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6. Effectiveness of Immunotherapy in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients with a Diagnosis of COPD: Is This a Hidden Prognosticator for Survival and a Risk Factor for Immune-Related Adverse Events?

Author

Riondino, Silvia, Rosenfeld, Roberto, Formica, Vincenzo, Morelli, Cristina, Parisi, Giusy, Torino, Francesco, Mariotti, Sabrina, and Roselli, Mario

Subjects
OBSTRUCTIVE lung disease diagnosis, DRUG side effects, IMMUNOTHERAPY, OXIDATIVE stress, IMMUNE checkpoint inhibitors, CELL lines, DRUG efficacy, OBSTRUCTIVE lung diseases, LUNG cancer, INFLAMMATION, CYTOKINES, IMMUNE checkpoint proteins, DISEASE progression, EVALUATION
Abstract

Simple Summary: The interaction between the immune system, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is complex and multifaceted and involves all cellular elements of the tumour microenvironment, together with the molecules expressed and secreted in the inflamed milieu. In patients with both diseases, considering that COPD is thought to impair the immune response against tumour cells, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) combined with chemotherapy appear to improve the pathological responses of NSCLC patients, showing promising improvements in survival. In the present review, we sought to understand the interaction between the two pathways and how the efficacy of immunotherapy in patients with NSCLC and COPD is affected in these patients. The interplay between the immune system and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is complex and multifaceted. In COPD, chronic inflammation and oxidative stress can lead to immune dysfunction that can exacerbate lung damage, further worsening the respiratory symptoms. In NSCLC, immune cells can recognise and attack the cancer cells, which, however, can evade or suppress the immune response by various mechanisms, such as expressing immune checkpoint proteins or secreting immunosuppressive cytokines, thus creating an immunosuppressive tumour microenvironment that promotes cancer progression and metastasis. The interaction between COPD and NSCLC further complicates the immune response. In patients with both diseases, COPD can impair the immune response against cancer cells by reducing or suppressing the activity of immune cells, or altering their cytokine profile. Moreover, anti-cancer treatments can also affect the immune system and worsen COPD symptoms by causing lung inflammation and fibrosis. Immunotherapy itself can also cause immune-related adverse events that could worsen the respiratory symptoms in patients with COPD-compromised lungs. In the present review, we tried to understand the interplay between the two pathologies and how the efficacy of immunotherapy in NSCLC patients with COPD is affected in these patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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10. Androgen Deprivation Freezes Hormone-Sensitive Prostate Cancer Cells in a Reversible, Genetically Unstable Quasi-Apoptotic State, Bursting into Full Apoptosis upon Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerase Inhibition

Author

Pelliccia, Andrea, primary, Capradossi, Francesco, additional, Corsi, Francesca, additional, Tarquini, Greta Deidda, additional, Bruni, Emanuele, additional, Reichle, Albrecht, additional, Torino, Francesco, additional, and Ghibelli, Lina, additional

Published
2023
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16. Medullary Thyroid Cancer with Ectopic Cushing's Syndrome: A Case Report and Systematic Review of Detailed Cases from the Literature

Author

Corsello, Andrea, primary, Ramunno, Vittoria, additional, Locantore, Pietro, additional, Pacini, Giovanni, additional, Rossi, Esther Diana, additional, Torino, Francesco, additional, Pontecorvi, Alfredo, additional, De Crea, Carmela, additional, Paragliola, Rosa Maria, additional, Raffaelli, Marco, additional, and Corsello, Salvatore Maria, additional

Published
2022
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23. Immune Response in Vitamin D Deficient Metastatic Colorectal Cancer Patients: A Player That Should Be Considered for Targeted Vitamin D Supplementation

Author

Morelli, Cristina, primary, Rofei, Michela, additional, Riondino, Silvia, additional, Fraboni, Daniela, additional, Torino, Francesco, additional, Orlandi, Augusto, additional, Tesauro, Manfredi, additional, Del Vecchio Blanco, Giovanna, additional, Federici, Massimo, additional, Arkenau, Hendrik-Tobias, additional, Formica, Vincenzo, additional, and Roselli, Mario, additional

Published
2022
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26. Unemployment Status Subsequent to Cancer Diagnosis and Therapies: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Author

Chimienti, Martina, Morlino, Giustino, Ingravalle, Fabio, Vinci, Antonio, Colarusso, Emilio, De Santo, Carolina, Formosa, Valeria, Gentile, Lavinia, Lorusso, Grazia, Mosconi, Claudia, Scaramella, Martina, Rosca, Virginia, Veneziano, Elena, Torino, Francesco, Emberti Gialloreti, Leonardo, and Palombi, Leonardo

Subjects
TUMOR diagnosis, TUMOR treatment, RELATIVE medical risk, ONLINE information services, UNEMPLOYMENT, META-analysis, CONFIDENCE intervals, SYSTEMATIC reviews, REGRESSION analysis, CANCER patients, BRAIN tumors, COLORECTAL cancer, EMPLOYMENT, DESCRIPTIVE statistics, MEDLINE
Abstract

Simple Summary: In the future, numbers of cancer survivors will increase due to early detection and new therapies, but it is important to consider the long-term consequences of disease and treatment. The purpose of this study is to assess the impact of cancer and treatment on the employment status of cancer survivors. Implementing a strict selection of articles to be analyzed, in order to mitigate the interference of publication and selection bias on the final results, we highlighted how cancer, treatments, and related disabilities are risk factors for unemployment. We believe that the negative influence of cancer on people's lives, including in terms of employment status with consequential fallout for morbidity and mortality, needs to be addressed by promoting health and social welfare support programs from diagnosis to follow-up, substantiating patient involvement in treatment choices. The purpose of our study is to examine whether cancer and treatments are associated with job loss or changes in employment status. Eight prospective studies were included in the systematic review and meta-analysis, with a population aged 18–65 years, analyzing treatment regimen and psychophysical and social status in post-cancer follow-up of at least 2 years. In the meta-analysis, a comparison was made between recovered unemployed cases and cases from a standard reference population. Results are summarized graphically using a forest plot. We showed that cancer and subsequent treatment are risk factors for unemployment with an overall relative risk of 7.24 (lnRR: 1.98, 95% CI: 1.32–2.63) or for change in employment status. Individuals undergoing chemotherapy and/or radiation treatment and those with brain and colorectal cancers are more likely to develop disabilities that negatively affect the risk of unemployment. Finally, variables such as low level education, female sex, older age, and being overweight before starting therapy are associated with higher risk of unemployment. In the future, it will be necessary for people with cancer to have access to specific health, social welfare, and employment support programs. In addition, it is desirable that they become more involved in their choice of therapeutic treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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27. Metabolic Reprogramming of Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer Cells as a Response to Chemotherapy.

Author

Petrella, Greta, Corsi, Francesca, Ciufolini, Giorgia, Germini, Sveva, Capradossi, Francesco, Pelliccia, Andrea, Torino, Francesco, Ghibelli, Lina, and Cicero, Daniel Oscar

Subjects
CASTRATION-resistant prostate cancer, NUCLEAR magnetic resonance spectroscopy, ANDROGEN receptors, CANCER cells, ENERGY metabolism, CELL metabolism, CANCER chemotherapy
Abstract

Prostate cancer at the castration-resistant stage (CRPC) is a leading cause of death among men due to resistance to anticancer treatments, including chemotherapy. We set up an in vitro model of therapy-induced cancer repopulation and acquired cell resistance (CRAC) on etoposide-treated CRPC PC3 cells, witnessing therapy-induced epithelial-to-mesenchymal-transition (EMT) and chemoresistance among repopulating cells. Here, we explore the metabolic changes leading to chemo-induced CRAC, measuring the exchange rates cell/culture medium of 36 metabolites via Nuclear Magnetic Resonance spectroscopy. We studied the evolution of PC3 metabolism throughout recovery from etoposide, encompassing the degenerative, quiescent, and repopulating phases. We found that glycolysis is immediately shut off by etoposide, gradually recovering together with induction of EMT and repopulation. Instead, OXPHOS, already high in untreated PC3, is boosted by etoposide to decline afterward, though stably maintaining values higher than control. Notably, high levels of EMT, crucial in the acquisition of chemoresistance, coincide with a strong acceleration of metabolism, especially in the exchange of principal nutrients and their end products. These results provide novel information on the energy metabolism of cancer cells repopulating from cytotoxic drug treatment, paving the way for uncovering metabolic vulnerabilities to be possibly pharmacologically targeted and providing novel clinical options for CRPC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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35. Self-care behaviours in older adults treated with oral anticancer agents: A qualitative descriptive study

Author

Di Nitto, Marco, Sollazzo, Fabio, Biagioli, Valentina, Torino, Francesco, Alvaro, Rosaria, Vellone, Ercole, Durante, Angela, 0000-0001-8951-622X, 0000-0002-8713-2051, 0000-0003-4673-7473, and 0000-0003-1034-5988

Subjects
Aged, 80 and over, Male, Aging, Oncology (nursing), Adverse effects, Oral anticancer agents, Antineoplastic Agents, General Medicine, Settore MED/06, Oncology nursing, Medication Adherence, Self Care, Settore MED/45, Qualitative research, Neoplasms, Self-management, 80 and over, Humans, Self-care, Qualitative Research, Aged
Abstract

Older adults treated with oral anticancer agents may have several needs related to managing their treatment at home. Moreover, the experiences of older adults engaging in self-care have been poorly investigated. This study aimed to explore and describe self-care behaviours in older adults treated with oral anticancer agents.This is a qualitative study using content analysis with both a deductive and an inductive approach. Guided by the Middle-Range Theory of Self-Care of Chronic Illness, we explored the three theoretical dimensions of self-care maintenance (i.e., behaviours to maintain illness stability), self-care monitoring (i.e., behaviours to monitor signs and symptoms) and self-care management (i.e., responses to signs and symptoms). Patients over 70 years of age who were treated with oral anticancer agents for at least 3 months were interviewed.We enrolled 22 participants (13 males), age range: 70-87 years. Nine categories emerged within the three identified dimensions-self-care maintenance: medication adherence, dietary adaptations and physical activity; self-care monitoring: general health status, cancer monitoring, sign and symptom recognition and attending visits; and self-care management: oral anticancer agent side effects management and illness management.Self-care is a growing area in cancer research. However, it is poorly understood among older patients taking oral anticancer agents. Oncology nurses can play a pivotal role in evaluating and supporting self-care behaviours, educating patients to effectively implement correct self-care behaviours and ensuring positive outcomes for these patients. Further research is needed to establish appropriate interventions to improve self-care in older patients taking oral anticancer agents.

Published
2021

37. Urine LOX-1 and Volatilome as Promising Tools towards the Early Detection of Renal Cancer

Author

Murdocca, Michela, primary, Torino, Francesco, additional, Pucci, Sabina, additional, Costantini, Manuela, additional, Capuano, Rosamaria, additional, Greggi, Chiara, additional, Polidoro, Chiara, additional, Somma, Giuseppina, additional, Pasqualetti, Valentina, additional, Ketchanji Mougang, Yolande, additional, Catini, Alexandro, additional, Simone, Giuseppe, additional, Paolesse, Roberto, additional, Orlandi, Augusto, additional, Mauriello, Alessandro, additional, Roselli, Mario, additional, Magrini, Andrea, additional, Novelli, Giuseppe, additional, Di Natale, Corrado, additional, and Sangiuolo, Federica Carla, additional

Published
2021
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38. Urine LOX-1 and Volatilome as Promising Tools towards Early Detection of Renal Cancer

Author

Murdocca, Michela, primary, Torino, Francesco, additional, Pucci, Sabina, additional, Costantini, Manuela, additional, Capuano, Rosamaria, additional, Greggi, Chiara, additional, Polidoro, Chiara, additional, Somma, Giuseppina, additional, Pasqualetti, Valentina, additional, Ketchanji Mougang, Yolande, additional, Catini, Alexandro, additional, Simone, Giuseppe, additional, Paolesse, Roberto, additional, Orlandi, Augusto, additional, Mauriello, Alessandro, additional, Roselli, Mario, additional, Magrini, Andrea, additional, Novelli, Giuseppe, additional, Natale, Corrado Di, additional, and Sangiuolo, Federica Carla, additional

Published
2021
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40. Randomized Phase II Trial of weekly paclitaxel alone versus trastuzumab plus weekly paclitaxel as first-line therapy of patients with Her-2 positive advanced breast cancer

Author

Gasparini, Giampietro, Gion, Massimo, Mariani, Luigi, Papaldo, Paola, Crivellari, Diana, Filippelli, Gianfranco, Morabito, Alessandro, Silingardi, Vittorio, Torino, Francesco, Spada, Antonella, Zancan, Matelda, De Sio, Livia, Caputo, Antonio, Cognetti, Francesco, Lambiase, Antonio, and Amadori, Dino

Published
2007
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50. Insulin Resistance as a Risk Factor for Cutaneous Melanoma. A Case Control Study and Risk-Assessment Nomograms

Author

Scoppola, Alessandro, primary, Strigari, Lidia, additional, Barnabei, Agnese, additional, Petasecca, Pierpaolo, additional, De Galitiis, Federica, additional, Fulgenzi, Claudia Angela Maria, additional, Roselli, Mario, additional, De Lorenzo, Antonino, additional, Di Renzo, Laura, additional, Marchetti, Paolo, additional, and Torino, Francesco, additional

Published
2019
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