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Background: Pelvi-ureteric junction obstruction is the most common cause of pediatric hydronephrosis where A-H pyeloplasty with D-J stent is the established treatment option with a high success rate. We observed the predictive value of sonological parameters for early detection of postoperative obstruction at the new pelvi-ureteric junction in children following unilateral A-H pyeloplasty. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 12 children who underwent unilateral A-H pyeloplasty. Post-operative follow-up was done after D-J stent removal and completed within six months. Maximum antero-posterior pelvic diameter (APPD), cortical thickness (CT), and pelvi-cortical (P/C) ratio were compared. Results: Mean APPD was 32.7 mm at the day after removal of the stent, 24.4 mm at one month, and 19.7 mm at four months. Mean CT was 5.2 mm at the day after removal of the stent, 6.1 mm at one month and 8.0 mm at four months. P/C ratio was 8.3 mm at the day after removal of the stent, 5.2 mm at one month, and 3.4 mm at four months. Increased CT and reduced P/C ratio were significant at four months (P= 0.05). Conclusion: CT value and P/C ratio can be used as an early marker of success for pelvi-ureteric drainage following A-H pyeloplasty. Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University Journal 2023;16(1): 58-61

Objective: At the start of the Covid-19 pandemic, educational establishments, including universities, were closed. Educators in high-income countries quickly shifted all education online, building on available infrastructures and approaches. However, there were concerns in developing countries regarding the necessary skills among students and faculty as well as financial support for equipment and the internet. Consequently, a pilot was undertaken in Bangladesh to determine the impact of Covid-19 on the non-medical education system, building on similar research with healthcare professionals. Materials and Methods: A purposively designed questionnaire was disseminated among eight non-medical healthcare educators in private and public universities in Bangladesh. Results and Discussion: Private university educators reported their universities readily adopted e-learning systems and resumed classes more quickly than public universities. Both private and public university educators shared similar challenges, including a lack of training on e-learning initially, variable internet connections, affordability of internet bundles, concerns with available devices, as well as mental stress of faculty and students. Private universities reduced their tuition fees, extended submission deadlines, and shared class recordings to address challenges. Public universities arranged student loans, established Covid-19 testing centers, and the trained students in biosafety practices and molecular tests to volunteer in testing facilities. Conclusion: Lessons learned from the pandemic emphasize introducing hybrid education systems with full technological and financial support, alongside biosafety education in the curriculum. Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol. 21 No. 04 October’22 Page : 731-743

Objective: Lockdown and other measures, including the closure of universities, introduced by Governments across countries in response to the COVID-19 pandemic have appreciably impacted on the education of dental and medical students across countries. Key challenges included the need to rapidly move to e-learning as well as instigate new approaches to practicals for health science students. This involves lecturers and students necessarily needing to rapidly adapt to e-learning and other approaches. There have also been affordability issues among students to regularly access the Internet, and purchase the necessary equipment, particularly among those from low- and middle-income countries such as Bangladesh. Consequently, there is an urgent need to assess current challenges among senior level physicians and educators in Bangladesh regarding the education of dental and medical students arising from the current pandemic, and how these are being addressed, to provide future direction. This is particularly important in Bangladesh with high rates of both infectious and non-infectious diseases. Materials and Methods: Pragmatic investigation involving a purposely developed questionnaire based on previous studies and the experience of the co-authors. The questionnaire was distributed to 15 senior-level educators with the findings analysed by themes. Results: Key issues included little experience with e-learning at the start of the pandemic among both staff and students, poor internet access and cost of internet bundles. In addition, fear and anxieties among both students and staff. The colleges responded by instigating teaching classes for educators on e-learning and providing adequate personal protective equipment for staff and students during teaching and practical sessions. These formed the basis of future recommendations. Other recommendations included increased flexibility among staff and students. Conclusion: The pandemic posed appreciable challenges to both staff and students attending dental and medical colleges in Bangladesh. Some of the key issues are starting to be addressed. Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol. 21 No. 02 April’22 Page : 444-454

Increased COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy presents a major hurdle in global efforts to contain the COVID-19 pandemic. This study was designed to estimate the prevalence of adverse events after the first dose of the Covishield (AstraZeneca) vaccine among physicians in Bangladesh. A cross-sectional study was conducted using an online questionnaire for physicians (

Background : Acceptance of the COVID-19 vaccine by the target groups would play a crucial role in stemming the pandemic. Healthcare professionals (HCPs) are the priority group for vaccination due to them having the highest risk of exposure to infection. This survey aimed to assess their acceptance of COVID-19 vaccines in Bangladesh. Research design and methods A cross-sectional survey using an online questionnaire was conducted between January 3 to 25, 2021, among HCPs (n=834) in Bangladesh. The main outcome measures were vaccine acceptance by HCPs if one was available. Results Less than 50% of HCPs would receive the vaccine against COVID-19 if available and 54% were willing to take the vaccine at some stage in the future. Female participants (OR:1.64;95%CI:1.172-2.297), respondents between 18-34 years old (OR:2.42; 95% CI:1.314-4.463), HCPs in the public sector (OR:2.09; 95% CI:1.521-2.878), and those who did not receive a flu vaccine in the previous year (OR:3.1; 95% CI:1.552-6.001) were more likely to delay vaccination. Conclusions The study revealed that, if available, less than half of the HCPs would accept a COVID-19 vaccine in Bangladesh. To ensure the broader success of the vaccination drive, tailored strategies and vaccine promotion campaigns targeting HCPs and the general population are needed.

This article has no abstract. The first 100 words appear below: A 4-year-old boy presenting with constipation for 1 month of his age. He used to defecate 3-4 days interval with rectal stimulation. The stool was semisolid, ribbon-like, and not associated with abdominal or perianal pain. He had a history of delayed passage of meconium. There was no history of the delayed developmental milestones. He received several medications including lactulose, magnesium hydroxide but there was a poor response. On examination, he was mildly pale, with no facial dysmorphism, anthropometrically well thrived. The back and spine were normal. There was no thyroid swelling. The skin was normal. The tone and jerk of lower limbs were normal.

Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate the management of inguinal hernias in children as a day case surgery in elective basis. Methods: From July 2011 to June 2014, 141 infants and children with inguinal hernias were seen, operated on, and followed up as outpatient procedure in the Department of Paediatric Surgery of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University Dhaka, Bangladesh (BSMMU) Age, sex, side of hernia, presence of an associated hydrocele/ undescended testes/ VPshunt, occurrence of contralateral hernia, clinical aspects of these patients, type of surgery, mortality, and mobidity were studied Results: The ages ranged from 2months to 14 years (mean age, 6.28 years) with a male-to female ratio of 3:1. There were 59.6% right, 34.8% left, and 5.7% bilateral hernias (all are indirect variety).The most common associated anomaly was hydrocele in 29(20.8%)patients, undescended testis in 9(6.5%) patients and in 4(2.8%) patients had ventriculoperitoneal shunt. The content of the hernial sac in 56(39.7%) patients were omentum and next were intestine in 30(21.3%) patients. Overall, there were 13 (9.2%) sliding hernias. Among them in five case of boys four (80%) patients contents were cecum and one (20%) patient was sigmoid colon. In case of girls, contents were ovaries in all eight patients. Contralateral groin exploration was not done of any patients at the initial hernia repair. There were recurrences in 2(1.4%) patients, 13(9%) patients developed wound infections, and 21(15%) patients had scrotal haematocele. There were no postoperative deaths. A contralateral hernia developed in three (2%) children within one year after the initial repair. Conclusions: Inguinal hernia is a common surgical condition in children. Elective surgery is associated with minimal morbidity. A routine contralateral groin exploration is not done at the initial hernia repair J. Paediatr. Surg. Bangladesh 6 (2): 34-38, 2015 (July)

not availableJ. Paediatr. Surg. Bangladesh 4(1): 1-3, 2013 (January)

not availableJ. Paediatr. Surg. Bangladesh 6(1): 1-2, 2015 (Jan)