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This response to Asger Sørensen’s paper From Ontology to Epistemology: Tong, Mao and Hegel is made on the basis of a reflection on the author’s intellectual development with special reference to the idea of ‘dialectics’. This development is mainly composed of three periods, in which the author formed his strong antipathy toward dialectics as a mere tool of power (in the 1970s), learnt to understand the importance of ‘dialogical logic’ in providing conceptual tools for human knowledge of a type of reality which is both objective and subjective – human practices (in the 1980s) – and attempted to understand the ‘dialectics of rationalization’ by integrating ‘dialectics’ in the Western tradition of Critical Theory with the Chinese tradition of ‘dialectics’ systematically interpreted by Feng Qi (1915-1995) since the 1990s. Ovaj odgovor na poglavlje Asgera Serensena Od ontologije do epistemologije: Tong, Mao i Hegel je formulisan na temelju refleksije o autorovom intelektualnom razvoju sa posebnim osvrtom na ideju ,dijalektikeʻ. Ovaj razvoj se sastoji iz tri perioda, u kojima je autor razvio jaku antipatiju prema dijalektici kao jednostavnoj alatki moći (u 1970-im), i razumeo značaj ,dijaloške logikeʻ u pružanju pojmovnih oruđa za ljudsko spoznavanje one vrste realnosti koja je istovremeno objektivna i subjetivan – ljudskih praksi (u 1980-im) – i pokušao da razume ,dijalektiku racio nalizacijeʻ integrišući ,dijalektikuʻ iz zapadne tradicije kritičke teorije sa kineskom tradicijom ,dijalektikeʻ sistematski interpretiranom u delima Feng Ćija (1915-1995) u 1990-im.

BackgroundAcute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a common critical respiratory illness. Hypoxia at high altitude is a factor that influences the progression of ARDS. Currently, we lack clear diagnostic criteria for high-altitude ARDS. The purpose of this study was to determine the value of the application of the Berlin Definition altitude-PaO2/FiO2-corrected criteria for ARDS in Xining, Qinghai (2,261 m).MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of patients with ARDS admitted to the Department of Critical Care Medicine of the Affiliated Hospital of Qinghai University from January 2018 to December 2018. The severity of ARDS was categorized according to the Berlin Definition, Berlin Definition altitude-PaO2/FiO2-corrected criteria, and the diagnostic criteria for acute lung injury (ALI)/ARDS at high altitudes in Western China (Zhang criteria). In addition, the differences between the three criteria were compared.ResultsAmong 1,221 patients, 512 were treated with mechanical ventilation. In addition, 253 met the Berlin Definition, including 49 (19.77%) with mild ARDS, 148 (58.50%) with moderate ARDS, and 56 (22.13%) with severe ARDS. A total of 229 patients met the altitude-PaO2/FiO2-corrected criteria, including 107 with mild ARDS (46.72%), 84 with moderate ARDS (36.68%), and 38 (16.59%) with severe ARDS. Intensive care unit (ICU) mortality increased with the severity of ARDS (mild, 17.76%; moderate, 21.43%; and severe, 47.37%). Twenty-eight-day mortality increased with worsening ARDS (mild 23.36% vs. moderate 44.05% vs. severe 63.16%) (p < 0.001). There were 204 patients who met the Zhang criteria, including 87 (42.65%) with acute lung injury and 117 (57.35%) with ARDS. The area under receiver operating characteristics (AUROCs) of the Berlin Definition, the altitude-P/F-corrected criteria, and the Zhang criteria were 0.6675 (95% CI 0.5866–0.7484), 0.6216 (95% CI 0.5317–0.7116), and 0.6050 (95% CI 0.5084–0.7016), respectively. There were no statistically significant differences between the three diagnostic criteria.ConclusionFor Xining, Qinghai, the altitude-PaO2/FiO2-corrected criteria for ARDS can distinguish the severity of ARDS, but these results need to be confirmed in a larger sample and in multicenter clinical studies.Clinical Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov, identifier: NCT04199650.

It is important for patients to maintain a good nutritional status as a health promotion strategy to improve the immune function and thus the prognosis of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The objective of this retrospective study is to analyze the relationships of nutritional status with inflammation levels, protein reserves, baseline immune status, severity, length of hospital stay, and prognosis of COVID-19 patients. A total of 63 COVID-19 patients hospitalized in the People's Hospital and the Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of the Xinzhou District, Wuhan, China, from January 29, 2020 to March 17, 2020. Sixty-three patients were divided into 3 groups according to the guidelines, moderate (n = 22), severe (n = 14), and critical (n = 25), respectively. The differences in the total nutrition risk screening (NRS) score, inflammation level, protein reserve, baseline immune status, length of hospital stay, and prognosis were compared among patients with moderate, severe, and critical COVID-19. Patients with higher NRS scores tend to have more severe COVID-19, higher C-reactive protein and serum procalcitonin levels, higher white blood cell counts, lower lymphocyte counts, and higher mortality rates (P

Many people show great interest in the idea of “overlapping consensus” proposed by John Rawls. On the basis of a careful reading of different understandings of this idea, or the “overlapping consensus” on the idea of “overlapping consensus,” we can say that there are three levels of “overlapping consensus.” At the first level, people with different positions treat each other in the same reasonable attitude. At the second level, people holding different values support the same norms on the basis of their respective values or by taking each other’s perspectives in the moral discourse. At the third level, people who currently hold different “moral sources” of the shared norms are never-the-less ready to be engaged in a common learning process that aims for a “fusion of horizons” in the future. Overlapping consensuses at all these levels should not only be discussed in political philosophy, or discovered in political culture, but also constructed in political practice.

Background: There is no reliable marker available for early detection, diagnostic confirmation, or disease prognosis available of prostate cancer (PCa). We aimed to evaluate the function of Cullin-1 and unravel its underlying molecular mechanism to develop novel treatment options equivalent to PCa. Method: We used immunohistochemistry to analyze the correlation between Cullin-1 expression and clinicopathologic variables and patient survival. The Cullin-1 level was tested in PCa cells. The role of regulation of Cullin-1 in PCa was applied in vitro and vivo. In addition, we further investigated the signaling pathway of Cullin-1 in prostate cancer cell proliferation. Result: We first discovered that Cullin-1 expression was upregulated in human PCa tissues and inversely related with PCa differentiation. We then found that high expression of Cullin-1 protein suggested a poor prognosis in PCa patients. Also, Cullin-1 promotes PCa cell proliferation in vitro and tumor growth in vivo. We then found that the mechanism of Cullin-1 regulation on cell-cycle progression is due to increased expression of p21 and p27, and decreased expression of cyclin D1 and cyclin E after Cullin-1 knockdown. Conclusion: Cullin-1 exerts multiple biological effects in the PCa cell line. Through promoting proliferation and by countering cisplatin-induced apoptosis, Cullin-1 has been deeply implicated in the pathogenesis and development of PCa.