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1. Using Classroom Talk to Understand Children's Search Processes for Tasks with Different Goals

Author

Rutter, Sophie, Clough, Paul D., and Toms, Elaine G.

Abstract

Introduction: This study provides insights into the talk (defined here as any verbal utterances issued during a search activity) that children (ages 10 and 11) engage in when finding information on the Internet for two teacher-assigned tasks with different search goals: a specific item task where the goal is to find particular information, and a general topical task where the goal is to find information on a topic but no specific information is looked for. Method: Eight children were observed interacting with their teacher and fellow classmates while using search systems in their classroom. Analysis: The talk captured in the classroom was analysed thematically and mapped onto an existing and established search process model. Results: While talk differed for the three key search sub-processes, most noticeable was how talk varied according to search goal. Discussion occurred during the specific item task when children were finding it difficult whereas discussion in the general topical task led children to extend the task. Conclusion: Children's search processes and the support they need are contingent on search goal. Recommendations are made to educators on how best to support children for the two key goal types.

Published
2019

10. Modeling the Information Behaviour of Software Engineers Using a Work-Task Framework

Author

Freund, Luanne, Toms, Elaine G., Waterhouse, Julie, and Grove, Andrew

Subjects
BH. Information needs and information requirements analysis., L. Information technology and library technology, IG. Information presentation: hypertext, hypermedia.
Abstract

Faced with the rapid proliferation of digital information resources within organizations, employees need targeted search systems in order to be effective in their jobs. The goal of this study is to develop a model of information behaviour within a work-task framework that can be used to inform the design of a workplace information search system. In a two-phase process, we conducted a series of studies using multiple methods to identify workplace characteristics and to understand how they influence the needs, search strategies, and information sources used by software engineers working as services consultants in a large high-tech company.

Published
2005

11. The Relationship Between User Perception and User Behaviour in Interactive Information Retrieval Evaluation

Author

Zhuang, Mengdie, Toms, Elaine G., Demartini, Gianluca, Hutchison, David, Series editor, Kanade, Takeo, Series editor, Kittler, Josef, Series editor, Kleinberg, Jon M., Series editor, Mattern, Friedemann, Series editor, Mitchell, John C., Series editor, Naor, Moni, Series editor, Pandu Rangan, C., Series editor, Steffen, Bernhard, Series editor, Terzopoulos, Demetri, Series editor, Tygar, Doug, Series editor, Weikum, Gerhard, Series editor, Ferro, Nicola, editor, Crestani, Fabio, editor, Moens, Marie-Francine, editor, Mothe, Josiane, editor, Silvestri, Fabrizio, editor, Di Nunzio, Giorgio Maria, editor, Hauff, Claudia, editor, and Silvello, Gianmaria, editor

Published
2016
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15. User-Oriented Information Retrieval

Author

Toms, Elaine G., Hutchison, David, Series editor, Kanade, Takeo, Series editor, Kittler, Josef, Series editor, Kleinberg, Jon M., Series editor, Mattern, Friedemann, Series editor, Mitchell, John C., Series editor, Naor, Moni, Series editor, Nierstrasz, Oscar, Series editor, Pandu Rangan, C., Series editor, Steffen, Bernhard, Series editor, Sudan, Madhu, Series editor, Terzopoulos, Demetri, Series editor, Tygar, Doug, Series editor, Vardi, Moshe Y., Series editor, Weikum, Gerhard, Series editor, Agosti, Maristella, editor, Ferro, Nicola, editor, Forner, Pamela, editor, Müller, Henning, editor, and Santucci, Giuseppe, editor

Published
2013
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16. Examining Group Work: Implications for the Digital Library as Sharium

Author

Toze, Sandra, Toms, Elaine G., Hutchison, David, editor, Kanade, Takeo, editor, Kittler, Josef, editor, Kleinberg, Jon M., editor, Mattern, Friedemann, editor, Mitchell, John C., editor, Naor, Moni, editor, Nierstrasz, Oscar, editor, Pandu Rangan, C., editor, Steffen, Bernhard, editor, Sudan, Madhu, editor, Terzopoulos, Demetri, editor, Tygar, Doug, editor, Vardi, Moshe Y., editor, Weikum, Gerhard, editor, Lalmas, Mounia, editor, Jose, Joemon, editor, Rauber, Andreas, editor, Sebastiani, Fabrizio, editor, and Frommholz, Ingo, editor

Published
2010
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18. Chance Encounters in the Digital Library

Author

Toms, Elaine G., McCay-Peet, Lori, Hutchison, David, Series editor, Kanade, Takeo, Series editor, Kittler, Josef, Series editor, Kleinberg, Jon M., Series editor, Mattern, Friedemann, Series editor, Mitchell, John C., Series editor, Naor, Moni, Series editor, Nierstrasz, Oscar, Series editor, Pandu Rangan, C., Series editor, Steffen, Bernhard, Series editor, Sudan, Madhu, Series editor, Terzopoulos, Demetri, Series editor, Tygar, Doug, Series editor, Vardi, Moshe Y., Series editor, Weikum, Gerhard, Series editor, Agosti, Maristella, editor, Borbinha, José, editor, Kapidakis, Sarantos, editor, Papatheodorou, Christos, editor, and Tsakonas, Giannis, editor

Published
2009
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19. wikiSearch – From Access to Use

Author

Toms, Elaine G., McCay-Peet, Lori, Mackenzie, R. Tayze, Hutchison, David, Series editor, Kanade, Takeo, Series editor, Kittler, Josef, Series editor, Kleinberg, Jon M., Series editor, Mattern, Friedemann, Series editor, Mitchell, John C., Series editor, Naor, Moni, Series editor, Nierstrasz, Oscar, Series editor, Pandu Rangan, C., Series editor, Steffen, Bernhard, Series editor, Sudan, Madhu, Series editor, Terzopoulos, Demetri, Series editor, Tygar, Doug, Series editor, Vardi, Moshe Y., Series editor, Weikum, Gerhard, Series editor, Agosti, Maristella, editor, Borbinha, José, editor, Kapidakis, Sarantos, editor, Papatheodorou, Christos, editor, and Tsakonas, Giannis, editor

Published
2009
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20. Task Effects on Interactive Search: The Query Factor

Author

Toms, Elaine G., O’Brien, Heather, Mackenzie, Tayze, Jordan, Chris, Freund, Luanne, Toze, Sandra, Dawe, Emilie, MacNutt, Alexandra, Hutchison, David, editor, Kanade, Takeo, editor, Kittler, Josef, editor, Kleinberg, Jon M., editor, Mattern, Friedemann, editor, Mitchell, John C., editor, Naor, Moni, editor, Nierstrasz, Oscar, editor, Pandu Rangan, C., editor, Steffen, Bernhard, editor, Sudan, Madhu, editor, Terzopoulos, Demetri, editor, Tygar, Doug, editor, Vardi, Moshe Y., editor, Weikum, Gerhard, editor, Fuhr, Norbert, editor, Kamps, Jaap, editor, Lalmas, Mounia, editor, and Trotman, Andrew, editor

Published
2008
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21. Searching for Relevance in the Relevance of Search

Author

Toms, Elaine G., O’Brien, Heather L., Kopak, Rick, Freund, Luanne, Hutchison, David, editor, Kanade, Takeo, editor, Kittler, Josef, editor, Kleinberg, Jon M., editor, Mattern, Friedemann, editor, Mitchell, John C., editor, Naor, Moni, editor, Nierstrasz, Oscar, editor, Pandu Rangan, C., editor, Steffen, Bernhard, editor, Sudan, Madhu, editor, Terzopoulos, Demetri, editor, Tygar, Dough, editor, Vardi, Moshe Y., editor, Weikum, Gerhard, editor, Crestani, Fabio, editor, and Ruthven, Ian, editor

Published
2005
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23. Priming the Query Specification Process.

Author

Toms, Elaine G. and Freund, Luanne

Abstract

Tests the use of questions as a technique in the query specification process. Using a within-subjects design, 48 people interacted with a modified Google interface to solve four information problems in four domains. Half the tasks were entered as typical keyword queries, and half as questions or statements. Results suggest the typical search box is a barrier to the creation of enriched queries. (Author/AEF)

Published
2003

24. ASIST 2002: Information, Connections and Community. Proceedings of the ASIST Annual Meeting (65th, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, November 18-21, 2002).

Author

American Society for Information Science and Technology, Silver Spring, MD., Toms, Elaine G., Toms, Elaine G., and American Society for Information Science and Technology, Silver Spring, MD.

Abstract

The theme of the 2002 ASIST (American Society for Information Science and Technology) annual conference was "Knowledge, Connections and Community," which covers the role of information in a complex global society and the way in which information connects and impacts our environment. The program included 43 SIG (Special Interest Group) programs, 49 contributed papers, and 17 posters presentations. Topics include: bibliometrics; collaboration and communication; education; information policy; information retrieval; information use; metadata; search strategies; social issues; user interfaces; user models; users and information technology; virtual information retrieval; World Wide Web information retrieval; and Webmetrics. This proceedings volume is arranged in three parts. Part 1 consists of contributed papers arranged by broad topic area. Part 2 is comprised of SIG and panel sessions in the order of presentation. Part 3 includes the poster sessions, again according to order of delivery at the conference. (The keynote address and plenary address are not included in the proceedings.) Includes the conference schedule and author/speaker and subject indexes. (MES)

Published
2002

25. Information Interaction: Providing a Framework for Information Architecture.

Author

Toms, Elaine G.

Abstract

Discussion of information architecture focuses on a model of information interaction that bridges the gap between human and computer and between information behavior and information retrieval. Illustrates how the process of information interaction is affected by the user, the system, and the content. (Contains 93 references.) (LRW)

Published
2002

28. Usability of the Academic Library Web Site: Implications for Design.

Author

McGillis, Louise and Toms, Elaine G.

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to assess usability of an academic library Web site and to better understand how faculty and students complete typical tasks using one. Despite their success in completing the tasks, participants experienced difficulties in knowing where to start and with the site's information architecture-in particular while interpreting categories and labels. (AEF)

Published
2001

29. Does Genre Define the Shape of Information? The Role of Form and Function in User Interaction with Digital Documents.

Author

Toms, Elaine G., Campbell, D. Grant, and Blades, Ruth

Abstract

To test the concept of "shape of information," 72 participants (half from an academic setting, half from the general public) examined 24 documents typically used in the academic environment. Results indicated that when document shape was evident, the document was immediately discernible to participants; when participants were required to read semantic content for a gist of the document and an extrapolation of its contents, it took more time. (Author/AEF)

Published
1999

30. Free-Nets: Delivering Information to the Community.

Author

Toms, Elaine G.

Abstract

Examines Free-Net, and discusses its development and usefulness in delivering the information and services typically provided by community information centers. Discussion includes 10 characteristics of Free-Nets; and sidebars include selected examples of Free-Nets, how to try out a Free-Net, and a sample of Cleveland Free-Net=FEs main menu. (24 references) (KRN)

Published
1994

32. Encouraging Serendipity in Interactive Systems

Author

Makri, Stephann, Toms, Elaine G., McCay-Peet, Lori, Blandford, Ann, Hutchison, David, editor, Kanade, Takeo, editor, Kittler, Josef, editor, Kleinberg, Jon M., editor, Mattern, Friedemann, editor, Mitchell, John C., editor, Naor, Moni, editor, Nierstrasz, Oscar, editor, Pandu Rangan, C., editor, Steffen, Bernhard, editor, Sudan, Madhu, editor, Terzopoulos, Demetri, editor, Tygar, Doug, editor, Vardi, Moshe Y., editor, Weikum, Gerhard, editor, Campos, Pedro, editor, Graham, Nicholas, editor, Jorge, Joaquim, editor, Nunes, Nuno, editor, Palanque, Philippe, editor, and Winckler, Marco, editor

Published
2011
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33. How consumers search for health information

Author

Toms, Elaine G. and Latter, Celeste

Subjects
Consumer behavior -- Evaluation -- Usage, Computers and office automation industries, Health, Evaluation, Usage
Abstract

To date most of the research concerning consumer health information has focused on trust and quality of health information websites. In this research, we observed 48 consumers searching for four [...]

Published
2007

38. 'Would You Trust Your IR System to Choose Your Date?' Re-thinking IR Evaluation in the 21st Century

Author

Toms, Elaine G., Hutchison, David, Series editor, Kanade, Takeo, Series editor, Kittler, Josef, Series editor, Kleinberg, Jon M., Series editor, Mattern, Friedemann, Series editor, Mitchell, John C., Series editor, Naor, Moni, Series editor, Nierstrasz, Oscar, Series editor, Pandu Rangan, C., Series editor, Steffen, Bernhard, Series editor, Sudan, Madhu, Series editor, Terzopoulos, Demetri, Series editor, Tygar, Doug, Series editor, Vardi, Moshe Y., Series editor, Weikum, Gerhard, Series editor, Forner, Pamela, editor, Gonzalo, Julio, editor, Kekäläinen, Jaana, editor, Lalmas, Mounia, editor, and de Rijke, Marteen, editor

Published
2011
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44. Developing a protocol for bioinformatics analysis: an integrated information behavior and task analysis approach

Author

Bartlett, Joan C. and Toms, Elaine G.

Subjects
Scientists -- Information management, Scientists -- Research, Scientists -- Methods, Problem solving -- Methods, Electronic data processing -- Management, Computational biology -- Research, Computational biology -- Information management, Company systems management, Company business management, Computers, Library and information science, Mathematics
Abstract

The process and methods used by the bioinformatics scientists for solving the problem in the research are analyzed. The techniques used for data analysis and information management are discussed.

Published
2005

45. WiIRE: the Web interactive information retrieval experimentation system prototype

Author

Toms, Elaine G., Freund, Luanne, and Li, Cara

Subjects
Internet/Web search services -- Usage, New products, Text search and retrieval software, Internet/Web search service, Internet search software, New technique, Business, Computers and office automation industries
Abstract

We introduce WiIRE, a prototype system for conducting interactive information retrieval (IIR) experiments via the Internet. We conceived WiIRE to increase validity while streamlining procedures and adding efficiencies to the conduct of IIR experiments. The system incorporates password-controlled access, online questionnaires, study instructions and tutorials, conditional interface assignment, and conditional query assignment as well as provision for data collection. As an initial evaluation, we used WiIRE inhouse to conduct a Web-based IIR experiment using an external search engine with customized search interfaces and the TREC 11 Interactive Track search queries. Our evaluation of the prototype indicated significant cost efficiencies in the conduct of IIR studies, and additionally had some novel findings about the human perspective: about half participants would have preferred some personal contact with the researcher, and participants spent a significantly decreasing amount of time on tasks over the course of a session. Keywords: Interactive information retrieval; Web-based experimentation

Published
2004

46. Information Interaction: Providing a Framework for Information Architecture

Author

Toms, Elaine G.

Subjects
Information systems -- Usage, World Wide Web -- Usage, Computers, Library and information science, Mathematics
Abstract

The author examines information architecture and its' relation to information interaction. She also gives information on information interaction including the foundation and its' roots.

Published
2002

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