Search

The long-term purpose of this community service is to support the autonomy of the university through independent income generation and to encourage the development of a culture of utilizing university research results for the community through the mobile veterinary clinic business carried out by Prof. Noerjanto Teaching Veterinary Hospital. To achieve above objectives, it was necessary to modify the existing clinic vehicle to include an operating room, mini-laboratory and pharmacy. The implementation of activities was carried out for five working days a week, by actively visiting smallholder livestock centers per village per day in the Aceh Besar areas. Services provided included livestock health consultation, treatment, vaccination (an effective measure as a form of protection for animals, synchronization of heat and artificial insemination, and assistance during birth. The diagnosis methods utilize the latest techniques, namely diagnosis and therapy techniques used in the field of veterinary medicine, which were the results of previous research. Mobile Clinic of Prof. Noerjanto's Teaching Veterinary Hospital had been modified by providing an operating table, mini laboratory, pharmacy, and repainting the car, thus increased the attractiveness of the community during the activities were carried out. Mass treatment of livestock in Aceh Besar district had reached the target which services covered five sub-districts. In conclusion, the mobile veterinary clinic in 2017 has successfully modified the clinic car and provided health services in 5 sub-districts in Aceh Besar District.

The semen quality of Gembrong goats is lower than other goats and may be related to the low concentration of testosterone hormone. Implementation of reproductive technology using prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α) hormone is beneficial to increase the testosterone hormone in Gembrong goats. This study aimed to determine the effect of PGF2α injection on increasing testosterone levels in Gembrong goats. Male Gembrong goats (n=4), aged 2.5-4 years with similar body condition scores (BCS=3) were used in this study. Goats were divided into two treatment groups (n=2). Goats in group 1 (G1) were injected intramuscularly with 1 ml PGF2α (75 μg), while those in group 2 (G2) were injected with 1 ml physiological NaCl. Semen collection was carried out 30 minutes after treatment using an artificial vagina. Testosterone levels were measured using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The collected data was tabulated and analyzed descriptively. The results showed that the average testosterone concentration of G1 was higher than G2 with respective concentrations of 6.41 ± 0.70 and 2.81 ± 1.75 ng/ml. It was concluded that administration of PGF2α in vivo could increase testosterone concentration in Gembrong goats.

This research aimed to determine the accuracy of the progesterone test kit for milk and blood as means of early pregnancy diagnosis in Ettawa cross goats (PE). Five lactating PE goats were used in this study and were synchronized with PGF2α intramuscularly. The result is that all goats showed a sigh of estrus. Four goats were mated naturally, while one other was not mated. The determination of day-0 was when the females were standing heat. Early pregnancy diagnosis using dairy cow test strips performed 18-22 days after mating or post-estrus. The accuracy of the diagnosis was confirmed by ultrasound examination on day 35 after mating/post estrus. Diagnosis using the milk progesterone kit showed negative results for five days of examination in all goats, whereas using the blood progesterone kit showed positive results in four goats. When confirmed, using ultrasound showed one goat was diagnosed as not pregnant, and four other goats were diagnosed pregnant. It can be concluded that the use of progesterone dairy cow pregnancy test strip kits is effectively used to diagnose early pregnancy in PE goats with high accuracy in blood samples (100%) and low accuracy in milk samples (20%).

ABSTRACT. Bunting semu pada kelinci dapat terjadi karena adanya induksi secara hormonal dan stimulasi fisik yang dapat menyebabkan perubahan pada morfologi saluran reproduksi. Salah satu metode induksi bunting semu adalah melalui injeksi GnRH. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi perubahan terhadap anatomi dan histologi saluran reproduksi pada kelinci lokal bunting semu yang diinduksi dengan penyuntikan GnRH. Dalam penelitian ini digunakan sembilan ekor kelinci betina lokal, berumur 1-2 tahun dengan bobot badan 1,8-2,2 kg. Kelinci yang dibagi ke dalam tiga kelompok perlakuan (n=3) yakni K1, K2, dan K3. Kelompok K1 (kontrol negatif), diinjeksi dengan 0,1 ml NaCl fisiologis tanpa perkawinan; K2 (kontrol positif), kelinci diinduksi dengan 100 IU PMSG, tiga hari kemudian dikawinkan dan diinjeksi 75 IU hCG; dan K3, kelinci diinduksi dengan penyuntikan 5 µg GnRH secara intravena. Pada hari ke-8 setelah perlakuan seluruh kelinci disembelih lalu saluran reproduksi diambil untuk pengamatan morfologi dan morfometri oviduk, kornua uteri, serviks uteri dan vagina lalu diproses secara histoteknik dan diwarnai dengan pewarnaan hematoksilin dan eosin untuk pengamatan histologi dan histomorfometri. Panjang oviduk, kornua, dan vagina kelinci memperlihatkan perbedaan yang nyata (P0,05) antar K1 dan K2 dengan K3. Ketebalan lapisan muskularis ampula, lamina propia isthmus, lamina muskularis isthmus, tunika serosa isthmus memperlihatkan perbedaan yang nyata (P0,05) antara K1 dan K2 dengan K3. Tebal lapisan endometrium kornua uterus K2 berbeda sangat nyata (P0,05) dengan K3, namun tidak berbeda nyata (P0,05) dibandingkan K1. Lapisan serosa serviks uteri K1 dan K2 berbeda sangat nyata (P0,05) dengan K3. Histomorfometri vagina kelinci menunjukkan perbedaan yang nyata (P0,05). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa induksi GnRH tidak menyebabkan perubahan morfologi dan morfometri saluran reproduksi kelinci lokal pada hari ke-8 setelah induksi. (Morphology and morphometry changes of reproductive tract in the pseudo pregnant does using GnRH) ABSTRAK. Pseudopregnancy in rabbits can occur due to hormonal induction and physical stimulation that can cause changes in the morphology of the reproductive tract. One method of hormonal induction is GnRH injection. This study aimed to determine the anatomical and histological changes of the reproductive tract in pseudo pregnant local rabbits induced by injection of GnRH. In this study, nine local female rabbits, aged 1-2 years with a body weight of 1.8-2.2 kg, were divided into three treatment groups (n=3), namely, K1 (negative control): injected with 0.1 ml of physiological NaCl without mating, K2 (positive control): injected with 100 IU PMSG and then mated with male rabbits after three days of injection and followed by injection of 75 IU Hcg; K3 injection 5µg of GnRH intravena route. On the day-8 after treatment, all rabbits were slaughtered and the reproductive tract was collected for morphological and morphometric observation of the oviduct, uterine horn, uterine cervix, and vagina, and then processed histotechnically and stained with hematoxylin and eosin for histological and histomorphometric observation. The length of oviduct, uterine horn and vagina showed significant different (P0.05) between K1 and K2 with K3. The thickness of the lamina muscularis of ampulla, lamina propia of isthmus, lamina muscularis of isthmus, tunica serous of isthmus showed significant different (P0.05) between K1 and K2 with K3.The thickness of the endometrium of uterine horn was significant different (P0.05) between K2 and K3, but not significantly different (P0.05) with K1. The thickness of tunica serous of servical uterine K1 and K2 was significant different (P0.05) with K3. Vaginal histomorphometry of rabbits was not significantly different (P0.05). It can be concluded that the induction of GnRH did not changes the morphology and histology of the reproductive tract in the local rabbits on the day-8 after treatment.

Background and Aim: The increase in the levels of the cortisol hormone caused by the stress conditions generated by an ovary transplantation procedure can damage the uterus of the transplant recipient as well as the transplanted ovaries. This study aimed to analyze the histopathological changes that occur in the uterine horn of pseudopregnant local rabbits (recipients), as well as the ovarian follicular integrity of the donor Aceh cattle after transplantation. Materials and Methods: After 30 days of adaptation, all rabbits were divided into three treatment groups: R1 (the group of rabbits that underwent ovarian transplantation for 3 days, n = 5), R2 (the group of rabbits that underwent ovarian transplantation for 5 days, n = 5), and R3 (the group of rabbits that underwent ovarian transplantation for 7 days, n = 5). Pseudopregnancy induction was performed using the pregnant mare's serum gonadotropin (PMSG) and human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) methods. The rabbits were injected with 100 IU of PMSG intramuscularly, followed by an injection of 75 IU of hCG intravenously 3 days later. Ovarian transplantation was performed on day 8 (day 0 was the day of hCG injection). The concentration of cortisol hormone metabolites was measured from fecal samples using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay technique. The uterus and ovaries were collected for histopathological and follicular dynamics examination after the transplantation process was completed. Results: The mean cortisol levels (ng/g) recorded before versus after the transplant in the R1, R2, and R3 groups were 146.23 ± 17.60 versus 338.84 ± 302.79, 128.97 ± 81.56 versus 174.79 ± 101.70, and 124.88 ± 43.61 versus 321.91 ± 221.63 (p < 0.05), respectively. The examination of the histopathological appearance of the uterus revealed edema in the uterine lumen, hyperemia and hemorrhage in the endometrium, necrosis of the epithelium, and infiltration of inflammatory cells. Hemorrhage and hyperemia were severe and filled the endometrium in the R1 compared with the R2 and R3 animals. Ovarian follicle development occurred in all treatment groups, although some histopathological features were observed. The number of tertiary follicles in R1, R2, and R3 animals was 24.67 ± 7.37, 20.67 ± 7.57, and 9.67 ± 3.79 (p < 0.05), respectively. Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, it can be concluded that the transplantation of ovaries from Aceh cattle into pseudopregnant local rabbits triggered an increase in the levels of the cortisol hormone and uterine histological changes; however, follicles were still detected at various stages of development in the transplanted Aceh cattle ovaries. The results of this study are valuable for clinicians and researchers because they provide information regarding an alternative in vivo ovarian preservation technique using pseudopregnant rabbits.

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh pemberian gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) terhadap peningkatan kualitas spermatozoa sapi bali. Penelitian ini menggunakan dua ekor sapi bali berumur 2 dan 4 tahun dengan rancangan pola bujursangkar latin 2 perlakuan dan 2 periode perlakuan. Perlakuan yang dilakukan adalah P1 (NaCl fisiologis) dan P2 (GnRH 100 µg) dengan interval periode waktu perlakuan adalah satu minggu. Sampel semen dikoleksi menggunakan vagina buatan tiga hari setelah perlakuan. Data hasil pemeriksaan kualitas spermatozoa sapi bali dianalisis dengan uji Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test. Berdasarkan uji statistik menunjukkan bahwa pemberian GnRH 100 µg tidak berpengaruh nyata (P>0,05) terhadap pemeriksaan warna, pH, konsistensi, volume, konsentrasi dan motilitas spermatozoa sapi bali. Hasil pemeriksaan menunjukkan bahwa warna semen pada kedua perlakuan adalah krem dan putih susu. Derajat keasaman (pH); konsistensi; volume semen (ml); konsentrasi (10⁶/ml); dan motilitas spermatozoa (%) sapi bali pada P1 vs P2 adalah 7,0±0,0 vs 7,0±0,0; 2,5±0,71 vs 3,0±0,0; 4,5±2,8 vs 4,8±2,8; 925±106,07 vs 1210±155,56; dan 69,0±1,41 vs 71,5±0,71 (P>0,05). Disimpulkan bahwa pemberian GnRH 100 µg tidak memengaruhi kualitas spermatozoa sapi bali.

Back leg paresis is muscle weakness that can cause the inability to walk or support the back of the body. A domestic cat, female, black tabby hair colour with a bodyweight of 2.9 kg has weakness in both hind legs so it cannot lift the back of the body properly but there is still a reflex when pressing using tweezers sirurgis on the gluteus muscle tendon. The flexor reflexes on the digits are still present but slightly. From the physical examination, it was concluded that there was a disturbance in the segment IV spinal cord, precisely at L7-S1. Cats also experience problems with defecation, namely the patient's stool is watery inconsistency. The results of the X-Ray examination showed that the segments of the os. lumbar, os. femur, os. tibia, os. fibula, os. metatarsal to digit there are no fractures and also the visceral organs do not experience changes and abnormalities. However, there is a bias picture, namely compression on the 7th segment (S4-L5, L6 and L7). The diagnosis was that the cat had disorders of the spinal cord segments IV (L4-S2) and V, to be precise, from L7 to S2. Electroacupuncture therapy at points BL-18, BL-19, SP-6, ST-36 and LIV-3 was carried out for three weeks, namely twice in the first week and once in the second and third weeks. Oral drug therapy in the form of Neurobion® tablets is taken orally during therapy.

The presence of glycoconjugates in caput, corpus, and cauda epididymis of the Javan muntjacs was performed using lectin histochemical method. The epididymis organs were obtained from two adult male Javan muntjacs in hard antler stage and then immediately fixed in Bouin’s solution and processed in histological manner. Six types of biotinylated lectins namely Peanut agglutinin (PNA), Soybean agglutinin (SBA), Wheat germ agglutinin (WGA), Ricinus communis agglutinin (RCA), Concanavalin A (Con A), and Ulex europaeus agglutinin I (UEA I) were applied to detect the specific glycoconjugates in the epididymal tissue of muntjacs. The result showed the presence of glycoconjugates were detected by five types of lectins except UEA I in caput, corpus, and cauda epididymis with specific distribution and also the intensity of lectins binding. Glycoconjugates β-galactose, β-glucose, mannose, N-acetyl-galactosamine, N-acetyl-glucosamine, and sialic acid were stained with various intensity in epithelial cells, basal cells, stereocilia, spermatozoa, and stroma of caput, corpus, and cauda epididymis. The presence of sialic acid on the surface of spermatozoa detected by WGA are thought to be play a role on sperm protection during their maturation and transit along epididymal lumen. In conclusion, the difference of glycoconjugates distribution pattern and lectin binding in the epididymal caput, corpus, and cauda of the Javan muntjac indicates the regional differences in epididymal function in spermatozoa maturation.

This study was conducted to describe the stages of seminiferous epithelium (SE), determine the relative frequency of the stages, and identify the steps of spermatid development during spermatogenesis in the testicular tissue of Aceh bull. Seven pairs of the testicular organs of Aceh bull (Bos indicus) were used and then processed in a histological manner for staining using haematoxylin and eosin (H&E) and periodic acid-Schiff-haematoxylin (PAS-H). The stages of seminiferous tubules were examined using a tubular morphology method while spermatid development was observed based on the acrosome formation during spermatid development. Eight stages (stages I to VIII) of SE were found in the testicular seminiferous tubules of Aceh bull. Furthermore, the percentage of the relative frequency of each stage was 25.48, 15.38, 12.92, 4.74, 14.97, 10.69, 10.74, and 5.08%, respectively, with the relative frequency of premeiotic, meiotic, and postmeiotic phases being 53.78, 4.74, and 41.48%, respectively. Spermatid development from round to elongated spermatids occurred in 14 steps. Steps 1 to 7 were observed in stage I, steps 8 and 9 in stage II, steps 10 and 11 in stage III, step 12 in stage IV, step 13 in stages V and VI, and step 14 in stages VII and VIII. These findings can be used as a basis for further studies, particularly in evaluating the abnormality of the cellular composition of the seminiferous tubule in each stage of spermatogenesis and also in determining daily sperm production in Aceh bull.

Interferon-tau (IFN-τ) is a pregnancy signal produced by embryonic trophoblast cells at the time of implantation in a mammal's endometrial wall, which is useful for conveying a message that the mammal can accept the presence of the foreign object (embryo). This study aims to determine the accuracy of early pregnancy diagnosis in Aceh cows by measuring the concentration of IFN-τ. This study involved eight cows aged 3-5 years, weighing 150-250 kg, clinically healthy, and having normal reproduction (have had calves and at least two regular cycles). All cows were estrous-synchronized twice using PGF2ɑ at a dose of 5 ml with 11 days intervals before artificial insemination (AI). Serum collection was performed on days 14, 15, 16, 17, 18 after AI. Based on ultrasound examination, out of eight cows, four (50%) cows were diagnosed as pregnant, and four (50%) cows were diagnosed as not pregnant. Mean (± SD) IFN-τ of pregnant vs. non-pregnant cows on day 14, 15, 16, 17, and 18 were 14.96±8.65 pg/ml vs. 6.14±5.54 pg/mL; 16.74±5.28 pg/mL vs. 4.44±3.51 pg/mL; 14.33±5.9 pg/mL vs. 5.78±5.20 pg/mL; 13.87±5.42 pg/mL vs. 4.38±3.76 pg/mL; and 13.93±6, 16 pg/mL vs. 3.24±2.63 pg/mL, respectively. The lowest IFN-τ concentration in cows that were successfully pregnant was 7.88±1.84 pg/mL. The best timing of IFN-τ for pregnancy diagnosis was on day 15 after AI, with an accuracy of 87.5%, specificity of 100%, and sensitivity of 80%.

ABSTRACT. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of lugol on the increasing the pregnancy rate in repeat breeding (RB) Aceh cows due to endometritis. This study used six endometritis’s cows, aged 5-7 years, weighed 150-250 kg which were divided into two groups (n=3), KI and KII. The cows in group 1 (K1) were injected with 5 ml PGF2α, while the cows in group 2 (KII) were treated with 50 ml of 2% lugol intra-uterine and continued with an injection of 5 ml PGF2α after healing. The detection of estrus was performed twice a day following by artificial insemination (AI) about 10-16 hours after the onset of estrus. Determination of pregnancy was performed by ultrasonography (USG) on the 25th day after AI. The data obtained were analyzed descriptively. The results showed that all endometritis ’cows in KI and KII present estrous signs (100%). However, only one cow was recovered in K2, whereas in K1 did not. After AI, one pregnant cow was observed in KII (33.3%), while none of the pregnant cows was found in K1 (0.0%). It is concluded that the lugol treatment for endometritis’s Aceh cows can improve the pregnancy rate. (Efektivitas larutan lugol untuk meningkatkan persentase kebuntingan pada sapi Aceh yang mengalami endometritis) ABSTRAK. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh pemberian larutan lugol terhadap peningkatan persentase kebuntingan sapi Aceh yang mengalami RB. Dalam penelitian ini digunakan enam ekor sapi Aceh betina dewasa, umur 5-7 tahun, bobot badan 150-250 kg, sudah pernah beranak, dan didiagnosis mengalami endometritis. Seluruh sapi dibagi menjadi dua kelompok (n=3). Pada kelompok 1 (K1), sapi endometritis diterapi dengan 50 ml lugol 2% secara intra uteri dan setelah sembuh dilanjutkan dengan penyuntikan 5 ml PGF2α. Sapi pada kelompok 2 (K2) hanya diinjeksi dengan 5 ml PGF2α. Deteksi berahi dilakukan sebanyak dua kali per hari dan inseminasi buatan (IB) dilakukan sekitar 10-16 jam setelah awal berahi. Pemeriksaan kebuntingan dilakukan dengan ultrasonografi (USG) pada hari ke-25 setelah IB. Data dianalisis secara deskriptif. Dari masing-masing kelompok, hanya satu ekor sapi pada K2 yang dinyatakan sembuh yaitu sapi pada kelompok kedua. Persentase sapi yang menjadi estrus pada kedua kelompok masing-masing adalah 100%. Dari tiga ekor sapi yang diinseminasi pada masing-masing kelompok, hanya satu ekor sapi pada K2 (33,3%) yang menunjukkan hasil positif bunting sedangkan pada K1 tidak terdapat sapi yang menunjukkan hasil positif (0,0%). Disimpulkan bahwa pemberian larutan lugol pada sapi Aceh yang mengalami endometritis dapat meningkatkan persentase kebuntingan sapi Aceh.

The objective of this activity was to introduce the use of Lugol's solution to farmers in Cot Madhi Village as an alternative solution to overcome the repeat breeding case in cows. This activity has involved 10 farmers who have cows suspected of experiencing repeat breeding in the village according to the information from the local inseminator. The implementation of this activity was carried out by two methods, namely (1) education and counseling methods and (2) demonstration and field training methods. From these community service activities that have been carried out, farmers have realized the importance of handling reproductive cases to increase livestock productivity. In addition, participants also understood how to obtain Lugol's solution in the market, did dilution according to the recommended dose, and understood the technical treatment of repeat breeding in cows using Lugol's solution. In conclusion, participants have understood the technical treatment with Lugol's solution.

This study aims to determine the effect of PGF2α injection on the post-thaw motility (PTM) in sperm of Nubian goats. Three male Nubian goats (3-4 years) with good reproductive ability were used. This study used a 3 x 3 Latin square design. The experimental animals received a physiological NaCl injection as a control (P1); 37.5 mg of PGF2α (P2), and 75 mg of PGF2α (P3). Semen was collected using an artificial vagina with one-week storage intervals between treatments. The collected semen was then diluted and frozen using a simple freezing method. Observation of semen quality before freezing included macroscopic and microscopic examinations. Macroscopic examination consisted of volume, pH, color, odor, and consistency, while microscopic examination consisted of motility, concentration, viability, and abnormality. PTM examination was done by mixing a drop of sperm suspension and one drop of physiological NaCl on an object glass and covered prior to observation under microscope.. The results were analyzed using a Latin square pattern variant analysis, followed by Duncan's test. The PTM values of sperm (%) of Nubian goats in P1, P2, and P3 respectively are 28.71±10.24, 50.03±13.70, and 54.84±12.04 (P

The aim of this study was to observe the uterine involution of Etawa crossbreed (PE) goat using transcutaneous ultrasonography (USG). This study used four postpartum female goats that released placenta normally. The goats were examined on lateral recumbence position. Uterine involution was observed daily. The study began from the first day of postpartum period until there were no more reduction of uterine horns lumen diameter. From the 1st to 7th day of postpartum period, ultrasound imaging of the uterine wall showed caruncle which was hypoechoic, lumen of uterine filled with lochia (the image was hypoechoic to anechoic) and a clearly visible uterine horns lumen which had decreased in diameter from 105.9 ± 0.9 mm to 87.2 ± 4.6 mm. From the 8th day to the 14th day, lumen diameter had decreased from 80.4 ± 3.8 mm to 63.6 ± 3.2 mm. The presence of caruncle was reduced and the amount of lochia was decreased (anechoic). From the 15th day to the 21st day, lumen diameter had decreased from 61.4 ± 2.1 mm to 52.1 ± 2.7 mm, and the remnants of caruncle and lochia were still visible. From the 22nd day to the 26th day, the diameter of the uterine wall had decreased from 49.7 ± 0.6 mm to 41.5 ± 6.7 mm, and the lochia and caruncle were no longer visible. From the 26th to the 30th day, uterine horns lumen diameter had still decreased from 41.5 ± 6.7 mm to 31.7 ± 0.9 mm. Uterine horns lumen diameter size had decreased every day, stabilized on the 30th day, and ceased to decrease on the 31st day, where the diameter size was the same as on the 30th day postpartum (31.7 ± 0.9 mm). It can be concluded that the duration of uterine involution in PE goats, which had normal delivery is 30-31 days.

Aim: This study aimed at determining the profiles of progesterone and bovine interferon-τ (bIFN-τ) and the correlation between the two in repeat breeding (RB) Aceh cattle and non-RB Aceh cattle. Materials and Methods: The study was performed on five RB and five non-RB Aceh cows. These cows were subjected to estrous synchronization using the prostaglandin F2 alpha hormone, which was followed by artificial insemination (AI). Serum samples were collected on days 5, 6, 7, 15, 16, and 17 after AI to measure the concentration of progesterone at the beginning and end of the luteal phase and from days 14 to 18 after AI to measure the concentration of bIFN-τ. The concentrations of progesterone and bIFN-τ were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Pregnancy examinations were performed by ultrasonography on days 25, 35, 45, and 55 after AI. Data for progesterone and bIFN-τ concentrations were analyzed using the Mann–Whitney and t-tests, and the correlation between progesterone and bIFN-τ was analyzed using the Spearman correlation test. Results: The average concentration of progesterone in RB Aceh cows tended to be lower than non-RB Aceh cows, but it was not significantly different (p>0.05). Similar results also found in the concentration of bIFN-τ which RB Aceh cows tended to have lower bIFN-τ concentrations compared to non-RB Aceh cows, but it was also not significantly different (p>0.05). Moreover, the concentrations of progesterone and bIFN-τ in RB and non-RB Aceh cows did not show a significant correlation (p>0.05). These results of the ultrasonography showed that non-RB Aceh cows were pregnant from day 25 to day 55 after AI, whereas RB Aceh cows were not pregnant and had early embryonic death. Conclusion: The concentrations of progesterone and bIFN-τ in non-RB Aceh cows tended to be higher than those in RB Aceh cows, although, it was not significantly different. Non-RB Aceh cows were able to maintain pregnancy until day 55, whereas RB Aceh cows were diagnosed with early embryonic death before day 25 after AI.

The purpose of this study was to determine the macro minerals concentration in serum of repeat breeding (RB) Aceh cattle. In this study 16 Aceh cattle were examined; they consisted of 7 fertile Aceh cattle (P1) and 9 Aceh cattle with RB (P2), all of which were 3-8 years old with a body condition score (BCS) of 3-4. Serum collection was carried out for examining the level of serum minerals, including magnesium, phosphorus, sodium, potassium, chloride, and calcium. Data was analysed using T-test. The levels of magnesium, phosphorus, sodium, potassium, chloride, and calcium in P1 vs P2 were 2.18±0.60 vs. 2.20±0.34 mg/dL; 6.18±1.34 vs. 6.48±0.74 mg/dL; 142.71±5.09 vs. 142.44±2.29 mmol/L; 4.81±0.76 vs. 4.76±0.51 mmol/L; 104.57±4.35 vs. 107.67±7.36 mmol/L; and 9.07±0.45 vs. 9.90 ± 0.60 mg/dL (P0.05), respectively. It was concluded that the concentration of serum macro minerals do not affect the incidence of RB in Aceh cattle.

Background: Anemia during pregnancy is a health problem that often occurs in developing countries. Local wisdom-based counseling is considered a new approach in preventing iron deficiency anemia among pregnant women by integrating cultural beliefs into antenatal counseling. Objective: The study aims to measure the effectiveness of local wisdom-based counseling model among pregnant women to prevent iron deficiency anemia. Methods: This paper outlines the protocol of a randomized controlled trial method. Two intervention programs will be developed, the local wisdom-based program and health-based counseling intervention program, and will be tested among 150 pregnant women from nine public health centers in one district of Aceh Province. Sample selection will be completed through a simple random selection process. The effectiveness of the interventions will be assessed using a self-report questionnaire and a hemoglobin test. Data will be analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Discussion: The expected outcome in this study is a significant difference in hemoglobin levels between both intervention groups. It is also expected that there will be an increase in knowledge, attitude, and behavior in the group who will receive local wisdom-based counseling intervention than the other group who will receive health-based counseling intervention. A local wisdom-based counseling approach is expected to give an effective model to reduce the prevalence of iron deficiency anemia among pregnant women. The effectiveness of this model may suggest the further application in the other regions. Registration trial number: ACTRN12620000299909

ABSTRAK. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh pemberian PGF2α dalam pengencer semen komersial (Andromed) terhadap peningkatan motilitas spermatozoa kambing Nubian. Penelitian ini menggunakan sampel semen yang dikoleksi dari 3 ekor kambing Nubian berumur 2-3 tahun menggunakan vagina buatan dan dievaluasi kualitasnya secara makroskopis dan mikroskopis. Setelah dievaluasi, sampel semen ditambahkan pengencer Andromed lalu dibagi atas 3 kelompok perlakuan, yaitu: P1; P2; dan P3 yang masing-masing ditambahkan NaCl fisiologis; 37,5 µg PGF2α; dan 75 µg PGF2α. Seluruh sampel disimpan dalam refrigerator selama 4 jam dan dilakukan pemeriksaan motilitas spermatozoa. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan sidik ragam pola satu arah (ANOVA) dan dilanjutkan dengan uji Duncan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan, bahwa motilitas spermatozoa (%) kambing Nubian pada P1; P2; dan P3 masing-masing adalah 26,33±5,5; 62,0±3,5; dan61,8±10,13 (P0,05). Disimpulkan bahwa penambahan PGF2α pada pengencer Andromed dapat meningkatkan motilitas spermatozoa kambing Nubian. (The improvement of sperm motility in Nubian goat after PGF2α administration in andromed semen diluents) ABSTRACT. The study aims to determine the administration effect of PGF2α in a commercial semen diluents (Andromed) on improvement of Nubian goat sperm motility. This study used semen samples that collected from three Nubian goats aged 2-3 using artificial vagina and their quality evaluated macroscopically and microscopically. After evaluated, semen samples were added with Andromed diluents then divided into three groups (P1, P2, and P3) where each group was then added with 0,9% physiologic NaCl, 37.5 µg PGF2α, and 75 µg PGF2α, respectively and stored in a refrigerator for 4 hours and subsequently spermatozoa motility was examined. The data obtained were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and followed by Duncan test. The results showed that the spermatozoa motility (%) of Nubian goats at P1, P2, and P3 were 26.33±5.5, 62.0±3.5, and 61.8±10.13, respectively. Based on the statistical tests showed that the administration of PGF2α at P2 and P3 had a significant effect (P0,05) on the motility of spermatozoa of Nubian goats, but the motility decreased in P1. The conclusion of this study is the addition of PGF2α to Andromed diluents can increase the motility of spermatozoa of Nubian goats.

ABSTRAK. Progesteron merupakan hormon yang berperan penting dalam proses pemeliharaan kebuntingan dan dihasilkan oleh corpus luteum. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui hubungan antara kadar hormon progesteron pada fase awal luteal dengan kematian embrio pada sapi Aceh. Dalam penelitian ini digunakan empat ekor sapi betina dewasa berumur 3-5 tahun, bobot badan 150-250 kg, sehat secara klinis, dan memiliki reproduksi normal. Sapi disinkronisasi menggunakan 5 ml prostaglandin F2 alfa (PGF2α) dengan pola penyuntikan ganda berinterval 11 hari. Koleksi sampel darah untuk pengukuran konsentrasi progesteron dilakukan pada hari ke-5, 6, dan 7 pasca inseminasi. Pengukuran konsentrasi progesteron dilakukan menggunakan metode enzymelinked-immunoassay (ELISA), pemeriksaan kebuntingan dan kematian embrio menggunakan metode transrektal ultrasonografi pada hari ke-25 pasca inseminasi. Pemeriksaan diulang setiap 10 hari sampai hari ke-55 pasca inseminasi. Puncak sekresi progesteron pada sapi bunting dengan embrio yang bertahan hidup terdapat pada hari ke-7 (2,082 ng/ml), pada sapi Late Embryonic Mortality (LEM) di hari ke-5 (8,209 ng/ml) dan pada sapi tidak bunting di hari ke-7 (3,051±1,157 ng/ml). Sekresi progesteron sapi LEM pada hari ke-5 sampai dengan ke-7 cenderung menurun sedangkan pada sapi yang bertahan hidup cenderung meningkat. (Correlation between progesterone levels in early luteal phase and embryonic death in Aceh cattle) ABSTRACT. Progesterone is an important hormone that functions to maintain pregnancy and is produced by the corpus luteum. The aim of this study was to see a correlation between progesterone and the incidence of embryonic death in Aceh cattle. This study used four adult female cows, 3-5 years old, 150-250 kg body weight, clinically healthy, and have a normal reproduction. The synchronized with 5 ml prostaglandin F2 alfa hormone, and double injection pattern with 11-day intervals. The blood was collected for progesterone measurements on 5th, 6th, 7th day post artificial insemination. Measurement of progesterone concentration was carried out using an enzymelinked-immunoassay (ELISA), while pregnancy and embryo mortality was performed using the trans-rectal ultrasonography method on the 25th day after insemination. The examination was repeated every 10 days until day 55th after insemination. Progesterone secretion peaks in pregnant cows were on day 7th (2.082 ng/ml), in cattle Late Embryonic Mortality (LEM) on day 5th (8.209 ng/ml) and in cattle not pregnant on day 7th (3.051±1.157 ng/ml). The pattern of LEM progesterone secretion on days 5th to 7th tends to decrease while those that survive tend to increase.

ABSTRAK. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh pemberian hormon PGF2α sebelum koleksi terhadap peningkatan kualitas semen dan level testosteron sapi Aceh di UPT. Hewan Coba Universitas Syiah Kuala. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dari bulan Januari sampai dengan Maret 2019. Data hasil pemeriksaan kualitas semen dianalisis secara deskriptif. Dalam penelitian ini digunakan satu ekor sapi Aceh jantan sebagai kontrol dengan 2 perlakuan, yaitu P1 (tanpa pemberian PGF2α sebelum koleksi) dan P2 (pemberian PGF2α 30 menit sebelum koleksi) dengan dosis 25 mg tiap perlakuan. Setiap perlakuan dilakukan sebanyak lima kali dan dilakukan secara bergantian setiap minggunya. Rata-rata volume (ml); konsentrasi (106 sel/ml); motilitas (%), viabilitas (%); abnormalitas (%); dan level testosteron (ng/ml) pada P1 vs P2 masing-masing adalah 5,2±1,30 vs 5,2±0,97 (P0,05); 145,4±36,58 vs 172,8 ±46,27 (P0,05); 63,87±6,44 vs 75,05±0,08 (P0,05); 69,30±0,22 vs 75,05±0,08 (P0,05); 16,90±0,08 vs 10,46±0,09 (P0,05); dan 28,07±14,37 vs 24,19±6,11 (P0,05). Disimpulkan bahwa pemberian PGF2α 30 menit sebelum koleksi dapat meningkatkan kualitas spermatozoa tetapi tidak dapat meningkatkan konsentrasi testosteron. (Case study the effect of giving pgf2α before the collection of the quality of Aceh cattle semen) ABSTRACT. This study aims to determine the effect of giving PGF2α hormone before collection to improve the quality of Acehnese semen in UPT. Hewan Coba Syiah Kuala University. This research was conducted from January to March 2019. Data on semen quality examination were analyzed descriptively. In this study, one Aceh cattle was used as a control with 2 treatments, namely P1 (without administration of PGF2α before collection) and P2 (administration of PGF2α 30 minutes before collection) at a dose of 25 mg per treatment. Each treatment was carried out five times and carried out alternately every week. The results showed that the average volume of cement (ml) and pH P1 and P2 respectively 5.2 ± 1.30 and 5.2 ± 0.97, and 6.6±0.55 and 6.5 ± 0.50. While the average concentration of spermatozoa (106 cells / ml) in P1 and P2 were 145.4 ± 36.58 and 172.8 ± 46.27 respectively. The average percentage (%) of progressive spermatozoa motility, circularity, non motility, viability, and abnormalities in P1 and P2 respectively: 63.87 ± 6.44 and 73.63 ± 9.42, 11.34 ± 3, 70 and 9.0 ± 7.01, 24.79 ± 4.04 and 17.37 ± 4.44, 69.30 ± 0.22 and 75.05 ± 0.08, 16.90 ± 0.08 and 10.46 ± 0.09. It was concluded that administration of PGF2α 30 minutes before collection can increase the quality of spermatozoa but cannot increase the concentration of testosterone.

ABSTRAK. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh perbedaan PGF2α analog terhadap persentase berahi sapi di Labuhanbatu Selatan. Sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah data hasil UPSUS SIWAB tahun 2017. Dalam penelitian ini digunakan data 2.547 ekor sapi yang memiliki variasi breed dan umur, dengan skor kondisi tubuh baik. Sapi-sapi dikelompokkan menjadi tiga kelompok berdasarkan preparat sinkronisasi berahi yang digunakan. K1= kelompok sapi yang diinjeksi dengan 5 ml PGF2α-1 (dinoprost tromethamine 5 mg/ml dan benzil alkohol 1,65%) berjumlah 1.300 ekor. K2= kelompok sapi yang diinjeksi dengan 5 ml PGF2α-2 (dinoprost tromethamine 5,5 mg/ml dan benzil alkohol 12,0 mg/ml) berjumlah 600 ekor. K3= kelompok sapi yang diinjeksi dengan 2 ml PGF2α-3 (cloprostenol 75 mg/ml dan chlorocresol 1,0 mg/ml) berjumlah 647 ekor. Penyuntikan dilakukan secara intramuskulus, dua kali dengan interval 10 hari. Data yang diperoleh kemudian dianalisis menggunakan uji Kruskal Wallis dan dilanjutkan dengan uji Mann Withney. Hasil analisis menunjukkan persentase berahi pada kelompok 1; 2; dan 3 masing-masing 80,7%; 50% dan 61,8% (P0,01). Dari hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa PGF2α-1 mempunyai efektivitas lebih baik dibandingkan PGF2α-2 dan PGF2α-3 dalam induksi sinkronisasi berahi pada sapi di Kabupaten Labuhanbatu Selatan, Sumatera Utara. (Effectiveness of different commercial prostaglandin hormone administration on the percentage of estrous in cattles in South Labuhanbatu, North Sumatera) ABSTRACT. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of differences PGF2α analogues on the percentage of estrus in cattles in South Labuhanbatu. The sample used in this study was the 2017 SIWAB UPSUS data. Data of 2,547 cattles with various breed and age as well as in good body condition scores were selected. The cattles were grouped into three data groups based on the hormone used for estrus synchronization. The cattles in data group I (1300 cows) were injected with 5 ml PGF2α-1 (dinoprost tromethamine 5 mg/ml and benzyl alcohol 1.65%). The cattles in data group II (600 cows) were injected with 5 ml PGF2α-2 (5.5 mg/ml dinoprost tromethamine and 12.0 mg/ml benzyl alcohol). The cattles in data group III (647) were injected with 2 ml of PGF2α-3 (cloprostenol 75 µg/ml and chlorocresol 1.0 mg/ml). Injections were carried out intramuscularly, twice at 10-day intervals. The data obtained were then analyzed Kruskal Wallis and continued with Mann Withney test. The results showed that the percentage of estrus in groups I; II; and III were 80.7%; 50% and 61.8% (P0.01). From the results of the study it can be concluded that Lutalyse has better effectiveness than Capriglandin and Sincrovall in the induction of synchronization estrus in cattle in South Labuhanbatu, North Sumatera.

Vol. 14 No. 2, June 2020

Vol 14 No. 2, June 2020

This study aimed to determine the effect of prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α) administration on improving semen quality and testosterone levels on Bali cattle. This study used 3 Bali cattle aged 2, 3.5, and 5 years old. The sample used in this study was Bali cattle semen. In this study, the Latin Square Design was used with three different treatments were administered over three time periods. The treatments performed were P1 (5 mL physiological NaCl), P2 (25 mg prostaglandin), and P3 (37.5 mg prostaglandin) while treatment period was three weeks of treatment administration, which were 1st. 2nd, and 3rd week. Blood collected through coccygea vein 30 minutes after treatment to measure testosterone levels using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique. Statistical analysis showed that PGF2α administration at a dose of 25 mg and PGF2α at a dose of 37.5 mg had no effect (P0.05) on volume, color, pH, consistency, concentration, and motility of Bali cattle spermatozoa. The volume of semen obtained from P1; P2; and P3 were 6.5±0.9; 6.3±0.6; and 6.2±1.2 mL, respectively. The color of the semen in P1, P2, and P3 were beige and milky white. The pH in groups P1; P2; and P3 were 6.7±0.6; 7.1±0.2; and 6.5±0.2, respectively. Spermatozoa concentration in P1; P2; and P3 were 1,328±96.43 x 106 cells/mL; 1,354±102.19 x 106 cells/mL; and 1,353.3±88.55 x 106 cells/mL, respectively. Spermatozoa motility in P1; P2; and P3 were 73.3±2.8%; 71.6±2.8%; and 73.3±2.8%, respectively. Testosterone levels in P1 and P3 were 5.05±0.22 and 6.74±1.38 ng/mL, respectively (P0.05). Based on the results of this study, it was concluded that the administration of PGF2α does not affect semen quality but can increase the level of testosterone on Bali cattle.

Objective: This study aimed to observe the changes in anatomical pathology, histopathology, and histomorphometry of uterine horn in Aceh cattle with repeat breeding (RB). Materials and methods: In this study, five uterine horns were collected from fertile Aceh cattle (N1, N2, N3, N4, and N5) and Aceh cattle with RB (RB1, RB2, RB3, RB4, and RB5). Changes in the anatomical pathology of uterine horn were observed prior to histopathological preparations. The results were analyzed descriptively. Results: The observation of anatomical pathology revealed that the uterus of fertile cattle was yellowish white with horn-like shape consisting of hollow muscles, while RB cattle were reddish-pale. Furthermore, uterine horn swelling with purulent exudate was observed in the uterine horn of RB1 and RB4, while swelling with serous exudates was found in RB2, RB3, and RB5. Thin-walled uterine horn with caruncular atrophy was observed only in RB3. Histopathological observations showed erosion and hyperplasia of endometrial columnar epithelial and uterine glands in RB1, RB2, RB4, and RB5. Atrophy of uterine gland was found in RB3 and edema of caruncular was observed in RB1 and RB4. In addition, hemorrhage and inflammatory cell infiltration (neutrophils, lymphocytes, and macrophages) were found in all RB cattle. Histologically, cow uterus is divided into three layers, endometrium, myometrium, and perimetrium with the uterine gland found in the endometrium. Histomorphometric measurements found that the uterine horn wall (endometrial, myometrial, and perimetrium) of RB cattle were thicker than of fertile Aceh cattle, 208.06 ± 39.90 vs. 187.39 ± 29.09 μm, 400.138 ± 51.96 vs. 277.91 ± 42.88 μm, and 23.59 ± 9.67 vs. 18.53 ± 4.40 μm. However, the endometrial gland diameter of RB cattle is smaller than that of fertile Aceh cattle, 4.04 ± 0.88 vs. 4.99 ± 1.37 μm. Conclusion: The changes in anatomical pathology and histopathology of the uterine horn of Aceh cattle with RB indicate endometritis which caused by subacute and chronic bacterial infections. Endometritis causes disrupted blood circulation, which is characterized by hemorrhage, edema, and thickening of the endometrium, myometrium, and perimetrium, resulting in an increased diameter of the endometrial gland in RB Aceh cattle. [J Adv Vet Anim Res 2018; 5(4.000): 445-453]

This study aimed to determine the effect of seminal vesicle extract administration to increase the concentration and motility of spermatozoa and testosterone level of kacang goat. The experiment was arranged using a randomly completely block design (RCBD). Three kacang goats were used and each goat received three treatments namely P0 (2 mL of 0.9% NaCl), P1 (1.5 mL Capriglandin, PGF2α), and P2 (2 mL of seminal vesicle extract, EVS). Semen and blood were collected two days post-treatment to measure the concentration and motility of spermatozoa and testosterone level. Testosterone levels were measured with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Duration between treatments was one week after semen collection. The result showed that the average spermatozoa concentration (x106) in P0; P1; and P2 respectively were 2,763.0±395.0; 2,060.00±678.2; and 2,387.0±442.7 (P>0.05), while the spermatozoa motility score in P0; P1; and P2 respectively were 3.7±1.1, 3.4±0.5, and 3.4±0.5 (P>0.05). The mean testosterone levels in P0, P1, and P2 respectively were 10.27±5.42, 18.51±19.46, and 29.57±12.96 ng/mL (P

This study aimed to compare the progesterone concentrations in Waringin sheep estrus cycle which induced by PGF2α or the combination of PGF2α and GnRH. This study used six Waringin sheep those were divided into twice groups, K1 and K2. K1(n=3) were injected by 7.5 mg PGF2α intramuscularly for 10 days, while K2 (n = 3) were injected by PGF2α and GnRH. On the first day K2 were injected by 7.5 mg PGF2α, then followed by injection 50 µg of GnRH on day 8th and re-injected by 7.5 mg PGF2α on day 15th. On day 18th, sample was re-injected using 50 µg GnRH. Waringin sheep those showed estrus symptoms were detected visually and with signs showed by sheep stud. Blood samples were taken on the 7th, 14th, and 21st day after the peak heat. The measurement of progesterone concentration was conducted by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The results showed those the concentrations of progesterone on day 7th, 14th, and 21st on K1 vs K2 were 1.324±1.079, 7.607±8.922, and 5.220±1.653 vs 4.705±3.369, 4.184±5.512, and 1.797±0.898 ng/mL (P>0,05), respectively. In conclusion, the concentration of progesterone of Waringin sheep after inducing with PGF2α or combination PGF2α and GnRH at different cycle periode did not show differences

This study was aimed to determine the effect of epididymis extract (EE) on the testosterone and dihydrotestosterone (DHT) level of local male goat. An experimental study was performed using a completely randomized design (CRD) pattern of one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). 15 local male goats aged 1.5 years with body weight 14-16 kg were used in this study. The K0 group as a control group, injected with only 1 ml physiological saline, while each KP1, KP2, KP3, and KP4 groups treated with multilevel EE dose, ie 1, 2, 3, and 4 ml / goat for 13 consecutive days. At the end of treatment (day 14th), testes, epididymis (caput, corpus, and cauda) and ductus deferens samples were taken through the close-castration method for examining the testosterone and DHT concentration by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique. Data gathered were later analyzed using ANOVA followed by Tukey’s HSD in SPSS 16.0 for Windows. The result showed that the average concentration of testosterone on K0, KP1, KP2, KP3, and KP 4 in testis respectively were 10.00±2.64 ng/ml; 7.66±2.51 ng/ml; 10.00±6.55 ng/ml; 0.66±0.57 ng/ml; 11.66±7.37 ng/ml; caput epididymis; 5.00±1.73 ng/ml; 2.33±1.52 ng/ml; 5.00±2.64 ng/ml; 1.33±0.57 ng/ml; 5.66±1.15 ng/ml; corpus epididymis; 1.33±0.57 ng/ml; 0.66±0.57 ng/ml; 4.00±2.64 ng/ml; 0.66±0.57 ng/ml; 4.33±2.30 ng/ml; cauda epididymis: 1.00±0.00 ng/ml; 0.66±0.57 ng/ml; 1.66±0.57 ng/ml; 1.00 ± 0.00 ng/ml; 2.00±1.73 ng/ml; ductus deferens: 3.66±2.51 ng/ml; 0.66±0.57 ng/ml; 3.00±1.00 ng/ml; 1.00±0.00 ng/ml and 3.66±1.15 ng/ml. While the average concentration of DHT on K0, KP1, KP2, KP3, and KP 4 in testis respectively; 10.00±2.64 ng/ml; 7.66±2.51 ng/ml; 10.00±6.55 ng/ml; 0.66±0.57 ng/ml; 11.66±7.37 ng/ml; caput epididymis; 5.00±1.73 ng/ml; 2.33±1.52 ng/ml; 5.00±2.64 ng/ml; 1.33±0.57 ng/ml; 5.66±1.15 ng/ml; corpus epididymis; 1.33±0.57 ng/ml; 0.66±0.57 ng/ml; 4.00±2.64 ng/ml; 0.66±0.57 ng/ml; 4.33±2.30 ng/ml; cauda epididymis: 1.00±0.00 ng/ml; 0.66±0.57 ng/ml; 1.66±0.57 ng/ml; 1.00 ± 0.00 ng/ml; 2.00±1.73 ng/ml; ductus deferens: 3.66±2.51 ng/ml; 0.66±0.57 ng/ml; 3.00±1.00 ng/ml; 1.00±0.00 ng/ml and 3.66±1.15 ng/ml. Statistical analysis showed that the administration of EE only increased testosterone concentration in testes had significant effect (P 0.05). From this study, it can be concluded that the EE has the potential to improve spermatogenesis and sperm quality through increasing the testosterone concentration in the local male goats.

This study aimed to investigate the changes in physical properties of cervical mucus of repeat breeder aceh cattle. Subjects were three normal (K1) and repeat breeder (RB) adult female aceh. K1 were post partus cattle >2 months had successful pregrncy by one insemination and had regular cycle twice whereas K2 consisted of repeat breeders, i.e. cattle had normal estrus but failed to be pregnant after three times artificial inseminations. Cervical mucus samples, 50 ml, were collected by aspiration using a sterile catheter and disposable syringe. Catheter was inserted via vagina followed by rectal palpation to direct catheter reached the cornua uterus or vaginal folds. Result of evaluation on the physical properties of cervical mucus from fertile and repeat breeder cattle showed that their cervical mucus was unavailable/small in quantity (0.00 vs. 66.67%), cloudy color (0.00 vs. 66.67%), thick consistency (0.00 vs. 100%), fern pattern (0.00 vs 66.67%), spinnbarkeit (5.16±1.60 vs. 2.83±2.02 cm) and pH values (7.33±0.57 vs 9.33±1.52). It can be concluded that cervical mucus of repeat breeder aceh cattle were lesser in quantity and had cloudier color, thicker consistency, and lower pH than that of fertile aceh cattle.

The objective of this research is to determine the estrous performance and steroid level of repeat breeding in Aceh cattle. This research included 17 female Aceh cattle, aged 3-5 years, who had been pregnant at least once. The cows were divided into two groups, fertile cows (n=7) and repeat breeding cows (n=10). All cows were estrous synchronized by 5 ml PGF2α intramuscularly (LutalyseTM, Pharmacia & Upjohn Company, Pfizer Inc.) via double injection pattern, with 11 days interval. Estrous detection to measure the intensity, heat onset and heat duration after PGF2α injection was conducted twice a day at 08.00 and 16.00, each for 30 minutes. Blood collection for progesterone measurement began on the day of the last PGF2α injection, while the blood sample for estradiol was collected during standing heat. Steroid analysis was performed by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay method (ELISA). Injection of the second PGF2 in both treatment groups managed to induce estrus in 5 cows (71.4%) in fertile cow group, and 9 cows (90.0%) in repeat breeding cow group. Intensity, onset, and duration between fertile cows group vs. repeat breeding cows group were 4.0±1.0 vs. 2.9±1.1, 46.4±29.1 vs. 49.8±28.0 hours, and 59.2±34.7 vs. 64.4±42.1 hours, respectively (P>0.05). Estradiol level showed insignificant differences (P>0.05) between fertile cows (110.4±20.1 pg/ml) and repeat breeding cows (101.6±17.4 pg/ml). Progesterone level showed significant difference (P

back cover

front cover

The objective of this study was to determine the effect of centella leaf extract administration on decreased of the molecule cAMP responsive element modulator (CREM) expression in the testicular seminiferous tubules of male rats (Rattus norvegicus). Eight rats, aged 3.5 months with 150-250 grams of body weight (BW) were used in this study. All rats were divided randomly into four groups as if K0 as a control group whereas K1, K2, and K3 were given the centella leaf extract with doses 125, 250, and 500 mg / kg body weight respectivelly that given once daily for 30 days. At the end of the treatment, rats were sacrificed and their testes were collected and subsequently fixed in buffered neutral formalin (BNF) 10% as fixative solution for histological preparation. The CREMs expressions were detected using immunohistochemical methods. The results showed that the number of CREM expression in the seminiferous tubules significantly differ (P 0.05) between K0 and the treatment group (K1, K2, and K3). Conclusion, the administration of centella leaf extract with of the dose 125, 250, and 500 mg/kg BW can decreased CREM expression spermatids of testicular seminiferous tubules in male rat.

Aim: This study aims to determine the effect of seminal vesicle extract on cyclic adenosine monophosphate responsive element modulator (CREM) expression in rat Sertoli cells. Materials and Methods: This study examined the expression of CREM on 20 male rats (Rattus norvegicus) at 4 months of age, weighing 250-300 g. The rats were divided into four groups: K0, KP1, KP2, and KP3. K0 group was injected with 0.2 ml normal saline; KP1 was injected with 25 mg cloprostenol (Prostavet C, Virbac S. A); KP2 and KP3 were injected with 0.2 and 0.4 ml seminal vesicle extract, respectively. The treatments were conducted 5 times within 12-day interval. At the end of the study, the rats were euthanized by cervical dislocation; then, the testicles were necropsied and processed for histology observation using immunohistochemistry staining. Results: CREM expression in rat Sertoli cells was not altered by the administration of either 0.2 or 0.4 ml seminal vesicle extract. Conclusion: The administration of seminal vesicle extract is unable to increase CREM expression in rat Sertoli cells.

This research aimed to determine the optimum time for early pregnancy diagnosis in dwarf goat by trancutaneous ultrasonography and to determine ultrasonography imaging of dwarf goat pregnancy since insemination until embryo formation. Animal used in this research were 3 productive female goats with normal estrus cycle and 1male goat. The female goats were kept in separation pen from the male goat. The grasses were fed three times a day and additional feed were fed in the morning and afternoon with the water was given ad libitum. The goats were synchronized with intramuscular double injection of 1 ml estron®/each female goat with 11 days interval. The observation of estrus was examined using male goat following the second injection of estron®. The sign of estrus in female goats were characterized with standing immobile and allow the male goat to mount them. If the signs had been evident, the female goats were naturally mated. Pregnancy was determined by the presence of the embryonic vesicle by isoechogenic until hyperechogenic visualization surrounded by hypoechogenic of the embryonic fluid. The result of the transcutaneous ultrasonography in dwarf goat pregnancy showed the presence of embryonic vesicle on day 14 and embryo with isoechogenic visualization was detected on day 24 of pregnancy. Key words: dwarf goat, early pregnancy, transcutaneous ultrasonography

This study was conducted to validate a commercial testosterone enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits (DRG EIA-1559) in analytic and biological manner for measuring serum testosterone concentrations in kacang goats. This study used 18 healthy kacang goats, six bucks (2 years), six kids (6 months), and six does (2 years). Blood samples were collected from jugular vein and prepared as serum. Two validation tests were performed, an analytical validation comprises a parallelism, accuracy, precision and sensitivity and a biological validation by comparing testosterone concentration from bucks, kids, and does. Testosterone concentrations were measured using ELISA technique. Data of analytical validation were analyzed descriptively and test of equality of slope was performed to see the parallelism between samples and standard curves. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used for biological validation data. Results of parallelism showed that sample curve was parallel to the standard curve. Accuracy, precision (% CV of intra-and inter-assay) and sensitivity of the assay were 99.65±4.27%, 10%, 15% and 0.083 ng/ml, respectively. Results of biological validation showed that the assay used were accurately measured testosterone which testosterone concentrations in bucks were significantly higher compared to kids and does (P0.05). In conclusion, a commercial testosterone ELISA kits (DRG EIA-1559) is a reliable assay for measuring serum testosterone concentration in kacang goats. Key words: analytical and biological validations, ELISA, testosterone, kacang goat

The objective of this study was to identify the type of specific glycoconjugates and its distribution in testicular spermatogenic cells in muntjak (Muntiacus muntjak muntjak) based on lectins histochemistry. An adult male muntjak aged 4-5 years old in hard antler period was used in this study. Testicular tissue was fixed in Bouin solution and processed histologically. Histochemistry method was performed using six types biotinylated lectins such as peanut agglutinin (PNA), soybean agglutinin (SBA), wheat germ agglutinin (WGA), ricinus communis agglutinin (RCA), concanavalin A (Con A), and ulex europaeus agglutinin I (UEA I) with 20 µg/ml of concentration for PNA lectins and 15µg/ml for other type of lectins. The results showed that glycoconjugates were detected by all type of lectins except UEA I in testicular spermatogenic cells with variation in distribution pattern and also the intensity of lectins binding. Glycoconjugates β-galactose, β-glucose, mannose, Nacetylgalactosamine, N-acetylglucosamine and sialic acid were stained intensely by lectins in golgy-cap phase and acrosomal phase of spermatids. Glycoconjugate N-acetylgalactosamine was the sugar residues which distributed abundantly that marked by positive reaction with PNA, SBA, and RCA lectins. In conclusion, glycoconjugates are detected in testicular spermatids cells of muntjak indicated that glycoconjugates have an important role in spermatogenesis particularly in spermiogenesis. Key words: glycoconjugates, lectins, spermatid, spermatozoa, muntjak

This study aimed to estimate the gestational age of Etawa crossbred goats based on ultrasound images of embryo and fetal using transcutaneous ultrasonography. Etawa crossbred does (n= 5) were synchronized using double PGF2α injection with 10 days interval and mated naturally. Early pregnancy was diagnosed on 20th day after mating base on isoechogenic image of the embryo (2.65±0.75 mm) and hypoechogenic appearance of gestational sac. On 30th day of the first trimester, the embryo size was 8.31±0.42 mm. The embryo reached 10.44±0.51 mm on 35th day. On 60th day, the existence of the fetal were clearly appeared along with isoechogenic of umbilical cord, hyperechogenic os cranium (25.5±0.1 mm), and body length (51.83±1.59 mm). On 75th day, the diameter of the os cranium was 33.03±0.20 mm, body length of 110±1.73 mm, and bones structures appeared hyperechogenic for os thoracalis and os vertebrae. The placenta was isoechogenoic with diameter of 23.3±0.2 mm. On 90th day, the placenta dominated the uterus (22.67±1.70 mm) and reached its maximum diameter on 145th day (33.73±2.91 mm). In conclusion, early pregnancy detection of Etawa crossbred goats using transcutaneous ultrasonography could be performed on 20th day after mating

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui peningkatan level steroid dan persentase kebuntingan sapi aceh terhadap induksi ovulasi dengan metode presynch-ovsynch. Dalam penelitian ini digunakan sepuluh ekor sapi aceh betina dengan status tidak bunting, minimal dua bulan pascapartus, sudah pernah beranak, dan sehat secara klinis. Sapi dibagi atas dua kelompok, yang masing-masing terdiri atas lima ekor sapi. Kelompok pertama (K1) disinkronisasi berahi dengan metode presynch-ovsynch. Pada kelompok kedua (K2), disinkronisasi berahi menggunakan 5 ml PGF2α secara intramuskulus dengan pola penyuntikan ganda dengan interval 12 hari. Setelah 48 jam akhir perlakuan, sapi pada K1 dan K2 diinseminasi menggunakan semen beku fertil. Observasi berahi dilakukan setelah penyuntikan terakhir. Koleksi darah untuk pemeriksaan level estradiol dilakukan segera setelah inseminasi dilakukan sedangkan koleksi darah untuk pemeriksaan progesteron dilakukan pada hari ke-7 pasca-inseminasi. Level steroid diukur menggunakan teknik enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Pemeriksaan kebuntingan dilakukan 90 hari pasca-inseminasi menggunakan teknik palpasi rektal. Seluruh sapi menunjukkan gejala berahi setelah perlakuan. Level estradiol dan progesteron pada K1 vs K2 masing-masing adalah 294,98±110,48 vs 392,76±11,6 pg/ml (P0,05) dan 23,85±15,14vs 12,69±5,64ng/ml (P0,05). Persentase kebuntingan pada K1 vs K2 masing-masing adalah 60,0 vs 0,0%. Dari hasil penelitian disimpulkan bahwa metode presynch-ovsynch tidak dapat meningkatkan level steroid tetapi dapat meningkatkan persentase kebuntingan pada sapi aceh.

The objective of this research is to know Aceh cattle follicle dynamic under environmental heat stress condition. This research was conducted on December 2012 until August 2013. Animals used in this research were 20 Aceh cattle aged 5-8 years old, weighing of 150-250 kg, and had at least 2 regular cycles. All cattle used were clinically in good body condition score. The cattle were divided into two groups of 10, used in two different period of times (December-January and July-August) to examine the effect of environmental heat to their follicle dynamic. Each group is separated into two different keeping management; one group was kept in pens while the others in the pasture, 5 cattle in each management group. Research timing was based on information acquired from Indrapuri Agency for Meteorology, Climatology, and Geophysics (BMKG) which predicted that extreme weather would last from July to August while December to January would be relatively normal in Aceh region. All cattle’s estrous cycle were synchronized by 5 mg/mL of PGF2α intramuscularly (Lutalyse™, Pharmacia Upjohn Company, Pfizer Inc.). Ultrasonography examination was performed to monitor ovary follicle’s growth and dynamic during one cycle. Days during ovulation marked by standing heat was regarded as Day 0 of estrous cycle. Follicular dynamic examination during estrous cycle on December-January and also on July-August, both penned or pastured cattle showed the follicle waves that was 3 follicle growth waves. The size of follicle growth on first wave (1st DF) on cattle kept in pen on July-August and December-January were relatively similar. The size of follicle growth on first wave for cattle kept in pasture on July-August and December-January were relatively similar. To conclude, Aceh cattle’s follicle dynamic is not change during environment heat stress condition and is not affected by different cattle-keeping management.

Authors Index

Cover, content and author guidelines

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui perbandingan efektivitas pemberian hormon prostaglandin komersial yang berbeda terhadap persentase berahi dan kebuntingan kambing peranakan ettawa. Kambing betina yang digunakan mempunyai kriteria umur 2,5-3,5 tahun, sehat, tidak bunting, minimal 2 bulan pasca partus, sudah pernah beranak, dan mempunyai bobot badan yang relatif sama. Di samping itu digunakan 2 ekor kambing jantan untuk membantu deteksi berahi. Hewan percobaan dibagi atas 3 kelompok perlakuan, masing-masing kelompok terdiri atas 5 ekor kambing. Kelompok perlakuan I diinjeksi dengan 2,5 ml Lutalyse (dinoprost tromethamine 5 mg/ml dan benzil alkohol 1,65%), kelompok perlakuan II diinjeksi dengan 0,5 ml Prostavet (etiproston 5 mg/2 ml dan ethylen dioxy 15 mg/2 ml), dan kelompok perlakuan III diinjeksi dengan 1,5 ml Capriglandin (dinoprost tromethamine 5,5 mg/ml dan benzil alkohol 12,0 mg/ml). Penyuntikan dilakukan 2 kali secara intramuskuler dengan interval 10 hari setelah penyuntikan pertama. Kambing-kambing yang memperlihatkan gejala berahi dikawinkan secara inseminasi buatan. Diagnosis kebuntingan dilakukan dengan menggunakan USG 30 hari setelah inseminasi. Data onset berahi dianalisis menggunakan analisis varian, sedangkan persentase berahi dan kebuntingan dianalisis secara deskriptif. Onset berahi ketiga kelompok perlakuan masing-masing adalah 40,8±0,57 36,0±0,57 dan 50,4±1,52 jam (P0,05). Persentase berahi pada ketiga kelompok adalah sama yakni 100%, sedangkan persentase kebuntingan pada kelompok I, II, dan III masing-masing adalah 100, 80, dan 60%. Dari hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa onset dan persentase berahi tidak dipengaruhi oleh ketiga prostaglandin komersial yang berbeda tetapi berpengaruh terhadap persentase kebuntingan kambing PE.

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh pemberian ekstrak vesikula seminalis terhadap kualitas spermatozoa dan konsentrasi testosteron tikus putih (Rattus norvegicus). Dalam penelitian ini digunakan 20 ekor tikus putih jantan dewasa, galur Wistar, berumur 3 -4 bulan, berat badan 250-300 g dan dibagi menjadi 4 kelompok (K1, K2, K3, dan K4), masing-masing kelompok berturut-turut diberikan 0,2 ml NaCl fisiologis, 25 μg cloprostenol, 0,2 ml ekstrak vesikula seminalis (EVS), dan 0,4 ml EVS secara intraperitoneal. Pada akhir perlakuan, seluruh tikus dikorbankan secara dislocatio cervicalis. Selanjutnya, kauda duktus epididimis dinekropsi untuk dikoleksi spermatozoanya. Pemeriksaan kualitas spermatozoa, meliputi motilitas dan konsentrasi spermatozoa. Pemeriksaan konsentrasi testosteron serum darah dilakukan menggunakan teknik enzymelinked immunosorbant assay (ELISA). Motilitas dan konsentrasi (x10 6 ) spermatozoa pada kelompok K1; K2; K3; dan K4 masingmasing adalah 3,00±0,00; 3,20±0,28; 2,00±0,86; dan 3,20±0,28 dan 146,60±71,90; 187,80±60,80; 124,20±64,70; dan 129,40±27,07. Konsentrasi testosteron pada kelompok K1; K2; K3; dan K4 masing-masing adalah 5,53+1,75; 4,68+4,56; 2,51+1,33; dan 2,40+1,60 ng/ml. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian EVS mampu meningkatkan motilitas spermatozoa tetapi tidak memengaruhi konsentrasi spermatozoa dan testosteron serum darah tikus putih.

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh pemberian ekstrak epididimis (EE) terhadap peningkatan kualitas spermatozoa kambing jantan lokal. Dalam penelitian ini digunakan 12 ekor kambing jantan lokal, berumur 1,5 tahun dengan bobot badan 10-15 kg dan dibagi atas empat kelompok (K0, KP1, KP2, dan KP3). Kelompok K0, hanya diinjeksi dengan NaCl fisiologis sedangkan kelompok KP1, KP2, dan KP3 diinjeksi EE masing-masing 1, 2, dan 3 ml/ekor selama 13 hari berturut-turut. Pada hari ke-14, dilakukan pengambilan semen kambing dengan elektroejakulator dan selanjutnya dilakukan pemeriksaan kualitas spermatozoa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian EE dengan dosis 1 dan 3 ml/ekor EE selama 13 hari berturut-turut menyebabkan peningkatan kualitas spermatozoa dibanding kelompok kontrol. Berdasarkan hal tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa EE berpotensi meningkatkan kualitas spermatozoa pada kambing jantan lokal.

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui gambaran involusi uterus kambing kacang berdasarkan pengamatan dengan ultrasonografi (USG) transkutaneus. Hewan yang digunakan adalah 1 ekor kambing kacang betina pascapartus dengan status melahirkan normal dan melahirkan satu ekor anak. Kambing diperiksa dalam posisi berbaring (lateral recumbency). Pengamatan involusi uterus dilakukan setiap hari, dimulai dari hari pertama pascapartus sampai tidak ada lagi pengurangan diameter lumen kornua uterus. Pada hari pertama sampai hari ke-7, gambaran karunkula (hypoechoic), lokia (anechoic), lapisan miometrium, dan endometrium (hypoechoic) yang dipisahkan oleh lapisan pembuluh darah (anechoic) terlihat jelas dengan diameter lumen kornua uterus menurun dari 87,6 menjadi 52,8 mm. Pada hari ke-8 diameter lumen 45,4 mm menurun menjadi 38,4 mm pada hari ke-14. Lokia dan lapisan miometrium masih terlihat sedangkan lapisan pembuluh darah dan karunkula sudah tidak terlihat. Pada hari ke-15 diameter lumen 35,5 mm menurun menjadi 19,3 mm pada hari ke-20 dengan lapisan uterus, lokia, lapisan pembuluh darah, dan karunkula sudah tidak terlihat. Ukuran diameter lumen kornua uterus mengalami penurunan setiap hari dan berhenti mengalami penurunan pada hari ke-20 dengan diameter 19,3 mm. Penelitian ini memperlihatkan bahwa proses involusi uterus kambing dapat diamati dengan metode USG transkutaneus.

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui efek injeksi inhibin B terhadap penurunan konsentrasi follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) di dalam serum pada tikus putih (Rattus norvegicus). Dalam penelitian ini digunakan 24 ekor tikus putih berjenis kelamin jantan dengan strain Wistar berumur 4 bulan dengan bobot badan 150-200 g. Tikus-tikus dikelompokkan secara acak ke dalam 4 kelompok, yaitu KK0, KP1, KP2, dan KP3, masing-masing kelompok terdiri atas 6 ekor. Kelompok KK0 merupakan kelompok kontrol hanya diinjeksi dengan phosphate buffer saline (PBS), sedangkan kelompok KP1, KP2, dan KP3 diinjeksi dengan inhibin B dengan dosis berturut-turut 25, 50, dan 100 pg/ekor. Injeksi inhibin B dilakukan secara intraperitoneum sebanyak 5 kali selama 48 hari dengan interval waktu 12 hari. Injeksi pertama inhibin B dilarutkan dengan 0,05 ml PBS dan 0,05 ml Freud’s complete adjuvant (FCA). Injeksi kedua sampai kelima, inhibin B dilarutkan dengan 0,05 ml PBS dan 0,05 ml Freud’s incomplete adjuvant (FICA). Pada hari ke-6 setelah injeksi inhibin B terakhir, tikus dikorbankan secara dislocatio cervicalis,lalu darah dikoleksi langsung dari jantung dan didiamkan hingga didapatkan serum untuk pemeriksaan konsentrasi FSH dengan menggunakan metode enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa injeksi inhibin B dengan dosis 100 pg/ekor menurunkan konsentrasi FSH secara nyata (P0,05) bila dibandingkan dengan kelompok kontrol. Berdasarkan hal tersebut, inhibin B berpeluang untuk dikembangkan sebagai kandidat kontrasepsi pria hormon berbasis peptida.

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui perbedaan intensitas berahi sapi aceh antara yang disinkronisasi berahi dengan prostaglandin F2 alfa (PGF2α) dan berahi alami. Dalam penelitian ini digunakan 20 ekor sapi aceh betina yang dibagi atas dua kelompok. Kriteria sapi yang digunakan adalah umur 5-8 tahun, mempunyai bobot badan 150-250 kg, dan mempunyai minimal dua siklus reguler. Sapi yang digunakan mempunyai skor kondisi tubuh dengan kriteria baik, yaitu 3 atau 4 pada skala skor 5. Pada Kelompok I (KI) sapi disinkronisasi berahi mengunakan PGF2α sebanyak 5 mg/ml secara intramuskular. Pada kelompok II (KII) sapi dibiarkan memperlihatkan gejala berahi alami. Penilaian intensitas berahi dilakukan dengan memberi skor 1, 2, dan 3, berdasarkan kriteria yang dibuat oleh Kune dan Solihati (2007). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tidak ada perbedaan intensitas berahi sapi aceh baik yang disinkronisasi berahi dengan PGF2α dan sapi yang mengalami berahi alami dengan skor intensitas berahi masing-masing adalah 2,40±0,84 dan 2,70±0,48.

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh penyuntikan dan dosis optimal ekstrak hipofisa sapi terhadap peningkatan produktivitas ayam petelur fase akhir produksi. Sebanyak 60 ekor ayam petelur berumur 22-44 bulan yang telah mengalami penurunan produksi sekitar 50-60% yang terdapat pada peternakan ayam petelur Jantho Farm, Aceh Besar digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Seluruh ayam dibagi 6 kelompok perlakuan, masing-masing kelompok terdiri atas 10 ekor ayam petelur. Kelompok I, II, III, IV, V, dan VI masing-masing disuntik dengan 0,1 ml NaCl fisiologis, 15 IU PMSG; 0,1 ml ekstrak hipofisa sapi; 0,2 ml ekstrak hipofisa sapi; 0,3 ml ekstrak hipofisa sapi; dan 0,4 ml ekstrak hipofisa sapi. Injeksi dilakukan secara intramuskular pada otot dada setiap dua minggu sekali selama enam minggu.Total rata-rata produksi telur pada kelompok I; II; III; IV; V; dan VI masing-masing adalah 5,81+1,10; 4,28+1,04; 4,60+2,04; 5,43+1,45; 6,29+1,34; dan 5,74+1,17 butir. Total rata-rata berat telur pada kelompok I; II; III; IV; V; dan VI masing-masing adalah 65,27+1,61; 63,66+1,86; 65,38+3,51; 64,01+3,91; 66,20+1,67; dan 65,21+1,91 g sedangkan total rata-rata ketebalan cangkang telur pada kelompok I; II; III; IV; V; dan VI masing-masing adalah 0,43+0,02; 0,42+0,03; 0,43+0,02; 0,42+0,02; 0,43+0,02; dan 0,42+0,02 mm. Dari hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa ekstrak hipofisa sapi dapat meningkatkan produktivitas ayam petelur pada fase akhir produksi dan dosis optimal ekstrak hipofisa adalah 0,3 ml.

ABSTRACT. The objective of this study is to know the effectivity of oestrus syncronizination and male effect combination in local does. A research was carried out of ten healthy female local does, 2.5-3.5 years old and non in oestrus or gravid condition. Does are divided in to groups, which consist of 5 does. Oestrus was synchronize by intramuscular injection of 125 u cloprostenol (estroplan TM). The does were injected twice at on interval of 10 days. After second group introduce with one male while at first group without male ever. The second injection was accoplished after the does revealed the charactristic oestrus sign alliwed mating naturally. The percentage of does revealed oestrus after synchronize and male effect combination process (100% vs 100%) with onset of oestrus showed not significantly difference (38.4 ± 9.37 vs 34.4 ± 9.53). All female does were become gravid (100% vs 100%)with average of number of kids was not significantly (1.2 ± 0.45 vs 1.8 ± 0.45).