Singh, S. Hayashi, D. Pal, J. Jin, B. M. Johnson, Filip Krizek, K. Dehmelt, A. Isupov, J. Sziklai, Brian Cole, Mate Csanad, Jen-Chieh Peng, B. Voas, K. O. Eyser, Y. Onuki, J. L. Charvet, P. Tarján, Y. J. Mao, A. Král, S. Takagi, H. Van Hecke, S. Bathe, A. Nukariya, D. Reynolds, Inkyu Park, Xiong Wang, Z. Conesa del Valle, Dong Jo Kim, Y. Ikeda, T. Murakami, E. M. Takagui, R. Lacey, Atsushi Takahara, I. Ravinovich, M. Nihashi, Kensuke Homma, E. Richardson, K. N. Barish, Shunji Nishimura, M. Gonin, M. Patel, X. Jiang, Ryugo S. Hayano, J. G. Boissevain, T. E. Miller, Tadaaki Isobe, R. Granier de Cassagnac, A. Adare, J. S. Chai, Robert F. Hobbs, Min-Hye Kim, Y. Le Bornec, Masashi Kaneta, Alberica Toia, C. Silvestre, S. Chernichenko, R. A. Soltz, David D'Enterria, N. Crossette, H. Lim, A. Veicht, Charles Maguire, A. Kiss, M. Naglis, Y. Nagata, B. Bassalleck, Yuhei Morino, Steven Kelly, K. A. Drees, J. Rak, Y. Riabov, S. Sano, Kei Nagashima, R. P. Pisani, M. Bai, H. Nakagomi, M. Skolnik, T. Hoshino, G. W. Kim, P. Chung, A. Denisov, Marisilvia Donadelli, Kenta Shigaki, M. Konno, Torsten Dahms, M. Slunečka, V. Bumazhnov, M. P. Comets, J. Klatsky, D. Black, E. C. Aschenauer, R. Akimoto, S. S. Ryu, Hari Guragain, J. Imrek, M. Holmes, C. L. Silva, D. H. Kim, S. Sawada, K. Hasuko, Z. Yasin, B. Azmoun, G. C. Mishra, J. Ying, A. Franz, Christophe Pierre Suire, Alexander Milov, I. Nakagawa, P. L. McGaughey, M. Nguyen, Young-Ki Kim, Henner Buesching, Raphael Noel Tieulent, Nikolay Tyurin, T. Engelmore, N. Novitzky, Jihyun Bhom, J. B. Choi, W. S. Emam, Y. Nakamiya, D. Lynch, M. N. Wagner, M. Kawashima, Steve Edwards, S. Tarafdar, H. Pei, J. Chiba, Alice Mignerey, A. Sukhanov, K. Kurita, K. S. Sim, T. Tabaru, Y. Gu, H. Asano, R. S. Towell, Prashant Shukla, H. Kanou, Jong-Min Park, S. F. Pate, Y. Fukao, Y. J. Kwon, J. Alexander, Taku Gunji, H. Gong, M. I. Nagy, M. S. Daugherity, H. Pereira, F. Kajihara, A. S. Nyanin, G. Baksay, A. Shevel, A. Basye, Junji Tojo, C. Pinkenburg, O. Drapier, Frank Ellinghaus, Matthew Snowball, J. D. Osborn, Inseok Yoon, Zhiying You, S. Beckman, Eun Joo Kim, R. S. Hollis, Ferdinando Giordano, Ke. Nakamura, E. P. Hartouni, R. Bennett, H. Al-Bataineh, H. Delagrange, R. Tanabe, Y. Komatsu, B. Love, M. T. Bjorndal, T. Hester, L. D'Orazio, M. R. Stone, S. Miyasaka, R. Yang, J. A. Key, S. Butsyk, Rachid Nouicer, D. Watanabe, A. N. Zelenski, Hiromi Iinuma, H. Hiejima, D. S. Brown, Marcus Hohlmann, S. W. Nam, Ralf Peter Averbeck, S. Motschwiller, E. R. Kinney, Marie Germain, S. Zhou, Ahmed Al-Jamel, T. L.T. Thomas, M. Finger, W. C. Smith, J. M. Durham, H. A. Gustafsson, D. P. Morrison, J. E. Frantz, D. Ivanishchev, Jongmin Lee, S. D. Rolnick, Y. S. Kim, B. Komkov, M. D. Malik, X. Gong, Pawan Kumar Netrakanti, E. Vznuzdaev, V. Papavassiliou, Sébastien Gadrat, C.Y. Chi, Joakim Nystrand, J. H. Do, A. Iordanova, C. L. Towell, Susumu Sato, C. O. Kim, Senta Greene, J. T. Mitchell, K. Imai, Ajit Kumar Mohanty, S. Campbell, T. A. Shibata, M. Stepanov, G. Roche, T. Sato, Laurent Bernard Aphecetche, L. Zou, A. G. Litvinenko, P. Kline, K. S. Lee, Herve Borel, A. Dion, S. Taneja, Eva Haslum, B. H. Kang, J. Murata, V. E. Semenov, N. Hotvedt, R. Seidl, R. Pak, Aaron White, Norio Saito, Tsutomu Mibe, M. A. L. Leite, Hideyuki Oide, J. Huang, Bum-Hoon Lee, S. Solano, A. Isinhue, Vladislav Manko, S. Baumgart, A. Enokizono, D. Isenhower, Masamichi Ishihara, P. K. Khandai, M. K. Dayananda, Prakhar Garg, Margaret Harvey, A. Taketani, Priyanka Sett, K. Karatsu, Tamas Novak, T. Moon, L. Mašek, M. Wysocki, B. Bannier, V-N. Tram, N. Grau, M. K. Lee, Y. Hori, Anne Marie Sickles, H. Al-Ta'Ani, Tatsuya Chujo, I. Tserruya, J. Gosset, H. Themann, K. Gainey, Minghui Liu, Takao Sakaguchi, A. Sen, L. Guo, J. L. Klay, Alexei Khanzadeev, Barbara Jacak, D. S. Jumper, M. Leitgab, Shinichi Masumoto, Shuo Han, L. A. Linden Levy, S. Kaneti, Makoto Oka, S. P. Sorensen, M. S. Ryu, S. H. Lim, V. L. Rykov, B. E. Norman, J. P. Sullivan, J. P. Wessels, J. Seele, J. S. Kang, M. Heffner, A. Ster, N. Feege, Kenneth Francis Read, Rushan Han, M. N. Hagiwara, E. Stenlund, M. Jezghani, V. Singh, S. Huang, Timothy Thomas Rinn, H. J. Kim, Dylan Walker, R. Belmont, C. Vale, B. S. Chang, J. S. Bok, S. R. P. Mohapatra, T. Niida, E. O'Brien, Motoi Inaba, J. C. Hill, S. Dairaku, P. Liebing, T. Ichihara, N. S. Bandara, J. S. Kapustinsky, S. V. Afanasiev, H. Sakata, H. Sako, R. M. Wright, C. Zhang, A. Lebedev, A. Timilsina, Toshiki Maruyama, Christine Angela Aidala, J. Newby, O. Chvala, V. Babintsev, O. Zaudtke, M. Tomášek, M. Rosati, X. H. Li, Paul Constantin, Franz E. Bauer, T. Koblesky, M. Beaumier, M. Ouchida, S. Belikov, K. S. Joo, A. V. Kazantsev, Vladimir Samsonov, I. Otterlund, Christine Nattrass, A. Bazilevsky, K. Sakashita, Tamás Csörgő, A. D. Frawley, M. C. McCain, G. S. Kyle, N. Willis, N. Means, D. K. Mishra, P. Ružička, M. Virius, J. Asai, Manabu Togawa, V. S. Pantuev, Byung-Sik Hong, M. Sarsour, J. G. Lajoie, M. Grosse Perdekamp, J. G. Rubin, X. Bai, Y. Watanabe, L. Tomášek, G. R. Young, D. Kotov, J. Sun, M. Alfred, T. Hachiya, P. Mikeš, M. Sano, Agneta Oskarsson, S. Lee, J. Egdemir, Jennifer E. Perry, N. Apadula, M. E. Connors, Bruno Espagnon, H. W. Yu, Shingo Sakai, S. H. Aronson, S. K. Park, Viktor Riabov, Shoichi Hasegawa, J. D. Orjuela Koop, C. H. Chen, D. Mukhopadhyay, G. David, A. Vossen, Tomofumi Nagae, J. L. Nagle, L. Patel, S. Leckey, A. Shaver, A. Kravitz, Sung Keun Park, A. Taranenko, J. Hamblen, A. A. Vinogradov, D. M. Lee, Hiroaki Ohnishi, K. B. Lee, Henrik Tydesjö, S. P. Whitaker, A. Manion, S. H. Lee, Serpil Yalcin, G. H. Lee, Y. Cobigo, C. McKinney, S. Choi, P. Castera, A. Glenn, Hirohiko Sato, S. Yokkaichi, S. K. Tuli, J. M. Heuser, R. Petti, M. Mishra, Brennan Schaefer, S. Nagamiya, S. J. Jeon, Kazuhiro Tanaka, A. Soldatov, J. Bryslawskyj, Jiangyong Jia, Y. Goto, T. Horaguchi, Y. Sekiguchi, T. C. Awes, Kyoichiro Ozawa, T. Liška, Josh Moss, Aaron Angerami, D. Kawall, Jun Kikuchi, K. Tanida, N. N. Ajitanand, Vaclav Vrba, Klaus Johannes Reygers, Astrid Morreale, Jason Kamin, T. V. Moukhanova, S. Esumi, Eunja Kim, Kenjiro Miki, H. Obayashi, David Olle Rickard Silvermyr, Bruno Lenzi, Rui Wei, W. Holzmann, H. F. Hamilton, D. Sharma, E. Kistenev, Maya Hachiya Shimomura, V. I. Kochetkov, C. L. Woody, Vardan Khachatryan, A. Berdnikov, W. A. Zajc, Yu. Efremenko, M. Proissl, P. Rosnet, L. Ding, Dmitry Blau, S. Mioduszewski, M. Kofarago, D. Kleinjan, L. Xue, K. Fujiwara, R. Ichimiya, D. Winter, D. Yu Peressounko, Y. I. Makdisi, D. Roach, K. M. Kijima, P. Lichtenwalner, G. D. N. Perera, V. Baublis, Yuki Watanabe, Y. L. Yamaguchi, V. Cianciolo, Zvi Hirsh Citron, Dennis Perepelitsa, H. Harada, K. Hashimoto, S. P. Stoll, E. J. Desmond, Sergey Fokin, J. H. Kang, Y. Miyachi, A. Caringi, J. S. Haggerty, Takahiro Nakamura, Tae-Yeon Lee, S. R. Lee, A. Romana, Xingguo Li, Gerd Joachim Kunde, Martin Purschke, F. Gastineau, S. Mizuno, I. Shein, K. Okada, T. W. Jones, Petr Gallus, J. Hanks, M. B. Deaton, E. Vazquez-Zambrano, A. Nederlof, B. Sahlmueller, Y. Berdnikov, O. Dietzsch, A. Garishvili, A. Hadj Henni, I. Danchev, E. T. Atomssa, Gary Grim, H. Valle, K. Sedgwick, H. En'yo, I. V. Sourikova, Dipanwita Dutta, S. Batsouli, K. V. Dharmawardane, A. Rakotozafindrabe, Y. Tanaka, Susumu Oda, E. Mannel, T. K. Shea, J. L. Drachenberg, Alberto Baldisseri, Mihael Makek, C. Gal, M. J. Leitch, M. J. Kweon, Julia Velkovska, Y. S. Lai, D. Kotchetkov, Beomkyu Kim, M. Javani, T. Shohjoh, M. Kasai, Y. Tsuchimoto, Y. Iwanaga, S. S.E. Rosendahl, M. J. Tannenbaum, H. J. Moon, F. Staley, L. Baksay, Wei Xie, A. Deshpande, A. Durum, M. Moskowitz, I. E. Yushmanov, G. Bunce, R. Kitamura, Z. Fraenkel, B. K. Schmoll, J.-G. Park, N. Cronin, A. P.T. Palounek, E. Tennant, I. J. Choi, S. Rembeczki, B. Xia, R. K. Choudhury, D. Bucher, K. Yamaura, A. Meles, Osamu Jinnouchi, P. Steinberg, Matthew G. Reuter, Takahiro Fusayasu, I. D. Ojha, Alexander Malakhov, L. S. Zolin, W. J. Park, Christopher Rosen, P. D. Barnes, A. Yanovich, Z. Rowan, Tomoya Tsuji, M. Mendoza, M. L. Brooks, S. N. White, Deepa Thomas, H. Ge, K. Das, K. Nakano, K. B. Kim, W. E. Sondheim, K. Boyle, P. A. Rukoyatkin, D. Hornback, S. Y. Fung, A. Churyn, D. Danley, B. Meredith, Hongfang Liu, D. E. Fields, H. A. Torii, Toru Sugitate, L. D. Isenhower, D. Jouan, M. McCumber, A. K. Purwar, N. Riveli, François Fleuret, B. Forestier, M. Chiu, M. K. Mitrovski, C. A. Ogilvie, T. K. Hemmick, Bhawani Singh, B. J. Ramson, Yasuo Miake, K. DeBlasio, L. Kochenda, M. Issah, R. Pinson, Y. Akiba, Don McGlinchey, T. Kawagishi, S. Wolin, K. Watanabe, Christian Klein-Boesing, N. Kamihara, Aram Kim, F. Matathias, R. Armendariz, Byoungchoo Park, K. Shoji, Anand Kumar Dubey, C. Oakley, A. Drees, J. Kubart, S. Kanda, Yongsun Kim, P. W. Stankus, B. Kimelman, J. Midori, P. Montuenga, C. R. Cleven, I. Younus, C. Haegemann, Y. Inoue, Peter Christiansen, P. J. Kroon, T. Kempel, Y. Imazu, Steven E. Skutnik, T. O. S. Haseler, H. Qu, P. B. Diss, Hideki Hamagaki, K. Aoki, M. Vargyas, T. Todoroki, K. I. Hahn, A. Sexton, A. Kozlov, R. Seto, K. Haruna, B. Fadem, V. Dzhordzhadze, X. He, J. Zimamyi, O. O. Omiwade, Y. Aramaki, V. Peresedov, Robert Vertesi, J. Koster, H. Masui, A. A. Bickley, and A. Mwai

Subjects
Physics, Particle physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Critical phenomena, Constituent quark, Kinetic energy, 01 natural sciences, Charged particle, Nuclear physics, 0103 physical sciences, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Rapidity, Multiplicity (chemistry), Nuclear Experiment, 010306 general physics, Nucleon, Glauber
Abstract

Measurements of midrapidity charged particle multiplicity distributions, $dN_{\rm ch}/d\eta$, and midrapidity transverse-energy distributions, $dE_T/d\eta$, are presented for a variety of collision systems and energies. Included are distributions for Au$+$Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{_{NN}}}=200$, 130, 62.4, 39, 27, 19.6, 14.5, and 7.7 GeV, Cu$+$Cu collisions at $\sqrt{s_{_{NN}}}=200$ and 62.4 GeV, Cu$+$Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{_{NN}}}=200$ GeV, U$+$U collisions at $\sqrt{s_{_{NN}}}=193$ GeV, $d$$+$Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{_{NN}}}=200$ GeV, $^{3}$He$+$Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{_{NN}}}=200$ GeV, and $p$$+$$p$ collisions at $\sqrt{s_{_{NN}}}=200$ GeV. Centrality-dependent distributions at midrapidity are presented in terms of the number of nucleon participants, $N_{\rm part}$, and the number of constituent quark participants, $N_{q{\rm p}}$. For all $A$$+$$A$ collisions down to $\sqrt{s_{_{NN}}}=7.7$ GeV, it is observed that the midrapidity data are better described by scaling with $N_{q{\rm p}}$ than scaling with $N_{\rm part}$. Also presented are estimates of the Bjorken energy density, $\varepsilon_{\rm BJ}$, and the ratio of $dE_T/d\eta$ to $dN_{\rm ch}/d\eta$, the latter of which is seen to be constant as a function of centrality for all systems.

Published
2016

32. Measurement of higher cumulants of net-charge multiplicity distributions inAu+Aucollisions atsNN=7.7–200GeV

Author

Alexander Milov, I. Nakagawa, R. Luechtenborg, Young-Ki Kim, T. Engelmore, N. Novitzky, O. Drapier, E. R. Kinney, D. P. Morrison, S. Campbell, C. Silvestre, B. H. Kang, S. Choi, S. Tarafdar, Sung Keun Park, Alice Mignerey, Marisilvia Donadelli, V. Bumazhnov, D. Black, Kenjiro Miki, N. N. Ajitanand, Bruno Lenzi, H. Al-Ta'Ani, Tatsuya Chujo, P. Rosnet, H. Asano, R. A. Soltz, L. D'Orazio, S. Miyasaka, Pawan Kumar Netrakanti, K. Fujiwara, M. Naglis, E. Kistenev, Eva Haslum, J. Alexander, Takao Sakaguchi, A. Sen, Takahiro Nakamura, C. L. Silva, D. H. Kim, Tomoya Tsuji, M. Mendoza, R. Tanabe, Y. L. Yamaguchi, H. A. Gustafsson, Frank Ellinghaus, K. Dehmelt, Jen-Chieh Peng, S. V. Afanasiev, H. Sako, S. R. P. Mohapatra, C. Zhang, L. Guo, Alexei Khanzadeev, Susumu Oda, K. V. Dharmawardane, J. M. Durham, J. H. Do, A. Nukariya, Martin Purschke, C. A. Aidala, E. Leitner, Shinichi Masumoto, A. D. Frawley, P. Ružička, D. Reynolds, H. Van Hecke, E. Stenlund, S. Huang, Viktor Riabov, A. Ster, J. Sun, S. N. White, Atsushi Takahara, Alberica Toia, A. Durum, Susumu Sato, K. A. Drees, Inkyu Park, Xiong Wang, Y. Ikeda, Y. Fukao, C. A. Ogilvie, Toshiki Maruyama, W. Holzmann, J. Newby, R. S. Towell, K. Yamaura, Dong Jo Kim, J. Rak, D. Kawall, K. Tanida, Aaron Angerami, T. Hester, Kisung Lee, Zvi Hirsh Citron, W. A. Zajc, T. K. Hemmick, Bhawani Singh, Y. Tanaka, E. Mannel, K. Das, I. Garishvili, F. Wei, D. Kotchetkov, Y. J. Kwon, K. Nakano, J. Klatsky, A. Meles, M. Gonin, V. Baublis, A. Denisov, Yuki Watanabe, V. Cianciolo, Sergey Fokin, Yasuo Miake, R. Akimoto, K. B. Kim, A. Veicht, J. B. Choi, A. Kiss, M. Javani, Johannes Peter Wessels, Maya Hachiya Shimomura, N. A. Sparks, W. E. Sondheim, Y. I. Makdisi, S. Baumgart, Masamichi Ishihara, Nagahiro Saito, Paul Constantin, J. Ide, Gerd Joachim Kunde, Henner Buesching, Barbara Jacak, I. Shein, Rushan Han, K. N. Barish, Hongfang Liu, D. E. Fields, C. Pinkenburg, A. Sukhanov, K. Kurita, Steve Edwards, M. Moskowitz, K. Boyle, P. A. Rukoyatkin, S. Solano, Minghui Liu, L. Kochenda, M. Issah, H. Pereira, H. J. Moon, L. Baksay, I. Tserruya, Animesh Datta, C. Y. Chi, R. S. Hollis, E. P. Hartouni, K. Sedgwick, T. V. Moukhanova, Mihael Makek, A. Isinhue, S. Bathe, Don McGlinchey, M. Stepanov, G. Roche, A. Yu. Semenov, N. Grau, A. Taranenko, X. Gong, J. S. Kang, S. Sano, Bum-Hoon Lee, D. Hornback, M. Heffner, Kenneth Francis Read, B. Meredith, M. McCumber, A. K. Purwar, V. Singh, T. Ichihara, Z. Fraenkel, N. Riveli, M. Grosse Perdekamp, M. Leitgab, N. Cronin, T. Niida, C. O. Kim, J. Seele, M. J. Tannenbaum, T. Horaguchi, H. Pei, M. I. Nagy, R. Pak, M. Kurosawa, Prakhar Garg, M. Wysocki, L. A. Linden Levy, A. Lebedev, D. Watanabe, K. Sakashita, Marcus Hohlmann, M. Sarsour, B. Bannier, D. Kotov, A. V. Kazantsev, Y. Watanabe, H. A. Torii, Motoi Inaba, J. C. Hill, M. L. Brooks, R. M. Wright, Mate Csanad, M. E. Connors, M. D. Malik, E. Vznuzdaev, E. Tennant, B. Love, B. Lewis, S. Kaneti, S. P. Sorensen, Toru Sugitate, A. Glenn, Kensuke Homma, S. K. Park, V. S. Pantuev, M. Chiu, Ajit Kumar Mohanty, M. Ouchida, T. A. Shibata, C. M. Camacho, R. K. Choudhury, Prashant Shukla, N. Means, S. Belikov, K. S. Joo, D. K. Mishra, Jason Kamin, T. Sato, Agneta Oskarsson, John Wood, R. Belmont, S. Yokkaichi, M. Sano, H. J. Kim, A. Iordanova, J. Murata, O. Chvala, L. Tomášek, S. F. Pate, Y. Berdnikov, E. Richardson, S. H. Lee, Y. Akiba, Eunja Kim, H. Obayashi, Vladimir Samsonov, Christine Nattrass, A. G. Litvinenko, S. Hayashi, J. Jin, Seong H. Kim, S. P. Stoll, François Fleuret, M. Nihashi, C. McKinney, M. Mishra, Dmitry Blau, Yu. Efremenko, S. Nagamiya, Ke. Nakamura, J. Hamblen, J. Bryslawskyj, I. Danchev, C. Baumann, S. Kametani, P. Mikeš, J. G. Lajoie, T. Hachiya, Vaclav Vrba, S. S.E. Rosendahl, N. Apadula, A. Kozlov, Klaus Johannes Reygers, Astrid Morreale, N. Crossette, H. Al-Bataineh, P. Steinberg, E. J. Desmond, J. H. Kang, Y. Miyachi, Takahiro Fusayasu, J. S. Haggerty, S. R. Lee, C. P. Singh, Rui Wei, K. Okada, J. A. Key, R. Seto, R. P. Pisani, G. Bunce, Beomkyu Kim, Wei Xie, B. M. Johnson, J.-G. Park, Filip Krizek, J. Hanks, L. Patel, B. Sahlmueller, A. Kravitz, K. B. Lee, H. En'yo, A. Deshpande, Alexander Malakhov, A. Vossen, E. Vazquez-Zambrano, B. Bassalleck, A. Isupov, A. Nederlof, M. J. Leitch, B. Fadem, M. Kawashima, J. Sziklai, T. C. Awes, Kyoichiro Ozawa, T. Liška, X. He, A. Rakotozafindrabe, R. Petti, S. Motschwiller, S. Esumi, D. Silvermyr, M. Proissl, D. Winter, L. S. Zolin, C. L. Woody, A. Berdnikov, M. Kasai, Y. Tsuchimoto, Brian Cole, I. J. Choi, Y. Aramaki, B. Xia, V. Peresedov, Robert Vertesi, D. Ivanishchev, Tadaaki Isobe, D. Sharma, D. Isenhower, L. Ding, D. Jouan, M. Konno, D. Roach, K. M. Kijima, W. J. Park, Christopher Rosen, D. Yu Peressounko, R. Ichimiya, V. Papavassiliou, Dennis Perepelitsa, Y. S. Lai, S. Wolin, A. Yanovich, P. Tarján, I. E. Yushmanov, T. Murakami, E. M. Takagui, J. Koster, B. Azmoun, Y. J. Mao, K. Hashimoto, Xingguo Li, A. Král, N. Kamihara, M. Slunečka, P. L. McGaughey, H. Masui, Tomofumi Nagae, Yuhei Morino, F. Matathias, J. L. Nagle, P. Castera, Y. Nakamiya, D. Lynch, A. A. Bickley, A. Mwai, Byoungchoo Park, A. Garishvili, A. Drees, Ralf Peter Averbeck, P. Kline, K. S. Lee, A. Dion, M. Skolnik, I. V. Sourikova, Hiromi Iinuma, P. Liebing, G. Baksay, S. Sawada, Senta Greene, J. Ying, A. Franz, E. O'Brien, Ryugo S. Hayano, Y. Riabov, J. T. Mitchell, Kenta Shigaki, M. Nguyen, R. Seidl, Vladislav Manko, P. Chung, A. S. Nyanin, Rachid Nouicer, A. N. Zelenski, M. S. Ryu, J. Imrek, C. Vale, Taku Gunji, H. Gong, F. Kajihara, A. Basye, S. Butsyk, S. Zhou, S. D. Rolnick, M. Rosati, Tamás Csörgő, M. Tomášek, A. A. Vinogradov, S. P. Whitaker, G. S. Kyle, Jiangyong Jia, Y. Goto, D. Kleinjan, O. Dietzsch, E. T. Atomssa, H. Valle, Dipanwita Dutta, C. Gal, Julia Velkovska, Byung-Sik Hong, A. Bazilevsky, K. S. Sim, Y. Gu, D. M. Lee, K. Kiriluk, R. Yang, X. Jiang, Torsten Dahms, K. Imai, B. Voas, K. O. Eyser, Y. Onuki, M. S. Daugherity, Eun Joo Kim, Ferdinando Giordano, Y. Komatsu, B. Komkov, Y. Imazu, R. Lacey, R. Granier de Cassagnac, Tsutomu Mibe, M. A. L. Leite, A. Adare, Charles Maguire, S. H. Lim, J. S. Kapustinsky, S. Taneja, H. Qu, V. Babintsev, K. Karatsu, Y. Hori, Anne Marie Sickles, H. Themann, K. Gainey, J. S. Bok, Hideki Hamagaki, K. Aoki, M. Vargyas, G. David, T. Todoroki, G. R. Young, K. I. Hahn, I. Ravinovich, K. Watanabe, K. Shoji, M. Bai, Yongsun Kim, P. W. Stankus, E. C. Aschenauer, J. Midori, I. Younus, Peter Christiansen, T. Kempel, Zhiying You, R. Bennett, T. L.T. Thomas, M. Finger, J. E. Frantz, Jongmin Lee, A. Enokizono, P. K. Khandai, A. Taketani, Priyanka Sett, D. S. Jumper, Makoto Oka, S. Dairaku, M. Virius, Manabu Togawa, C. H. Chen, and A. Manion

Subjects
Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Lattice field theory, Monte Carlo method, Multiplicity (mathematics), 01 natural sciences, Baryon, Nuclear physics, Pseudorapidity, 0103 physical sciences, Rapidity, 010306 general physics, Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider, Cumulant
Abstract

We report the measurement of cumulants (Cn,n = 1,...,4) of the net-charge distributions measured within pseudorapidity (|η| < 0.35) in Au + Au collis

Published
2016

33. Inclusive cross section and double-helicity asymmetry forπ0production at midrapidity inp+pcollisions ats=510 GeV

Author

Y. Ikeda, C. Pinkenburg, V. Bumazhnov, Anne Marie Sickles, K. Gainey, D. Black, Hideyuki Oide, M. Stepanov, C. Baumann, J. S. Bok, C. A. Ogilvie, T. K. Hemmick, Bhawani Singh, B. J. Ramson, P. Steinberg, Takahiro Fusayasu, Henner Buesching, Yasuo Miake, C. P. Singh, B. M. Johnson, Filip Krizek, Y. Imazu, Serpil Yalcin, K. Kihara, K. DeBlasio, Barbara Jacak, J. Sziklai, R. Pinson, M. Virius, Y. Nakamiya, D. Lynch, S. Solano, Don McGlinchey, Brian Cole, R. A. Soltz, W. A. Zajc, L. Xue, J. H. Kang, J. S. Haggerty, H. Nakagomi, T. Hoshino, J. D. Orjuela Koop, V. Baublis, A. Yanovich, Z. Rowan, M. Mendoza, S. Wolin, Min-Hye Kim, Shoichi Hasegawa, A. Shaver, S. Choi, J. T. Mitchell, X. Gong, A. Denisov, Yuki Watanabe, V. Cianciolo, Sergey Fokin, C. L. Silva, D. H. Kim, S. Bathe, N. Hotvedt, R. Seidl, C. H. Chen, Vladislav Manko, Kensuke Homma, E. Richardson, M. S. Ryu, A. Timilsina, J. Seele, Y. Fukao, A. Manion, M. Kurosawa, J. H. Yoo, J. M. Durham, E. Kistenev, H. Ge, K. Nakano, T. O. S. Haseler, J. H. Do, C. L. Towell, Susumu Sato, Kei Nagashima, G. W. Kim, W. E. Sondheim, J. E. Frantz, A. Drees, Y. J. Kwon, R. Akimoto, Senta Greene, Jongmin Lee, Anders Nils Erik Oskarsson, M. Tomášek, M. Rosati, B. Lewis, Raphael Noel Tieulent, Y. Gu, K. Boyle, A. Meles, A. Ster, H. Qu, P. B. Diss, Martin Purschke, C. A. Aidala, N. S. Bandara, N. Feege, Vladimir Samsonov, Y. S. Lai, Christine Nattrass, T. Hester, M. R. Stone, A. Enokizono, E. O'Brien, B. Meredith, J. S. Kang, M. Chiu, Ajit Kumar Mohanty, Hideki Hamagaki, K. Aoki, M. Vargyas, D. Kawall, T. A. Shibata, P. K. Khandai, R. Kitamura, K. Tanida, D. Kotov, G. David, T. Todoroki, Atsushi Takahara, K. I. Hahn, D. E. Fields, Byung-Sik Hong, A. Bazilevsky, A. Taketani, Priyanka Sett, H. A. Torii, Toru Sugitate, Y. Akiba, Shunji Nishimura, Alexander Milov, M. McCumber, J. Alexander, Zvi Hirsh Citron, V. S. Pantuev, M. Grosse Perdekamp, R. S. Towell, K. Imai, T. Niida, H. W. Yu, Y. Berdnikov, S. H. Lee, C. McKinney, Brennan Schaefer, S. Nagamiya, D. M. Lee, G. H. Lee, François Fleuret, Timothy Thomas Rinn, H. J. Kim, Prashant Shukla, Tomofumi Nagae, J. L. Nagle, D. S. Jumper, N. Riveli, K. O. Eyser, D. Isenhower, Tamas Novak, T. Moon, I. Garishvili, F. Wei, X. Bai, S. K. Park, P. Montuenga, A. Lebedev, K. A. Drees, Jason Kamin, S. P. Stoll, Jan Rak, A. Iordanova, J. Murata, I. Shein, D. Kotchetkov, M. Moskowitz, I. Nakagawa, Young-Ki Kim, T. Engelmore, S. R. P. Mohapatra, K. Okada, Evert Anders Stenlund, I. Ravinovich, I. Younus, B. Sahlmueller, M. Patel, H. En'yo, David Olle Rickard Silvermyr, R. Lacey, Vaclav Vrba, J. Klatsky, R. Granier de Cassagnac, A. Adare, O. Drapier, Sung Keun Park, Jong-Min Park, Taku Gunji, X. Jiang, M. J. Leitch, S. F. Pate, Ke. Nakamura, K. Sedgwick, M. Bai, N. Cronin, Alexei Khanzadeev, R. Belmont, Animesh Datta, T. Sumita, Charles Maguire, S. Yokkaichi, Peter Christiansen, Viktor Riabov, N. N. Ajitanand, Mihael Makek, M. Beaumier, D. Yu Peressounko, K. S. Joo, C. Y. Chi, D. K. Mishra, Dennis Perepelitsa, D. P. Morrison, J. B. Choi, G. D. N. Perera, S. Butsyk, A. Taranenko, Takahiro Nakamura, J. A. Key, S. Huang, J. G. Rubin, A. Isinhue, C. L. Woody, A. Berdnikov, Y. Tanaka, E. Mannel, M. S. Daugherity, S. J. Jeon, S. Zhou, Toshiki Maruyama, N. Apadula, Y. L. Yamaguchi, Ferdinando Giordano, R. S. Hollis, S. Campbell, B. H. Kang, Y. Watanabe, S. D. Rolnick, S. P. Whitaker, B. Komkov, R. Petti, A. Durum, D. Jouan, S. Mizuno, N. Grau, S. Esumi, D. Sharma, K. Watanabe, E. Joo, Norio Saito, Tsutomu Mibe, J. D. Osborn, Inseok Yoon, D. Ivanishchev, Hari Guragain, K. Shoji, S. H. Lim, Petr Gallus, V. Papavassiliou, S. Kanda, Yongsun Kim, S. Tarafdar, P. W. Stankus, B. Azmoun, M. Leitgab, Shuo Han, J. S. Kapustinsky, T. V. Moukhanova, N. Novitzky, V. Babintsev, Dmitry Blau, A. Garishvili, B. Kimelman, H. Asano, I. V. Sourikova, E. J. Desmond, Zhiying You, Jiangyong Jia, J. Hanks, Y. Goto, E. Vazquez-Zambrano, P. Kline, K. S. Lee, A. Dion, Ryugo S. Hayano, Y. Riabov, J. Huang, Tatsuya Chujo, Kenta Shigaki, I. Tserruya, I. E. Yushmanov, Prakhar Garg, M. Wysocki, A. S. Nyanin, M. Finger, B. Bannier, Rachid Nouicer, A. N. Zelenski, T. Murakami, Motoi Inaba, J. C. Hill, M. Jezghani, M. Skolnik, Mate Csanad, S. Sawada, A. Franz, V. Singh, T. Koblesky, M. Nihashi, D. Kleinjan, M. Sarsour, N. Crossette, R. P. Pisani, A. Glenn, Eunja Kim, K. Dehmelt, Jen-Chieh Peng, D. Reynolds, Inkyu Park, Xiong Wang, Dong Jo Kim, A. Veicht, E. T. Atomssa, C. Gal, Julia Velkovska, M. Gonin, T Csoergo, A. J. Miller, A. Sukhanov, K. Kurita, Matthew Snowball, C. O. Kim, R. Pak, K. B. Lee, L. Ding, M. Kofarago, D. Roach, K. M. Kijima, K. Hashimoto, Xingguo Li, S. P. Sorensen, H. Ozaki, J. G. Lajoie, M. Alfred, T. Hachiya, S. Lee, Jennifer E. Perry, Maya Hachiya Shimomura, Vardan Khachatryan, Y. I. Makdisi, X. He, Y. Aramaki, M. J. Tannenbaum, B. K. Schmoll, Robert Vertesi, E. Tennant, J. Koster, Alice Mignerey, L. D'Orazio, S. Miyasaka, Pawan Kumar Netrakanti, Aaron White, Takao Sakaguchi, A. Sen, A. Mwai, A. D. Frawley, J. Sun, H. F. Hamilton, H. Sako, M. Slunečka, A. Sexton, P. L. McGaughey, R. Seto, T. W. Danley, B. Fadem, S. Beckman, K. N. Barish, M. L. Brooks, L. Zou, S. Baumgart, J. Bryslawskyj, Minghui Liu, A. Deshpande, Kenneth Francis Read, T. Ichihara, I. J. Choi, B. Xia, A. V. Kazantsev, M. Towell, M. I. Nagy, L. Patel, Y. Sekiguchi, D. Watanabe, T. C. Awes, Kyoichiro Ozawa, E. Vznuzdaev, and H. Van Hecke

Subjects
Physics, Particle physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, media_common.quotation_subject, Particle accelerator, Deep inelastic scattering, Polarization (waves), 01 natural sciences, Helicity, Asymmetry, law.invention, Gluon, Nuclear physics, law, 0103 physical sciences, Pi, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Nuclear Experiment, 010306 general physics, Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider, media_common
Abstract

PHENIX measurements are presented for the cross section and double-helicity asymmetry (A(LL)) in inclusive pi(0) production at midrapidity from p + p collisions at root s = 510 GeV from data taken in 2012 and 2013 at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider. The next-to-leading-order perturbative-quantum-chromodynamics theory calculation is in excellent agreement with the presented cross section results. The calculation utilized parton-to-pion fragmentation functions from the recent DSS14 global analysis, which prefer a smaller gluon-to-pion fragmentation function. The pi(0)A(LL) results follow an increasingly positive asymmetry trend with p(T) and root s with respect to the predictions and are in excellent agreement with the latest global analysis results. This analysis incorporated earlier results on pi(0) and jet A(LL) and suggested a positive contribution of gluon polarization to the spin of the proton Delta G for the gluon momentum fraction range x > 0.05. The data presented here extend to a currently unexplored region, down to x similar to 0.01, and thus provide additional constraints on the value of Delta G.

Published
2016

34. Molecular Dynamics for Dense Matter

Author

Toshiki Maruyama, Gentaro Watanabe, and Satoshi Chiba

Subjects
Physics, Phase transition, Nuclear Theory, Nuclear structure, FOS: Physical sciences, General Physics and Astronomy, Nuclear matter, Nuclear Theory (nucl-th), Nuclear physics, Condensed Matter - Other Condensed Matter, Molecular dynamics, Neutron star, Supernova, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Hexagonal lattice, Nucleon, Nuclear Experiment, Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR), Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
Abstract

We review a molecular dynamics method for nucleon many-body systems called the quantum molecular dynamics (QMD) and our studies using this method. These studies address the structure and the dynamics of nuclear matter relevant to the neutron star crusts, supernova cores, and heavy-ion collisions. A key advantage of QMD is that we can study dynamical processes of nucleon many-body systems without any assumptions on the nuclear structure. First we focus on the inhomogeneous structures of low-density nuclear matter consisting not only of spherical nuclei but also of nuclear "pasta", i.e., rod-like and slab-like nuclei. We show that the pasta phases can appear in the ground and equilibrium states of nuclear matter without assuming nuclear shape. Next we show our simulation of compression of nuclear matter which corresponds to the collapsing stage of supernovae. With increase of density, a crystalline solid of spherical nuclei change to a triangular lattice of rods by connecting neighboring nuclei. Finally, we discuss the fragment formation in expanding nuclear matter. Our results suggest that a generally accepted scenario based on the liquid-gas phase transition is not plausible at lower temperatures., 30 pages, 17 figures, to appear on Prog. Theor. Exp. Phys

Published
2012

35. Inhomogeneous Chiral and Coulomb Crystal in Neutron Stars

Author

Toshitaka Tatsumi, Tong-Gyu Lee, Nobutoshi Yasutake, and Toshiki Maruyama

Subjects
Condensed Matter::Quantum Gases, Crystal, Physics, Equation of state, Neutron star, Condensed matter physics, Space and Planetary Science, High Energy Physics::Lattice, Coulomb, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Phase diagram
Abstract

We study the possibility of two types of inhomogeneous phases in core of neutron stars: one is the Coulomb crystal, which is known as quark-hadron pasta structures, and another one is chiral crystal. In the Coulomb crystal, the inhomogeneous phase appears as the result of the balance between the surface tension and the Coulomb interaction. In chiral crystal, we study the inhomogeneous chiral condensate, which has spatial modulation. In the simple model in 1+1 dimensions, this condensate has the same feature with the FFLO state, which is well known in the condensed matter physics.

Published
2017

36. Effects of the Λ(1405) on the Structure of Multi-Antikaonic Nuclei

Author

Toshiki Maruyama, Takumi Muto, and Toshitaka Tatsumi

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Chiral symmetry, Particle physics, Nuclear Theory, Meson, High Energy Physics::Lattice, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, Binding energy, Structure (category theory), medicine.anatomical_structure, Bound state, medicine, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Nuclear Experiment, Nucleon, Ground state, Nucleus
Abstract

The effects of the $\Lambda$(1405) ($\Lambda^\ast$) on the structure of the multi-antikaonic nucleus (MKN), in which several $K^-$ mesons are embedded to form deeply bound states, are considered based on chiral symmetry combined with a relativistic mean-field theory. It is shown that additional attraction resulting from the $\Lambda^\ast$ pole has a sizable contribution to not only the density profiles for the nucleons and $K^-$ mesons but also the ground state energy of the $K^-$ mesons and binding energy of the MKN as the number of the embedded $K^-$ mesons increases., Comment: 4 pages, 3 figures, Talk presented at the 10th International Conference on Hypernuclear and Strange Particle Physics (Hyp-X), Tokai, Japan, Sept. 14-18, 2009. To be published in Nucl. Phys. A

Published
2010

37. STRUCTURE OF MULTI-ANTIKAONIC NUCLEI IN THE RELATIVISTIC MEAN-FIELD MODEL

Author

Toshitaka Tatsumi, Takumi Muto, and Toshiki Maruyama

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Basis (linear algebra), Meson, High Energy Physics::Lattice, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, Nuclear Theory, Binding energy, General Physics and Astronomy, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Thermodynamic potential, Chiral model, medicine.anatomical_structure, Mean field theory, medicine, Nuclear Experiment, Nucleon, Nucleus
Abstract

The structure of multi-antikaonic nuclei (MKN), where several K− mesons are bound in the nucleus, is studied in the relativistic mean-field model. A kaonic part of the thermodynamic potential including kaon-nucleon interactions is derived on the basis of chiral symmetry (abbreviated as a chiral model). It is shown that nonperturbative effects from kaons in the chiral model on the properties of the MKN such as the density distributions of nucleons and K− mesons and the binding energy become important since the number of the embedded K− increases.

Published
2008

38. Novel Mechanism of Antibiotic Resistance Originating in Vancomycin-Intermediate Staphylococcus aureus

Author

Hui Min Neoh, Keiichi Hiramatsu, Akira Iwamoto, Yataro Horikawa, Toshiki Maruyama, Jian Qi Lian, and Longzhu Cui

Subjects
Staphylococcus aureus, Peptidoglycan, Biology, Staphylococcal infections, medicine.disease_cause, Models, Biological, Microbiology, chemistry.chemical_compound, Antibiotic resistance, Mechanisms of Resistance, Cell Wall, Vancomycin, medicine, Humans, Pharmacology (medical), Treatment Failure, Antibacterial agent, Pharmacology, Vancomycin Resistance, Staphylococcal Infections, medicine.disease, Glucose, Infectious Diseases, chemistry, Drug of last resort, Mathematics, Cell wall thickening, medicine.drug
Abstract

As an aggressive pathogen, Staphylococcus aureus poses a significant public health threat and is becoming increasingly resistant to currently available antibiotics, including vancomycin, the drug of last resort for gram-positive bacterial infections. S. aureus with intermediate levels of resistance to vancomycin (vancomycin-intermediate S. aureus [VISA]) was first identified in 1996. The resistance mechanism of VISA, however, has not yet been clarified. We have previously shown that cell wall thickening is a common feature of VISA, and we have proposed that a thickened cell wall is a phenotypic determinant for vancomycin resistance in VISA (L. Cui, X. Ma, K. Sato, et al., J. Clin. Microbiol. 41: 5-14, 2003). Here we show the occurrence of an anomalous diffusion of vancomycin through the VISA cell wall, which is caused by clogging of the cell wall with vancomycin itself. A series of experiments demonstrates that the thickened cell wall of VISA could protect ongoing peptidoglycan biosynthesis in the cytoplasmic membrane from vancomycin inhibition, allowing the cells to continue producing nascent cell wall peptidoglycan and thus making the cells resistant to vancomycin. We conclude that the cooperative effect of the clogging and cell wall thickening enables VISA to prevent vancomycin from reaching its true target in the cytoplasmic membrane, exhibiting a new class of antibiotic resistance in gram-positive pathogens.

Published
2006

39. Nuclear matter effects onJ/ψproduction in asymmetric Cu + Au collisions atsNN=200GeV

Author

X. He, N. N. Ajitanand, B. Meredith, G. D. N. Perera, Y. Aramaki, Takahiro Nakamura, R. A. Soltz, Robert Vertesi, B. Azmoun, D. McGlinchey, Y. Fukao, Ajit Kumar Mohanty, T. A. Shibata, A. Deshpande, M. Grosse Perdekamp, X. Bai, F. Giordano, J. Koster, T. Hester, S. K. Park, A. Durum, D. Isenhower, P. Sett, T. Moon, A. Isinhue, P. Kline, K. S. Lee, A. Dion, Peter Christiansen, Y. Watanabe, A. Veicht, A. Mwai, Maya Hachiya Shimomura, R. S. Hollis, Y. I. Makdisi, M. Leitgab, A. Ster, Dmitry Blau, N. Feege, Motoi Inaba, D. Yu Peressounko, E. J. Desmond, P. Montuenga, E. Vazquez-Zambrano, I. Younus, A. Datta, I. E. Yushmanov, Takafumi Niida, J. Huang, John Hill, H. A. Torii, Toru Sugitate, A. J. Miller, M. Beaumier, K. S. Joo, Prakhar Garg, D. Kotov, A. Sukhanov, K. Kurita, B. Lewis, Taku Gunji, M. Sarsour, Mate Csanad, A. Iordanova, Peter Steinberg, K. N. Barish, S. Y. Han, Yuichiro Sekiguchi, J. Murata, B. Bannier, S. Campbell, M. Patel, S. Esumi, M. Virius, E. T. Atomssa, J. Bryslawskyj, Vladimir Samsonov, Y. Imazu, A. Garishvili, François Fleuret, C. O. Kim, M. Nihashi, Zvi Hirsh Citron, D. S. Jumper, Jason Kamin, P. L. McGaughey, N. S. Bandara, Martin Purschke, C. A. Aidala, R. S. Towell, M. Kurosawa, Prashant Shukla, T. Todoroki, J. D. Orjuela Koop, Z. Rowan, Pawan Kumar Netrakanti, N. Crossette, M. Mendoza, C. H. Chen, M. Stepanov, D. E. Fields, M. J. Tannenbaum, Atsushi Takahara, B. V. Jacak, A. Taranenko, S. F. Pate, M. Moskowitz, I. Shein, N. Grau, S. Beckman, S. Zhou, V. Khachatryan, N. Cronin, S. P. Stoll, Ke. Nakamura, O. Drapier, A. Manion, M. R. Stone, R. P. Pisani, M. Vargyas, M. L. Brooks, K. A. Drees, Kenichi Imai, X. Bing, I. Ravinovich, S. D. Rolnick, S. J. Jeon, Senta Greene, K. Sedgwick, M. McCumber, Mihael Makek, N. Riveli, H. Ge, K. Nakano, K. B. Lee, J. A. Key, C. L. Silva, Tomofumi Nagae, J. L. Nagle, M. Bai, Hideki Hamagaki, K. Aoki, W. E. Sondheim, Brajesh K. Singh, J. G. Lajoie, M. Alfred, T. Hachiya, B. Fadem, E. O'Brien, S. Whitaker, Jennifer E. Perry, D. Ivanishchev, J. Klatsky, K. Boyle, G. David, K. I. Hahn, E. Tennant, I. J. Choi, B. Xia, V. Papavassiliou, Dennis Perepelitsa, T. Novák, T. Ichihara, D. Jouan, H. Nakagomi, T. Hoshino, Y. Gu, T. Murakami, S. Baumgart, S. Bathe, M. Chiu, Inseok Yoon, M. Towell, V. Bumazhnov, A. Sexton, D. Kawall, Zhiying You, D. Black, Hideyuki Oide, J. H. Do, K. Kihara, M. Finger, M. Skolnik, Susumu Sato, Minghui Liu, Min Soo Kim, R. Seto, L. Ding, S. Sawada, D. Silvermyr, H. Asano, Jongmin Lee, M. Kofarago, D. Roach, Alice Mignerey, A. Franz, H. J. Kim, K. Shoji, L. D'Orazio, S. Miyasaka, C. Gal, K. Watanabe, H. Ozaki, K. M. Kijima, A. Yanovich, Julia Velkovska, S. Kanda, Kenneth Francis Read, P. W. Stankus, Takao Sakaguchi, M. Rosati, Charles Maguire, A. Shaver, D. Lynch, K. Hashimoto, S. Choi, M. Soumya, A. Enokizono, Xingguo Li, Tamás Csörgő, I. Garishvili, Kiyoshi Tanida, A. D. Frawley, M. I. Nagy, C. Nattrass, P. K. Khandai, E. Kistenev, A. Taketani, A. V. Kazantsev, S. Huang, Jan Rak, R. Lacey, J. Sun, R. Granier de Cassagnac, Jiangyong Jia, Y. Goto, D. Watanabe, E. Vznuzdaev, D. Kleinjan, A. Adare, T. Sumita, C. Y. Chi, Soren Pontoppidan Sorensen, D. Sharma, M. S. Daugherity, C. P. Singh, L. Patel, B. M. Johnson, Filip Krizek, Anne Marie Sickles, R. J. Petti, K. Gainey, T. C. Awes, B. Schaefer, Kyoichiro Ozawa, J. Sziklai, J. S. Bok, D. Kotchetkov, Brian Cole, Serpil Yalcin, W. A. Zajc, L. Xue, V. Baublis, A. Denisov, Yuki Watanabe, V. Cianciolo, Sergey Fokin, Viktor Riabov, Alexei Khanzadeev, E. Stenlund, C. Baumann, J. B. Choi, Toshiki Maruyama, Dipak Kumar Mishra, D. H. Kim, T. V. Moukhanova, S. Hasegawa, Henner Buesching, S. Butsyk, Ryugo S. Hayano, X. Gong, Y. Riabov, Kenta Shigaki, A. Sen, V. S. Pantuev, A. S. Nyanin, K. Okada, Y. L. Yamaguchi, H. En'yo, M. J. Leitch, Rachid Nouicer, A. N. Zelenski, Y. J. Kwon, S. Mizuno, H. Qu, J. S. Kang, S. Yokkaichi, H. W. Van Hecke, E. Joo, S. Solano, X. Jiang, B. K. Schmoll, Hari Guragain, S. Tarafdar, Agneta Oskarsson, J. Seele, John Matthew Durham, A. Meles, J. H. Kang, Y. Berdnikov, J. S. Haggerty, S. H. Lee, Y. Akiba, C. McKinney, S. Nagamiya, J. T. Mitchell, Vaclav Vrba, J. Hanks, Hiroyuki Sako, C. A. Ogilvie, R. Seidl, T. K. Hemmick, Vladislav Manko, M. Slunečka, Yasuo Miake, Y. S. Lai, K. DeBlasio, B. Komkov, Y. Ikeda, R. Pinson, E. J. Mannel, Norio Saito, Tsutomu Mibe, R. Akimoto, C. L. Woody, A. Berdnikov, Alexander Milov, S. Wolin, R. Pak, I. Nakagawa, Young-Ki Kim, M. Gonin, T. Engelmore, N. Novitzky, C. Pinkenburg, K. Dehmelt, Petr Gallus, S. H. Lim, M. S. Ryu, N. Apadula, A. Drees, R. Belmont, J. S. Kapustinsky, I. V. Sourikova, K. O. Eyser, V. Babintsev, D. P. Morrison, M. Tomášek, B. H. Kang, James Alexander, A. Timilsina, Byung-Sik Hong, A. Bazilevsky, Tatsuya Chujo, I. Tserruya, M. Jezghani, V. Singh, Kensuke Homma, Alexandre Lebedev, E. Richardson, D. M. Lee, G. H. Lee, T. Koblesky, F. Wei, Y. Nakamiya, A. Glenn, Eunja Kim, B. Sahlmueller, Y. J. Kim, Jen-Chieh Peng, J. G. Rubin, J. E. Frantz, D. Reynolds, Inkyu Park, Xiong Wang, Dong Jo Kim, M. Wysocki, and Sung Keun Park

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Quantitative Biology::Neurons and Cognition, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Nuclear Theory, Nuclear matter, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Gluon, Nuclear physics, medicine.anatomical_structure, 0103 physical sciences, medicine, Energy density, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Angular dependence, Atomic physics, Nuclear Experiment, 010306 general physics, Nucleon, Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider, Nucleus
Abstract

We report on J/psi production from asymmetric Cu + Au heavy-ion collisions at root S-NN = 200 GeV at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider at both forward (Cu-going direction) and backward (Au-going direction) rapidities. The nuclear modification of J/psi yields in Cu + Au collisions in the Au-going direction is found to be comparable to that inAu + Au collisions when plotted as a function of the number of participating nucleons. In the Cu-going direction, J/psi production shows a stronger suppression. This difference is comparable in magnitude and has the same sign as the difference expected from shadowing effects due to stronger low-x gluon suppression in the larger Au nucleus.

Published
2014

40. Structured mixed phase at charged kaon condensation

Author

Toshiki Maruyama, Toshitaka Tatsumi, Tomonori Tanigawa, Satoshi Chiba, and Dmitri N. Voskresensky

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Phase transition, Condensed matter physics, Maxwell construction, Electric field, Quantum electrodynamics, Nuclear Theory, Condensation, Density functional theory, Electron, Mixed phase, Nucleon
Abstract

Non-uniform structures of the mixed phase at the first-order phase transition to the charged kaon condensation are studied using the density functional theory within the relativistic mean-field model. Including the electric field effects and applying Gibbs conditions in a proper way, we numerically determine density profiles of nucleons, electrons and condensed kaons. The importance of the charge screening effects is elucidated and thereby we show that the Maxwell construction is effectively justified.

Published
2005

41. Wandering in Color-Space - Why Is the Life of Pentaquark so Long?

Author

Toshiki Maruyama, Tetsuo Hatsuda, Y. Maezawa, and Naoyuki Itagaki

Subjects
Physics, Surface (mathematics), Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Basis (linear algebra), Hadron, General Physics and Astronomy, State (functional analysis), Color space, Pentaquark, Nuclear physics, Position (vector), High Energy Physics::Experiment, Nuclear Experiment, Nucleon
Abstract

The problem of the long life time of the pentaquark Θ+ is investigated on the basis of the color molecular dynamics simulation. We find that it takes a long time (typically of 50–100 fm/c) for the initial pentaquark state to rearrange its color and spatial positions to decay into the nucleon+kaon final state. Structure of the potential surface in the color and position spaces also supports this picture. Pentaquark wanders on the potential surface to find a narrow channel to decay.

Published
2005

42. Constraint Molecular Dynamics and Results on Isotopic Distributions Produced in Heavy Ion Collision – The Sn + Ni Systems

Author

Toshiki Maruyama, A. Bonasera, M. Papa, and G. Cardella

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Molecular dynamics, Distribution (mathematics), Hadron, General Physics and Astronomy, Observable, Charge (physics), Atomic physics, Mass ratio, Nuclear Experiment, Nucleon, Collision
Abstract

The Constraint Molecular Dynamics approach is illustrated together with calculation on different heavy ion collisions. In particular the charge-mass distribution produced in the collision 124Sn + 64Ni and 112Sn + 58Ni at 35 MeV/nucleon is discussed. By comparing the Y = (N − Z)/A distributions for fragments produced in central collisions it results that this observable can be sensitive to the dynamic effects induced on the two systems by the different charge/mass ratio.

Published
2002

43. Nuclear Level Structure, B(E2) Gamma-transitions and Nucleon Interaction Data for 56Fe by a Unified Soft-rotator Model and Coupled-Channels Framework

Author

Toshiki Maruyama, Efrem Sh. Sukhovitskiĩ, Jeong-Yeon Lee, Osamu Iwamoto, Satoshi Chiba, Jonghwa Chang, and Young-Ouk Lee

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Nuclear Theory, Nuclear structure, Experimental data, Nuclear matter, Optical potential, Nuclear physics, Nuclear Energy and Engineering, Level structure, Nuclear Experiment, Nucleon, Phenomenology (particle physics), Excitation
Abstract

The soft-rotator model (SRM) and a coupled-channels method based on the coupling scheme built on the wave functions of the SRM were applied for a consistent analysis of the nuclear level structure, B(E2) and the nucleon interaction data of 56Fe. The model could describe the experimental collective levels of 56Fe up to the excitation energy of 5.5 MeV successfully. Relativistickinematics and global optical potential form, consistent with nuclear matter theory and Dirac phenomenology, were used in coupled-channels optical model approach to overcome problems left in our previous work. The available nucleon interaction experimental data up to 160 MeV and B(E2) γ-transitions were described satisfactorily.

Published
2002

44. Formation and decay of super-heavy systems

Author

Satoshi Chiba, Toshiki Maruyama, M. Papa, and Aldo Bonasera

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Molecular dynamics, Fission, Hadron, Nuclear fusion, Nuclear Experiment, Collision
Abstract

We investigate the formation and the decay of heavy systems which are above the fission barrier. By using a microscopic simulation of constrained molecular dynamics (CoMD) on Au + Au collision, we observe that composite states stay for a very long time before decaying by fission.

Published
2002

45. Coexistence of Antikaons and Hyperons in Nuclei and in Neutron Stars

Author

Toshitaka Tatsumi, Toshiki Maruyama, and Takumi Muto

Subjects
Physics, Equation of state, Meson, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, Nuclear Theory, Condensation, Hyperon, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Baryon, Nuclear physics, Nonlinear system, Neutron star, Nuclear Experiment, Ground state
Abstract

Multi-strangeness system consisting of K− mesons and baryon is investigated in a unified way for both nuclei and neutron-star matter, based on the relativistic mean-field theory for baryon-baryon interaction, coupled with the effective chiral Lagrangian incorporating K-baryon and nonlinear K− K interactions. It is shown that the ground state of the multi-strangeness nuclei is given by multihypernuclei without bound K− mesons for moderate K− optical potential depths. In neutron-star matter, coexistence of kaon condensation and hyperons is plausible, but leads to significant softening of the equation of state, which should be reconciled with recent neutron-star observations.

Published
2014

46. Finite-size effects at the hadron-quark transition and heavy hybrid stars

Author

R. Łastowiecki, Sanjin Benić, David Blaschke, Toshitaka Tatsumi, Toshiki Maruyama, and Nobutoshi Yasutake

Subjects
Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Top quark, Nuclear Theory, High Energy Physics::Lattice, Down quark, FOS: Physical sciences, Bottom quark, Nuclear physics, Nuclear Theory (nucl-th), High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph), Quark star, finite-size effects, hybrid stars, Physics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, Top quark condensate, Nuclear matter, QCD phase transition, NATURAL SCIENCES. Physics, PRIRODNE ZNANOSTI. Fizika, Strange matter, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, Up quark, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

We study the role of finite-size effects at the hadron-quark phase transition in a new hybrid equation of state constructed from an ab-initio Br\"uckner-Hartree-Fock equation of state with the realistic Bonn-B potential for the hadronic phase and a covariant non-local Nambu--Jona-Lasinio model for the quark phase. We construct static hybrid star sequences and find that our model can support stable hybrid stars with an onset of quark matter below $2 M_\odot$ and a maximum mass above $2.17 M_\odot$ in agreement with recent observations. If the finite-size effects are taken into account the core is composed of pure quark matter. Provided that the quark vector channel interaction is small, and the finite size effects are taken into account, quark matter appears at densities 2-3 times the nuclear saturation density. In that case the proton fraction in the hadronic phase remains below the value required by the onset of the direct URCA process, so that the early onset of quark matter shall affect on the rapid cooling of the star., Comment: version to match the one published in PRC

Published
2014

47. Magnetic Field Effect on Masses of Atomic Nuclei

Author

Toshiki Maruyama, Satoshi Chiba, and V.N. Kondratyev

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear reaction, Neutron star, Proton, Field (physics), Space and Planetary Science, Magnetism, Nuclear Theory, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Field strength, Neutron, Atomic physics, Magnetic field
Abstract

The magnetism of nuclides in the outer crusts of neutron stars is considered. Employing the shell correction treatment, we demonstrate that strong magnetic fields significantly affect shell oscillations in nuclear masses. The phase shift in shell oscillations is shown to be the main feature of the field effect. Such a phase change originates from the Pauli magnetic response associated with the relative shift of spin-up and spin-down energy levels. The neutron shell correction energy behaves almost periodically as a function of the field strength with slightly enhanced amplitude of shell oscillations at large fields. The period of the sign change is determined by the energy difference between neighbor levels. The proton shell correction energy displays an anomalous dependence on the field strength. The proton orbital magnetism enhances the nuclear shell effect especially when the field influence is comparable to the spin-orbit coupling. The nuclear magic numbers are demonstrated to depend considerably on the magnetic field on the strength scale B ~ 1016-1017 G relevant for, e.g., soft gamma repeaters and anomalous X-ray pulsars.

Published
2001

48. QMD simulation of expanding nuclear matter

Author

Toshiki Maruyama, Koji Niita, Shinpei Chikazumi, and Akira Iwamoto

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Phase transition, Classical mechanics, Fragment (logic), Mass distribution, Rapid expansion, Periodic boundary conditions, Statistical physics, Nuclear matter, Power law, Exponential function
Abstract

We study the properties of dynamically expanding nuclear matter. For this purpose, we apply quantum molecular dynamics (QMD) model to homogeneously expanding three-dimensional system with periodic boundary condition. Simulation is performed for given initial temperatures and expanding velocities. The calculated fragment mass distribution for slow expansion obeys the power law predicted by Fisher's droplet model, while that for rapid expansion exhibits the exponential shape.

Published
2000

49. Nuclear matter structure studied with quantum molecular dynamics

Author

Akira Iwamoto, Tomoyuki Maruyama, Kazuhiro Oyamatsu, Koji Niita, Toshiki Maruyama, and Satoshi Chiba

Subjects
Nuclear physics, Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Equation of state, Chemical substance, Chemical physics, Structure (category theory), Nuclear matter, Ground state, Quantum molecular dynamics
Abstract

Quantum molecular dynamics is applied to study the ground state properties of nuclear matter at subsaturation densities. Clustering effects are observed as to soften the equation of state at these densities. The structure of nuclear matter at subsaturation density shows some exotic shapes with variation of the density.

Published
1999

50. On the IMF Multiplicity in Au+Au Reactions

Author

Koji Niita, Akira Iwamoto, Tomoyuki Maruyama, and Toshiki Maruyama

Subjects
Nuclear Theory (nucl-th), Nuclear physics, Physics, Nuclear Theory, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), FOS: Physical sciences, Multiplicity (chemistry), Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope
Abstract

Intermediate mass fragment (IMF) multiplicity has been investigated for Au+Au reactions at incident energies of 100, 250 and 400 MeV/A. From the analysis of the impact-parameter-dependence of the IMF multiplicity using our QMD plus statistical evaporation model, we found that 1) statistical decay process modifies the results greatly, and 2) the Fermi motion plays a role to increase the IMF multiplicity for whole impact-parameter range., Comment: 9pages, Latex is used, 2 Postscript figures are available by request from iwamoto@hadron01.tokai.jaeri.go.jp

Published
1997

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