24 results on '"Tomohiro Nishio"'
Search Results
2. Spoken Document Retrieval Experiments for SpokenQuery&Doc at Ryukoku University (RYSDT).
- Author
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Hiroaki Nanjo, Takehiko Yoshimi, Sho Maeda, and Tomohiro Nishio
- Published
- 2014
3. Spoken Document Retrieval Experiments for SpokenDoc-2 at Ryukoku University (RYSDT).
- Author
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Hiroaki Nanjo, Tomohiro Nishio, and Takehiko Yoshimi
- Published
- 2013
4. Current status of JAEA-AMS-TONO in the 20th year
- Author
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Natsuko Fujita, N. Isozaki, Takahiro Watanabe, Tsuneari Ishimaru, N. Okabe, Motohisa Kato, Yoko Saito-Kokubu, Tomohiro Nishio, Chika Ishizaka, Akihiro Matsubara, H. Torazawa, Akimitsu Nishizawa, and M. Miyake
- Subjects
Current (stream) ,010506 paleontology ,Nuclear and High Energy Physics ,Waste management ,Radioactive waste ,Environmental science ,010501 environmental sciences ,01 natural sciences ,Instrumentation ,Groundwater ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences - Abstract
JAEA-AMS-TONO has been in operation at the Tono Geoscience Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency since 1998 and 20 years have passed from the beginning of its utilization. The AMS has been used to measure 14C, 10Be and 26Al. The main use is measurement of 14C in geological samples for dating studies in neotectonics and hydrogeology, in support of the research on geosphere stability applicable to the long-term isolation of high-level radioactive waste. In order to increase the speed of sample preparation, we introduced an automated graphitization equipment and made a gas-strip line to collect dissolved inorganic carbon in groundwater samples. Measurement of 10Be and 26Al has been used for geoscience studies and the detection limit in the measurement of 10Be was improved. Recently optimization of AMS settings for 129I-AMS has been progressed.
- Published
- 2019
5. Influences of Diamines on the Morphologies and the Chemical, Thermal, and Mechanical Properties of Polyurethane-Imide Elastomers
- Author
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Tomohiro Ueda, Inoue Shinichi, and Tomohiro Nishio
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Pyromellitic dianhydride ,Thermogravimetric analysis ,Materials science ,Solution polymerization ,02 engineering and technology ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Isocyanate ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Differential scanning calorimetry ,020401 chemical engineering ,chemistry ,Polymerization ,Diamine ,Polymer chemistry ,0204 chemical engineering ,0210 nano-technology ,Polyurethane - Abstract
Polyurethane-imide elastomers (PUIEs) are formed from isocyanate, polyol, acid anhydride, and diamine by liquid polymerization. Unfortunately, many of the diamines have rarely been applied to the formation of PUIEs. Hence, investigating the effect of diamines on PUIEs remains a challenge in polymer chemistry. Herein, PUIEs prepared from 4,4'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI), polytetramethylene glycol (Mw: 1000), pyromellitic dianhydride, and aromatic diamines (such as p-phenylene diamine, 4,4'-oxydianiline, and 1,3-bis(4-aminophenoxy)benzene), and aliphatic diamines (such as 1,2-ethylene diamine, 1,6-hexamethylene diamine, and 1,12-dodecamethylene diamine) were synthesized by liquid polymerization. The morphologies and the chemical, thermal, and mechanical properties of the various PUIEs were investigated. The obtained elastomeric sheets were characterized in terms of the following tests and methods: solubility and swelling tests, X-ray diffraction and differential scanning calorimetry, dynamic mechanical analysis and thermogravimetric analysis, tensile tests, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, infrared spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy, contact angle microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy
- Published
- 2017
6. Synchronized gravitational slope deformation and active faulting: A case study on and around the Neodani fault, central Japan
- Author
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Satoru Kojima, Heitaro Kaneda, Tomohiro Nishio, Tomoki Tanaka, Tsutomu Inoue, and Keitaro Komura
- Subjects
geography ,geography.geographical_feature_category ,010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences ,Deformation (mechanics) ,Paleoseismology ,Excavation ,Active fault ,Fault (geology) ,010502 geochemistry & geophysics ,01 natural sciences ,Trench ,Geology ,Seismology ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,Earth-Surface Processes - Abstract
Earthquakes are considered to be important triggers of deep-seated gravitational slope deformation (DGSD) in seismically active regions, and if that is the case, DGSD features could be candidates for off-fault paleoseismology investigations. On the basis of pit excavations and sediment cores at an off-fault DGSD site and a trench excavation across the active Neodani fault at a nearby site, we examined the records of DGSD and surface-rupturing paleoearthquakes of the Neodani fault. The four most recent DGSD events were dated at after 240 cal BP, 1710–340 cal BP, 4730–3970 cal BP, and 5570–5340 cal BP. The four most recent surface-rupturing earthquakes were dated at 1891 CE (the Nobi earthquake), 2010–1220 cal BP, 7180–2110 cal BP, and before 9540 cal BP. We conclude that the ages of the four DGSD events are consistent with surface-rupturing earthquakes on the adjacent Neodani fault. We infer that static crustal strain from repeated seismogenic faulting plays an important role in the occurrence of DGSD events, at least in the immediate vicinity of active faults, although coseismic severe shaking would have at least some effect on them. Our case study suggests that off-fault DGSDs can be used to reconstruct or refine the paleoseismic history of a nearby active fault. We propose that an ideal DGSD for that purpose would be located in an area of concentrated strain near a termination, bend, or stepover of the target fault.
- Published
- 2020
7. Rapid Detection of the Macrolide Sensitivity of Pneumonia-Causing Mycoplasma pneumoniae Using Quenching Probe Polymerase Chain Reaction (GENECUBE
- Author
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Keiichi Uemura, Yutaka Ito, Akira Kubota, Toshiko Kubota, Ryosuke Shiozawa, Tomohiro Nishio, Satoru Iwashima, Soichiro Yata, and Satoshi Hayano
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0301 basic medicine ,Mycoplasma pneumoniae ,medicine.drug_class ,030106 microbiology ,Antibiotics ,medicine.disease_cause ,Polymerase Chain Reaction ,law.invention ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Pharmacotherapy ,23S ribosomal RNA ,law ,030225 pediatrics ,Genetics ,medicine ,Humans ,Polymerase chain reaction ,Retrospective Studies ,Pharmacology ,business.industry ,Retrospective cohort study ,General Medicine ,Pneumonia ,Ribosomal RNA ,medicine.disease ,Virology ,Anti-Bacterial Agents ,Molecular Medicine ,Macrolides ,business - Abstract
Macrolide-resistant Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MR-MP) have been reported worldwide. Strategies for the treatment of MR-MP are a key focus of research. The GENECUBE® is a novel, fully automated rapid genetic analyzer. The goals of this study were to assess the macrolide sensitivity of M. pneumoniae (MP) isolates by analyzing 23S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene sequences using a GENECUBE®-based system and to determine the validity of this system in determining clinical treatment options for MP pneumonia. This was an observational retrospective study including 150 children with MP pneumonia. We used quenching probe polymerase chain reaction (Q-probe PCR) as implemented in the GENECUBE® system to detect macrolide resistance-causing mutations in the MP 23S rRNA gene. We compared the duration of fever between patients receiving initial empirical antibiotic treatment (Empirical T group) and those receiving treatment after Q-probe PCR (PCR First group) diagnosis. Selecting antibiotic treatment after Q-probe PCR significantly shortened the duration of fever compared to empirical antibiotic treatment (PCR First group, median: 6.0 days [n = 32]; Empirical T group, median: 7.5 days [n = 66]; p = 0.002). Comparison of macrolide sensitivity using Q-probe PCR and clinical diagnosis showed that the reliability of Q-probe PCR was nearly validated for macrolide sensitivity. Q-probe PCR as implemented by GENECUBE® is a useful tool for the diagnosis of MP pneumonia and enables optimization of the selection of antibiotics in order to rapidly improve the clinical course of disease.
- Published
- 2018
8. Progress on multi-nuclide AMS of JAEA-AMS-TONO
- Author
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Tomohiro Nishio, Tatsumi Hanaki, Katsuki Sanada, Masayasu Miyake, Akimitsu Nishizawa, Yoshio Ohwaki, Yoko Saito-Kokubu, and Akihiro Matsubara
- Subjects
Nuclear physics ,Nuclear and High Energy Physics ,Nuclear engineering ,Environmental science ,Radioactive waste ,Nuclide ,Cosmogenic nuclide ,Instrumentation - Abstract
The JAEA-AMS-TONO (Japan Atomic Energy Agency’s Accelerator Mass Spectrometer established at the Tono Geoscience Center) facility has been used for the dating of geological samples. The AMS system is versatile, based on a 5 MV tandem Pelletron-type accelerator. Since its establishment in 1997, the AMS system has been used for measurement of carbon-14 (14C) mainly for 14C dating studies in neotectonics and hydrogeology, in support of JAEA’s research on geosphere stability applicable to the long-term isolation of high-level radioactive waste. Results of the measurement of 14C in soils and plants has been applied to the dating of fault activity and volcanism. Development of beryllium-10 (10Be) and aluminum-26 (26Al) AMS systems are now underway to enhance the capability of the multi-nuclide AMS in studies of dating by cosmogenic nuclides. The 10Be-AMS system has already been used for routine measurements in applied studies and improvements of the measurement technique have been made. Now we plan to fine tune the system and perform test measurements to develop the 26Al-AMS system.
- Published
- 2015
9. Epidemiological Evidence of Lesser Role of Thermostable Direct Hemolysin (TDH)–Related Hemolysin (TRH) Than TDH onVibrio parahaemolyticusPathogenicity
- Author
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Akio Hasegawa, Yoshimitsu Otomo, Hiroshi Nakagawa, Tomohiro Nishio, Eisuke Tokuoka, Hirotaka Konuma, Yoshiko Sugita-Konishi, Kanji Sugiyama, Shioko Saito, Yoshito Iwade, Emiko Araki, Yukiko Hara-Kudo, and Hiroyuki Tanaka
- Subjects
endocrine system ,Hot Temperature ,animal structures ,Virulence Factors ,Bacterial Toxins ,Virulence ,Biology ,Polymerase Chain Reaction ,Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology ,Microbiology ,Disease Outbreaks ,Hemolysin Proteins ,Bacterial Proteins ,Japan ,Animals ,Humans ,Shellfish Poisoning ,Crassostrea ,Gene ,Shellfish ,Protein Stability ,Vibrio parahaemolyticus ,food and beverages ,Hemolysin ,Pathogenicity ,Thermostable direct hemolysin ,biology.organism_classification ,Virology ,Bivalvia ,Electrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-Field ,Molecular Typing ,Vibrio Infections ,Animal Science and Zoology ,Arcidae ,hormones, hormone substitutes, and hormone antagonists ,Food Science - Abstract
Vibrio parahaemolyticus carrying the tdh gene, encoding the thermostable direct hemolysin (TDH), or the trh gene, encoding the TDH-related hemolysin (TRH), are both considered virulent strains. There are, however, disproportionally fewer reports of infections caused by seafood contaminated with trh-positive strains than by seafood contaminated with tdh-positive strains. Bivalves such as clams and oysters are the major seafood varieties associated with the infections. In this study, the prevalence of strains possessing the tdh and trh genes was investigated in Japan in 74 samples collected in 2007-2008 and in 177 samples collected in 2010 of domestic bivalves, bloody clams, hen clams, short-neck clams, and rock oysters. The tdh-positive and trh-negative, tdh-negative and trh-positive, and tdh-positive and trh-positive samples represented 5.4%, 12.2%, and 4.1% of all samples collected in 2007-2008, and 5.1%, 18.6%, and 5.6% of all samples collected in 2010, respectively. As determined by polymerase chain reaction, the prevalence of tdh negative and trh positive in all samples was two to four times higher than that of tdh positive and trh negative. In the samples collected in 2010, the tdh-negative and trh-positive V. parahaemolyticus (20 samples) was more often isolated than tdh-positive and trh-negative V. parahaemolyticus (7 samples). The most common serotype of tdh-positive isolates (22 of 24 strains) was pandemic O3:K6. The trh-positive isolates (61 strains) were various serotypes including OUT:KUT. In 330 V. parahaemolyticus outbreaks and sporadic infections in Japan, most outbreaks and sporadic infections were caused by tdh-positive and trh-negative strains (89.4%). The frequencies of infections caused by tdh-negative and trh-positive, and both tdh- and trh-positive strains were 1.2% and 3.0%, respectively. This finding suggests that the virulence of trh might be less than that of tdh, although trh-positive V. parahaemolyticus frequently contaminated bivalves.
- Published
- 2015
10. Molecular Detection Methods for Vibrio parahaemolyticus in Seafood
- Author
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Kayoko Ohtsuka, Midori Oda, Kanji Sugiyama, Yukiko Hara-Kudo, and Tomohiro Nishio
- Subjects
Vibrio parahaemolyticus ,Extraction (chemistry) ,Loop-mediated isothermal amplification ,food and beverages ,General Medicine ,Nucleic acid amplification technique ,Biology ,biology.organism_classification ,DNA extraction ,Molecular biology ,law.invention ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Real-time polymerase chain reaction ,chemistry ,law ,Polymerase chain reaction ,DNA - Abstract
To detect Vibrio parahaemolyticus in seafood, we evaluated efficient combinations of molecular methods with DNA extraction methods using heat extraction and alkaline heat extraction, and PCR, real-time PCR and loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assays were performed targeting V parahaemolyticus species-specific genes (tlh and rpoD) and pathogenic factors genes (tdh and trh). The species-specific genes were detected in all combinations of two strains (a tdh * trh1-positive strain and a trh2-positive strain), two kinds of shellfish (oyster and bloody clams) and molecular methods with tlh-real time PCR or rpoD-LAMP assays with DNA of alkaline heat extraction at 85-145cfu/test level. tdh was detected in both seafoods with real time PCR assay with DNA of heat extraction at 85cfu/test level, and detected with the LAMP and real time PCR assays with DNA of alkaline heat extraction at 85cfu/test level. Detection of both trh1 and trh2 with the PCR assay with DNA of alkaline heat extraction was comparatively high though trh2 was detected with the LAMP assay with DNA of alkaline heat extraction at 145cfu/test level. It, however, is necessary to investigate more sensitive trh-detection methods. In this study, the results indicated that tlh-real time PCR or rpoD-LAMP, tdh-real time PCR and tdh-LAMP assays with DNA of alkaline heat extraction are relatively-sensitive methods to detect V. parahaemolyticus in seafood.
- Published
- 2015
11. Characteristics of a sharp decrease in Vibrio parahaemolyticus infections and seafood contamination in Japan
- Author
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Tomohiro Nishio, Kayoko Ohtsuka, Kanji Sugiyama, Shihoko Saito, Yoshimitsu Otomo, Hiroshi Nakagawa, Yoshito Iwade, Hiroyuki Tanaka, Hirotaka Konuma, Shogo Yamasaki, Yoshiko Sugita-Konishi, Yukiko Hara-Kudo, Shunsuke Yahiro, and Susumu Kumagai
- Subjects
Serotype ,Vibrio parahaemolyticus ,food and beverages ,Outbreak ,Food Contamination ,General Medicine ,Contamination ,Biology ,Thermostable direct hemolysin ,biology.organism_classification ,Polymerase Chain Reaction ,Microbiology ,Disease Outbreaks ,Electrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-Field ,Japan ,Seafood ,Vibrio Infections ,Pandemic ,Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis ,Humans ,Serotyping ,Food Science - Abstract
Vibrio parahaemolyticus has been one of the most important foodborne pathogens in Japan since the 1960s, and a large epidemic was caused by the pandemic serotype O3:K6 from 1997 to 2001. V. parahaemolyticus infections, however, have sharply declined since that time. Data on serotypes isolated from 977 outbreaks were collected and analysed. Total and pathogenic, thermostable direct hemolysin (TDH) gene-positive V. parahaemolyticus were qualitatively and quantitatively detected in 842 seafood samples from wholesale markets in 2007–2009. Strains isolated from patients and seafood were analysed by serotyping, tdh -PCR, group-specific PCR for pandemic strains, and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). The sharp decrease in the infections from 1999 onwards was noted not only for O3:K6 infections but also for other serotypes. The change in the seafood contamination situation from 2001 to 2007–2009 was characterised by a decrease to three-fourths in the frequency of tdh -positive samples, although that decrease was small compared to the 18-fold decrease in the cases of V. parahaemolyticus outbreaks. PFGE detected the pandemic O3:K6 serotype in the same profile in seafood and patients from 1998 to the present. Because of no large decrease in seafood contamination by V. parahaemolyticus from the production to distribution stages and the presence of pandemic O3:K6 serotype in seafood to the present, it was suggested that the change of seafood contamination was unrelated to the sharp decrease in V. parahaemolyticus infections. V. parahaemolyticus infections might be prevented at the stages after the distribution stage.
- Published
- 2012
12. [Molecular Detection Methods for Vibrio parahaemolyticus in Seafood]
- Author
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Tomohiro, Nishio, Kayoko, Ohtsuka, Midori, Oda, Kanji, Sugiyama, and Yukiko, Hara-Kudo
- Subjects
Seafood ,Animals ,Vibrio parahaemolyticus ,Nucleic Acid Amplification Techniques ,Polymerase Chain Reaction - Abstract
To detect Vibrio parahaemolyticus in seafood, we evaluated efficient combinations of molecular methods with DNA extraction methods using heat extraction and alkaline heat extraction, and PCR, real-time PCR and loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assays were performed targeting V parahaemolyticus species-specific genes (tlh and rpoD) and pathogenic factors genes (tdh and trh). The species-specific genes were detected in all combinations of two strains (a tdh * trh1-positive strain and a trh2-positive strain), two kinds of shellfish (oyster and bloody clams) and molecular methods with tlh-real time PCR or rpoD-LAMP assays with DNA of alkaline heat extraction at 85-145cfu/test level. tdh was detected in both seafoods with real time PCR assay with DNA of heat extraction at 85cfu/test level, and detected with the LAMP and real time PCR assays with DNA of alkaline heat extraction at 85cfu/test level. Detection of both trh1 and trh2 with the PCR assay with DNA of alkaline heat extraction was comparatively high though trh2 was detected with the LAMP assay with DNA of alkaline heat extraction at 145cfu/test level. It, however, is necessary to investigate more sensitive trh-detection methods. In this study, the results indicated that tlh-real time PCR or rpoD-LAMP, tdh-real time PCR and tdh-LAMP assays with DNA of alkaline heat extraction are relatively-sensitive methods to detect V. parahaemolyticus in seafood.
- Published
- 2015
13. Accidental Mechanical Asphyxia from a Window-Blind Cord
- Author
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Tomohiro Nishio, Kazuna Yamamoto, Ryousuke Shiozawa, Satoru Iwashima, and Akira Kubota
- Subjects
Asphyxia ,Cord ,Injury control ,business.industry ,Accident prevention ,010401 analytical chemistry ,Window (computing) ,Poison control ,01 natural sciences ,0104 chemical sciences ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Anesthesia ,Accidental ,Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health ,Medicine ,030216 legal & forensic medicine ,medicine.symptom ,business - Published
- 2018
14. Synthesis and properties of hydrogenated natural rubber
- Author
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Inoue Shinichi and Tomohiro Nishio
- Subjects
Materials science ,Ozonolysis ,Polymers and Plastics ,Vulcanization ,chemistry.chemical_element ,General Chemistry ,Peroxide ,Surfaces, Coatings and Films ,Catalysis ,Rhodium ,law.invention ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,chemistry ,Natural rubber ,law ,visual_art ,Polymer chemistry ,Materials Chemistry ,visual_art.visual_art_medium ,Triphenylphosphine ,Glass transition - Abstract
A series of hydrogenated natural rubbers, HNRs, were prepared by homogenous hydrogenation using H2 gas with a rhodium catalyst (chlorotris(triphenylphosphine)rhodium) in toluene. The HNRs were linear polymers with molecular weights greater than 800,000. These rubbers were vulcanized using sulfur and peroxide compounds. Vulcanized 100% HNR has a low glass transition temperature (Tg = −43°C) and excellent abrasion resistance, and is resistant to oxidation and ozonolysis ageing. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 103: 3957–3963, 2007
- Published
- 2006
15. Low-lying singlet states of carotenoids having 8–13 conjugated double bonds as determined by electronic absorption spectroscopy
- Author
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Jian-Ping Zhang, Yasushi Koyama, Ryosuke Nakamura, Hideki Hashimoto, Tomohiro Nishio, Yasuo Kanematsu, Peng Wang, and Hiroyoshi Nagae
- Subjects
chemistry.chemical_classification ,Absorption spectroscopy ,Chemistry ,Analytical chemistry ,General Physics and Astronomy ,Conjugated system ,Resonance (chemistry) ,Crystallography ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,symbols.namesake ,symbols ,Singlet state ,Physical and Theoretical Chemistry ,Raman spectroscopy ,Carotenoid ,Excitation ,Neurosporene - Abstract
Electronic absorption spectra were recorded at room temperature in solutions of carotenoids having different numbers of conjugated double bonds, n = 8–13, including a spheroidene derivatives, neurosporene, spheroidene, lycopene, anhydrorhodovibrin and spirilloxanthin. The vibronic states of 1 B u + ( v = 0 – 4 ) , 2 A g - ( v = 0 – 3 ) , 3 A g - (0) and 1 B u - (0) were clearly identified. The arrangement of the four electronic states determined by electronic absorption spectroscopy was identical to that determined by measurement of resonance Raman excitation profiles [K. Furuichi et al., Chem. Phys. Lett. 356 (2002) 547] for carotenoids in crystals.
- Published
- 2005
16. Excitation energy dependence of excited states dynamics in all-trans-carotenes determined by femtosecond absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy
- Author
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Hideki Hashimoto, Kazuhiro Yanagi, Daisuke Kosumi, Masayuki Yoshizawa, and Tomohiro Nishio
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Chemistry ,Physics::Optics ,General Physics and Astronomy ,Fluorescence ,Fluorescence spectroscopy ,Photoexcitation ,Picosecond ,Excited state ,Femtosecond ,Physics::Chemical Physics ,Physical and Theoretical Chemistry ,Atomic physics ,Absorption (electromagnetic radiation) ,Excitation - Abstract
Ultrafast relaxation kinetics in β-carotene and lycopene has been investigated by femtosecond absorption and fluorescence spectroscopies using tunable excitation pulses. The transient signals induced by the photoexcitation with larger excess energy have broader bands and longer lifetimes both in the 1 1 B u + and 2 1 A g - excited states. The excess vibrational energy remains longer than several picoseconds and slows the relaxation kinetics in carotenoids.
- Published
- 2005
17. Current status of the AMS facility at the Tono Geoscience Center of the Japan Atomic Energy Agency
- Author
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Tomohiro Nishio, Mototaka Suzuki, Koji Umeda, Yoko Saito-Kokubu, Y. Ohwaki, Akihiro Matsubara, T. Saito, Tatsumi Hanaki, Tsuneari Ishimaru, and Akimitsu Nishizawa
- Subjects
Current (stream) ,Nuclear and High Energy Physics ,Light nucleus ,Earth science ,Atomic energy ,Ionization detector ,Measuring instrument ,Environmental science ,Radioactive waste ,Center (algebra and category theory) ,Exposure age ,Instrumentation - Abstract
The JAEA-AMS-TONO system is routinely used for 14 C measurements at Tono Geoscience Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA) and applied to neotectonics and hydrogeology, in support of research on geosphere stability applicable to the long-term isolation of high-level radioactive waste. 10 Be AMS has been developed for geochronological studies to estimate sedimentation rates and exposure age of basement rocks, incorporating a gas ionization detector with a large-volume gas absorber cell. Test measurements on 14 C and 10 Be reference materials show the system’s performance and suitability for application in the geosciences.
- Published
- 2013
18. Chemical characterization of stream water on the Tibetan Plateau
- Author
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Hiroshi Tsuno, Yoshifumi Sogi, Toshitada Fujita, Tomohiro Nishio, Muneoki Yoh, Tetsuo Yoshikawa, Atsushi Numaguchi, and Yukiko Dokiya
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geography ,Plateau ,geography.geographical_feature_category ,Geochemistry ,Environmental science ,Analytical Chemistry ,Characterization (materials science) - Published
- 2001
19. Isolation ofCoxiella burnetiifrom Children with Influenza-Like Symptoms in Japan
- Author
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To Ho, Hiroshi Hattori, Sousuke Akahane, Hideto Fukushi, Masaaki Sugieda, Tomohiro Nishio, Hiromi Nagaoka, Masato Akiyama, and Katsuya Hirai
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Immunology ,Q fever ,Microbiology ,Giemsa stain ,Rickettsiaceae ,Cell Line ,Dogs ,Japan ,Antigen ,Virology ,Influenza, Human ,medicine ,Animals ,Humans ,Child ,biology ,bacterial infections and mycoses ,medicine.disease ,Coxiella burnetii ,biology.organism_classification ,Antibodies, Bacterial ,Rickettsiosis ,Influenza A virus ,Acute Disease ,biology.protein ,bacteria ,Antibody ,Q Fever ,Rickettsiales - Abstract
The prevalence of Coxiella burnetii antibodies was investigated by indirect immunofluorescence (IF) test in 55 paired sera (acute and convalescent phases) of school children who had influenza-like symptoms. Of the convalescent serum samples examined, 18 (32.7%) sera reacted positively to phase II antigen of C. burnetii. Coxiella-like organism was isolated from the sera of 13 children after injection of the 18 acute phase sera into mice. The organism was identified as C. burnetii by Giemsa staining and the IF antigen test of mouse spleen smears, the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method, electron microscopic observations of the mouse spleen cells, and the IF antibody test of mouse sera. This is the first report of isolation of C. burnetii from serum specimens of children having influenza-like symptoms. The evidence that C. burnetii was isolated from people indigenous to Japan at a considerably high incidence suggested that C. burnetii may be widespread as a cause of influenza-like symptoms in Japan.
- Published
- 1996
20. Prevalence of extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae in food-producing animals
- Author
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Tetsuya Harada, Fumihiko Kawamori, Miya Yagi, Takashi Kanda, Norio Ohashi, Naomi Takahashi, Natsuko Iida, Takashi Masuda, Kanji Sugiyama, Yoshihiro Noda, Midori Hiroi, Fumie Yamazaki, Tomohiro Nishio, and Yukiko Hara-Kudo
- Subjects
DNA, Bacterial ,medicine.drug_class ,Klebsiella pneumoniae ,Swine ,Cephalosporin ,Microbial Sensitivity Tests ,Beef cattle ,Biology ,medicine.disease_cause ,Polymerase Chain Reaction ,beta-Lactamases ,Microbiology ,Feces ,Plasmid ,polycyclic compounds ,medicine ,Escherichia coli ,Food microbiology ,Animals ,General Veterinary ,Broiler ,biochemical phenomena, metabolism, and nutrition ,bacterial infections and mycoses ,biology.organism_classification ,Electrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-Field ,Food Microbiology ,bacteria ,Cattle ,Chickens ,Bacteria ,Plasmids - Abstract
To evaluate the diversity of extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBL) genes among food-producing animals, 48 isolates of ESBL-producing Escherichia coli isolates were obtained from rectal samples of broilers, layers, beef cattle and pigs, at the slaughterhouse level. ESBL-carrying E. coli were isolated from 60.0% of individual broiler rectal samples, 5.9% of layers, 12.5% of beef cattle and 3% of pigs. One ESBL-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae was isolated from a broiler. The ESBL-positive E. coli isolates from broilers harbored various ESBL genes: bla (SHV-12), bla(CTX-M-2), bla(CTX-M-14), bla(CTX-M-15) and bla(CTX-M-44). The plasmid DNAs were analyzed by restriction patterns. Homogeneous band patterns were yielded in those of K. pneumoniae and E. coli isolates harboring the bla(CTX-M-2) gene from different farms. No genetic relation between the 2 CTX-M-14 ESBL-producing strains was found by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, although 2 plasmids in these strains, obtained from different broiler farms, were similar to each other. This study provides evidence that the proliferation of CTX-M-producing E. coli is due to the growth of indigenous CTX-M-producing strains and the possible emergence of strains that acquired CTX-M genes by horizontal transfer in different broiler farms. CTX-M-producing coliforms in broilers should be controlled due to the critical importance of cephalosporins and the zoonotic potential of ESBL-producing bacteria.
- Published
- 2011
21. Evaluation of MPN method combined with PCR procedure for detection and enumeration of Vibrio parahaemolyticus in seafood
- Author
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Norinaga Miwa, Masato Akiyama, Yono Arita, Fumihiko Kawamori, Tomohiro Nishio, and Takashi Masuda
- Subjects
Bacteriological Techniques ,food.ingredient ,Vibrio parahaemolyticus ,food and beverages ,Hemolysin ,Cell Count ,General Medicine ,Biology ,biology.organism_classification ,Isolation (microbiology) ,Enrichment culture ,Polymerase Chain Reaction ,Microbiology ,Culture Media ,food ,Seafood ,Enumeration ,Agar - Abstract
Vibrio parahaemolyticus densities in spiked and naturally contaminated seafood samples were enumerated by the MPN method combined with a PCR procedure (MPN-PCR method) targeting the species-specific thermolabile hemolysin gene (tlh), and by the MPN method using subcultivation of alkaline-peptone-water (APW) enrichment culture on thiosulfate-citrate-bile-sucrose (TCBS) agar (MPN-TCBS method). In the samples spiked with both V. parahaemolyticus and V. alginolyticus, the numbers of V. parahaemolyticus enumerated by the MPN-PCR method were similar to, or higher than the numbers of spiked cells, whereas those enumerated by the MPN-TCBS method were below the numbers of spiked cells. In naturally contaminated seafood samples, the numbers of V. parahaemolyticus enumerated by the MPN-PCR method were higher than those by the MPN-TCBS method. In the case of the MPN-TCBS method, isolation of V. parahaemolyticus from some APW cultures was difficult because of the overgrowth of many colonies other than V. parahaemolyticus (e.g., V. alginolyticus) on TCBS agar. In contrast, the PCR technique could detect tlh from APW culture without isolation of V. parahaemolyticus, so the possibility of failing to obtain a positive result in APW culture by the MPN-PCR method was considered to be lower than that by the MPN-TCBS method. Furthermore, utilization of the PCR technique reduces the time and labor required for the biochemical identification tests used in the MPN-TCBS method. For the detection and enumeration of V. parahaemolyticus in seafood, especially for samples that show many colonies other than V. parahaemolyticus on TCBS agar, the MPN-PCR method may be more convenient and reliable than the MPN-TCBS method.
- Published
- 2004
22. Evaluation of Young's Modulus for Polymer Thin Film on Isotropic Substrate by Complex V(z) Curve
- Author
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Shin-ichi Kimura, Masahiro Maebayashi, Ryuki Hashitani, Tatsuro Matsuoka, Tomohiro Nishio, and Shinobu Koda
- Subjects
Materials science ,genetic structures ,Surface acoustic wave ,Isotropy ,General Engineering ,Analytical chemistry ,General Physics and Astronomy ,Modulus ,Young's modulus ,Substrate (electronics) ,Scanning acoustic microscope ,Condensed Matter::Soft Condensed Matter ,symbols.namesake ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,chemistry ,symbols ,sense organs ,Polystyrene ,Thin film ,Composite material - Abstract
The complex reflectance function of acoustic waves in the incidence angle range from 0 to 60° was calculated for polymer thin films on glass substrates with different Young's modulus and density values. A characteristic phase change of the complex reflectance function was observed due to the existence of the polystyrene thin film on the glass substrate. The phase change appeared when the thickness of the polymer thin film was more than 0.9 µm at 300 MHz. The normalized wave number of the characteristic phase change varied sensitively with Young's modulus and the density of the polymer thin film. The contour map of the normalized wave number was obtained from these results. The determination method of Young's modulus of the polymer thin film by the characteristic phase change was proposed.
- Published
- 2004
23. Prevalence of Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase-Producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae in Food-Producing Animals.
- Author
-
Midori HIROI, Fumie YAMAZAKI, Tetsuya HARADA, Naomi TAKAHASHI, Natsuko IIDA, Yoshihiro NODA, Miya YAGI, Tomohiro NISHIO, Takashi KANDA, Fumihiko KAWAMORI, Kanji SUGIYAMA, Takashi MASUDA, Yukiko HARA-KUDO, and Norio OHASHI
- Subjects
BETA-lactamase inhibitors ,ESCHERICHIA coli ,KLEBSIELLA pneumoniae ,COLIFORMS ,CEPHALOSPORINS ,LIVESTOCK genetics - Abstract
The article discusses the results of a study that evaluated the genetic diversity of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL) among food-producing animals. Topics discussed include the isolation of ESBL-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae from broilers, beef cattle and pigs, causes of the proliferation of CTX-M-producing Escherichia coil and the importance of controlling coliforms in boilers due to cephalosporins and the zoonotic potential of ESBL-producing bacteria.
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. Synthesis and properties of hydrogenated natural rubber.
- Author
-
Shinâichi Inoue and Tomohiro Nishio
- Subjects
RUBBER ,HYDROGENATION ,ORGANIC synthesis ,RHODIUM catalysts - Abstract
A series of hydrogenated natural rubbers, HNRs, were prepared by homogenous hydrogenation using H2 gas with a rhodium catalyst (chlorotris(triphenylphosphine)rhodium) in toluene. The HNRs were linear polymers with molecular weights greater than 800,000. These rubbers were vulcanized using sulfur and peroxide compounds. Vulcanized 100% HNR has a low glass transition temperature (Tg = â43°C) and excellent abrasion resistance, and is resistant to oxidation and ozonolysis ageing. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 103: 3957â3963, 2007 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2007
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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