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1. Taipuisalle tuelle asennetun ontelolaatan leikkauskestävyyden parantamiskeinot

Author

Torppa, J. (Juuso) and Torppa, J. (Juuso)

Abstract

Tiivistelmä. Käytettäessä ontelolaattoja taipuisille tuille asennettuna, ontelolaatan uumaan aiheutuu tuen taipumasta lisärasituksia, jotka saavat ontelolaatan murtumaan ennenaikaisesti; ontelolaatan leikkauskestävyys pettää uuman lisärasitusten vuoksi, ja ontelolaatta murtuu hauraasti ennen suunniteltua sitkeää taivutusmurtumaa. Työssä tarkastellaan kyseistä ilmiötä, etsitään ratkaisuja ilmiön estämiseksi eli käytännössä ontelolaatan leikkauskestävyyden parantamiseksi sekä tarkastellaan suunnittelussa nykyään käytössä olevien suunnitteluohjeiden ja laskentaohjelmien ajantasaisuutta suhteessa standardeihin. Ontelolaattojen leikkauskestävyyttä voidaan parantaa lisäämällä tuen taivutusjäykkyyttä (mm. palkin suunnitteleminen jatkuvana tai palkkiin tehtävä esikorotus), rakenteellisella pintalaatalla, onteloiden betonitäytöllä (syvät valutulpat), korottamalla ontelolaattabetonin lujuutta, korvaamalla ontelolaatat umpipoikkileikkausta olevilla laatoilla sekä muuttamalla rakennepoikkileikkauksen ja eri rakenneosien dimensioita (palkki, ontelolaatat, ontelolaattojen tukipinnat). Ontelolaatan punosten määrän tai betonilujuuden lisäämistä pelkän leikkauskestävyyden parantamiseksi ei kuitenkaan suositella. Työn tuloksena havaitaan, että betoninormikortti 18 EC:2012 on vanhentunut, sillä siihen sidoksissa olevat standardit SFS-EN 1992-1-1, SFS-EN 1168 sekä SFS 7016 ovat muuttuneet siitä, kun normikorttia on viimeksi päivitetty. Havaitaan, että normikortti sisältää osin standardien muuttumisesta johtuvia, mutta osin myös normikortin kirjoittamisen aikaisia virheitä. Myös ontelolaattasuunnittelussa yleisesti käytössä oleva ohjelma Flexibl838.exe sisältää laskentaan liittyviä ongelmia. Niiden vaikutus lopulliseen käyttöasteeseen on kuitenkin usein vain muutamia prosentteja. Työssä esiintyvän betoninormikortin 18 EC:2012 sekä standardien SFS-EN 1992-1-1 + A1 + AC:2015, SFS-EN 1168 + A3:2012 sekä SFS 7016:2021 tarkastelun sekä tulkinnan perusteella kehitetään Sweco Finland Oy:n käyt

Published
2023

6. Liimaliitoksen käyttömahdollisuudet teräsrakenteissa

Author

Torppa, J. (Juuso)

Abstract

Tiivistelmä. Koska yleinen tietämys liimoista on hyvin rajoittunut, tässä kandidaatintyössä on tarkoituksena tutkia liimojen käyttömahdollisuuksia teräsrakenteissa; eli millaisia ominaisuuksia liimaliitoksella on suhteessa muihin liittämismenetelmiin. Tämä on tarkoitus selvittää kirjallisuuskatsauksella suoritettavalla tarkastelulla siitä, miten liimaliitoksia hyödynnetään eri sovelluksissa ja mitä kaikkea tulisi ottaa huomioon liimaliitoksen muodostamisessa. Vaikka työssä tarkastellaan nimenomaan liimojen käyttöä teräsrakenteissa, selvitetyt liimojen ominaisuudet pätevät myös monille muille materiaaleille. Työn tuloksena havaitaan, että liimat tarjoavat tasaisen jännitysjakauman liitoksessa, mikä puolestaan johtaa parempaan väsymiskestoon muihin liittämismenetelmiin verrattuna. Lisäksi liimaliitos omaa ylivoimaiset värähtely- ja vaimennusominaisuudet, sileän ja tiiviin liitospinnan, sähköneristys- ja korroosionesto-ominaisuudet sekä kevyen, jäykän ja kustannustehokkaan rakenteen. Huonoja ominaisuuksia liimaliitoksilla ovat sen hankala purettavuus, esikäsittelyvaatimukset, testausmenetelmien puute sekä liima-aineiden herkkyys pilaantumiselle. Liimaliitos tulisi tehdä siten, että siihen kohdistuu vain leikkaavia voimia. Lisäksi tulee huomioida toleranssit, liima-aineen hankkimiseen, säilöntään, sekoitukseen/valmistamiseen ja levitykseen liittyvät tekijät sekä komponenttien säilytys, liittäminen ja esikäsittely. Näistä tärkeimpänä viimeksi mainittu esikäsittely, jossa pinta tulisi käsitellä joko mekaanisesti tai kemiallisesti siten, että liimattava pinta-ala on mahdollisimman suuri ja pinnan kemia paras mahdollinen liima-aineen adheesion kannalta. Teräsrakenteissa liimojen ominaisuuksia hyödynnetään esimerkiksi auto-, lento-, rakennus-, vene- ja meriteollisuudessa. Näissä sovelluksissa liimojen ominaisuuksista hyödynnetään erityisesti liimalle tyypillistä mahdollisuutta liittää erilaisia materiaaleja keskenään sekä kykyä tiivistää liitos, parantaa ääneneristystä, tärinäominaisuuksia ja rakenteen jäykkyyttä. Liimoilla korvataan monia liittämismenetelmiä paikoissa, missä muiden liittämismenetelmien ongelmat korostuvat.Adhesive joint in steel structures. Abstract. Due to the limited understanding of adhesives in general, the purpose of this bachelor’s thesis is to examine and enlighten the application of adhesive joint in steel structures and its properties compared to other joining methods. This, on the other hand, is achieved through a literature review on utilization of adhesive joint in different applications and the factors one should consider in the forming of an adhesive joint. Even though the focus of this thesis is on the adhesive joint in steel structures, the properties of the adhesives investigated are applicable to many other materials besides steel. It is found that adhesives provide an even stress distribution in the joint, resulting a better fatigue resistance compared to other joining methods. In addition, the adhesive joint offers superior vibration and damping properties, smooth and sealed joint surfaces, electrical insulation and corrosion protection properties. Adhesive joint is also light, rigid and cheap. Inferior properties of adhesive joint include its difficult disassembly, demanding pretreatment, lack of testing methods and degradation of the adhesive components. The adhesive joint should be constructed in a manner, in which only shear forces are applied to it. In addition, tolerances, issues related to adhesive acquisition, preservation, mixing/preparation, and application, as well as storage, bonding and pretreatment of parts should be considered; the most important of these is the latter, pretreatment, in which the surface should be treated either mechanically or chemically to maximize the bonding surface area and ensure ideal chemical properties for adhesion. In steel structures, the properties of adhesives are utilized in, for example, the automotive, aerospace, construction, boat, and marine industries. These applications take advantage of the properties typical for adhesives, the ability to bond different materials together, the ability to seal the joints, improve sound insulation, vibration properties and structural rigidity. Adhesives replace other bonding methods in places where the problems of other techniques are highlighted.

Published
2021

7. Introducing muography:problems and challenges

Author

Holma, M. (M.), Kuusiniemi, P. (P.), Joutsenvaara, J. (J.), Enqvist, T. (T.), Loo, K. (K.), Kozlovskaya, E. (E.), Zhang, Z.-X. (Z.-X.), Hynynen, I. (I.), Heikkilä, R. (R.), Sarala, P. (P.), Torppa, J. (J.), Öhman, T. (T.), Tanaka, H. K. (H. K. M.), Oláh, L. (L.), Steigerwald, S. (S.), Sumiya, K. (K.), Varga, D. (D.), Hamar, G. (G.), Nyitrai, G. (G.), Leone, G. (G.), Presti, D. L. (D. Lo), Gallo, G. (G.), D’Incecco, P. (P.), and Thompson, L. (L.)

Published
2021

8. Working group on epidemiology & prevention of the european society of cardiology: Proceedings of meeting held at Shannon May 14th–17th, 1998

Author

Sullivan, P. A., Murphy, D., Sullivan, P. A., Keogh, S., Sullivan, P. A., Nash, P., Kaarisalo, M. M., Marttila, J., Immonen-Raiha, P., Salomaa, V., Torppa, J., Tuomilehto, J., Siani, A., Racone, R., Ragone, E., Stinga, F., Strazzullol, P., Cappuccio, F. P., Trevisan, M., Farinaro, E., Mellone, C., Fox, K. F., Cowie, M. R., Wood, D. A., Coats, A. J., Poole Wilson, P. A., Sutton, G. C., Yarnell, J., Sweetnam, P., Thomas, H., Piwonski, J., Piotrowski, W., Pytlak, A., Wannamethee, S. G., Shaper, A. G., Walker, M., Sharpe, P. C., Young, I. S., Hasselwander, O., McMaster, D., Mercer, C., McGrath, L. T., Evans, A. E., Thomas, F., Guize, L., Ducimetiere, P., Benetos, A., Rosolova, H., Simon, J., Mayer, O., Sefrna, F., Mayer, O., Šimon, J., Rosolova, H., Racek, J., Trefil, L., Marin-Tarlea, M., Carp, C., Apetrei, E., Ginghina, C., Serban, I., Florica, N., Ceck, C., Patrascoiu, M., Ginghina, C., Carp, C., Apetrei, E., Tarlea, M., Cioranu, R., Florica, N., Ceck, C., Vaduva, M., Mihaescu, D., Lapadat, M., Ashton, W. D., Wood, D., Nanchahahal, K., Kelleher, C. C., Brennan, P. J., Howarth, D., Meade, T. W., Kelleher, C. C., Fallon, U. B., McCarthy, U., O’Donnell, M. M. K., Dineen, B., Jousilahti, P., Vartiainen, E., Tuomilehto, J., Puska, P., Kastarinen, M., Nissinen, A., Salomaa, V., Vartiainen, E., Jousilahti, P., Tuomilehto, J., Puska, P., Rosengren, A., Wedel, H., Wilhelmsen, L., Liese, A. D., Hense, H. W., Keil, U., Keil, U., Liese, A. D., Hense, H. W., Filipiak, B., Döring, A., Stieber, J., Lowel, H., De Laet, C., Brasseur, D., Kahn, A., Wautrecht, J. C., Decuyper, J., Boeynaems, J. M., Jousilahti, P., Vartiainen, E., Tuomilehto, J., Sundvall, J., Puska, P., Marques-Vidal, P., Ferrières, J., Haas, B., Evans, A., Amouyel, P., Luc, G., Ducimetiere, P., Marques-Vidal, P., Ferrieres, J., Arveiler, D., Montaye, M., Evans, A., Ducimetiere, P., Fuentes, R., Notkola, I. -L., Shemeikka, S., Tuomilehto, J., Nissinen, A., Mak, R., De BacquerBacquer, D., De Backer, G., Stam, M., Koyuncu, R., de Smet, P., Kornitzer, M., Braeckman, L., De Backer, G., De Bacquer, D., Claeys, L., Delanghe, J., De Bacquer, D., Kornitzer, M., De Backer, G., Cífkova, R., Pit’ha, J., Červenka, L., Šejda, T., Lanska, V., Škodová, Z., Stavek, P., Poledne, R., Cífková, R., Duskova, A., Hauserová, G., Hejl, Z., Lánská, V., Škodova, Z., Pistulková, H., Poledne, R., Hubáček, J., Pit’ha, J., Stávek, P., Lánská, V., Cífková, R., Faleiro, L. L., Rodrigues, D., Fonseca, A., Martins, M. C., Norris, R. M., Nyyssönen, K., Seppänen, K., Salonen, R., Kantola, M., Salonen, J. T., Parviainen, M. T., De Henauw, S., Myny, K., Doyen, Z., Van Oyen, H., Tafforeau, J., Kornitzer, M., De Backer, G., Benetos, A., Thomas, F., Guize, L., Immonen-Räihä, P., Kaarisalo, M., Marttila, R. J., Torppa, J., Tuomilehto, J., Houterman, S., Hofman, B., Witteman, J. C. M., Verschuren, W. M. M., van de Vijver, L. P. L., Kardinaal, A. F. M., Grobbee, D. E., van Poppel, G., Princen, H. M. G., Kornitzer, M., Doven, M., Koyuncu, R., De Bacquer, D., Myny, K., De Backer, G., Tafforeau, J., Van Oven, H., Doyen, M., Koyuncu, R., Kornitzer, M., De Bacquer, D., Myny, K., De Backer, G., Tafforeau, J., Van Oyen, H., de Bree, A., Verschuren, W. M. M., Blom, H. J., Mulder, I., Smit, H. A., Menotti, A., Kromhout, D., Van den Hoogen, P. C. W., Hofman, A., Witteman, J. C. M., Feskens, E. J. M., Štika, L., Bruthans, J., Wierzbicka, M., Bolinska, H., Voutilainen, S., Nyyssönen, K., Salonen, R., Lakka, T. A., Salonen, J. T., Lakka, H -M., Lakka, T. A., Salonen, J. T., Tuomainen, T-P., Nyyssonen, K., Salonen, J. T., Punnonen, K., Yarnell, J., Patterson, C., Thomas, H., Sweetnam, P., Smith, W. C. S., Campbell, S. E., Cardy, A., Phillips, D. O., Helms, P. J., Squair, J., Smith, W. C. S., Cardy, A., Phillips, D. O., Helms, P. J., Squair, J., Smith, W. C. S., Cardy, A., Phillips, D. O., Helms, P. J., Squair, J., Pytlak, A., Piotrowski, W., Rywik, S., Waskiewicz, A., Sygnowska, E., Szczesniewska, D., Sygnowska, E., Waskiewicz, A., Wagrowska, H., Polakowska, M., Rywik, S., Broda, G., Jasinski, B., Piotrowski, W., Elandt-Johnson, R. C., Wagrowska, H., Kupsé, W., Szczesniewska, D., Platonov, D. Y., Haapanen, N., Miilunpalo, S., Vuori, I., Pasanen, M., Oja, P., Urponen, H., Kopp, M. S., Skrabski, A., Szedmák, S., Boaz, M., Biro, A., Katzir, Z., Matas, T., Smetana, S., Green, M., Whincup, P. H., Morris, R., Walker, M., Lennon, L., Thomson, A., Ebrahim, S. J. B., Refsum, H., Ueland, P. M., Perry, I. J., Boer, J. M. A., Kuivenhoven, J. A., Feskens, E. J. M., Schouten, E. G., Havekes, L. M., Seidell, J. C., Kastelein, J. J. P., Kromhout, D., Oomen, C. M., Feskens, E. J. M., Rasanen, L., Nissinen, A., Fidanza, F., Menotti, A., Kok, F. J., Kromhout, D., Sileikiene, L., Klambienne, J., Milasauskiene, Z., Cappuccio, F. P., Siani, A., Barba, G., Russo, L., Ragone, E., Strazzullo, P., Farinaro, E., Trevisan, M., Schnohr, P., Parner, J., Lange, P., Meleady, R., Graham, I. M., Ueland, P. M., Refsum, H., Blom, H., Whitehead, A. S., Daly, L. E., Stefanovic, B., Boskovic, D., Mitrovic, P., Perunicic, J., Vukcevic, V., Radovanovic, N., Terzic, B., Mrdovic, I., Orilc, D., Matic, G., Vasiljevic, Z., Mitrovic, P., Boskovic, D., Stefanovic, B., Perunicic, J., Vukcevic, V., Mrdovic, I., Radovanovic, N., Orlic, D., Matic, G., Milentijevic, B., Rajic, D., Mitrovic, N., Boskovic, S., Vasiljevic, Z., Marin-Tarlea, M., Carp, C., Apetrei, E., Serban, I., Ceck, C., Patrascsoiu, M., Florica, N., Mihaescu, D., Murphy, C., Meleady, R., Ingram, S., Love, J., Graham, I., Graham, I. M., Meleady, R., van Berkel, T. F. M., Deckers, J. W., and De Bacquer, D.

Published
1998
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9. Long-term prognosis after coronary artery bypass surgery

Author

Ketonen, M., Pajunen, P., Koukkunen, H., Immonen-Räihä, P., Mustonen, J., Mähönen, M., Niemelä, M., Kuulasmaa, K., Palomäki, P., Arstila, M., Vuorenmaa, T., Lehtonen, A., Lehto, S., Miettinen, H., Torppa, J., Tuomilehto, J., Airaksinen, J., Pyörälä, K., and Salomaa, V.

Published
2008
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10. Asteroid shape and spin statistics from convex models

Author

Torppa, J., Hentunen, V.-P., Paakkonen, P., Kehusmaa, P., and Muinonen, K.

Subjects
Albedo -- Models, Albedo -- Analysis, Albedo -- Statistics, Temperature inversions -- Models, Temperature inversions -- Analysis, Temperature inversions -- Statistics, Astronomy, Earth sciences
Abstract

To link to full-text access for this article, visit this link: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.icarus.2008.07.014 Byline: J. Torppa (a), V.-P. Hentunen (b), P. Paakkonen (c), P. Kehusmaa (d), K. Muinonen (a) Keywords: Asteroids Abstract: We introduce techniques for characterizing convex shape models of asteroids with a small number of parameters, and apply these techniques to a set of 87 models from convex inversion. We present three different approaches for determining the overall dimensions of an asteroid. With the first technique, we measured the dimensions of the shapes in the direction of the rotation axis and in the equatorial plane and with the two other techniques, we derived the best-fit ellipsoid. We also computed the inertia matrix of the model shape to test how well it represents the target asteroid, i.e., to find indications of possible non-convex features or albedo variegation, which the convex shape model cannot reproduce. We used shape models for 87 asteroids to perform statistical analyses and to study dependencies between shape and rotation period, size, and taxonomic type. We detected correlations, but more data are required, especially on small and large objects, as well as slow and fast rotators, to reach a more thorough understanding about the dependencies. Results show, e.g., that convex models of asteroids are not that far from ellipsoids in root-mean-square sense, even though clearly irregular features are present. We also present new spin and shape solutions for Asteroids (31) Euphrosyne, (54) Alexandra, (79) Eurynome, (93) Minerva, (130) Elektra, (376) Geometria, (471) Papagena, and (776) Berbericia. We used a so-called semi-statistical approach to obtain a set of possible spin state solutions. The number of solutions depends on the abundancy of the data, which for Eurynome, Elektra, and Geometria was extensive enough for determining an unambiguous spin and shape solution. Data of Euphrosyne, on the other hand, provided a wide distribution of possible spin solutions, whereas the rest of the targets have two or three possible solutions. Author Affiliation: (a) Observatory, P.O. Box 14, 00014 University of Helsinki, Finland (b) Taurus Hill Observatory, Kangaslampi, Finland (c) Jakokoski Observatory, Jakokoski, Finland (d) Slope Rock Observatory, Hyvinkaa, Finland Article History: Received 18 September 2007; Revised 3 July 2008

Published
2008

12. Models of twenty asteroids from photometric data

Author

Kaasalainen, M., Torppa, J., and Piironen, J.

Subjects
Asteroids, Astronomical photometry -- Research, Astronomy, Earth sciences
Abstract

We present models of the shapes and rotational states of selected asteroids based on data from the Uppsala Asteroid Photometric Catalogue. The results show a wide variety of shapes especially among the smaller asteroids. Few asteroids show clear signs of significant albedo variegation. Most rotational states are in reasonable agreement with those previously estimated with rough models. We discuss some practical aspects of photometric analysis and present a simple way of building one-spot models. Key Words: asteroids, rotation; photometry; surfaces, asteroids.

Published
2002

17. Biogeochemical anomaly response of circumboreal shrubs and juniper to the Juomasuo hydrothermal Au-Co deposit in northern Finland

Author

Middleton, M. (Maarit), Torppa, J. (Johanna), Wäli, P. R. (Piippa R.), Sutinen, R. (Raimo), Middleton, M. (Maarit), Torppa, J. (Johanna), Wäli, P. R. (Piippa R.), and Sutinen, R. (Raimo)

Abstract

Tree tissue chemistry has proven successful in guiding advanced exploration in the early stages of mineral exploration projects in Arctic and subarctic regions. In this paper, the biogeochemical response of three circumboreal shrubs, crowberry (Empetrum nigrum L.), Labrador tea (Ledum palustre) and bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus L.), and one conifer, common juniper (Juniperus communis L.), to the underlying hydrothermal Juomasuo Au-Co deposit was assessed in southeast Finnish Lapland. A variety of contrasting spatial multi-elemental anomaly patterns were found for the elements Au and Co, along with Fe, Th, U and rare earth elements, such as Ce, La and Nd, in different plant tissue types over the subcropping lodes and also deep (blind) mineralizations down to a depth of 200 m in two seasonally varying campaigns: in late summer (August) 2013 and early summer (June) 2014. Besides these elements verified by lithogeochemistry, Ag, Bi, Mo, Se, Te, W and Ni exhibited anomalous spatial patterns over the mineralization. Based on the Mann-Whitney-Wilcoxon test, the Au concentrations in twigs/stems of crowberry, bilberry, Labrador tea and common juniper over the mineralization were found to be higher than the background, but the evergreen species gave the most consistent response to the mineralization. This also applied to U, W and Mo, as well as Nd and several other rare earth elements. Using unsupervised clustering with self-organizing maps and k-means, the location of the underlying mineralized zones could be determined with high overall accuracy (70–90%). This indicates that the biogeochemical anomaly patterns over the Juomasuo sulphidic lodes are strong, and the deposit would have been detected from the biogeochemical data even without prior knowledge gained from a diamond drilling campaign. The sampled vascular species are widely distributed over the pan-Arctic and circumboreal terrains, thus demonstrating their considerable significance to mineral exploration fo

Published
2018

22. HST/FGS High Angular Resolution Observations of Binary Asteroids

Author

Daniel HESTROFFER, Tanga, P., Cellino, A., Kaasalainen, M., Torppa, J., Marchis, F., Richardson, D. C., Elankumaran, P., Berthier, J., Colas, F., Lounis, S., Henry, Florence, Institut de Mécanique Céleste et de Calcul des Ephémérides (IMCCE), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), INAF/OATo, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Helsinki, University of Berkeley, University of Maryland, Observatoire de Paris, and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)

Subjects
[PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], [PHYS.ASTR] Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
Abstract

International audience; Binary or multiple asteroids are important bodies that provide insight into the physical properties of asteroids in general. The knowledge of the components orbit in a binary provides the total mass with high accuracy and generally permits a rough bulk-density estimate [1,2]. We have observed 10 selected binary or multiple asteroids (22 Kalliope, 45 Eugenia, 87 Sylvia, 90 Antiope, 107 Camilla, 121 Hermione, 283 Emma, 379 Huenna, 617 Patroclus, 762 Pulcova) with the HST/FGS interferometer in order to obtain high resolution data on the size and shape of their primaries (HST proposal ID 10614). All these systems except the Jupiter Trojan 617 Patroclus are located in the main-belt of asteroids. Combining these HST/FGS data to topographic models obtained from lightcurve inversion [3,4] yields the volume and hence the bulk density of these bodies with unprecedented accuracy [5]. This work will allow us to obtain important information on their internal structure, and insight into the possible gravitational re-accumulation process after a catastrophic disruptive collision [e.g. 6,7,8].In particular, one can see whether or not the surfaces of theses bodies closely follow an effective equipotential surface, and under what circumstances such a correspondence is or is not attained .

Published
2006

23. Remote sensing of asteroids: large population sample from photometric and other data

Author

Kaasalainen, M., Alberto Cellino, Durech, J., Hestroffer, D., Michalowski, T., Pravec, P., Tanga, P., Torppa, J., Warner, B., Jakokoski Observatory, University of Helsinki, INAF-Osservatorio Astrofisico di Torino (INAF-OATo), Astron. Institute, Charles Univ., Prague, Czech Republic, Institut de Mécanique Céleste et de Calcul des Ephémérides (IMCCE), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań (UAM), Astron. Institute AS CR, Ondrejov, Czech Republic, Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), and Palmer Divide Observatory, Colorado Springs

Subjects
[PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
Abstract

International audience; We review recent results of a project for building a large number of comprehensive physical asteroid models from combined photo- and interferometric observations, occultation timings, and other complementary data. Photometric data form the robust and stable basis for modelling, while particularly HST/FGS-interferometry and CW radar data can add local topographic information. We have built multidatainversion procedures that can efficiently combine such complementary data. We have also studied the specific characteristics and capabilities of the sources.

Published
2003

26. The validity of the Finnish Hospital Discharge Register and Causes of Death Register data on coronary heart disease

Author

Pajunen, P., primary, Koukkunen, H., additional, Ketonen, M., additional, Jerkkola, T., additional, Immonen-Raiha, P., additional, Karja-Koskenkari, P., additional, Mahonen, M., additional, Niemela, M., additional, Kuulasmaa, K., additional, Palomaki, P., additional, Mustonen, J., additional, Lehtonen, A., additional, Arstila, M., additional, Vuorenmaa, T., additional, Lehto, S., additional, Miettinen, H., additional, Torppa, J., additional, Tuomilehto, J., additional, Kesaniemi, Y. A., additional, Pyorala, K., additional, and Salomaa, V., additional

Published
2005
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28. Twenty years monitoring of extragalactic sources at 22, 37 and 87 GHz

Author

Teräsranta, H., primary, Achren, J., additional, Hanski, M., additional, Heikkilä, J., additional, Holopainen, J., additional, Joutsamo, O., additional, Juhola, M., additional, Karlamaa, K., additional, Katajainen, S., additional, Keinänen, P., additional, Koivisto, P., additional, Koskimies, M., additional, Könönen, P., additional, Lainela, M., additional, Lähtenmäki, A., additional, Mäkinen, K., additional, Niemelä, T., additional, Nurmi, P., additional, Pursimo, T., additional, Rekola, R., additional, Savolainen, T., additional, Tornikoski, M., additional, Torppa, J., additional, Valtonen, T., additional, Varjonen, N., additional, Vilenius, E., additional, Virtanen, J., additional, and Wiren, S., additional

Published
2004
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29. Decline in Out-of-Hospital Coronary Heart Disease Deaths Has Contributed the Main Part to the Overall Decline in Coronary Heart Disease Mortality Rates Among Persons 35 to 64 Years of Age in Finland

Author

Salomaa, V., primary, Ketonen, M., additional, Koukkunen, H., additional, Immonen-Räihä, P., additional, Jerkkola, T., additional, Kärjä-Koskenkari, P., additional, Mähönen, M., additional, Niemelä, M., additional, Kuulasmaa, K., additional, Palomäki, P., additional, Mustonen, J., additional, Arstila, M., additional, Vuorenmaa, T., additional, Lehtonen, A., additional, Lehto, S., additional, Miettinen, H., additional, Torppa, J., additional, Tuomilehto, J., additional, Kesäniemi, Y.A., additional, and Pyörälä, K., additional

Published
2003
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31. Decline of Coronary Heart Disease Mortality in Finland During 1983 to 1992: Roles of Incidence, Recurrence, and Case-Fatality

Author

Salomaa, V., primary, Miettinen, H., additional, Kuulasmaa, K., additional, Niemela¨, M., additional, Ketonen, M., additional, Vuorenmaa, T., additional, Lehto, S., additional, Paloma¨ki, P., additional, Ma¨ho¨nen, M., additional, Immonen-Ra¨iha¨, P., additional, Arstila, M., additional, Kaarsalo, E., additional, Mustaniemi, H., additional, Torppa, J., additional, Tuomilehto, J., additional, Puska, P., additional, and Pyo¨ra¨la¨, K., additional

Published
1996
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35. Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in Finland—baseline data from the FINMONICA AMI register in 1983–1985

Author

TUOMILETHTO, J., primary, ARSTILA, M., additional, KAARSALO, E., additional, KANKAANPÄÄ, J., additional, KETONEN, M., additional, KUULASMAA, K., additional, LEHTO, S., additional, MIETTINEN, H., additional, MUSTANIEMI, H., additional, PALOMÄKI, P., additional, PUSKA, P., additional, PYÖRÄLÄ, K., additional, SaLOMAA, V., additional, TORPPA, J., additional, and VUORENMAA, T., additional

Published
1992
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36. Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in Finland—baseline data from the FINMONICA AMI register in 1983–1985

Author

TUOMILEHTO, J., primary, ARSTILA, M., additional, KAARSALO, E., additional, KANKAANPüÄ, J., additional, KETONEN, M., additional, KUULASMAA, K., additional, LEHTO, S., additional, MIETTINEN, H., additional, MUSTANIEMI, H., additional, PALOMÄKI, P., additional, PUSKA, P., additional, PYÖRÄLÄ, K., additional, SALOMAA, V., additional, TORPPA, J., additional, and VUORENMAA, T., additional

Published
1992
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37. A statistical approach to determining the uncertainty of peat thickness.

Author

Torppa, J.

Abstract

This paper presents statistical studies of peat thickness to define its expected maximum variation (▵ dm(▵ r)) as a function of separation distance ▵ r. The aim was to provide an estimate of the observational uncertainty in peat depth due to positioning error, and the prediction uncertainty of the computed model. The data were GPS position and ground penetrating radar depth measurements of six mires in different parts of Finland. The calculated observational uncertainty for Finnish mires in general caused, for example, by a 20 m positioning error, is 43 cm in depth with 95 % confidence. The peat depth statistics differed among the six mires, and it is recommended that the mire specific function ▵ dm(▵ r) is defined for each individual mire to obtain the best estimate of observational uncertainty. Knowledge of the observational error and function ▵ dm(▵ r) should be used in peat depth modelling for defining the uncertainty of depth predictions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2011

39. Trends in coronary events in Finland during 1983–1997; The FINAMI study.

Author

Salomaa, V., Ketonen, M., Koukkunen, H., Immonen-Räihä, P., Jerkkola, T., Kärjä-Koskenkari, P., Mähönen, M., Niemelä, M., Kuulasmaa, K., Palomäki, P., Arstila, M., Vuorenmaa, T., Lehtonen, A., Lehto, S., Miettinen, H., Torppa, J., Tuomilehto, J., Kesäniemi, Y.A., and Pyörälä, K.

Abstract

Aims To analyse the trends in incidence, recurrence, case fatality, and treatments of acute coronary events in Finland during the 15-year period 1983–97.Methods and results Population-based MI registration has been carried out in defined geographical areas, first as a part of the FINMONICA Project and then continued as the FINAMI register. During the study period, 6501 coronary heart disease (CHD) events were recorded among men and 1778 among women aged 35–64 years. The CHD mortality declined on average 6.4%/year (95% confidence interval −5.4, −7.4%) among men and 7.0%/year (−4.7, −9.3%) among women. The mortality from recurrent events declined even more steeply, 9.9%/year (−8.3, −11.4%) among men and 9.3%/year (−5.1, −13.4%) among women. The proportion of recurrent events of all CHD events also declined significantly in both sexes. Of all coronary deaths, 74% among men and 61% among women took place out-of-hospital. The decline in 28-day case fatality was 1.3%/year (−0.3, −2.3%) among men and 3.1%/year (−0.7, −5.5%) among women.Conclusions The study period was characterized by a marked reduction in the occurrence of recurrent CHD events and a relatively modest reduction in the 28-day case fatality. The findings suggest that primary and secondary prevention have played the main roles in the decline in CHD mortality in Finland. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Published
2003
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41. Gender differences in recurrent coronary events. The FINMONICA MI register.

Author

Schreiner, P.J, Niemelä, M, Miettinen, H, Mähönen, M, Ketonen, M, Immonen-Räihä, P, Lehto, S, Vuorenmaa, T, Palomäki, P, Mustaniemi, H, Kaarsalo, E, Arstila, M, Torppa, J, Puska, P, Tuomilehto, J, Pyörälä, K, and Salomaa, V

Abstract

Background Male gender is an established risk factor for first myocardial infarction, but some studies have suggested that among myocardial infarction survivors, women fare worse than men. Therefore, we examined the long-term prognosis of incident myocardial infarction survivors in a large, population-based MI register, addressing gender differences in mortality as well as the number of events and time intervals between recurrent events.Methods and Results Study subjects included 4900 men and women, aged 25–64 years, with definite or probable first myocardial infarctions who were alive 28 days after the onset of symptoms. At first myocardial infarction, women were older and more likely to be hypertensive or diabetic than men, and had a greater proportion of probable vs definite events. After adjustment for age and geographic region, men had 1·74 times the risk of fatal coronary heart disease relative to women (hazard ratio=1·63 and 1·55 for cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality, respectively) over an average of 5·9 years of follow-up. Number and time intervals between any recurrent event—fatal and non-fatal—did not differ by gender.Conclusion These data suggest that men are far more likely to have a fatal recurrent event than women despite comparable numbers of events. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Published
2001
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47. Optimization Methods for Asteroid Lightcurve InversionI. Shape Determination

Author

Kaasalainen, M. and Torppa, J.

Abstract

We have developed new methods for determining the shapes (and albedo distributions), rotation periods, and pole directions (as well as other parameters, e.g., those of the scattering law) of asteroids from their lightcurves. This paper concentrates on shape determination. The recovered shapes are general and not based on modifications of any prior shape model. We produce test lightcurves of various nonconvex bodies with a fast ray-tracing algorithm. We show that the use of positive definite quantities effectively removes the apparent ill-posedness of the problem. Our methods can obtain convex hulls even for strongly nonconvex objects; major concavities can also be resolved.

Published
2001
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48. Optimization Methods for Asteroid Lightcurve InversionII. The Complete Inverse Problem

Author

Kaasalainen, M., Torppa, J., and Muinonen, K.

Abstract

The rotation period, pole direction, and scattering parameters of an asteroid can be deduced from its lightcurves simultaneously with the shape. Simulations and real data indicate that the result obtained with convex inversion is unique and stable if several lightcurves obtained at various geometries are available. Since the parameters of scattering laws such as the Hapke or Lumme–Bowell models cannot be determined well using lightcurves only, we introduce a simple empirical scattering law. This law can be applied in the computation of reference lightcurves and phase curves for further analysis of the physical properties of the surface. We present shape, pole, and period solutions for asteroids that have also been observed by space probes or radar.

Published
2001
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49. Relation of socioeconomic position to the case fatality, prognosis and treatment of myocardial infarction events; the FINMONICA MI Register Study

Author

Palomäki, P., Salomaa, V., Mustaniemi, H., Miettinen, H., Kaarsalo, E., Niemelä, M., Arstila, M., Ketonen, M., Torppa, J., Mähönen, M., Kuulasmaa, K., Immonen-Räihä, P., Puska, P., Lehto, S., Pyörälä, K., Vuorenmaa, T., Tuomilehto, J., and Koskinen, S.

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: To examine socioeconomic differences in case fatality and prognosis of myocardial infarction (MI) events, and to estimate the contributions of incidence and case fatality to socioeconomic differences in coronary heart disease (CHD) mortality. DESIGN: A population-based MI register study. METHODS: The FINMONICA MI Register recorded all MI events among persons aged 35-64 years in three areas of Finland during 1983-1992. A record linkage of the MI Register data with the files of Statistics Finland was performed to obtain information on socioeconomic indicators for each individual registered. First MI events (n=8427) were included in the analyses. MAIN RESULTS: The adjusted risk ratio of prehospital coronary death was 2.11 (95% CI 1.82, 2.46) among men and 1.68 (1.14, 2.48) among women with low income compared with those with high income. Even among persons hospitalised alive the risk of death during the next 12 months was markedly higher in the low income group than in the high income group. Case fatality explained 51% of the CHD mortality difference between the low and the high income groups among men and 38% among women. Incidence contributed 49% and 62%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Considerable socioeconomic differences were observed in the case fatality of first coronary events both before hospitalisation and among patients hospitalised alive. Case fatality explained a half of the CHD mortality difference between the low and the high income groups among men and more than a third among women.

Published
2001

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