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Introduction: The SARS-CoV-2 virus can cause a high rate of olfactory disorders. Although some patients report subjective improvement, quantitative olfactory tests may not reflect an actual improvement in olfactory function. The aim of our study was to assess the olfactory dysfunction caused by SARS-CoV-2 using the Sniffin' Sticks test and to determine whether there is a significant difference in the results of olfactory tests between patients with olfactory recovery and those without. Methods: The study included 54 patients with olfactory disorders after a COVID-19 diagnosis and 27 healthy controls. COVID-19 patients were divided into two groups: Group 1 (n=27) with recovered complaints and Group 2 (n=27) with persistent complaints. Olfactory functions were tested using the Sniffin' Sticks test and compared with those of the healthy controls (Group 3, n=27). Results: Threshold (T), Discrimination (D), Identification (I), and TDI scores significantly decreased (p<0.01) between the olfactory dysfunction groups (Groups 1 and 2) and the healthy controls. Comparison between Groups 1 and 2 showed significant decreases in D, I, and TDI scores (p<0.01), while T scores did not differ significantly (p>0.05). In Group 1, the mean recovery time for olfactory dysfunction was recorded as 11.7 days. Discussion and Conclusion: In the subjective evaluation of COVID-19 patients who reported improvement in their sense of smell, the validated olfactory test revealed that their olfactory impairment persisted. According to the results of the Sniffin' Sticks test, lower TDI values were observed compared to healthy controls. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Pneumatization of paranasal sinuses varies greatly between patients, and certain pneumatization variants have been associated with specific clinical conditions. The present research aimed to evaluate the presence of coexistence smaller maxillary and frontal sinus volume and narrow internal nasal valve angle and whether this association is significant. Methods: Sixty patients aged above 18 years old who underwent surgery for caudal septal deviation at the ear nose throat department of a tertiary care hospital between 2018 and 2021 were included in this retrospective cross-sectional study. The internal nasal valve angle was measured from reformatted coronal computed tomography scans. The maxillary sinus volume and frontal sinus volume were calculated using a workstation. The maxillary sinus and frontal sinus volumes were classified as narrow side and wide side according to the internal nasal valve angle measurements. The narrow- and wide-side maxillary sinus and frontal sinus volumes were compared within each other. Results: There was a statistically significant difference between the maxillary sinus volumes of the narrow internal nasal valve angle side and wide internal nasal valve angle side (mean ± SD: 14.47 ± 5.45 and 15.21 ± 5.31 mL, respectively, P = .014). There was a statistically significant difference between the frontal sinus volumes of the narrow internal nasal valve angle side and wide internal nasal valve angle side (median: 2.85 and 3.08 mL, respectively, P < .001). Conclusion: The maxillary sinus and frontal sinus volumes ipsilateral to the narrow internal nasal valve angle sides were significantly decreased. This coexistence may be significant. Further studies are needed to explain the significance of this association. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Our aim is to determine the incidence of the contralateral ear (CLE) pathologies in patients with chronic otitis media (COM) and to review the literature. Materials and Methods: Total of 271 patients who had been diagnosed as having COM with or without cholesteatoma were evaluated. Pathologic alterations such as tympanic membrane perforations, adhesive otitis, cholesteatoma, retraction pockets, and tympanosclerosis in the CLE were determined. Results: Of all patients, 39.1 % had pathologic alterations in their CLE. The 60.9% of the CLE s were normal. The most frequent finding in these patients was dry perforation of the tympanic membrane (26.9%). The remaining pathologies were retractions (7.3%), cholesteatoma (1.9%), sclerosis (2.2%), and adhesive otitis media (0.7%). Conclusion: A considerable percentage of the CLE s of the patients with COM were affected with a spectrum of pathologies at some degree. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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