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4. Physical Fitness Surveillance and Monitoring Systems Inventory for Children and Adolescents: A Scoping Review with a Global Perspective

Author

Brazo-Sayavera, Javier, Silva, Danilo R., Lang, Justin J., Tomkinson, Grant R., Agostinis-Sobrinho, Cesar, Andersen, Lars Bo, García-Hermoso, Antonio, Gaya, Anelise R., Jurak, Gregor, Lee, Eun-Young, Liu, Yang, Lubans, David R., Okely, Anthony D., Ortega, Francisco B., Ruiz, Jonatan R., Tremblay, Mark S., and Dos Santos, Leandro

Published
2024
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14. International norms for adult handgrip strength: A systematic review of data on 2.4 million adults aged 20 to 100+ years from 69 countries and regions

Author

Aadahl, Mette, Abdin, Edimansyah, Alcazar, Julian, Alenazi, Aqeel, Alqahtani, Bader, Amaral, Cledir De A., Amaral, Thatiana L.M., Fernandes, Alex Andrade, Axelsson, Peter, Baldwin, Jennifer N., Bammann, Karin, Barbosa, Aline R., Bardo, Ameline, Bimali, Inosha, Bjerregaard, Peter, Bobak, Martin, Boreham, Colin A., Bös, Klaus, Marins, João Carlos Bouzas, Burns, Joshua, Capkova, Nadezda, Castillo-Martínez, Lilia, Chen, Liang-Kung, Choi, Siu Ming, Choong, Rebecca K.J., Confortin, Susana C., Cooper, Cyrus, Correa-Bautista, Jorge E., Cournil, Amandine, Cruz, Grace, de Bruin, Eling D., De Paz, José Antonio, Moreira, Bruno De Souza, Anjos, Luiz Antonio Dos, Reyna, María Cristina Enríquez, Ferriolli, Eduardo, Forrester, Gillian, Frolova, Elena, Gebre, Abadi K., Ghaleb, Atef M., Gill, Tiffany K., Gondo, Yasuyuki, Gonzalez, M. Cristina, Alvarez, Citlali Gonzalez, Hannah, Mary K., Harvey, Nicholas C., Hogrel, Jean-Yves, Huemer, Marie-Theres, Iidaka, Toshiko, Ingram, Lewis A., Jdanov, Dmitri A., Keevil, Victoria L., Kemmler, Wolfgang, Kenny, Rose Anne, Kim, Dae-Yeon, Kivell, Tracy L., Kjær, Ingirid G.H., Kluttig, Alexander, Kozakai, Rumi, Langer, Danit, Larsen, Lisbeth A., Lee, Wei-Ju, Leon, David A., Lichtenstein, Eric, Little, Bertis B., Lourenço, Roberto Alves, Malhotra, Rahul, Malina, Robert M., Matsumoto, Kiyoaki, Mazor-Karsenty, Tal, McKay, Marnee J., McLoughlin, Sinéad, Mensegere, Abhishek L., Mohammadian, Mostafa, Moreira, Virgilio Garcia, Murayama, Hiroshi, Murray, Anne, Neri, Anita Liberalesso, Niessner, Claudia, Othón, Gabriel Núñez, Olveira, Gabriel, Orchard, Suzanne G., Pajak, Andrezj, Park, Chan Woong, Pasco, Julie A., Reyes, Maria E. Peña, Pereira, Leani Souza Máximo, Peters, Annette, Poon, Eric Tsz-Chun, Portela, Margareth C., Pratt, Jedd, Ramírez-Vélez, Robinson, Rodríguez-García, Wendy, Ryan, Joanne, San-Martín, Mauricio A., Sánchez-Torralvo, Francisco José, Saremi, Mahnaz, Schmidt-Trucksäss, Arno, Seino, Satoshi, Shah, Shamsul Azhar, Sim, Marc, Strand, Bjørn Heine, Subramaniam, Mythily, Suetta, Charlotte, Sui, Sophia X., Sundarakumar, Jonas S., Suzuki, Koya, Tamosiunas, Abdonas, Tan, Maw Pin, Taniguchi, Yu, Thorand, Barbara, Turusheva, Anna, Tveter, Anne Therese, Wagner, Jonathan, Wang, Dao, Warden, Stuart J., Wearing, Julia, Wee, Shiou Liang, Westbury, Leo D., Wiśniowska-Szurlej, Agnieszka, Woll, Alexander, Yoshimura, Noriko, Yu, Ruby, Tomkinson, Grant R., Lang, Justin J., Rubín, Lukáš, McGrath, Ryan, Gower, Bethany, Boyle, Terry, Klug, Marilyn G., Mayhew, Alexandra J., Blake, Henry T., Ortega, Francisco B., Cadenas-Sanchez, Cristina, Magnussen, Costan G., Fraser, Brooklyn J., Kidokoro, Tetsuhiro, Liu, Yang, Christensen, Kaare, and Leong, Darryl P.

Published
2024
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15. The Youth Fitness International Test (YFIT) battery for monitoring and surveillance among children and adolescents: A modified Delphi consensus project with 169 experts from 50 countries and territories

Author

Oyeyemi, Adewale L., Marques, Adilson, Gribbon, Aidan, Gaya, Anelise Reis Reis, García-Hermoso, Antonio, Sääkslahti, Arja, Faigenbaum, Avery, Nakabazzi, Bernadette, Leskošek, Bojan, Popovic, Boris, O'Keeffe, Brendan, Timmons, Brian W., Mieziene, Brigita, Fraser, Brooklyn, Brand, Caroline, Anza-Ramirez, Cecilia, Alvarez-Bueno, Celia, Agostinis-Sobrinho, Cesar A., Hillman, Charles H., Niessner, Claudia, Drenowatz, Clemens, Magnussen, Costan G., Cadenas-Sanchez, Cristina, Berglind, Daniel, da Silva, Danilo Rodrigues Pereira, Colella, Dario, Lubans, David, Matelot, David, Tladi, Dawn M., Silva, Diego Augusto Santos, Moliner-Urdiales, Diego, Dumuid, Dot, Blain, Dylan, Ulloa, Edtna Jáuregui, Arunas, Emeljanovas, Pintos-Toledo, Enrique, Poon, Eric Tsz Chun, Lee, Eun-Young, Riso, Eva Maria, Mäestu, Evelin, Bardid, Farid, Cañete, Felicia, Rodríguez, Fernando Rodríguez, De Roia, Gabriela, Tabacchi, Garden, Stratton, Gareth, Sandercock, Gavin R., Georgiev, Georgi, Vicente-Rodríguez, Germán, Ferrari, Gerson, Rosa, Gil, Welk, Greg, Jurak, Gregor, Starc, Gregor, Labayen, Idoia, Cigarroa, Igor, Esteban-Cornejo, Irene, Emeterio, Iván Clavel San, Milanović, Ivana, Clarke, Janine, Dobosz, Janusz, Mäestu, Jarek, Brazo-Sayavera, Javier, Sacheck, Jennifer, Servais, Jennifer, Secchi, Jeremías David, Vanhelst, Jérémy, Ramírez, Jesús Viciana, Magalhães, João, Soto-Sánchez, Johana, Jaunig, Johannes, Reilly, John J., Smith, Jordan, Mota, Jorge, Castro-Piñero, Jose, López-Gil, José Francisco, Githang'a, Juliah Wambui, Mello, Júlio Brugnara, Janz, Kathleen, Weston, Kathryn L., Laurson, Kelly, Till, Kevin, Dlamini, Khanyile, Tambalis, Konstantinos D., Basterfield, Laura, Joensuu, Laura, Béghin, Laurent, Santos, Leandro dos, Mugisha, Lillian, Zou, Liye, Taylor, Juan Ricardo López Y, Štefan, Lovro, Léger, Luc, Wachira, Lucy-Joy, Sardinha, Luís B., Rubin, Lukas, Thuany, Mabliny, Cuenca-García, Magdalena, Paw, Mai Chin A, Sanchez-Lopez, Mairena, Pihu, Maret, Noriega, Maria Jose, Medrano-Echeverría, María, Beltran-Valls, Maria Reyes, Löf, Marie, Misigoj-Durakovic, Marjeta, Tremblay, Mark, Gerber, Markus, Sorić, Maroje, Giuriato, Matteo, Vandoni, Matteo, Lenoir, Matthieu, Santander, Mauro D., Peralta, Miguel, Huhtiniemi, Mikko, Said, Mohamed Ahmed, Kaj, Mónika, Burn, Naomi, Ridgers, Nicola D., Lovecchio, Nicola, Aguilar-Farias, Nicolas, Wedderkopp, Niels, Veiga, Oscar L., Saint-Maurice, Pedro, Katzmarzyk, Peter, Henriksson, Pontus, Colley, Rachel, Ocansey, Reginald T-A., Kliegl, Reinhold, Ramírez-Vélez, Robinson, Ssenyonga, Ronald, Naidoo, Rowena, Pate, Russell R., McGrath, Ryan, Kuu, Saima, Salaj, Sanja, Gontarev, Seryozha, Morrison, Shawnda A., Nqweniso, Siphesihle, Chen, Sitong, Kagunda, Stanley, Ware, Stephanie Prince, Wong, Stephen H., Popovic, Stevo R., Fairclough, Stuart J., Andrade, Susana, Kriemler, Susi, Csányi, Tamás, Manyanga, Taru, Mwase-Vuma, Tawonga W., Kidokoro, Tetsu, Gomes, Thayse Natacha, Gisladottir, Thordis, Takken, Tim, Jaakkola, Timo, Lakka, Timo, Olds, Timothy, Tammelin, Tuija, Granacher, Urs, Carson, Valerie, Martinez-Vizcaino, Vincent, Onywera, Vincent, Pellino, Vittoria Carnevale, Huang, Wendy Y., Yin, Xiaojian, Liu, Yang, Song, Yi, Sun, Yi, Liu, Yuan, Ortega, Francisco B., Zhang, Kai, Tremblay, Mark S., Tomkinson, Grant R., Ruiz, Jonatan R., Keller, Katja, Nyström, Christine Delisle, Pate, Russell, Kidokoro, Tetsuhiro, Poon, Eric, Wachira, Lucy-Joy M., Gomes, Thayse Natacha Q.F., Cristi-Montero, Carlos, Fraser, Brooklyn J., Onywera, Vincent O., Liang, Li-Lin, Prince, Stephanie A., Lubans, David R., and Lang, Justin J.

Published
2024
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18. Top 10 International Priorities for Physical Fitness Research and Surveillance Among Children and Adolescents: A Twin-Panel Delphi Study

Author

Lang, Justin J., Zhang, Kai, Agostinis-Sobrinho, César, Andersen, Lars Bo, Basterfield, Laura, Berglind, Daniel, Blain, Dylan O., Cadenas-Sanchez, Cristina, Cameron, Christine, Carson, Valerie, Colley, Rachel C., Csányi, Tamás, Faigenbaum, Avery D., García-Hermoso, Antonio, Gomes, Thayse Natacha Q. F., Gribbon, Aidan, Janssen, Ian, Jurak, Gregor, Kaj, Mónika, Kidokoro, Tetsuhiro, Lane, Kirstin N., Liu, Yang, Löf, Marie, Lubans, David R., Magnussen, Costan G., Manyanga, Taru, McGrath, Ryan, Mota, Jorge, Olds, Tim, Onywera, Vincent O., Ortega, Francisco B., Oyeyemi, Adewale L., Prince, Stephanie A., Ramírez-Vélez, Robinson, Roberts, Karen C., Rubín, Lukáš, Servais, Jennifer, Silva, Diego Augusto Santos, Silva, Danilo R., Smith, Jordan J., Song, Yi, Stratton, Gareth, Timmons, Brian W., Tomkinson, Grant R., Tremblay, Mark S., Wong, Stephen H. S., and Fraser, Brooklyn J.

Published
2023
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25. Absolute Agreement Between Subjective Hand Squeeze and Objective Handgrip Strength in Adults.

Author

Kieser, Jacob, Langford, Matthew, Stover, Emily, Tomkinson, Grant R., Clark, Brian C., Cawthon, Peggy M., and McGrath, Ryan

Subjects
HAND physiology, RESEARCH funding, STATISTICAL sampling, RANDOMIZED controlled trials, MUSCLE strength, STATISTICAL reliability, INTRACLASS correlation, EXERCISE tests, GRIP strength, MUSCLE contraction, ADULTS
Abstract

Despite handgrip strength (HGS) being considered a convenient muscle strength assessment, HGS lacks routine measurement in sports medicine and healthcare settings because barriers such as time and lack of instrumentation may exist. Alternatives to circumvent these barriers should be sought. This study examined the absolute agreement of a subjective estimate of strength capacity on objectively measured HGS in adults aged 18-84 years. We also evaluated the test-retest reliability of an electronic handgrip dynamometer as a secondary purpose. There were 4 trained interviewers (i.e., assessors) who were assigned completely at random to subject laboratory visits occurring on 2 separate days. Trained interviewers carefully positioned their fingers into the hand of each subject before asking them to squeeze their fingers with maximal effort, and interviewers estimated each subject's HGS. An electronic handgrip dynamometer objectively measured HGS. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) were used for the analyses. The analytic sample included 100 subjects (age: 48.0 ± 20.2 years; 61% women). Poor agreement between mean objective HGS and averaged subjective hand squeeze was observed (ICC: 0.47; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.40-0.53). However, there was moderate agreement between dynamometer-derived maximal HGS and the most accurate HGS estimate (ICC: 0.75; CI: 0.65-0.86). An excellent test-retest reliability was found for mean (ICC: 0.97; CI: 0.95-0.98) and maximal HGS with the electronic dynamometer (ICC: 0.97; CI: 0.96-0.98). Trained interviewers performing subjective hand squeezes can approximate objective HGS with adequate accuracy, which could be useful when time and handgrip dynamometry access are lacking. Expanded interviewer training and testing may help with implementation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2025

26. Temporal Trends in the Standing Broad Jump Performance of United States Children and Adolescents

Author

Pinoniemi, Bridget K., Tomkinson, Grant R., Walch, Tanis J., Roemmich, James N., and Fitzgerald, John S.

Abstract

Purpose: To estimate temporal trends in broad jump performance for United States youth, a marker of muscular fitness and health. Method: Electronic databases, topical systematic reviews, and personal libraries were systematically searched for studies reporting descriptive standing broad jump data for apparently healthy United States youth (age 10-17 years). Temporal trends at the sex-age level were estimated using sample-weighted regression models associating the year of testing to mean jump performance, with national trends standardized to the year 1985 using a post-stratified population-weighting procedure. Results: Collectively, there was a small increase of 12.6 cm (95%CI: 12.5 to 12.7) or 7.9% (95%CI: 7.1 to 8.6) in 65,527 United States youth between 1911 and 1990. Increases were greater for girls (change in means [95% CI]: 17.1 cm [16.9 to 17.3]; 11.4% [10.7 to 12.2]) compared to boys (change in means [95% CI]: 8.5 cm [8.3 to 8.7]; 4.6% [3.8 to 5.4]), but did not differ between children (10-12 years) and adolescents (13-17 years). Increases in broad jump performance were not always uniform across time, with steady and progressive increases observed for boys and children, respectively, and a diminishing rate of increase observed for girls and adolescents. Conclusions: Muscular fitness is a good marker of health, so greater broad jump performance from 1911 to 1990 may reflect corresponding changes in health. Routine assessment of broad jump performance may be useful to monitor trends in health and muscular fitness of United States youth due to its practicality, scalability, and predictive utility.

Published
2021
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35. Reliability of the Styku 3D Whole-Body Scanner for the Assessment of Body Size in Athletes

Author

Derouchey, Joe D., Tomkinson, Grant R., Rhoades, Jesse L., and Fitzgerald, John S.

Abstract

Anthropometry is important for predicting sports performance. While 3-dimensional (3D) body scanners increase the feasibility of anthropometric assessment, reliability data on athletes are lacking. The aim of this study was to determine the test-retest reliability of a portable, single-camera 3D body scanning system (Styku S100) to assess circumferences, and whole-body and segmental surface areas and volumes of athletes. Forty-nine (19 males) athletes were scanned 6 times (two sessions of three scans). The Styku scanner demonstrated nearly perfect reliability. Systematic errors were negligible (mean standardized bias [95%CI]: scan 1 vs. 4, 0.04 [0.02, 0.06]), random errors were negligible (mean standardized typical error [95%CI]: scan 1 vs. 4, 0.14 [0.10, 0.17]), and test-retest correlations were nearly perfect (mean intra-class correlation coefficient [95%CI]: scan 1 vs. 4, 0.98 [0.97, 0.99]). Single-camera 3D body scanning systems may provide practitioners and researchers with a feasible tool to evaluate body size and shape.

Published
2020
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36. Comparison of objectively measured and estimated cardiorespiratory fitness to predict all-cause and cardiovascular disease mortality in adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis of 42 studies representing 35 cohorts and 3.8 million observations

Author

Singh, Ben, Cadenas-Sanchez, Cristina, da Costa, Bruno G.G., Castro-Piñero, José, Chaput, Jean-Philippe, Cuenca-García, Magdalena, Maher, Carol, Marín-Jiménez, Nuria, McGrath, Ryan, Molina-García, Pablo, Myers, Jonathan, Gower, Bethany, Ortega, Francisco B., Lang, Justin J., and Tomkinson, Grant R.

Published
2025
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40. Cardiorespiratory fitness is a strong and consistent predictor of morbidity and mortality among adults: an overview of meta-analyses representing over 20.9 million observations from 199 unique cohort studies

Author

Lang, Justin J, primary, Prince, Stephanie A, additional, Merucci, Katherine, additional, Cadenas-Sanchez, Cristina, additional, Chaput, Jean-Philippe, additional, Fraser, Brooklyn J, additional, Manyanga, Taru, additional, McGrath, Ryan, additional, Ortega, Francisco B, additional, Singh, Ben, additional, and Tomkinson, Grant R, additional

Published
2024
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48. Cardiorespiratory fitness has declined among French children since 1999, although the decline appears to be getting smaller.

Author

Vanhelst, Jérémy, Lang, Justin J., Matelot, David, Carré, François, Mercier, Daniel, Ulmer, Zékya, Oppert, Jean‐Michel, Baquet, Georges, Berthoin, Serge, Fillon, Alicia, Béghin, Laurent, and Tomkinson, Grant R.

Subjects
CARDIOPULMONARY fitness, HEALTH status indicators, BODY mass index, DESCRIPTIVE statistics, CONFIDENCE intervals, REGRESSION analysis, ADOLESCENCE, CHILDREN
Abstract

Background: Cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) is a strong marker of current and future health. The aim of this study was to assess the national temporal trends in CRF for French children and adolescents between 1999 and 2022. Methods: CRF data were obtained from several cross‐sectional studies on 15 420 (51.1% boys) French children and adolescents aged 9–16 years between 1999 and 2022. The 20‐m shuttle run test (20mSRT) estimated CRF. Body mass index (BMI) was calculated from measured height and body mass, with BMI z‐scores (BMIz) calculated using WHO growth curves. The 20mSRT results were corrected for protocol and converted to z‐scores (20mSRTz) using international sex‐ and age‐specific norms. With additional adjustment for BMIz, temporal trends in mean 20mSRT performance (20mSRTz) were estimated using linear regression, with the distance max (Dmax) method used to locate a breakpoint and linear segments fitted to points below and above the breakpoint. Trends in distributional characteristics were assessed visually and described as the ratio of the coefficients of variation (CVs). Results: After adjustment for protocol, age, sex, and BMIz, a large decline in mean 20mSRT performance (trend per decade (95% CI): −1.42 SDs (−1.45, −1.39) or −18.4% (95% CI: −18.8, −18.0)) between 1999 and 2022 was found. Dmax located a breakpoint for the two‐linear‐segment model in year 2010. There was a large decline in mean 20mSRT performance pre‐2010 (trend per decade (95% CI): −2.31 SDs (−2.39, −2.24)), which reduced 0.06‐fold to a negligible decline post‐2010 (trend per decade (95% CI): –0.15 SD (−0.20, −0.10)). We also found that the trend in mean 20mSRT performance was not uniform across the population distribution. Between 1999 and 2022, there was a small trend in distributional asymmetry, with slightly smaller declines experienced by the high performers (above the 75th percentile). Conclusions: Our data suggest a large decline in the 20mSRT performance of French children and adolescents since 1999. This declining trend seems to have diminished considerably since 2010. Such declines in CRF could translate into declines in health status. Although a slowing in the declining trend in CRF in recent years is encouraging, more data are needed to confirm these findings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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