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BACKGROUND: Youth violence, victimization, and bullying are pervasive in schools across the United States and are detrimental for learning and healthy development. K‐12 school safety is an increasingly urgent issue to research and understand from multiple perspectives. Physical and psychological safety in school is linked to better student and school outcomes and is fundamental to fostering well‐being and prosocial behavior. METHODS: Despite research demonstrating positive outcomes associated with school safety, there is no comprehensive conceptual model in the literature that considers precursors, strategies, mechanisms, and outcomes of school safety together. The current paper presents an equity‐centered comprehensive model of school safety, which is intended as a holistic representation of the multiple factors and pathways that contribute to school safety and positive youth development. RESULTS: This model can guide research and practice through an equity‐centered and comprehensive approach. This model can enable practitioners, researchers, and policymakers to make informed decisions and reach consensus regarding planning and decisions related to reducing violence and establishing supportive school environments. CONCLUSION: Our model suggests that a comprehensive approach can ensure the safety and well‐being of students and staff. By thinking ecologically, schools, communities, and stakeholders can ensure that all aspects of the school context are included in school safety. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Glioblastoma (GBM) is an aggressive form of cancer, comprising ≈80% of malignant brain tumors. However, there are no effective treatments for GBM due to its heterogeneity and the presence of the blood-brain barrier (BBB), which restricts the delivery of therapeutics to the brain. Despite in vitro models contributing to the understanding of GBM, conventional 2D models oversimplify the complex tumor microenvironment. Organ-on-a-chip (OoC) models have emerged as promising platforms that recapitulate human tissue physiology, enabling disease modeling, drug screening, and personalized medicine. There is a sudden increase in GBM-on-a-chip models that can significantly advance the knowledge of GBM etiology and revolutionize drug development by reducing animal testing and enhancing translation to the clinic. In this review, an overview of GBM-on-a-chip models and their applications is reported for drug screening and discussed current challenges and potential future directions for GBM-on-a-chip models., (© 2024 Wiley‐VCH GmbH.)

Criticisms of police use of force policies and the over policing of communities of color have generated calls to reallocate part of the funding that routinely goes to police departments to fund more social welfare programs. In particular, analysts and policy makers have supported the implementation of alternative crisis response programs, such as the use of unarmed behavioral health workers, to reduce police contact and improve mental health service provision to citizens. The present study examined the extent to which one such civilian-based 911 diversion program in St. Petersburg, Florida, called the Community Assistance and Life Liaison program, provides equitable access to communities in need. Through analysis of contact data ( N = 6,653 contacts with residents) and zip code-level Census data of community characteristics, we found that the program diverted 37% of the noncrime crisis calls coming through the emergency communication line. The program additionally engaged in a substantial number of proactive and follow-up contacts, responded to a diverse group of individuals, and disproportionately served communities showing higher drivers of inequity. At the same time, notable disparities were found in that fewer follow-up services and nonlive referrals (e.g., officer or proactive contacts) were provided by Community Assistance and Life Liaison program to communities with higher poverty rates, Black youth were less likely to be diverted from police contact, and communities with more Black and non-U.S. citizen residents were less likely to receive live dispatch contacts from the program. Implications and recommendations for reducing over policing and health disparities are provided. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

Imbalances in lipid storage and secretion lead to the accumulation of hepatocyte lipid droplets (LDs) (i.e., hepatic steatosis). Our understanding of the mechanisms that govern the channeling of hepatocyte neutral lipids towards cytosolic LDs or secreted lipoproteins remains incomplete. Here, we performed a series of CRISPR-Cas9 screens under different metabolic states to uncover mechanisms of hepatic neutral lipid flux. Clustering of chemical-genetic interactions identified CLIC-like chloride channel 1 (CLCC1) as a critical regulator of neutral lipid storage and secretion. Loss of CLCC1 resulted in the buildup of large LDs in hepatoma cells and knockout in mice caused liver steatosis. Remarkably, the LDs are in the lumen of the ER and exhibit properties of lipoproteins, indicating a profound shift in neutral lipid flux. Finally, remote homology searches identified a domain in CLCC1 that is homologous to yeast Brl1p and Brr6p, factors that promote the fusion of the inner and outer nuclear envelopes during nuclear pore complex assembly. Loss of CLCC1 lead to extensive nuclear membrane herniations, consistent with impaired nuclear pore complex assembly. Thus, we identify CLCC1 as the human Brl1p/Brr6p homolog and propose that CLCC1-mediated membrane remodeling promotes hepatic neutral lipid flux and nuclear pore complex assembly., Competing Interests: COMPETING INTERESTS J.A.O. is a member of the scientific advisory board for Vicinitas Therapeutics.