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Aim Methods Results Conclusion The COVID‐19 pandemic has had negative physical and psychological impacts worldwide. However, there has been a lack of real‐world evidence concerning the predictors of severe psychological distress (SPD) among the general population in Japan during the COVID‐19 pandemic. The aim of this study was to examine predictors of SPD during the COVID‐19 pandemic.We investigated the predictors of new‐onset SPD in the general Japanese population using data from a large‐scale internet‐based cohort study.We included 16 489 study participants (age range = 16–81, mean age = 52.7, percentage of male = 50%) in the analysis. Over the course of 1 year from baseline, the estimated proportion of participants who experienced SPD was 5.2% with inverse probability weighting. The predictors of SPD included younger age, being never married, being unemployed, having a higher education background, scoring higher on the Fear of Coronavirus‐19 Scale, experiencing more adverse childhood experiences, reporting poorer subjective health status, and COVID‐19 with oxygen therapy. Our internet‐based survey of the Japanese population may have selection bias, limiting the generalizability to other countries and cultures.This study revealed that being afflicted with COVID‐19 requiring oxygen therapy is the most significant predictor of SPD. In addition, we found that vulnerability to social isolation, such as never being unmarried, anxiety toward COVID‐19, and susceptibility to stress, are predictors of the emergence of SPD. Therefore, the implementation of online support systems and ensuring access to accurate information may protect against SPD during the COVID‐19 pandemic in Japan. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: This study examined the collective characteristics of nurses and their stress coping style. Methods: We conducted a cluster analysis of the stress coping strategies of 841 nurses belonging to Dokkyo Medical University Hospital, as measured by the Brief COPE (Coping Orientation to Problems Experienced). We also conducted multivariate analyses of each cluster's sociodemographic characteristics, personality traits, depressive symptoms, work attitudes, sense of fairness, and turnover intention. Results: The results of cluster analysis using the standardized z scores of the Brief COPE demonstrated that the study participants were classified into three clusters. The "emotional‐response type" tended to favor the use of emotional support, venting, and self‐blame. The "reality‐escape type" tended to prefer alcohol and substance use, behavioral resignation, use of instrumental support, and lack of acceptance. The "problem‐solving type" tended to prefer planning, positive reframing, and acceptance and to dislike "alcohol and substance use" and behavioral disengagement. A multinomial logistic regression analysis revealed that compared to the problem‐solving type, the emotional‐response type had a lower job title, a higher "neuroticism" score on the TIPI‐J, and a higher K6 score. However, compared to the problem‐solving type, the reality‐escape type was younger, consumed more alcohol and substances, and had a higher K6 score. Conclusions: Stress coping styles were found to be associated with substance use, depressive symptoms, and personality traits among nurses in higher education institutions. Thus, the results suggest that nurses who choose maladaptive stress coping styles require mental support and early identification of depressive symptoms and alcohol problems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease has a fatal neurodegenerative brain disorder caused by a prion protein. Topics include clinical symptoms overlap with of dementia with Lewy bodies and require careful attention in making a diagnosis; and vital signs, chest radiographs, electrocardiograms, and blood tests have all within normal limits.

Aim: Nurses are an essential human resource for the healthcare system. However, high turnover of nurses is a current issue. Reducing the high turnover of nurses is crucial for facilitating the sustainable provision of care in hospitals. The purpose of this study was to explore the factors affecting nurses' intentions to leave among nurses in an advanced medical center., Methods: Using a cross-sectional design, we conducted a questionnaire survey of nurses working at an academic medical center in August 2020. Of the 1063 distributed questionnaires, there were 821 (77.2%) valid responses. The questionnaire included items on the Kessler 6 (K6), New Brief Job Stress Questionnaire (New BJSQ), Organizational Justice Questionnaire (OJQ), and intention to leave a hospital job., Results: Overall, the mean age of the nurses was 34.3 ± 10.1 years and 87.8% (721/821) of them were female. Among respondents, 19.5% (160/821) had a strong intention to leave. After adjusting for all the variables, a logistic regression analysis revealed that longer working hours, job rank (staff nurse), work-self-balance positive (imbalance), workplace harassment (no bullying), and interactional justice (unfair supervisor) were determinants associated with strong intentions to leave., Conclusions: Approximately one-fifth of nurses working at advanced medical center had a strong intention to leave. However, our findings can help managers predict the turnover of nurses by understanding occupational characteristics. Managing work-self-balance and treating staff fairly could improve work environments. Further research focusing on the outcome of actual turnover rather than intention to leave is needed., Competing Interests: Kazutaka Shimoda has received research support from Novartis Pharma, Dainippon Sumitomo Pharma, Astellas Pharma, Meiji Seika Pharma, Eisai, Pfizer, Otsuka Pharmaceutical, Daiichi Sankyo, and Takeda Pharmaceutical and honoraria from Eisai, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma, Takeda Pharmaceutical, Meiji Seika Pharma, Janssen Pharmaceutical, Shionogi, Dainippon Sumitomo Pharma, Daiichi Sankyo, and Pfizer. The remaining authors declare no conflict of interest., (© 2022 The Authors. Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences Reports published by John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd on behalf of Japanese Society of Psychiatry and Neurology.)

Aim: Balancing between personal and working life of nurses is important to increase their job satisfaction and to continue their careers. Our purpose was to investigate the relationship between nurses and work-self balance (WSB) at different phases of life, such as age, marriage and raising children, and the occupational factors that influence WSB that can be used to improve the work environment for nurses., Methods: Using a self-administered questionnaire, we asked about gender, age, marital status, presence of children, working hours, and night shift. Occupational stresses, including WSB, were assessed with the New Brief Job Stress Questionnaire (New BJSQ) and the Organizational Justice Questionnaire (OJQ). The total number of unmarried and married respondents was 819. We investigated whether marital status and cohabiting children make a difference in WSB in the three age groups (less than 30 years, 31-40 years, and more than 41 years) using a Mann-Whitney U test. In addition, we examined occupational factors affecting WSB using multiple regression analysis., Results: The value of WSB negative was significantly greater in the group of married persons than in the group of unmarried persons ( p  < 0.05) and was significantly greater in the group with cohabiting children than in the group without cohabiting children ( p  < 0.01) only in the group aged 31-40 years. Multiple regression analysis indicated that significant occupational factors affecting WSB differed by each age group., Conclusion: This survey showed that the factors and degree of WSB vary according to the generation and family environment of nurses., Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflict of interest.N/A, (© 2022 The Authors. Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences Reports published by John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd on behalf of Japanese Society of Psychiatry and Neurology.)

In the present case, the subject was a 31-year-old woman with obesophobia who restricted her energy intake and repeatedly induced vomiting and misused laxatives after binge eating, which caused a sudden weight loss of 29 kg in approximately 5 months. In January 20XX, the subject was first examined as an outpatient at our psychiatric department at the recommendation of her eldest son. Upon diagnosis of anorexia nervosa, the subject underwent outpatient treatment ; however, there was no improvement in the disturbance in self-per- ceived weight or shape, and the subject voiced her desire to lose weight. In May 20XX, the subject complained of chest pain, pharyngeal pain, and respiratory distress after self-induced vomiting and was, thus, examined at the psychiatric outpatient services. Chest X-ray and chest CT revealed pneumomediastinum and subcutaneous emphysema. Spontaneous oesophageal rupture, a fatal condition, was suspected and, therefore, the subject was transferred to a more advanced medical institution capable of esophageal surgery. After admission, spontane- ous oesophageal rupture was ruled out based on the results of upper gastrointestinal endos- copy with esophagography, and spontaneous pneumomediastinum was diagnosed. The pneu- momediastinum disappeared with conservative treatment ; however, after approximately 8 months, spontaneous pneumomediastinum recurred, following self-induced vomiting. For patients with eating disorders and who are involved in self-induce vomiting, we believe that the vomiting can cause pneumomediastinum, and it is assumed that continuation or recommencement of vomiting can potentially increase the risk that pneumomediastinum will recur. We, therefore, report recurring pneumoediastinum as a physical complication caused by self- induced vomiting that should be noted in clinical practice of the psychiatric department.