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Contributions of the H2020 project ECOBREED to the World Soybean Research Conference 11, 18-23 June 2023, Vienna, Austria. Excerpt from the Book of Abstracts: (i) P. Ranđelović, V. Đorđević, J. Miladinović, M. Ćeran, S. Prodanović, S. Jaćimović, V. Đukić: "High-throughput phenotyping for temporal screening of soybean canopy cover and height assessed in different environments", p. 114 (ii) V. Djordjević, J. Miladinović, M. Ćeran, P. Ranđelović, S. Jaćimović, Ž. Milovac, M. Vasiljević, I. Toncea, M. Bernhart: "Soybean phenotyping: ideotypes for organic breeding", p. 133 (iii) M. Ćeran, V. Đorđević, J. Miladinović, P. Ranđelović, M. Vasiljević, S. Jaćimović, V. Đukić: "Exploration of selective genotyping and selective phenotyping for optimization of soybean genomic prediction models", p. 153 (iv) V. Djordjevic, M. Ćeran, S. Jaćimović, J. Miladinović, M. Vasiljević, P. Ranđelović, J. Marinković: "Phenomic selection in soybean breeding", p. 206 (v) S. Jaćimović, V. Đorđević, J. Miladinović, M. Vasiljević, P. Ranđelović, M. Ćeran: "Soybean nutritional quality: introduction of the winter cover crops in soybean rotations", p. 281 (vi) M. Vasiljević, V. Đorđević, J. Miladinović, S. Šeremešić, M. Ćeran, J. Kosanović, V. Aćin: "Organic and low input soybean production: role of winter cover crops in production systems and its effect on yield parameters", p. 364 (vii) M. Vasiljević, V. Đorđević, J. Miladinović, M. Bernhart, V. Meglič, I. Toncea, W. Vogt-Kaute: "ECOBREED participatory trials as valuable tool for farmer involvement in soybean breeding process", p. 365 (viii) J. Krstić, G. Malidža, M. Rajković, V. Đorđević, M. Zorić: "Competition between different soybean varieties and selected broadleaf invasive weeds", p. 495 (ix) J. Krstić, G. Malidža, M. Rajković, V. Đorđević, M. Zorić: "The influence of different densities of invasive weeds on the dry plant biomass of soybean", p. 496

Soybean is an important source of plant protein used in human diets. Cadmium (Cd) from agricultural soil is a toxic metal for plants, including soybean. Furthermore, cadmium is taken up to seeds and becomes a risk for animals and human by feed and food. A method to avoid this risk is the breeding of soybean cultivars with minimized cadmium accumulation. This work reports on the selection of soybean cultivars with low Cd-accumulation by marker assisted selection (MAS). We investigated the allele diversity of the Cda1 gene, in 22 soybean cultivars, using three DNA markers (SSR-Sack149, Gm-dCAPS-HMA1 and Cda1-KASP). The results showed that 11 genotypes carried the allele for low cadmium accumulation, 8 genotypes had the allele for high cadmium accumulation and three genotypes were heterozygous/heterogenous. All three markers classified the soybean genotypes in the same manner but KASP marker are more efficient in MAS for Cda1. This study offers valuable information to breeders and other researchers involved in soybean breeding., Published online at: https://www.incda-fundulea.ro/rar/rar40fol.html

Results of the ECOBREED Farmers Participatory Field Trials 2021 for common & durum wheat, potato, soybean and buckwheat. Published by the Agricultural Institute of Slovenia (Meglic V. & Zibrat-Gasparic A., eds.). Updated version includes also the inventory of farms which participated in the trial network in 2022. &nbsp

Leaf area index, normalized index of vegetation and yield are important traits affected by environmental factors. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of three different year on leaf area index, normalized index of vegetation and its implication on the winter wheat yield cultivated in organic farming system. Twenty wheat cultivars were sowing during 2016-2018 under rainfed conditions at National Agricultural Research and Development Institute Fundulea, Romania, on a cambic chernozem soil. Climatic conditions and cultivars strongly influenced all studied traits in this study. The highest leaf area index and NDVI were reached in 2016, while the lowest ones were recorded in organic farming system for all cultivars in 2018. In conditions of 2018 year LAI ranged from 1.6 (Bezostaia) to 3.1 m2/m2 (Glosa), reflecting less favorable conditions of water and nutrients supply than in 2016 when in the same genotypes the LAI values were 0.35 and 0.54, respectively. The correlations between leaf area index, normalized index of vegetation and yield obtained in experimental years, were very significantly positive, suggesting that a higher yield in organic farming system can be associated with capacity of cultivar for a higher leaf area to achieve a good ground cover.

The Business Model Canvas "Camelina omega 3 Plus" is a transpose in practice of the information from the best seller book "Business Model Generation - A handbook for Visionaries, Game Changers and Challengers" written by the Alexander OSTERWALDER & Yves PIGNEUR and of the knowledge accumulated from the complex and diverse activities carried on during project H2020 - EU RUR-09-2017 'Replicable business models for modern rural economies (RUBIZMO), financed under Grant Agreement No 773621, in which the Business Model Canvas is a basic tool. Firstly, the paper is focusing on a clear presentation of the structural elements (9) of the business model canvas - (PC) Key partners and partnerships, (AC) Key activities, (R-C) Key resources, (PV) Value propositions, (CA) Channels, (RC) Customer relationships, (SC) Customer segments, ($C) Costs structure and (FV) Revenue Streams. Further on it is presented the description, analysis and design of the Business Model Canvas "Camelina Omega 3 Plus", a case study for inspiration of those who are interested to develop or who are already running a sustainable business based on similar values as the company "Camelina Omega 3 Plus".

Europe's agriculture is highly specialized, dependent on external inputs and responsible for negative environmental impacts. Legume crops are grown on less than 2% of the arable land and more than 70% of the demand for protein feed supplement is imported from overseas. The integration of legumes into cropping systems has the potential to contribute to the transition to a more resource-efficient agriculture and reduce the current protein deficit. Legume crops influence the production of other crops in the rotation making it difficult to evaluate the overall agronomic effects of legumes in cropping systems. A novel assessment framework was developed and applied in five case study regions across Europe with the objective of evaluating trade-offs between economic and environmental effects of integrating legumes into cropping systems. Legumes resulted in positive and negative impacts when integrated into various cropping systems across the case studies. On average, cropping systems with legumes reduced nitrous oxide emissions by 18 and 33% and N fertilizer use by 24 and 38% in arable and forage systems, respectively, compared to systems without legumes. Nitrate leaching was similar with and without legumes in arable systems and reduced by 22% in forage systems. However, grain legumes reduced gross margins in 3 of 5 regions. Forage legumes increased gross margins in 3 of 3 regions. Among the cropping systems with legumes, systems could be identified that had both relatively high economic returns and positive environmental impacts. Thus, increasing the cultivation of legumes could lead to economic competitive cropping systems and positive environmental impacts, but achieving this aim requires the development of novel management strategies informed by the involvement of advisors and farmers.

Soil biological quality can affect key soil functions that support food production and environmental quality. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of crops and climatic conditions on soil biological quality in two contrasting agricultural cropping systems from South estern part of Romania. The experiment was bifactorial of type 2 x 4 in 3 repetitions, with A factor (farming system: a1 – organic farming; a2 – conventional farming system) and B (crops: b1 - soybean, b2 - winter wheat, b3 - maize, b4 - sunflower). Soil biological properties (respiration and biodegradation of celulose) were assessed at depths of 0-20 cm in 2012 during vegetation period of studied crops. Also, the chemical reaction of soil was tested. Compared to conventional system, organic farming system had greater chemical reaction of soil, high respiration and catalase activity of soil under 2012 year conditions.