Search

Your search keyword '"Tonegawa, Susumu"' showing total 1,057 results
Start Over Author "Tonegawa, Susumu"
1,057 results on '"Tonegawa, Susumu"'

8. What is memory? The present state of the engram

Author

Poo, Mu-ming, Pignatelli, Michele, Ryan, Tomás J, Tonegawa, Susumu, Bonhoeffer, Tobias, Martin, Kelsey C, Rudenko, Andrii, Tsai, Li-Huei, Tsien, Richard W, Fishell, Gord, Mullins, Caitlin, Gonçalves, J Tiago, Shtrahman, Matthew, Johnston, Stephen T, Gage, Fred H, Dan, Yang, Long, John, Buzsáki, György, and Stevens, Charles

Subjects
Biological Sciences, Neurosciences, Underpinning research, 1.2 Psychological and socioeconomic processes, 1.1 Normal biological development and functioning, Animals, Brain, Epigenomics, Hippocampus, Humans, Memory, Models, Animal, Neurons, Spine, Synapses, Developmental Biology, Biological sciences
Abstract

The mechanism of memory remains one of the great unsolved problems of biology. Grappling with the question more than a hundred years ago, the German zoologist Richard Semon formulated the concept of the engram, lasting connections in the brain that result from simultaneous "excitations", whose precise physical nature and consequences were out of reach of the biology of his day. Neuroscientists now have the knowledge and tools to tackle this question, however, and this Forum brings together leading contemporary views on the mechanisms of memory and what the engram means today.

Published
2016

13. A role for calcium-permeable AMPA receptors in synaptic plasticity and learning.

Author

Wiltgen, Brian J, Royle, Gordon A, Gray, Erin E, Abdipranoto, Andrea, Thangthaeng, Nopporn, Jacobs, Nate, Saab, Faysal, Tonegawa, Susumu, Heinemann, Stephen F, O'Dell, Thomas J, Fanselow, Michael S, and Vissel, Bryce

Subjects
Hippocampus, Synapses, Animals, Mice, Knockout, Mice, Calcium, Receptors, AMPA, Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate, Learning, Neuronal Plasticity, Long-Term Potentiation, Female, Male, Knockout, Receptors, AMPA, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate, General Science & Technology
Abstract

A central concept in the field of learning and memory is that NMDARs are essential for synaptic plasticity and memory formation. Surprisingly then, multiple studies have found that behavioral experience can reduce or eliminate the contribution of these receptors to learning. The cellular mechanisms that mediate learning in the absence of NMDAR activation are currently unknown. To address this issue, we examined the contribution of Ca(2+)-permeable AMPARs to learning and plasticity in the hippocampus. Mutant mice were engineered with a conditional genetic deletion of GluR2 in the CA1 region of the hippocampus (GluR2-cKO mice). Electrophysiology experiments in these animals revealed a novel form of long-term potentiation (LTP) that was independent of NMDARs and mediated by GluR2-lacking Ca(2+)-permeable AMPARs. Behavioral analyses found that GluR2-cKO mice were impaired on multiple hippocampus-dependent learning tasks that required NMDAR activation. This suggests that AMPAR-mediated LTP interferes with NMDAR-dependent plasticity. In contrast, NMDAR-independent learning was normal in knockout mice and required the activation of Ca(2+)-permeable AMPARs. These results suggest that GluR2-lacking AMPARs play a functional and previously unidentified role in learning; they appear to mediate changes in synaptic strength that occur after plasticity has been established by NMDARs.

Published
2010

44. Entorhinal-Hippocampal Neuronal Circuits Bridge Temporally Discontiguous Events

Author

Kitamura, Takashi, Macdonald, Christopher J., and Tonegawa, Susumu

Abstract

The entorhinal cortex (EC)-hippocampal (HPC) network plays an essential role for episodic memory, which preserves spatial and temporal information about the occurrence of past events. Although there has been significant progress toward understanding the neural circuits underlying the spatial dimension of episodic memory, the relevant circuits subserving the temporal dimension are just beginning to be understood. In this review, we examine the evidence concerning the role of the EC in associating events separated by time--or temporal associative learning--with emphasis on the function of persistent activity in the medial entorhinal cortex layer III (MECIII) and their direct inputs into the CA1 region of HPC. We also discuss the unique role of Island cells in the medial entorhinal cortex layer II (MECII), which is a newly discovered direct feedforward inhibitory circuit to CA1. Finally, we relate the function of these entorhinal cortical circuits to recent findings concerning hippocampal time cells, which may collectively activate in sequence to bridge temporal gaps between discontiguous events in an episode.

Published
2015
Full Text
View/download PDF

45. Tribute to Professor Takashi Yura

Author

Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Biology, Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Tonegawa, Susumu, Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Biology, Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, and Tonegawa, Susumu

Published
2023

46. Brain-wide mapping reveals that engrams for a single memory are distributed across multiple brain regions

Author

Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Biology, Roy, Dheeraj S, Park, Young-Gyun, Kim, Minyoung E, Zhang, Ying, Ogawa, Sachie K, DiNapoli, Nicholas, Gu, Xinyi, Cho, Jae H, Choi, Heejin, Kamentsky, Lee, Martin, Jared, Mosto, Olivia, Aida, Tomomi, Chung, Kwanghun, Tonegawa, Susumu, Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Biology, Roy, Dheeraj S, Park, Young-Gyun, Kim, Minyoung E, Zhang, Ying, Ogawa, Sachie K, DiNapoli, Nicholas, Gu, Xinyi, Cho, Jae H, Choi, Heejin, Kamentsky, Lee, Martin, Jared, Mosto, Olivia, Aida, Tomomi, Chung, Kwanghun, and Tonegawa, Susumu

Abstract

AbstractNeuronal ensembles that hold specific memory (memory engrams) have been identified in the hippocampus, amygdala, or cortex. However, it has been hypothesized that engrams of a specific memory are distributed among multiple brain regions that are functionally connected, referred to as a unified engram complex. Here, we report a partial map of the engram complex for contextual fear conditioning memory by characterizing encoding activated neuronal ensembles in 247 regions using tissue phenotyping in mice. The mapping was aided by an engram index, which identified 117 cFos+ brain regions holding engrams with high probability, and brain-wide reactivation of these neuronal ensembles by recall. Optogenetic manipulation experiments revealed engram ensembles, many of which were functionally connected to hippocampal or amygdala engrams. Simultaneous chemogenetic reactivation of multiple engram ensembles conferred a greater level of memory recall than reactivation of a single engram ensemble, reflecting the natural memory recall process. Overall, our study supports the unified engram complex hypothesis for memory storage.

Published
2023

48. Cingulate-motor circuits update rule representations for sequential choice decisions

Author

Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Biology, Takeuchi, Daigo, Roy, Dheeraj, Muralidhar, Shruti, Kawai, Takashi, Bari, Andrea, Lovett, Chanel, Sullivan, Heather A, Wickersham, Ian R, Tonegawa, Susumu, Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Biology, Takeuchi, Daigo, Roy, Dheeraj, Muralidhar, Shruti, Kawai, Takashi, Bari, Andrea, Lovett, Chanel, Sullivan, Heather A, Wickersham, Ian R, and Tonegawa, Susumu

Abstract

AbstractAnterior cingulate cortex mediates the flexible updating of an animal’s choice responses upon rule changes in the environment. However, how anterior cingulate cortex entrains motor cortex to reorganize rule representations and generate required motor outputs remains unclear. Here, we demonstrate that chemogenetic silencing of the terminal projections of cingulate cortical neurons in secondary motor cortex in the rat disrupts choice performance in trials immediately following rule switches, suggesting that these inputs are necessary to update rule representations for choice decisions stored in the motor cortex. Indeed, the silencing of cingulate cortex decreases rule selectivity of secondary motor cortical neurons. Furthermore, optogenetic silencing of cingulate cortical neurons that is temporally targeted to error trials immediately after rule switches exacerbates errors in the following trials. These results suggest that cingulate cortex monitors behavioral errors and updates rule representations in motor cortex, revealing a critical role for cingulate-motor circuits in adaptive choice behaviors.

Published
2023

Catalog

Books, media, physical & digital resources
See catalog results