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Inactivation of Botrytis cinerea inoculated into sour cherry juice, apricot and peach nectars was determined by pulsed electric fields (PEF) based on the measurement of germination tube elongation, spore germination rate and light and scanning electron (SEM) microscopic observations. With increasing electric field strength and processing time, germination tube elongation and spore germination were completely inhibited (P≤0.05). Microscopic observations revealed considerable morphological alterations such as cytoplasmic coagulation, vacuolations, hyphal shriveling and protoplast leakage. PEF processing of juice/nectars was very effective to inactivate B. cinerea. This method could be used to prevent product loss in fruit juice/nectars due to B. cinerea contamination. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Verticilliumwilt, caused byVerticillium dahliaeKleb., is a major constraint to cotton production in almost all countries where cotton is cultivated. Developing new cotton cultivars resistant toVerticilliumwilt is the most effective and feasible way to combat the problem. Little is known about the inheritance of resistance toVerticilliumwilt of cotton, especially that caused by the defoliating (D) and nondefoliating (ND) pathotypes of the soil-borne fungusV. dahliae. The objective of this study was to determine the inheritance of resistance in cotton against both pathotypes ofV. dahliae. Crosses were made between the susceptible parent‘Cukurova 1518’ and each of four resistant parents PAUM 401, PAUM 403, PAUM 405 and PAUM 406 to produce F2 generations in 2002 and F2:3 families in 2003. Disease responses of parent and progeny populations to the D and ND pathotypes were scored based on a scale of 0–4 (0, resistant; 4, susceptible). F2 populations inoculated with the D pathotype showed a 3 : 1 (resistant : susceptible) plant segregation ratio. Tests of F2:3 families confirmed that resistance was controlled by a single dominant gene. In contrast, analysis of data from F2- and F2-derived F3 families suggested that resistance to the ND pathotype is controlled by dominant alleles at two loci. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on alternaria leaf blight caused by Alternaria dauci on carrot in Turkey. The disease was extensive, with between 73 and 85% of fields inspected in the region being affected. Disease incidence of 65-90% was recorded in affected fields. The distribution of the disease in carrot fields was generally associated with high soil moisture levels, often corresponding to poor drainage. A fungus was consistently isolated from the margins of these lesions, onto potato carrot agar amended with streptomycin sulphate.

The article reports the occurrence of crater rot caused by Rhizoctonia carotae on carrots in Turkey. Primary symptoms seen were a band of dark brown necrosis around the carrot crown and horizontal, brown, canker-like lesions, mostly on the crown and upper roots. Small pits subsequently developed beneath the lesions, which enlarged into sunken brown crater lines with a white, flocculent mycelium produced under high humidity. Fungal colonies were initially white, but turned brown with age. Dark brown to black sclerotia were occasionally produced.