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The subject of this paper is the analysis of agricultural insurance in the Republic of Serbia, which includes the types of agricultural insurance that exist in Serbian insurance market, the subjects that could be insured, as well as the insurance companies that are active in agricultural insurance at national level. The main goal of paper is to define the basic terms in agricultural insurance and to show the products and procedures in agricultural insurance offered by the insurance companies. Additional goal is to show the level of development and coverage of agricultural insurance in Serbia, as well as to point out the importance of insurance for agricultural development. In paper are used descriptive and deduction method, as well as desk research and descriptive statistics methods. Based on the conducted research, it is concluded that the current state in agricultural insurance in Serbia is quite low, while the main factors influencing this situation are underdeveloped agriculture and the fact that agricultural insurance is not mandatory. Insurance is significantly more represented in the crop than in livestock production.

Četvorogodišnji mikroogledi su postavljeni 2015. godine iizvedeni na poljoprivrednim površinama sela Petkovica (opština Šabac). Predmet istraţivanja bila je domaća sorta pasulja Sremac, koja je sejana u prolećnom roku, a u 2018. godini i postrno. Proizvodnja je organizovana na vrlo siromašnom zemljištu teškog mehaničkog sastava sa preovlaĎujućom fizičkom glinom (oko 68%) pa je uz mineralna NPK hraniva korišćena i organska biomasa (kompost i saturacioni mulj). Pasulj je gajen na većim površinama uz primenu standardne tehnologije proizvodnje, a posle setve obeleţavane su eksperimentalne parcele. Tokom izvoĎenja ogleda detaljno su analizirani osnovni meteorološki podaci vodni reţim i raspored toplote u vegetacionom periodu pasulja. Prva i treća godina bile su sa značajno manjim količinama padavina u periodu april-septembar i sa dugim sušnim periodima tokom leta, dok su druga i četvrta godina imale vrlo povoljan reţim padavina. Varijabilnost vremenskih uslova značajno je uticala na visinu ostvarenih prinosa, a u četvrtoj godini omogućila i uspešnu postrnu setvu (Vasić i sar., 2007). Osnovni cilj istraţivanja bio je da se utvrdi koliki prinos zrna se moţe ostvariti sortom koja je tolerantna na sušu i podesna za gajenje u suvom ratarenju. Na osnovu ostvarenih prinosa, obračunatih materijalnih troškova i angaţovanja mehanizacije, odreĎeno je procentualno učešće varijabilnih troškova proizvodnje u ceni proizvoda. Dobijene vrednosti mogu posluţiti kao preporuka malim farmerima kako uz najpodesnije agrotehničke metode mogu ostvariti što veći bruto finansijski rezultat u proizvodnji pasulja. The four-year field trials were set in 2015 and carried out on agricultural surfaces of the village village Petkovic (municipality Sabac). The subject of the research was beans, domestic variety Sremac, which was sown in the spring, and in 2018, as stubble crop. Beans are grown on a very poor soil with a heavy mechanical composition with a predominant physical clay (about 68%). Therefore, organic (compost and saturated sludge) and NPK mineral fertilizers are used in the nutrition of plants. The beans are grown on large plots with the application of standard production technology. Experimental plots were marked after sowing. During the experiment, the detailed meteorological data were analyzed in detail by the water regime and the distribution of heat in the vegetation period of the bean. Basic meteorological data (water regime, and heat distribution) were analyzed during the vegetation period of beans. The first and third years were with significantly smaller amounts of precipitation in the period April-Septemberand with long drought periods during the summer, while the second and fourth years had a very favorable precipitation regime. Variability of weather conditions significantly influenced the amount of yields achieved, and in the fourth year enabled successful stubble sowing (Vasić et al., 2007). The basic aim of the research was to determine the extent of grain yield can be achieved by a drought tolerant variety and suitable for growing in dry cropping system. On the basis of realized yields, calculated material costs and engagement of mechanization, the percentage participation of variable production determined is costs in the price of the product. The values obtained can be used as a recommendation to small farmers to achieve the highest gross financial result in the production of beans with the most suitable scientific farming methods. Radovi sa 33. Savetovanja agronoma, veterinara, tehnologa i agroekonomista, Padinska Skela, 2019.

Environmental conditions significantly influence agricultural production, i.e. they are one of the main factors that affect its efficiency. Continuous monitoring of economic results makes it possible to identify the basic elements of revenues and expenditures in production of major agricultural crops, and use these data to plan future production – in other words, to choose the right enterprise for respective environmental conditions. The gross margin is a quick and efficient indicator used to analyse an enterprise when considering economic indicators of different enterprises and choosing the most efficient one in economic terms. In this paper we used the gross margin to compare the two production years with different production conditions, but on the same farms. Therefore, gross margin was used as an adequate indicator that aims to show the difference which is in function of various agro-ecological conditions, price and yield within the period of two years. The paper used the questionnaire carried out in 2011 and 2012 on a total of 69 chosen leader farms from the territory of 11 stations of the Agricultural Extension Service of Serbia. The questionnaire collected data on revenues and expenditures based on which gross margins for maize were calculated. The main indicator of this calculation is the gross margin, which is the difference between the value of production (value of the primary and the secondary product) and total variable costs that covers seed costs, fertilizer costs, costs of plant protection products, diesel fuels and contracted services (for sowing, harvest and labour). In these periods climatic conditions differed significantly. In 2012 there was considerably less precipitation with higher air temperatures, which was one of the main reason for reduced yields per area unit. In 2012, yields decreased by 28%, while price per kilogram of maize increased by about 37%, reducing total value of production by about 1%. It was estimated that total variable costs increased by 6%, while the gross margin was reduced by about 8%.