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This study presents an innovative method for tracking the evolution and repurposing of drugs, leveraging controlled vocabulary systems, specifically CA (Chemical Abstracts) Concept Headings within the SciFindern database. Using thalidomide as a case study, the research demonstrates how tracking article counts over time can uncover information about the substance's history, properties, uses, and future potential. The analysis involves comparing yearly publication counts of research articles and patents through databases, journal sources, and CA Concept Headings. The findings suggest that monitoring the number of articles by CA Concept Headings published over time can serve as a valuable indicator of the substance's importance. Such knowledge empowers researchers to develop applications, enhance existing processes, and contribute to advancing science and medicine. The study's insights have significant implications for the broader field of scientometrics, offering a methodological approach to understanding substance development and impact through bibliometric analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Corneal disease and damage can arise from various causes, including infections, corneal dystrophies, trauma and improper contact lens use. These factors can lead to corneal blindness which greatly decreases the patient’s quality of life. Although corneal transplantation is a viable treatment option for many patients, the risk of rejection after corneal transplantation remains a concern. Severe corneal damage requires special methods of treatment, which are still sought after. This narrative review aims to summarize the use of stem cells and keratoprosthesis in the treatment of corneal diseases. Stem cell therapy, particularly limbal stem cell transplantation, shows promise in corneal regenerative therapy, especially the treatment of limbal stem cell deficiency. Additionally, induced pluripotent stem cells have been successfully used in cornea transplantation, offering a novel approach to restoring vision in patients with corneal diseases. Keratoprosthesis, such as the Boston keratoprosthesis and osteo-odonto-keratoprosthesis, provides an alternative for patients who cannot undergo traditional corneal transplantation. Artificial prostheses are also an alternative to corneal transplantation in cases of extensive trauma or in the absence of donor tissue. Continued research and development in stem cell therapy and keratoprosthesis hold the potential to improve the outcomes, accessibility of corneal disease treatment and reducing the global burden of corneal blindness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Critical thinking and analytical problem-solving skills in research involves using different search strategies. A proposed concept for an "Imploded Boolean Search" combines three unique identifiable field types to perform a search: keyword(s), numerical value(s), and a chemical structure or reaction. The object of this type of search is to help refine, narrow, and speed the searching process for finding relevant information, which would otherwise yield humanly unmanageable result sets. This search strategy is introduced to third year chemistry students in an information literacy workshop using SciFinder, Reaxys, and Web of Science Structure Search. The aim of the workshop is to help students develop hands-on familiarity on the use of chemistry databases and search strategies for scientific information retrieval. The "Imploded Boolean Search" adds a new skill set to a student's arsenal of search strategies. A survey and training exercise are used to assess the workshop.

Open access (OA) journals promote the opportunity for peer-reviewed journal articles to be freely accessible. In recent years, the number of OA journals has exploded in all disciplines. Previous studies have identified print-based pedagogical discipline-specific journals outside the field of Library and Information Science (LIS) for librarians to consider as vehicles for publishing articles related to subject-based Information Literacy (IL). The present study explores the presence of discipline-specific pedagogical journals listed in the Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ) and presents a table of OA journals with their acceptance rates and review times. Pedagogical OA journals are highlighted as a potential opportunity for librarians to pro-actively reach out to faculty within a discipline and contribute towards the OA movement. (Contains 2 tables.)

A science librarian in the laboratory can become a "point of access" for database instruction and provide a learning opportunity for students to develop their information literacy skills. A case study describes how a librarian in an organic chemistry laboratory helps the class run smoothly and identifies the science librarian as an ally and a resource. The major objectives of the library part of the laboratory was for students to learn to use MDL CrossFire database, become proficient with finding information from the library, and gain an understanding for searching experimental data in articles. (Contains 1 table, 2 schemes, and 2 notes.)

A major challenge facing academic libraries is the need for reference librarians to become knowledge experts in their assigned subject areas. The subject-specialist approach increases the effectiveness of collection development, classroom instruction, and faculty liaison interactions. Simultaneously, this approach creates the need for continuous learning opportunities. Conferences organized around academic disciplines provide a direct connection to subject-specific information as well as opportunities for meeting people who share common interests. With the increase in interdisciplinary and multidisciplinary approaches to teaching and research, the authors argue that attending subject-specific conferences is the best way to keep up with information needs in various fields. This article reviews the benefits of attending academic conferences and discusses five strategies for selecting an appropriate subject conference in any discipline. First-person accounts of conference experiences illustrate these benefits. (Contains 4 tables.)

This paper presents a concept of the air quality monitoring system design and describes a selection of data quality analysis methods. A high level of industrialisation affects the risk of natural disasters related to environmental pollution such as e.g. air pollution by gases and clouds of dust (carbon monoxide, sulphur oxides, nitrogen oxides). That is why researches related to the monitoring this type of phenomena are extremely important. Low-cost air quality sensors are more commonly used to monitor air parameters in urban areas. These types of sensors are used to obtain an image of the spatiotemporal variability in the concentration of air pollutants. Aside from their low price , which is important from a point of view of the economic accessibility of society, low-cost sensors are prone to produce erroneous results compared to professional air quality monitors. The described study focuses on the analysis of outliers as particularly interesting for further analysis, as well as modelling with machine learning methods for air quality assessment in the city of Lublin.

Citation analysis can uncover ways to apply the use of software in different research synergies. A cited reference search on MATLAB in the Web of Science database retrieved 6,873 citing articles from 2000 to 2020. These articles were analyzed by research areas to reveal the use of MATLAB in unexpected subject-specific disciplines. The VOSviewer software tool was used to generate and analyze keyword co-occurrence clusters by research area. The study found that MATLAB not only holds applications in the Technology and the Physical Sciences disciplines but also extends to the Life Sciences & Biomedicine, Social Sciences, and Arts & Humanities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article aims to show the possible energy savings in intelligent building installations due to the use of programmable mechanical multifunctional buttons. Two monostable buttons were placed, the pressing of which triggered the entire sequence of programmed actions and procedures. The consumption of electricity from the period before and after the assembly of the buttons was compared. The measured effects of using the buttons have shown that the energy consumption has decreased by approximately 7.5 kWh per month. The low installation costs and benefits resulting from the use of such a solution make it a cost-effective and a very convenient solution.

Ethylene polymerization was studied using a variety of iminophosphonamide (P[N.sub.2]) complexes of zirconium. Bis(P[N.sub.2]) dichloride complexes [[P[h.sub.2]P[(NR').sub.2]].sub.2]Zr[X.sub.2[ (X = Cl; 1a: R' = p-tolyl; 1b: R' = Bn; 1c: R' = [C.sub.6][F.sub.5]) or dimethyl complexes (X = Me; 2a: R' = p-tolyl; 2b: R' = Bn) and cyclopentadienyl(P[N.sub.2])zirconium dichloride complexes [[η.sup.5] - [C.sub.5][R''.sub.5]][[R.sub.2] P[(NR').sub.2]]Zr[Cl.sub.2] (3a: R' = p-toyl, R = Ph, R'' = H; 3b: R' = Si[Me.sub.3], R = Et, R'' = H; 3c: R' = [C.sub.6][F.sub.5], R = Ph, R'' = H; 3e: R' = 3,5-[(C[F.sub.3]).sub.2]Ph, R = Ph, R'' = H; 3f: R' = 3,5-[(C[F.sub.3]).sub.2]Ph, R = Ph, R'' = Me) or dimethyl analogs [[η.sup.5] - [C.sub.5][R.sub.5]] [[R.sub.2]P[(NR').sub.2]]Zr[Me.sub.2] (4a: R' = p-toyl, R = Ph, 4b: R' = Si[Me.sub.3] R = Et) were evaluated under a range of conditions using methylaluminoxane (PMAO) activator. Complexes 1 and 2 behave as precursors to single-site polymerization catalysts under the conditions studied, while complexes 3 or dialkyls 4 show more complex behavior and formation of poly(ethylene) with a bimodal molecular weight distribution. In contrast, activation of dialkyl complexes 4 with [[Ph.sub.3]C][B[([C.sub.6][F.sub.5]).sub.4]] and polymerization in the presence of small amounts of PMAO or TIBAL as scavenger, led to single-site behavior. PMAO reacts with the neutral dialkyls via ligand abstraction to produce a number of P-containing species that may explain the multi-site behavior observed when using this activator. Dialkyls 4 react cleanly with [[Ph.sub.3]C][B[([C.sub.6] [F.sub.5]).sub.4]] in haloarene or even dichloromethane solution to furnish the corresponding cationic alkyls 5, which were characterized by multinuclear NMR spectroscopy. Fluxional dinuclear species are formed in the presence of excess dialkyl and these are susceptible to C--H activation to form μ-Me,μ-C[H.sub.2] complexes one of which could be isolated in pure form. The cationic alkyls initiate the polymerization of 1-hexene at room temperature in chlorobenzene solution, but extensive chain transfer occurs and the systems are not living. Key words: single site, early metal olefin polymerization catalysis. On a etudie la polymerisation de l'ethylene a l'aide d'une variete de complexes a base d'iminophosphonamide (P[N.sub.2]) du zirconium. Utilisant le methylaluminoxane (PMAO) comme activateur dans une grande variete de conditions, on a evalue les complexes avec le dichlorure de bis(P[N.sub.2]) [[P[h.sub.2]P[(NR').sub.2]].sub.2]Zr[X.sub.2] (X = Cl; 1a: R' = p-tolyl; 1b: R' = Bn; 1c: R' = [C.sub.6][F.sub.5]) ou les complexes dimethyles (X = Me; 2a: R' = p-tolyl; 2b: R' = Bn), et le dichlorure de cyclopentadienyl (P[N.sub.2])[[η.sup.5] - [C.sub.5][R''.sub.5]][[R.sub.2] P[(NR').sub.2]]Zr[Cl.sub.2] (3a: R' = p-toyl, R = Ph, R'' = H; 3b: R' = Si[Me.sub.3], R = Et, R'' = H; 3c: R' = [C.sub.6][F.sub.5], R = Ph, R'' = H; 3e: R' = 3,5-[(C[F.sub.3]).sub.2]Ph, R = Ph, R'' = H; 3f: R' = 3,5-[(C[F.sub.3]).sub.2]Ph, R = Ph, R'' = Me) ou de leurs analogues dimethyles [[η.sup.5] - [C.sub.5] [R.sub.5]][[R.sub.2]P[(NR').sub.2]]Zr[Me.sub.2] (4a: R' = p-toyl, R = Ph, 4b: R' = Si[Me.sub.3] R = Et). Dans les conditions etudiees, les complexes 1 et 2 se comportent comme des precurseurs de catalyseurs a site unique alors que les complexes 3 ou les dialkyles 4 presentent un comportement plus complexe avec une formation de poly(ethylene) presentant une distribution bimodale des poids moleculaires. Par ailleurs, l'activation des complexes de dialkyles avec du [[Ph.sub.3]C][B[([C.sub.6] [F.sub.5]).sub.4]] avec des polymerisations en presence de faibles quantites de PMAO ou de TIBAL comme piege conduit a un comportement a site unique. Le PMAO reagit avec les dialkyles neutres par le biais d'un enlevement de ligand conduisant a la formation de diverses especes contenant du phosphore qui peuvent expliquer le comportement multisite observe quand on utilise ce compose pour faire l'activation. Les complexes dialkyles 4 reagissent proprement avec le [[Ph.sub.3]C][B[([C.sub.6][F.sub.5]).sub.4]] en solution darts des halogenoarenes et meme dans le dichloromethane et ces reactions conduisent a la formation des complexes cationiques alkyles correspondants 5 qui ont ete caracterises par spectroscopie RMN multinucldaire. Il se forme des especes binucleaires fluxionnelles en presence d'exe's de derives dialkyles et ces especes sont susceptibles a une activation C--H conduisant a la formation de complexes μ-Me et μ-C[H.sub.2] desquels un a pu etre isole dans une forme pure. Les complexes alkyles cationiques initient la polymerisation du hex-1-ene a la temperature ambiante, en solution dans le chlorobenzene, mais il se produit beaucoup de transfert de chaine et les systemes ne sont pas vivants. Mots cles : precurseurs de catalyseurs a site unique de la polymerisation d'alcenes par des metaux de transition. [Traduit par la Redaction], Introduction The synthesis of novel group 4 complexes is of considerable interest in the context of olefin polymerization using 'non-metallocene' catalysts (1). A wide variety of complexes based on the [...]

Background This study aimed to identify and resolve discordant variant interpretations across clinical molecular genetic laboratories through the Canadian Open Genetics Repository (COGR), an online collaborative effort for variant sharing and interpretation. Methods Laboratories uploaded variant data to the Franklin Genoox platform. Reports were issued to each laboratory, summarising variants where conflicting classifications with another laboratory were noted. Laboratories could then reassess variants to resolve discordances. Discordance was calculated using a five-tier model (pathogenic (P), likely pathogenic (LP), variant of uncertain significance (VUS), likely benign (LB), benign (B)), a three-tier model (LP/P are positive, VUS are inconclusive, LB/B are negative) and a two-tier model (LP/P are clinically actionable, VUS/LB/B are not). We compared the COGR classifications to automated classifications generated by Franklin. Results Twelve laboratories submitted classifications for 44 510 unique variants. 2419 variants (5.4%) were classified by two or more laboratories. From baseline to after reassessment, the number of discordant variants decreased from 833 (34.4% of variants reported by two or more laboratories) to 723 (29.9%) based on the five-tier model, 403 (16.7%) to 279 (11.5%) based on the three-tier model and 77 (3.2%) to 37 (1.5%) based on the two-tier model. Compared with the COGR classification, the automated Franklin classifications had 94.5% sensitivity and 96.6% specificity for identifying actionable (P or LP) variants. Conclusions The COGR provides a standardised mechanism for laboratories to identify discordant variant interpretations and reduce discordance in genetic test result delivery. Such quality assurance programmes are important as genetic testing is implemented more widely in clinical care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mutants of the HIS1 locus of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae are suitable reporters for spontaneous reversion events because most reversions are topical, that is, within the locus itself. Thirteen mutations of his1-1 now have been identified with respect to base sequence. Revertants of three mutants and their spontaneous reversion rates are presented: (1) a chain termination mutation (his1-208, nee his1-1) that does not revert by mutations of tRNA loci and reverts only by intracodonic suppression; (2) a missense mutation (his1-798, nee his1-7) that can revert by intragenic suppression by base substitutions of any sort, including a back mutation as well as one three-base deletion; and (3) a -1 frameshift mutation (his1-434, nee his1-19) that only reverts topically by + 1 back mutation, + 1 intragenic suppression, or a -2 deletion. Often the + 1 insertion is accompanied by base substitution events at one or both ends of a run of A's. Missense suppressors of his1-798 are either feeders or nonfeeders, and at four different locations within the locus, a single base substitution encoding an amino acid alteration will suffice to turn the nonfeeder phenotype into a feeder phenotype. Late-appearing revertants of his1-798 were found to be slowly growing leaky mutants rather than a manifestation of adaptive mutagenesis. Spontaneous revertants of his1-208 and his1-434 produced no late-arising colonies.

Purpose: To examine effects of subjective perception and objective status of cognition on emotional functioning in a sample of adults with long-term neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders. Method: N = 65. Subjective measures were derived from the self-ratings on the Problem Checklist (PCL) from the HI-FI; the objective status was represented by combined externally standardised scores on neuropsychological tests across three cognitive domains: verbal memory, executive functioning, and psychomotor speed. Results: No relationship was found between self-ratings of cognitive competence and performance on neuropsychological tests. Based on the results of the multiple regression analysis, approximately 40% of the variability in emotional functioning was explained by self-perceived cognitive and physical competence, while the addition of objective measures of cognition increased predictive capacity by only 1.3%. The awareness scores were calculated as the difference between objective performance scores and self-ratings of cognition. Overall, the sample demonstrated a tendency towards low awareness of cognitive deficits. Patients who overestimated cognitive deficits self-rated emotional functioning at a significantly lower level, while those with average or low awareness of deficits were equally emotionally content. Conclusions: Self-perception of competence, rather than objective level of functioning influence emotional well-being and quality of life in individuals with long-term disabilities in our study. Cognitive deficits are common consequences of neurological dysfunction. This study shows that self-perception of cognitive competence, rather than objective level of cognitive functioning has critical influence on emotional well-being and perceived quality of life. An addition of psychotherapeutic intervention directed at alleviation of self-perception bias is likely to improve emotional well-being and enhance efficiency of rehabilitation efforts in patients with long-term disabilities due to neurological disorders. Based on our findings, patients with long-term disabilities could benefit from psychotherapy to improve their self-perception and quality of life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The current study explores factors predicting return to work in a sample of patients with neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders who have attended a prevocational readiness and social skills training programme many years after trauma. Participants were community-dwelling adults with long-term disabilities (N = 67). Results of univariate analyses followed by multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that both pre-injury (prior) and post-injury (current) factors influenced the likelihood of employment in our sample: prior employment, current employment readiness, current cognitive competence (particularly memory and executive functioning) and emotional adjustment. Our findings demonstrate that both pre-trauma and current factors interact in predicting return to work not only for individuals with traumatic brain injury (TBI), but also for a broader group of patients with long-term disabilities due to a variety of neurological and neuropsychiatric conditions. Thus, our findings provide preliminary support for ongoing long-term management of individuals with long-term disabilities and warrant close attention of future investigators to potential benefits of cognitive remediation, psychotherapy and vocational rehabilitation in terms of maintenance of initial gains and increased probability of return to work many years after trauma. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

PurposeTo assess psychometric properties of the problem checklist (PCL) in a sample of individuals with neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders many years after trauma; to identify factors that impact life satisfaction and promote functional competence after long-term disability.MethodCross-sectional, interview- and assessment-based study. Participants were community-dwelling adults with disabilities resulting from neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders (N = 53), who participated in a pre-vocational readiness and social skills training program. The Problem Checklist from the New York University Head Injury Family Interview (PCL), a battery of self-rated and clinician-rated measures of social/emotional status, and neuropsychological tests were main outcome measures.ResultsPCL is a valid and reliable instrument with acceptable psychometric properties (reliability coefficients for two scales and the total score are above (0.795). Use of maladaptive coping strategies in our sample was reflected in inverse relationship between depression and denial of disability, and in the tendency to overrate self-reported symptoms by participants with acquired trauma. Considerably lower self-ratings of symptoms across all PCL scales were seen in those of our participants who live with parents.ConclusionsThe study offers initial support for the use of PCL as a measure of long-term functional outcome in individuals with neurological and neuropsychiatric diagnoses. The goal of rehabilitation in patients with long-term disabilities is increase in life satisfaction.Implications for RehabilitationAn important goal of rehabilitation and training programs for individuals with long-term disabilities due to dysfunction of the central nervous system is to improve their quality of life.The HI-FI Problem Checklist (PCL) is a brief and efficient instrument for assessing functional outcomes after long-term disability.This study demonstrated acceptable psychometric properties of the PCL in a sample of 53 individuals participating in a pre-vocational training program and provided initial support for its utility for patients with various diagnoses. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

A study was conducted to characterize a reaction that produces an electrophilic 14-electron titanium center in an environment sterically shielded from both C-H bonds and external coordinating agents. Bond distances and the solid-state structure was represented in the study. The nature and degree of agostic interactions were evaluated with an extended all-electron basis sets. Results indicated the presence of metal-to-saturated carbon atom contacts supported by a substantial orbital overlap.

Purpose: To investigate utility of the Community Integration Questionnaire (CIQ) in a mixed sample of adults with neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders.Method: Cross-sectional, interview-based study. Participants were community-dwelling adults with disabilities resulting from neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders (N = 54), who participated in a pre-vocational readiness and social skills training program. Psychometric properties of the Community Integration Questionnaire (CIQ) were assessed and validated against Mayo-Portland Adaptability Inventory (MPAI) and The Problem Checklist from the New York University Head Injury Family Interview (PCL).Results: Based on the revised scoring procedures, psychometric properties of the CIQ Home Competency scale were excellent, followed by the Total score and Social Integration scale. Productive Activity scale had low content validity and a weak association with the total score. Convergent and discriminant validity of the CIQ were demonstrated by correlation patterns with MPAI scales in the expected direction. Significant relationship was found with PCL Physical/Dependency scale. Significant associations were found with sex, living status, and record of subsequent employment.Conclusions: The results provide support for the use of the CIQ as a measure of participation in individuals with neurological and neuropsychiatric diagnoses and resulting disabilities.Implications for RehabilitationAn important goal of rehabilitation and training programs for individuals with dysfunction of the central nervous system is to promote their participation in social, vocational, and domestic activities.The Community Integration Questionnaire (CIQ) is a brief and efficient instrument for measuring these participation domains.This study demonstrated good psychometric properties and high utility of the CIQ in a sample of 54 individuals participating in a prevocational training program. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]