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Copyright of Journal of Psychiatry & Clinical Psychology / Psychiatria i Psychologia Kliniczna is the property of Medical Communications Sp. z o.o. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article examines the relationships between personality traits and identity formation modes in both a theoretical and empirical manner. The sample consisted of 813 participants aged 18–65. The results indicate that personality metatraits Alpha and Beta can serve as core underpinnings of differentiation in identity formation, and that the relationships between these two personality metatraits and identity formation modes take a sinusoidal form, which is consistent with the circular organization of the Circumplex of Identity Formation Modes. The indicator of General Factor of Personality was the strongest connected to the circumplex dimension reflecting identity stability. At the Big Five traits level, two personality traits, Conscientiousness and Openness to Experience, were most strongly related to identity formation, while Emotional Stability predicted modes strongly but in a non-sinusoidal way. Thus, Conscientiousness and Openness to Experience can be seen as two basic underpinnings of identity formation, just as Agreeableness and Extraversion are responsible for interpersonal behavior in the Wiggins model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We propose a model of basic self-regulatory mechanisms that integrates descriptive-structural and dynamic-explanatory approaches to personality. Using a structural way of thinking and based on a structural model of personality (the Circumplex of Personality Metatraits), we deduced two orthogonal (distinct) but interactive mechanisms: (a) Impulse Control responsible for controlling automatically activated impulses, urges, and affective reactions and (b) Self-Motivation responsible for regulating intentions in goal-oriented behaviors. Their operation depends on both situational and dispositional factors and optimal functioning of both mechanisms is needed for effective regulation of behavior. People can also be characterized by relatively stable levels of Impulse Control and Self-Motivation as dispositions, which depend on temperamental predispositions but can develop incoherently with them due to the impact of environmental factors. Combinations of Impulse Control and Self-Motivation as dispositions result in personality types, which differ in their adaptiveness. Importantly, Impulse Control and Self-Motivation mechanisms reveal substantial similarities to other self-regulatory constructs described in the literature, particularly those included in Block and Block's as well as Kuhl's theories. The contribution of our paper may serve as an example of how to apply the descriptive-structural approach to develop a dynamic-explanatory model of personality., (© 2022 Wiley Periodicals LLC.)