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Fariborz Ghaffarpasand,1 Saeed Torabi,2 Ali Rasti,3 Mohammad Hadi Niakan,4 Sara Aghabaklou,5 Fatemeh Pakzad,6 Maryam Sadat Beheshtian,7 Reza Tabrizi8 1Research Center for Neuromodulation and Pain, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; 2Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany; 3Poostchi Ophthalmology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; 4Trauma Research Center, Rajaei Trauma Hospital, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; 5Department of Neurosurgery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; 6Department of Anesthesiology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; 7Department of Neurosurgery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; 8Health Policy Research Center, Institute of Health, Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran Background: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) remains a main public health problem being associated with high mortality and morbidity. The functional outcome of TBI remains unfavorable despite several surgical and medical therapies. Cerebrolysin is a neuropeptide with potential neuroregenerative entities. Objective: The aim of the current systematic review and meta-analysis was to investigate the effects of cerebrolysin on functional outcome in patients with moderate and severe TBI. Data sources: Online databases used included Medline, Scopus, EMBASE, Google Scholar, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library. Study eligibility criteria: All the relevant studies with randomized clinical trial and cohort design evaluating the effects of intravenous cerebrolysin vs placebo on functional outcome of patients with TBI within the English literature up to October 2018 were included. Study appraisal and synthesis methods: The articles were reviewed by two independent authors and the data were extracted to a data sheet. I2 and Cochran’s Q-statistics were used to assess heterogeneity. Based on the presence of significant heterogeneity across included studies, data were pooled using random-effects model with Dersimonian–Laird method and presented as standardized mean differences (SMDs) and corresponding 95% CI. Results: Five articles (5,685 participants) were included in the current meta-analysis. The overall pooled findings using random-effects models among patients with TBI indicated that intravenous administration of cerebrolysin significantly increased Glasgow Outcome Scale score (SMD =0.30; 95% CI: 0.18 to 0.42; P

This paper proposes a three-phase robust approach to the problem of designing a supply chain in an e-tailing environment considering the resilience strategies such as fortification, backup suppliers, and transshipment. First, the scores of potential suppliers are obtained using several resilience criteria. Then, a scenario-based stochastic network design model is proposed which considers operational (demand and transfer cost) and disruption (a natural disaster) risks. Finally, an order transfer problem is solved. The results prove the effectiveness of the framework for a case study. A preferred Pareto optimal solution of the robust optimization model is selected such that its cost is only 0.15% worse than its neighbour while its score of suppliers is 2.46% greater than the mentioned point. In addition, the results of the sensitivity analysis show that although the suppliers with higher scores costs more, they have a smaller cost range. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]