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Objective: The study aimed to determine the relationship between knee extension torque induced by repetitive peripheral magnetic stimulation and the characteristics of the participants. Design: This was a basic study with noninvasive intervention. Knee extension torque induced by repetitive peripheral magnetic stimulation (repetitive peripheral magnetic stimulation–induced torque) and maximum voluntary contraction were measured. Stepwise method of multiple regression was performed to determine the factors affecting repetitive peripheral magnetic stimulation–induced torque at 100% intensity and repetitive peripheral magnetic stimulation–induced torque divided by maximum voluntary contraction (percent maximum voluntary contraction). Subcutaneous fat thickness, vastus lateralis muscle thickness measured by ultrasound, maximum voluntary contraction, and mean power frequency of electromyography during maximum voluntary contraction were selected as independent variables. Results: Repetitive peripheral magnetic stimulation was applied to the right vastus lateralis of 30 young healthy adults (average age, 21.1 ± 0.3 yrs). In the multiple regression analysis, repetitive peripheral magnetic stimulation–induced torque (P < 0.001) was shown to be independently and significantly associated with maximum voluntary contraction (β = 0.510), subcutaneous fat thickness (β = −0.358), and vastus lateralis muscle thickness (β = 0.208), while percent maximum voluntary contraction value (P < 0.05) was independently and significantly associated with vastus lateralis muscle thickness (β = 1.059). Conclusions: Repetitive peripheral magnetic stimulation–induced torque decreases with thicker subcutaneous fat and increases with stronger maximum voluntary contraction or with thicker muscle. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Bone metastasis due to gastric cancer is rare, and the clinical features have not been fully evaluated. We investigated the clinical features, treatment outcomes, and prognostic factors in gastric cancer patients with bone metastasis. Methods: We retrospectively collected data on 34 consecutive patients who were diagnosed radiologically with bone metastasis due to gastric cancer. We estimated the overall survival after the diagnosis of bone metastasis using the Kaplan-Meier product-limit method and evaluated which clinicopathological factors were associated with prognostic factors for survival using univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression models. Results: The treatment for the primary tumor was surgery in 16 patients (47.1%) and chemotherapy in 18 patients (52.9%). The median serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels at the time of bone metastasis were 375.5 and 249 IU/L, respectively. Ten patients (29.4%) were diagnosed with bone metastasis and gastric cancer at the same time. The 6-month survival rate after the diagnosis of bone metastasis was 63.8%, and the median survival time was 227.5 days. Multivariate analysis revealed that metachronous metastasis (p = 0.035) and extraosseous metastasis (p = 0.028) were significant risk factors for poor survival. Conclusions: The prognosis of gastric cancer with bone metastasis was poor, and metachronous metastasis and extraosseous metastasis were shown to be poor prognostic factors. Serum ALP, LDH, and tumor markers are not always high, so aggressive diagnosis using appropriate modalities such as bone scan, MRI, or PET-CT may be necessary in routine practice even in asymptomatic patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]