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OBJECTIVE: To assess the perception of risk of exposure in the management of hazardous drugs (HDs) through home hospitalization and hospital units. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A questionnaire was released, at the national level, to health professionals with HD management expertise. Questionnaire included 21 questions that were scored using a Likert scale: 0 (null probability) to 4 (very high probability). The internal consistency and reliability of the questionnaire were calculated using Cronbach's alpha and the intraclass correlation coefficient, respectively. RESULTS: 144 questionnaires (response rate 70.2%) were obtained: 65 (45.1%) were nurses, 42 (28.9%) occupational physicians, and 37 (26.1%) were pharmacists. Cronbach's alpha was 0.93, and intraclass correlation coefficient was 0.94 (95% CI 0.91-0.97; p-value < 0.001). The mean probability was 1.95 ± 1.02 (median 1.9; minimum: 0.05; 1st quartile 1.1; 3rd quartile 2.6; and maximum 4). Differences were observed in scoring among professional groups (occupational physicians versus nurses (1.6/2.1, p = 0.044); pharmacists versus nurses (1.7/2.1, p = 0.05); and occupational physicians versus pharmacists (1.6/1.7, p = 0.785), due mainly to the administration stage (p = 0.015). CONCLUSIONS: The perception of risk of exposure was moderate, being higher for nurses. It would be advisable to integrate HDs into a standardized management system (risk management model applicable to any healthcare center) to improve the safety of health professionals.

This study aimed to analyze and relate the population interest through information search trends on Nutrition and Healthy Diet (HD) with the Occupational Health (OH). Ecological and correlational study of the Relative Search Volume (RSV) obtained from Google Trends query, segmented in two searched periods concerning antiquity; date of query: 20 April 2021. The RSV trends for the analyzed three Topics were: Nutrition (R-2 = 0.02), HD (R-2 = 0.07) and OH (R-2 = -0.72). There was a good positive correlation between Nutrition and OH (R = 0.56, p < 0.001) and a moderate one between HD and OH (R = 0.32, p < 0.001). According to seasons, differences were verified between RSV means in the Topics HD (p < 0.01) and OH (p < 0.001). Temporal dependence was demonstrated on Nutrition searches (Augmented Dickey-Fuller = -2.35, p > 0.05). There was only a significant relationship between the RSV Topic HD (p < 0.05) for the Developing and Least Developed countries. The data on the analyzed RSV demonstrated diminishing interest in the search information on HD and OH as well as a clearly positive trend change in recent years for Nutrition. A good positive correlation was observed between the RSV of nutrition and OH whereas the correlation between HD and OH was moderate. There were no milestones found that may report a punctual event leading to the improvement of information searches. Temporal dependence was corroborated in the RSV on Nutrition, but not in the other two Topics. Strangely, only an association was found on HD searches between the Developing and Least Developed Countries. The study of information search trends may provide useful information on the population's interest in the disease data, as well as would gradually allow the analysis of differences in popularity, or interest even between different countries. Thus, this information might be used as a guide for public health approaches regarding nutrition and a healthy diet at work.

Manual resistance training (MRT) has been widely used in the field of physical therapy. It has also been used as a strength training method due to the accommodating resistance nature of this modality. The aim of the present study was to compare the effects of an 8-week MRT program on maximum strength and muscular endurance in comparison to conventional resistance training in recreationally trained men. Twenty healthy recreationally trained male subjects were recruited and divided into a MRT training group and a conventional training (CT) group. CT group performed bench press and lat pull-down exercises, and the MRT group performed similar movements with resistance provided by a personal trainer. Both groups completed similar training protocol and training load: 2 training sessions weekly for 3 sets of 8 repetitions at an intensity of 8 to 10 on the perceived exertion scale of 0-10. Initial maximum strength differences were not significant between the groups. Neither group showed significant changes in muscular strength or endurance. Despite the statistically non-significant pre-to post differences, a trend for improvement was observed and effect size (ES) calculations indicated greater magnitude of effects for strength and endurance changes in the MRT group in lat pulldown (g=0.84) compared to CT group. Effectiveness of MRT is similar to CT for improving muscular strength and endurance. MRT can be used as a supplemental or alternative strength training modality for recreationally trained subjects, or be considered by personal trainers especially in low equipped facility conditions. Univ Alicante, Dept Gen & Specif Didact, Alicante, Spain Benestar Wellness Ctr, Valencia, Spain Int Hypopress & Phys Therapy Inst, Vigo, Spain Univ Valencia, Dept Phys Therapy, Valencia, Spain Univ Fed São Paulo, Dept Biosci, Santos, Brazil Praia Grande Coll, Fac Phys Educ, Praia Grande, Brazil Univ Texas El Paso, Dept Kinesiol, 1851 Wiggins St, El Paso, TX 79968 USA Univ Fed São Paulo, Dept Biosci, Santos, Brazil Web of Science

The aim of the study was to assess through the heart rate (HR) the intensity of training sessions with elite basketball players. Eleven basketball players belonging to a Leb Oro team used HR monitors during 12 training sessions providing 238 HR files. In each exercise the number of players, type of exercise, type of defense, dimensions of the field and time were analyzed, calculating their HRmax, % HRmax, HRmed, and % HRmed depending on their specific positions (Guard, Forward and Centers). No significant differences were found based on the number of players or dimensions of the field, however more intensity was observed in the individual defense (p < .01). Moreover, there is a tendency to have greater intensity at SUP and INF drills. Centers reached the highest intensity in drills with more spaces (1x1, 2x2, SUP, INF) while Guards showed greater intensity in 3x3, 4x4 y 5x5 drills. The results of this study will help improve the planning and scheduling of workouts El objetivo del estudio es conocer la intensidad, mediante la frecuencia cardiaca (FC), de los ejercicios utilizados por un equipo de elite de baloncesto. 11 jugadores pertenecientes a un equipo de Leb Oro utilizaron pulsómetros durante 12 sesiones, obteniendo 238 registros de FC. En cada ejercicio se registraron el número de jugadores, tipo de ejercicio, volumen, tipo de defensa y dimensiones del campo, obteniéndose la FCmáx, % FCmáx, FCmed y % FCmed en función de los puestos específicos (Base, Alero y Pívot). No hubo diferencias significativas en función del número de jugadores o las dimensiones del campo, aunque se observó que la defensa individual era más intensa (p < .01). Asimismo los ejercicios de superioridades e inferioridades fueron los de mayor intensidad. Los Pívots obtuvieron mayor intensidad en ejercicios con mucho espacio, mientras que en 3x3, 4x4 y 5x5 fueron los Bases los que mostraron mayores intensidades. Los resultados de este estudio ayudarán a mejorar la planificación y programación de las sesiones y ejercicios.

P. 277-281 Este estudio examina el diseño y la validación de una propuesta de metodología de análisis táctico para el estudio del pick and roll en el baloncesto, aplicando los principios de la metodología de observación y el registro de acciones en su contexto natural. Hemos desarrollado tres fases: Fase 1) Identificación y selección de las variables de análisis, en las que se identificaron y catalogaron las variables de comportamiento (pick and roll), las variables de análisis contextual (área de corte, tiempo de posesión y período de juego) y las variables de análisis evaluativo. (resultado de la acción); Fase 2) Creación ad hoc de instrumentos de grabación, en la que se adaptó una herramienta informática (VA-Sports Software: Basketball) para abordar las particularidades y necesidades específicas del estudio de las situaciones de pick and roll ; y Fase 3) Control de calidad de los datos, en el que se establecieron los criterios de selección para la muestra, se llevó a cabo el proceso de capacitación de los observadores y se verificó el nivel de acuerdo interno y la concordancia intra-observador para evaluar la confiabilidad de la metodología. En este estudio se analizaron un total de 192 situaciones de pick and roll correspondientes a 6 partidos de la Liga ACB española. Los resultados sugieren un alto nivel de confiabilidad de la metodología diseñada; en conjunto, obtuvo un valor Kappa promedio alto (.994), lo que lleva a la conclusión de que las variables de análisis propuestas son precisas en su definición y categorización para estudiar las situaciones de pick and roll. Las variables de análisis: el tiempo de posesión, el período de juego y los resultados de la acción mostraron un nivel máximo de acuerdo (valor Kappa 1.000), mientras que las variables de análisis: el área de pick and roll y de corte también muestran un alto grado de objetividad (valores Kappa de .990 y .981 respectivamente) SI

The dimeric cell-surface glycoprotein CD8 is crucial to the positive selection of cytotoxic T cells in the thymus. The homodimer CD8αα or the heterodimer αβ stabilizes the interaction of the T-cell antigen receptor (TCR) with major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class l/peptide by binding to the class I molecule. Here we report the crystal structure at 2.7 Å resolution of a complex between CD8αα and the human MHC molecule HLA-A2, which is associated with peptide. CD8αα binds one HLA-A2/peptide molecule, interfacing with the α2 and α3 domains of HLA-A2 and also contacting β2- microglobulin. A flexible loop of the α3 domain (residues 223-229) is damped between the complementarity-determining region (CDR)-like loops of the two CD8 subunits in the classic manner of an antibody-antigen interaction, precluding the binding of a second MHC molecule. The position of the α3 domain is different from that in uncomplexed HLA-A2 (refs 3, 4), being most similar to that in the TCR/Tax/HLA-A2 complex, but no conformational change extends to the MHC/peptide surface presented for TCR recognition. Although these shifts in α3 may provide a synergistic modulation of affinity, the binding of CD8 to MHC is dearly consistent with an avidity-based contribution from CD8 to TCR-peptide-MHC interactions.

En los últimos años son numerosos los trabajos de investigación que han aplicado el análisis notacional al estudio del comportamiento técnico-táctico de los deportistas en contextos naturales de competición. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue describir el tipo de acciones realizadas en función del rol de juego desempeñado por jugadoras de voleibol durante la competición. Aplicando principios de análisis notacional se analizaron un total de 19635 acciones, correspondientes a 3 sets de cada uno de los 8 equipos que participaron en el Campeonato de España Universitario de Voleibol en categoría Femenina. Para la obtención de los datos se elaboraron instrumentos ad hoc de observación y registro. Dentro de las acciones realizadas por los diferentes roles de juego específicos, la central llevó a cabo más acciones de bloqueo (25,4%), la colocadora de colocación (31,6%), y la receptora, líbero y opuesta de defensa (38,5, 40,6 y 42,9%, respectivamente). El conocimiento de las acciones realizadas por las jugadoras es de gran ayuda para la optimización del rendimiento, ya que permite el diseño de tareas específicas en función del rol de las jugadoras. ABSTRACT: In recent years there have been a lot of studies that have implemented the notational analysis to the study of the technical-tactical behaviours of the athletes in competition. The aim of this study is to describe the type of actions carried out in relationship with the role of the playerby players of volleyball during the competition. Apply principles of notational analysis to a total of 19635 actions, corresponding to 3 sets of each of the 8 teams that participated in the Female Volleyball University Spanish Championship. Among the actions taken by the specific roles of the player, the middleblocker carried out more blocks (25,4%), the setter of setting (31,6%), and the receiver, libero and opposite of dig (38,5; 40,6 and 42,9%, respectively).The knowledge of the actions performed by the players is a great help in the optimization of the performance, because it allows the design of specific tasks depending on the role of the players.

7 páginas, 2 figuras, 2 tablas., We tested the hypothesis that seed availability is a limiting factor for plant colonization of road embankments under Mediterranean climate conditions. Experimental sowing on 10 road embankments was carried out to compare the colonization success of plants that Successfully colonize the road embankment and species that appear only occasionally in the road embankments. After sowing, we measured plant establishment, biomass production, and reproductive capacity of the species. The species that appear only occasionally in the road embankments had lower emergence rates (1.1 +/- 0.3%) than species that were successful colonizers (18.8 +/- 2.9%). None of the species of the former group survived or reproduced. The results did not support the hypothesis that seed availability was the main factor limiting plant colonization in the road embankments. We concluded that the arrival of seeds to road embankments under Mediterranean climate conditions was not enough to ensure colonization success of plants. Other factors, like hydric stress, appeared to affect seedling establishment and plant growth. Reclamation measures such as species selection should be taken in account to ensure revegetation success of road embankments., We thank the Spanish "Plan Nacional I+D+I del Mnisterio de Ciencia y Tecnología" (project REN2001-2313), "Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas" and "Fundación Bancaja" for their funding. We also thank José Antonio Bellido for his assistance in sowing, plot weeding and seed collecting; Maite Pardo for her assistance in sowing; the staff of the laboratories of the CIDE for soil analyses; Miguel Verdú and David Conesa for their help with statistical analyses; and two anonymous referees for their considerable help in improving the manuscript.

A novel sordarin derivative, moriniafungin (1), containing a 2-hydroxysebacic acid residue linked to C-3′ of the sordarose residue of sordarin through a 1,3-dioxolan-4-one ring was isolated from the fungus Morinia pestalozzioides. Isolation of moriniafungin employed a highly specific bioassay consisting of a panel of Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains containing chimeric eEF2 for Candida glabrata, Candida krusei, Candida lusitaniae, Crytpococcus neoformans, and Aspergillus fumigatus as well as wild type and human eEF2. Moriniafungin exhibited an MIC of 6 μg/mL versus Candida albicans and IC50's ranging from 0.9 to 70 μg/mL against a panel of clinically relevant Candida strains. Moriniafungin was shown to inhibit in vitro translation in the chimeric S. cerevisae strains at levels consistent with the observed IC50. Moriniafungin has the broadest antifungal spectrum and most potent activity of any natural sordarin analog identified to date.