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Background. The most common indication for cholecystectomy in children is cholelithiasis, and routine histopathological examination is performed on all gallbladder specimens. Currently, selective histopathological examination is suggested instead of routine examination due to the low frequency of gallbladder cancer in adults. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the indications, clinical, laboratory and histopathological findings of the cholecystectomy in children. We also questioned the contribution and cost-effectiveness of routine histopathological evaluation in diagnosis and treatment. Methods. A total of 114 children underwent cholecystectomy between the years 2008 and 2022. The clinical findings, laboratory, and imaging results of the patients and histopathological findings of the gallbladder specimens were evaluated retrospectively. Results. Cholelithiasis were diagnosed in 71%, choledochal malformation in 15.8%, hydrops of gallbladder and/ or biliary sludge in 12.3%, and hypoplasia of gallbladder in 0.9% of the patients. Histopathologically significant findings were observed in only 3 patients (2.6%); adenomyomatosis in 2 and angiodysplasia and pyloric metaplasia in 1. While the cost of a cholecystectomy and histopathologic examination combined amounted to 27.77% of the minimum wage in Türkiye in 2024, the histopathologic examination alone constitutes just 0.67% of the minimum wage and 2.4% of the operation fee. Conclusion. In children undergoing cholecystectomy, histopathological examination does not provide any significant contribution to the patient's diagnosis and follow-up management. In children, selective gallbladder histopathological examination might reduce health costs and save time for pathologists. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Previous hypothesis on the predictability of either psychopathological or chronic metabolic disorders by complete blood count (CBC)-derived, low-grade peripheral inflammatory indicators should be considered with caution given the discrepancies in earlier findings. We aimed to examine the predictability of depression with low-grade inflammatory indices in a background of celiac disease (CD) and the association with gluten-free diet compliance by a case-control study in a pediatric sample.Method: A total of 59 children with a biopsyproven CD were mainly compared with 40 controls in terms of depression and anxiety symptoms, as well as global functionality and CBC-derived indices which the previous studies focused on. Laboratory findings and psychiatric symptoms were examined through subgroups by either depression or gluten-free diet (GFD) compliance. Results: Prevalence of depression was 34% in the celiac group and there was a perpetual association of depression with CD. However, none of the CBCderived indices investigated in earlier studies of either depression or CD was found to be differed by the presence of CD, depression, or status of GFD compliance. Discussion: Despite the presence of strong evidence for the role of inflammation on the prevalent comorbidity of depression with CD, the impact of inflammation on the depression-CD relationship was not demonstrated on these subjected markers which have been previously recommended as good indicators of systemic inflammation, however, with a low level of evidence and contradictory findings on predicting inflammation. The predictability of psychiatric and metabolic outcomes based on chronic inflammatory conditions with these CBCderived indices requires further investigation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]