54,705 results on '"Tohoku University"'
Search Results
2. Live@Home.Path: Innovating the Clinical Pathway for Home Dwelling Persons With Dementia and Their Families (LIVE)
- Author
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Haraldsplass Deaconal Hospital, Western Norway University of Applied Sciences, Norwegian Reseach Centre AS (NORCE), Norwegian National Advisory Unit on Ageing and Health, Natioal Association for Public Health, Municipality of Bergen, Municipally of Kristiansund, Municipally of Bærum, The Dignity Centre, Harvard McLean University, Yale School of Medicine, University College, London, University of Leiden, Tohoku University, King's College London, and The University of Hong Kong
- Published
- 2023
3. Randomized Evaluation of Aggressive or Moderate Lipid Lowering Therapy With Pitavastatin in Coronary Artery Disease (REAL-CAD)
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Tokyo University, Yamaguchi University Hospital, Tohoku University, Kyoto University, and Kumamoto University
- Published
- 2021
4. Japanese Upper GI Symptoms Compared With Iranian and Canadian Patients Presenting
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Tohoku University, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, and Paul Moayyedi, Professor
- Published
- 2021
5. Cilostazol-Aspirin Therapy Against Recurrent Stroke With Intracranial Artery Stenosis
- Author
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Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation, Neurology, Tokyo Women's Medical University, School of Medicine, Kobe City General Hospital, Tohoku University, Kyushu University, Department of Neurology, Saiseikai Central Hospital, and China National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases
- Published
- 2017
6. Multicenter Study of Denture Adhesive (DAG)
- Author
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Iwate Medical University, Tohoku University, Tsurumi University, Kanagawa Dental University Junior College, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Osaka Dental University, Hiroshima University, University of Tokushima, Nagasaki University, Kagoshima University, and Yasuhiko Kawai, Professor
- Published
- 2017
7. Dexmedetomidine for Sepsis in ICU Randomized Evaluation Trial (DESIRE)
- Author
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Osaka City University, Hyogo Medical University, Osaka City General Hospital, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, Saga University, Yamaguchi Grand Medical Center, Sapporo Medical University, Tohoku University, Hirosaki University, Kyoto Medical Center, and Yu Kawazoe, Assistant Professor
- Published
- 2017
8. Phase II Study of S-488410 to Treat Non-small Cell Lung Cancer
- Author
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Showa University, Fukushima Medical University, Tohoku University, Shionogi, Tokyo University, University of Chicago, and Yataro Daigo, Professor of Medical Oncology, Director of Cancer Center
- Published
- 2015
9. Effects of Antioxidant Dentifrice on Gingivitis
- Author
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Osaka University, Tohoku University, and Nihon University
- Published
- 2014
10. Decision-making to switch your ERP system: empirical Japanese evidence
- Author
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Tingting Tohoku University
- Subjects
Enterprise Resource Planning ,decision model ,decline stage ,survey ,ERP life cycle ,Management. Industrial management ,HD28-70 - Abstract
A huge research gap in ERP life cycle, the Decline stage, remains. Not only limited empirical evidence is found to support the Decline stage, but also, the existence of this stage is not acknowledged by the majority. On the other hand, because that the Decline stage is short of theory and data support, organizations which are or will be at this stage have little help to deal with what might happen. This research aims at proposing a practical decision model for organizations facing ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning) switching/reversion. The process model of Rasmussen’s Cognitive Control of Decision Processes was adopted as the theory lens to construct the decision model. Based on the survey results from eighteen organizations, a descriptive model - A2O model - is proposed. This research fulfills the blank in the ERP life cycle, provides the empirical supports on exploring the critical issues, and enlightens vendors and consultants on product development and customer service.
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. Eicosapentaenoic Acid Cerebral Vasospasm Therapy Study (EVAS)
- Author
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Nakamura Memorial Hospital, Iwate Medical University, Tohoku University, Ootemachi Hospital, and Eicosapentaenoic acid Cerebral Vasospasm Therapy Study (EVAS) Group
- Published
- 2009
12. Magnetic order in nanoscale gyroid networks
- Author
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European Commission, European Research Council, Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tohoku University, Koshikawa, Ami S., Llandro, Justin, Ohzeki, Masayuki, Fukami, Shunsuke, Ohno, Hideo, Leo, Naëmi, European Commission, European Research Council, Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tohoku University, Koshikawa, Ami S., Llandro, Justin, Ohzeki, Masayuki, Fukami, Shunsuke, Ohno, Hideo, and Leo, Naëmi
- Abstract
Three-dimensional magnetic metamaterials feature interesting phenomena that arise from a delicate interplay of material properties, local anisotropy, curvature, and connectivity. A particularly interesting magnetic lattice that combines these aspects is that of nanoscale gyroids, with a highly interconnected chiral network with local three-connectivity reminiscent of three-dimensional artificial spin ices. Here, we use finite-element micromagnetic simulations to elucidate the anisotropic behavior of nanoscale nickel gyroid networks at applied fields and at remanence. We simplify the description of the micromagnetic spin states with a macrospin model to explain the anisotropic global response, to quantify the extent of icelike correlations, and to discuss qualitative features of the anisotropic magnetoresistance in the three-dimensional network. Our results demonstrate the large variability of the magnetic order in extended gyroid networks, which might enable future spintronic functionalities, including neuromorphic computing and nonreciprocal transport.
- Published
- 2023
13. CNEAS2022
- Author
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Center, for Northeast Asia Studies Tohoku University
- Published
- 2022
14. Development of a new corrosion mitigation technology using nanobubbles toward corrosion mitigation in PCV system under the influence of alpha/beta/gamma-rays radiolysis (Contract research); FY2021 Nuclear Energy Science & Technology and Human Resource Development Project
- Author
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Collaborative Laboratories for Advanced Decommissioning Science and Tohoku University
- Abstract
日本原子力研究開発機構(JAEA)廃炉環境国際共同研究センター(CLADS)では、令和3年度英知を結集した原子力科学技術・人材育成推進事業(以下、「本事業」という)を実施している。本事業は、東京電力ホールディングス株式会社福島第一原子力発電所(1F)の廃炉等を始めとした原子力分野の課題解決に貢献するため、国内外の英知を結集し、様々な分野の知見や経験を、従前の機関や分野の壁を越えて緊密に融合・連携させた基礎的・基盤的研究及び人材育成を推進することを目的としている。平成30年度の新規採択課題から実施主体を文部科学省からJAEAに移行することで、JAEAとアカデミアとの連携を強化し、廃炉に資する中長期的な研究開発・人材育成をより安定的かつ継続的に実施する体制を構築した。本研究は、研究課題のうち、令和2年度に採択された「$\alpha$/$\beta$/$\gamma$線ラジオリシス影響下における格納容器系統内広域防食の実現:ナノバブルを用いた新規防食技術の開発」の令和3年度の研究成果について取りまとめたものである。本研究は、デブリ取り出し工程において、既設のPCVならびに新設の負圧維持系設備・配管など重要な閉じ込め機能を担保する鋼構造物の長期信頼性を確保するため、$\alpha$線放出核種/$\beta$線放出核種と鋼材が接触共存する濡れ環境における腐食現象を初めて明らかにして腐食速度を予測する技術を構築するとともに、PCV等への基本的な適用性に優れ、かつ、副次影響の無い新規防食技術を開発する。具体的には、(1)$\alpha$線/$\beta$線/$\gamma$線の影響を網羅したラジオリシス解析モデルの構築、(2)$\alpha$線放出核種/$\beta$線放出核種を用いた電気化学試験(ホット試験)と系統的な腐食予測・検証試験(コールド模擬試験)によるデータベースの構築、(3)それらに基づいてPCVに附設/挿入する新設設備の材料選定指針の提示、(4)不活性ガスナノバブルを用いた系統内広域防食技術の開発を目的とするものである。3カ年計画の2年目にあたる令和3年度の事業実績は、1.$\alpha$線、$\beta$線照射による腐食影響および気相ラジオリシスの腐食環境への影響、2.PCV・負圧維持系設備等の腐食モード・腐食速度の評価、3.1F複合環境における腐食抑制技術の開発である。, The Collaborative Laboratories for Advanced Decommissioning Science (CLADS), Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA), had been conducting the Nuclear Energy Science \& Technology and Human Resource Development Project (hereafter referred to "the Project") in FY2021. The Project aims to contribute to solving problems in the nuclear energy field represented by the decommissioning of the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station (1F), Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings, Inc. (TEPCO). For this purpose, intelligence was collected from all over the world, and basic research and human resource development were promoted by closely integrating/collaborating knowledge and experiences in various fields beyond the barrier of conventional organizations and research fields. The sponsor of the Project was moved from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology to JAEA since the newly adopted proposals in FY2018. On this occasion, JAEA constructed a new research system where JAEA-academia collaboration is reinforced and medium-to-long term research/development and human resource development contributing to the decommissioning are stably and consecutively implemented. Among the adopted proposals in FY2020, this report summarizes the research results of the "Development of a new corrosion mitigation technology using nanobubbles toward corrosion mitigation in PCV system under the influence of $\alpha$/$\beta$/$\gamma$-rays radiolysis" conducted in FY2021. In this work, in order to ensure the long-term reliability of steel structures that ensure important confinement functions in the debris removal process, such as existing PCVs and newly constructed negative pressure maintenance systems and piping, corrosion phenomena in wet environments where $\alpha$- and $\beta$-ray emitting nuclides come into contact with steel are clarified for the first time. At the same time, we will develop a new corrosion prevention technology that has excellent basic applicability to PCVs
- Published
- 2023
15. Development of a hybrid method for evaluating the long-term structural soundness of nuclear reactor buildings using response monitoring and damage imaging technologies (Contract research); FY2021 Nuclear Energy Science & Technology and Human Resource Development Project
- Author
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Collaborative Laboratories for Advanced Decommissioning Science and Tohoku University
- Abstract
日本原子力研究開発機構(JAEA)廃炉環境国際共同研究センター(CLADS)では、令和3年度英知を結集した原子力科学技術・人材育成推進事業(以下、「本事業」という)を実施している。本事業は、東京電力ホールディングス株式会社福島第一原子力発電所の廃炉等を始めとした原子力分野の課題解決に貢献するため、国内外の英知を結集し、様々な分野の知見や経験を、従前の機関や分野の壁を越えて緊密に融合・連携させた基礎的・基盤的研究及び人材育成を推進することを目的としている。平成30年度の新規採択課題から実施主体を文部科学省からJAEAに移行することで、JAEAとアカデミアとの連携を強化し、廃炉に資する中長期的な研究開発・人材育成をより安定的かつ継続的に実施する体制を構築した。本研究は、研究課題のうち、令和3年度に採択された「建屋応答モニタリングと損傷イメージング技術を活用したハイブリッド型の原子炉建屋長期健全性評価法の開発研究」の令和3年度の研究成果について取りまとめたものである。本研究は、高放射線量率と高汚染のため、現場への接近性が極端に限られるような事故を経験した原子炉建屋の長期構造健全性の見通しを得るために必要な評価手法を開発しようとするものである。3ヵ年計画の初年度である令和3年度は、(1)地震等の外乱応答モニタリングによる建屋の振動性状・応答評価法の開発、(2)電磁波を用いたコンクリート構造物の損傷検知技術の開発、(3)損傷検知情報に基づくコンクリート材料・構造物の性能評価法の開発、(4)総合的な建屋安全性評価手法の開発と長期保全計画の提案、(5)研究推進の研究項目について具体的な研究方法を明確にして研究の方向付けを行うとともに、必要な諸準備を行い、一部の試験や活動を行った。, The Collaborative Laboratories for Advanced Decommissioning Science (CLADS), Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA), had been conducting the Nuclear Energy Science \& Technology and Human Resource Development Project (hereafter referred to "the Project") in FY2021. The Project aims to contribute to solving problems in the nuclear energy field represented by the decommissioning of the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station, Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings, Inc. (TEPCO). For this purpose, intelligence was collected from all over the world, and basic research and human resource development were promoted by closely integrating/collaborating knowledge and experiences in various fields beyond the barrier of conventional organizations and research fields. The sponsor of the Project was moved from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology to JAEA since the newly adopted proposals in FY2018. On this occasion, JAEA constructed a new research system where JAEA-academia collaboration is reinforced and medium-to-long term research/development and human resource development contributing to the decommissioning are stably and consecutively implemented. Among the adopted proposals in FY2021, this report summarizes the research results of the "Development of a hybrid method for evaluating the long-term structural soundness of nuclear reactor buildings using response monitoring and damage imaging technologies" conducted in FY2021. The present study aims to develop an evaluation method necessary to obtain a perspective on the long-term structural soundness of accident-damaged reactor buildings, where accessibility to work sites is extremely limited due to high radiation dose rate and high contamination. In FY2021, the first year of the three-year plan, the following research items were undertaken by clarifying specific research methods, setting research directions, making necessary preparations, and conducting some tests and other activities.
- Published
- 2023
16. Development of high-resolution imaging camera for alpha dust (Contract research); FY2021 Nuclear Energy Science & Technology and Human Resource Development Project
- Author
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Collaborative Laboratories for Advanced Decommissioning Science and Tohoku University
- Abstract
日本原子力研究開発機構(JAEA)廃炉環境国際共同研究センター(CLADS)では、令和3年度英知を結集した原子力科学技術・人材育成推進事業(以下、「本事業」という)を実施している。本事業は、東京電力ホールディングス株式会社福島第一原子力発電所の廃炉等をはじめとした原子力分野の課題解決に貢献するため、国内外の英知を結集し、様々な分野の知見や経験を、従前の機関や分野の壁を越えて緊密に融合・連携させた基礎的・基盤的研究及び人材育成を推進することを目的としている。平成30年度の新規採択課題から実施主体を文部科学省からJAEAに移行することで、JAEAとアカデミアとの連携を強化し、廃炉に資する中長期的な研究開発・人材育成をより安定的かつ継続的に実施する体制を構築した。本研究は、研究課題のうち、平成30年度に採択された「アルファダストの検出を目指した超高位置分解能イメージング装置の開発」の平成30年度から令和3年度の研究成果について取りまとめたものである。本課題は令和3年度が最終年度となるため4年度分の成果を取りまとめた。本研究は、スミヤろ紙上に付着するより細かい$\alpha$線核種を含む微細なダストの詳細な分布を可視化することを可能にする技術の開発を目的の1つとする。この目的を満たすためには、これまでの研究から、シンチレータ信号の効率化と、発光した信号の収集効率の向上が必要であり、その工夫を行い、位置分解能10$\mu$m以下を達成することができた。これらの研究課題の過程で、新たなシンチレータ材料の創成が期待でき、上記の$\alpha$ダストモニタのみならず、多くの応用が期待できた。特に当該研究に関連して、非常に高い線量率場における線量率の分布を、光ファイバーを用いて測定できるかもしれないとの着想を得た。そこで、光ファイバーを用いた高線量率モニタの実証についても、最大数kSv/h程度の線量率下の環境で実施することができた。, The Collaborative Laboratories for Advanced Decommissioning Science (CLADS), Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA), had been conducting the Nuclear Energy Science \& Technology and Human Resource Development Project (hereafter referred to "the Project") in FY2021. The Project aims to contribute to solving problems in the nuclear energy field represented by the decommissioning of the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station, Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings, Inc. (TEPCO). For this purpose, intelligence was collected from all over the world, and basic research and human resource development were promoted by closely integrating/collaborating knowledge and experiences in various fields beyond the barrier of conventional organizations and research fields. The sponsor of the Project was moved from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology to JAEA since the newly adopted proposals in FY2018. On this occasion, JAEA constructed a new research system where JAEA-academia collaboration is reinforced and medium-to-long term research/development and human resource development contributing to the decommissioning are stably and consecutively implemented. Among the adopted proposals in FY2018, this report summarizes the research results of the "Development of high-resolution imaging camera for alpha dust" conducted from FY2018 to FY2021. Since the final year of this proposal was FY2021, the results for four fiscal years were summarized. The present study aims to develop a novel alpha-ray camera consisting of imaging and an energy spectrometer to find the alpha dust to reduce the risk of health damage in decommissioning. We have developed the camera with a position resolution of less than 10 $\mu$m, and the measurement test for the energy spectra was operated using several alpha-ray sources with an unfolding method.
- Published
- 2023
17. The Study of oxidative stress status in the organs exposed to low dose/low dose-rate radiation (Contract research); FY2021 Nuclear Energy Science & Technology and Human Resource Development Project
- Author
-
Collaborative Laboratories for Advanced Decommissioning Science and Tohoku University
- Abstract
日本原子力研究開発機構(JAEA)廃炉環境国際共同研究センター(CLADS)では、令和3年度英知を結集した原子力科学技術・人材育成推進事業(以下、「本事業」という)を実施している。本事業は、東京電力ホールディングス株式会社福島第一原子力発電所(1F)の廃炉等を始めとした原子力分野の課題解決に貢献するため、国内外の英知を結集し、様々な分野の知見や経験を、従前の機関や分野の壁を越えて緊密に融合・連携させた基礎的・基盤的研究及び人材育成を推進することを目的としている。平成30年度の新規採択課題から実施主体を文部科学省からJAEAに移行することで、JAEAとアカデミアとの連携を強化し、廃炉に資する中長期的な研究開発・人材育成をより安定的かつ継続的に実施する体制を構築した。本研究は、研究課題のうち、令和元年度に採択された「低線量・低線量率放射線被ばくによる臓器別酸化ストレス状態の検討」の令和元年度から令和3年度の研究成果について取りまとめたものである。本課題は令和3年度が最終年度となるため3年度分の成果を取りまとめた。本研究は、廃炉作業を含めた原子力・放射線作業従事者の被ばくに該当するような低線量・低線量率放射線への長期被ばくのように、特に1F事故以降に社会的関心が高まっている放射線被ばく影響に関する知見を収集することを目的として実施した。本研究で解明を目指す被ばく線量域の影響解析試料は、1F事故後の旧警戒区域で被ばくした野生ニホンザルから収集した。また、野生動物試料解析結果を検証するために、放射性セシウムに曝露させて飼育した動物実験マウスから解析試料を作成した。放射線影響の指標として酸化ストレスマーカーを指標に体内の酸化ストレス状態とその防御機構の活性のバランスについて検討し、低線量放射線被ばくによる生体の応答反応について検討を行なった。野生ニホンザルの被ばく線量はモンテカルロシミュレーションおよび歯の電子スピン共鳴分析によって評価し、物理指標と生物指標の関連性から放射線影響について検討を行なった。酸化ストレス状態の変動と放射線影響との関連性を検討した学際共同研究である。, The Collaborative Laboratories for Advanced Decommissioning Science (CLADS), Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA), had been conducting the Nuclear Energy Science \& Technology and Human Resource Development Project (hereafter referred to "the Project") in FY2021. The Project aims to contribute to solving problems in the nuclear energy field represented by the decommissioning of the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station (1F), Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings, Inc. (TEPCO). For this purpose, intelligence was collected from all over the world, and basic research and human resource development were promoted by closely integrating/collaborating knowledge and experiences in various fields beyond the barrier of conventional organizations and research fields. The sponsor of the Project was moved from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology to JAEA since the newly adopted proposals in FY2018. On this occasion, JAEA constructed a new research system where JAEA-academia collaboration is reinforced and medium-to-long term research/development and human resource development contributing to the decommissioning are stably and consecutively implemented. Among the adopted proposals in FY2019, this report summarizes the research results of the "The study of oxidative stress status in the organs exposed to low dose/low dose-rate radiation" conducted from FY2019 to FY2021. Since the final year of this proposal was FY2021, the results for three fiscal years were summarized. The present study aims to investigate the biological effects of low dose/low dose-rate radiation exposure, which is of great social interest, on the oxidative stress status of individual organs and will contribute to the collection of scientific data in a dose range to be required. The samples to be analyzed in this study were collected from wild Japanese macaques exposed in the ex-evacuation zone after the accident of 1F.
- Published
- 2023
18. Development of extremely small amount analysis technology for fuel debris analysis (Contract research); FY2021 Nuclear Energy Science & Technology and Human Resource Development Project
- Author
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Collaborative Laboratories for Advanced Decommissioning Science and Tohoku University
- Abstract
日本原子力研究開発機構(JAEA)廃炉環境国際共同研究センター(CLADS)では、令和3年度英知を結集した原子力科学技術・人材育成推進事業(以下、「本事業」という)を実施している。本事業は、東京電力ホールディングス株式会社福島第一原子力発電所(以下、「1F」という)の廃炉等を始めとした原子力分野の課題解決に貢献するため、国内外の英知を結集し、様々な分野の知見や経験を、従前の機関や分野の壁を越えて緊密に融合・連携させた基礎的・基盤的研究及び人材育成を推進することを目的としている。平成30年度の新規採択課題から実施主体を文部科学省からJAEAに移行することで、JAEAとアカデミアとの連携を強化し、廃炉に資する中長期的な研究開発・人材育成をより安定的かつ継続的に実施する体制を構築した。本研究は、研究課題のうち、令和元年度に採択された「燃料デブリ分析のための超微量分析技術の開発」の令和3年度の研究成果について取りまとめたものである。本研究では、燃料デブリの取り扱い、臨界管理、保管管理等に必要な性状把握において、キーとなるアクチノイド核種の化学分析を中心に、最適な試料前処理・分離・分析プロセスを開発し、将来計画されている燃料デブリ分析の効率化・合理化を図るとともに、一連の研究業務における人材育成を通し、1F廃炉推進に資することを目的とする。特に、近年分析化学分野、放射化学分野で成果を上げつつある誘導結合プラズマ質量分析法(ICP-MS/MS)を原子力分野に応用することにより、測定核種を単離するための前処理をせずに高精度で分析できる手法を開発し、分離前処理を省力化し、迅速な分析工程を確立する。, The Collaborative Laboratories for Advanced Decommissioning Science (CLADS), Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA), had been conducting the Nuclear Energy Science \& Technology and Human Resource Development Project (hereafter referred to "the Project") in FY2021. The Project aims to contribute to solving problems in the nuclear energy field represented by the decommissioning of the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station (1F), Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings, Inc. (TEPCO). For this purpose, intelligence was collected from all over the world, and basic research and human resource development were promoted by closely integrating/collaborating knowledge and experiences in various fields beyond the barrier of conventional organizations and research fields. The sponsor of the Project was moved from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology to JAEA since the newly adopted proposals in FY2018. On this occasion, JAEA constructed a new research system where JAEA-academia collaboration is reinforced and medium-to-long term research/development and human resource development contributing to the decommissioning are stably and consecutively implemented. Among the adopted proposals in FY2019, this report summarizes the research results of the "Development of extremely small amount analysis technology for fuel debris analysis" conducted in FY2021. Understanding the properties of fuel debris is necessary for handling, criticality control, storage control, etc. A key technique is the chemical analysis of actinide nuclides. We develop sample pretreatment technology and separation / analysis process required for chemical analysis. The purpose of this study is to streamline future planned fuel debris analysis. To promote 1F decommissioning, we will train human resources through on-the-job training. In particular, we will apply the extremely small amount analysis (ICP-MS/MS), which has recently been successful in the fields of analytical chemistry
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- 2023
19. A New Method for Determining Fluid Flux at High Pressures Applied to the Dehydration of Serpentinites
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Eberhard, L., Thielmann, M., Eichheimer, P., Néri, A., Suzuki, A., Ohl, M., Fujita, W., Uesugi, K., Nakamura, M., Golabek, G. J., Frost, D. J., 1 Bayerisches Geoinstitut University of Bayreuth Bayreuth Germany, 4 Department of Earth Science Tohoku University Sendai Japan, 2 Department of Earth Sciences Utrecht University Utrecht The Netherlands, and 5 Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute (JASRI/Spring‐8) Hyogo Japan
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Geophysics ,ddc:552.4 ,Geochemistry and Petrology ,fluid flux ,multi‐anvil ,serpentine ,excess pressure ,dehydration ,brucite - Abstract
A new method to determine fluid flux at high pressures and temperatures has been developed and used to study serpentinites at subduction zone conditions. Drill cores of a natural antigorite‐serpentinite with a strong foliation were used in multi‐anvil experiments in the range of 2–5 GPa and 450–800°C. Fluids released upon dehydration are fixed by the formation of brucite in an adjacent fluid sink. The amount and distribution of brucite serves as a proxy for fluid flow. In our specific setup the sample reacted with the surrounding fluid sink to form an additional layer of olivine, which has the potential to limit fluid flux within our experiments. For conditions prior to serpentine dehydration we used Al(OH)3 as fluid source. Fluid in this experiment did not migrate through the serpentinite, indicating that serpentine has a low diffusivity. The experiments also show that small deviatoric stresses have an influence on the fluid flux and can cause an anisotropic fluid flux. Comparison between the time scales of the determined fluid flux with fluid production rates indicates fluid pressure buildup during dehydration reactions. Adjacent less permeable layers can inhibit fluid flux and cause fluid pressure buildup even at conditions when an interconnected pore space formed., Plain Language Summary: Subduction zones are regions where tectonic plates are recycled into the Earth's interior. Prior to subduction, the plates experienced extensive chemical interaction with the ocean water, forming hydrous minerals. Serpentine is an important hydrous mineral that can transport significant amounts of water into the Earth's interior. During subduction both pressure and temperature increase whereby hydrous minerals break down and release their water. The fluid migrates into the overlying mantle wedge, where it accounts for hydration as well as melting processes. The global flux balances would require this process to be very effective. However, it was so far not possible to measure the fluid flux at the subduction zone conditions in laboratories. In this study, we present a new method to determine the fluid flux prior and during dehydration. We found that prior to dehydration, the fluid flux in serpentinites is small. During dehydration the rocks ability to let fluids pass through increases. However, adjacent rocks with a low ability for fluid transport can further inhibit a fluid flux at these conditions. Generally, our experimental setup can be used for any system that immobilizes migrating fluids by hydration reactions., Key Points: A new method to determine fluid flux at high pressure and temperature conditions is developed. Slow fluid migration in serpentinites promotes brittle fracturing in subduction zones. Fast fluid migration upon dehydration of serpentinites promotes large‐scale fluid flux, if not inhibited by adjacent less permeable layers., Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001659, JSPS Japanese‐German Graduate Externship, Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100003246, https://doi.org/10.24416/UU01-PB440D
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- 2022
20. New evidence of arsenic translocation and accumulation in Pteris vittata from real‐time imaging using positron‐emitting 74As tracer
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Yi, Huang‐Takeshi Kohda (Tohoku University), Zhaojie, Qian (Tohoku University), Mei‐Fang, Chien (Tohoku University), Keisuke, Miyauchi (Tohoku Gakuin University), Ginro, Endo (Tohoku Gakuin University), Nobuo, Suzui, Yin, Yonggen, Naoki, Kawachi, Hayato, Ikeda (Tohoku University), Hiroshi, Watabe (Tohoku University), Hidetoshi, Kikunaga (Tohoku University), Nobuyuki, Kitajima (Fujita Corporation), Chihiro, Inoue (Tohoku University), Yi, Huang‐Takeshi Kohda (Tohoku University), Zhaojie, Qian (Tohoku University), Mei‐Fang, Chien (Tohoku University), Keisuke, Miyauchi (Tohoku Gakuin University), Ginro, Endo (Tohoku Gakuin University), Nobuo, Suzui, Yin, Yonggen, Naoki, Kawachi, Hayato, Ikeda (Tohoku University), Hiroshi, Watabe (Tohoku University), Hidetoshi, Kikunaga (Tohoku University), Nobuyuki, Kitajima (Fujita Corporation), and Chihiro, Inoue (Tohoku University)
- Abstract
Pteris vittata is an arsenic (As) hyperaccumulator plant that accumulates a large amount of As into fronds and rhizomes (around 16,000 mg/kg in both after 16 weeks hydroponic cultivation with 30 mg/L arsenate). However, the sequence of long‐distance transport of As in this hyperaccumulator plant is unclear. In this study, we used a positron‐emitting tracer imaging system (PETIS) for the first time to obtain noninvasive serial images of As behavior in living plants with positron‐emitting 74As‐labeled tracer. We found that As kept accumulating in rhizomes as in fronds of P. vittata, whereas As was retained in roots of a non‐accumulator plant Arabidopsis thaliana. Autoradiograph results of As distribution in P. vittata showed that with low As exposure, As was predominantly accumulated in young fronds and the midrib and rachis of mature fronds. Under high As exposure, As accumulation shifted from young fronds to mature fronds, especially in the margin of pinna, which resulted in necrotic symptoms, turning the marginal color to gray and then brown. Our results indicated that the function of rhizomes in P. vittata was As accumulation and the regulation of As translocation to the mature fronds to protect the young fronds under high As exposure.
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- 2021
21. Sound Velocity Measurements of B2‐Fe‐Ni‐Si Alloy Under High Pressure by Inelastic X‐Ray Scattering: Implications for the Composition of Earth's Core
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Dominijanni, S., McCammon, C. A., Ohtani, E., Ikuta, D., Sakamaki, T., Ishii, T., Criniti, G., Dubrovinsky, L. S., Khandarkhaeva, S., Fedotenko, T., Glazyrin, K., Uchiyama, H., Fukui, H., Baron, A. Q. R., 1 Bayerisches Geoinstitut University of Bayreuth Bayreuth Germany, 2 Department of Earth and Planetary Materials Science Graduate School of Science Tohoku University Sendai Japan, 3 Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research Beijing China, 4 Photon Science Deutsches Elektronen Synchrotron Hamburg Germany, and 5 Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute Sayo‐gun Japan
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Geophysics ,ddc:550 ,General Earth and Planetary Sciences ,ddc:551.112 - Abstract
Elastic properties of B2‐Fe0.67Ni0.06Si0.27 (15 wt.% Si) alloy have been investigated by combined high‐resolution inelastic X‐ray scattering and powder X‐ray diffraction in diamond anvil cells up to 100 GPa at room temperature. Densities (ρ), compressional (VP) and shear (VS) wave velocities were extrapolated to inner core conditions to enable comparison with the preliminary reference Earth model. The modeled aggregate compressional and shear wave velocities and densities of the two‐phase mixture of B2‐Fe0.67Ni0.06Si0.27 and hcp‐Fe‐Ni are consistent with inner core PREM values of VP, VS, and ρ based on a linear mixing model with 30(5) vol % B2‐Fe0.67Ni0.06Si0.27 and 70(5) vol % hcp Fe‐Ni, which corresponds to ∼3–5 wt.% Si and ∼5–12 wt.% Ni., Plain Language Summary: The composition of the inner core holds key information about how Earth evolved and how current processes such as the geomagnetic field work. Because the core cannot be directly sampled, our best estimates of its composition are based on the comparison of geophysical data with laboratory measurements of candidate materials. Decades of study have shown the inner core to be composed mainly of iron (with a minor amount of nickel) alloyed with one or more light elements, such as silicon. However, the effect of Si on the geophysical properties of Fe‐Ni alloys is not well established. In this study, we performed laboratory experiments to determine the density and sound velocity of Fe‐Ni‐Si alloy under extreme pressure conditions. We compared our results with seismological determinations and found that Earth's inner core can be accounted for by a mechanical mixture of cubic Fe‐Ni‐Si and hexagonal Fe‐Ni alloys. This mixture has a bulk composition of ∼3–5 weight % Si and ∼5–12 weight % Ni and is consistent with geophysical constraints., Key Points: Sound velocities and densities of B2‐Fe‐Ni‐Si alloy are determined at high pressure, up to 100 GPa, using inelastic X‐ray scattering and X‐ray diffraction. Seismologically observed compressional and shear wave velocities and density of Earth's inner core can be accounted for by a two‐phase mixture of 30 vol % B2‐Fe‐Ni‐Si and 70 vol % hcp Fe‐Ni alloys. Extrapolated results at inner core boundary conditions are consistent with an inner core composition containing ∼3–5 wt.% Si and ∼5–12 wt.% Ni., Japan Society for the Promotion of Science http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001691, Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001659, JSPS Japanese‐German graduate externship, https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.13370795.v1, https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.13370792.v1
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- 2022
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22. Development of a new corrosion mitigation technology using nanobubbles toward corrosion mitigation in PCV system under the influence of alpha/beta/gamma-rays radiolysis (Contract research); FY2020 Nuclear Energy Science & Technology and Human Resource Development Project
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Collaborative Laboratories for Advanced Decommissioning Science and Tohoku University
- Abstract
日本原子力研究開発機構(JAEA)廃炉環境国際共同研究センター(CLADS)では、令和2年度英知を結集した原子力科学技術・人材育成推進事業(以下、「本事業」という)を実施している。本事業は、東京電力ホールディングス株式会社福島第一原子力発電所の廃炉等をはじめとした原子力分野の課題解決に貢献するため、国内外の英知を結集し、様々な分野の知見や経験を、従前の機関や分野の壁を越えて緊密に融合・連携させた基礎的・基盤的研究及び人材育成を推進することを目的としている。平成30年度の新規採択課題から実施主体を文部科学省からJAEAに移行することで、JAEAとアカデミアとの連携を強化し、廃炉に資する中長期的な研究開発・人材育成をより安定的かつ継続的に実施する体制を構築した。本研究は、研究課題のうち、令和2年度に採択された「$\alpha$/$\beta$/$\gamma$線ラジオリシス影響下における格納容器系統内広域防食の実現: ナノバブルを用いた新規防食技術の開発」の令和2年度の研究成果について取りまとめたものである。本研究は、デブリ取り出し工程において、既設のPCVならびに新設の負圧維持系設備・配管など重要な閉じ込め機能を担保する鋼構造物の長期信頼性を確保するため、$\alpha$線放出核種/$\beta$線放出核種と鋼材が接触共存する濡れ環境における腐食現象を初めて明らかにして腐食速度を予測する技術を構築するとともに、PCV等への基本的な適用性に優れ、かつ、副次影響の無い新規防食技術を開発する。具体的には、(1)$\alpha$線/$\beta$線/$\gamma$線の影響を網羅したラジオリシス解析モデルの構築、(2)$\alpha$線放出核種/$\beta$線放出核種を用いた電気化学試験(ホット試験)と系統的な腐食予測・検証試験(コールド模擬試験)によるデータベースの構築、(3)それらに基づいてPCVに附設/挿入する新設設備の材料選定指針の提示、(4)不活性ガスナノバブルを用いた系統内広域防食技術の開発を目的とするものである。, The Collaborative Laboratories for Advanced Decommissioning Science (CLADS), Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA), had been conducting the Nuclear Energy Science \& Technology and Human Resource Development Project (hereafter referred to "the Project") in FY2020. The Project aims to contribute to solving problems in the nuclear energy field represented by the decommissioning of the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station, Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings, Inc. (TEPCO). For this purpose, intelligence was collected from all over the world, and basic research and human resource development were promoted by closely integrating/collaborating knowledge and experiences in various fields beyond the barrier of conventional organizations and research fields. The sponsor of the Project was moved from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology to JAEA since the newly adopted proposals in FY2018. On this occasion, JAEA constructed a new research system where JAEA-academia collaboration is reinforced and medium-to-long term research/development and human resource development contributing to the decommissioning are stably and consecutively implemented. Among the adopted proposals in FY2020, this report summarizes the research results of the "Development of a new corrosion mitigation technology using nanobubbles toward corrosion mitigation in PCV system under the influence of $\alpha$/$\beta$/$\gamma$-rays radiolysis" conducted in FY2020. In this work, in order to ensure the long-term reliability of steel structures that ensure important confinement functions in the debris removal process, such as existing PCVs and newly constructed negative pressure maintenance systems and piping, corrosion phenomena in wet environments where $\alpha$- and $\beta$-ray emitting nuclides come into contact with steel are clarified for the first time. At the same time, we will develop a new corrosion prevention technology that has excellent basic applicability to PCVs and has
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- 2022
23. Basic research on the stability of fuel debris including alloy phase (Contract research); FY2020 Nuclear Energy Science & Technology and Human Resource Development Project
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Collaborative Laboratories for Advanced Decommissioning Science and Tohoku University
- Abstract
日本原子力研究開発機構(JAEA)廃炉環境国際共同研究センター(CLADS)では、令和2年度英知を結集した原子力科学技術・人材育成推進事業(以下、「本事業」という)を実施している。本事業は、東京電力ホールディングス株式会社福島第一原子力発電所(以下、「福島第一原発」という)の廃炉等をはじめとした原子力分野の課題解決に貢献するため、国内外の英知を結集し、様々な分野の知見や経験を、従前の機関や分野の壁を越えて緊密に融合・連携させた基礎的・基盤的研究及び人材育成を推進することを目的としている。平成30年度の新規採択課題から実施主体を文部科学省からJAEAに移行することで、JAEAとアカデミアとの連携を強化し、廃炉に資する中長期的な研究開発・人材育成をより安定的かつ継続的に実施する体制を構築した。本研究は、研究課題のうち、平成30年度に採択された「合金相を含む燃料デブリの安定性評価のための基盤研究」の平成30年度から令和3年度の研究成果について取りまとめたものである(令和3年度まで契約延長)。本課題は令和3年度が最終年度となるため4年度分の成果を取りまとめた。本研究は、福島第一原発炉内にて、SUS配管や圧力容器等の構造材と溶融した燃料や被覆管成分が高温で反応して形成された合金相を含む燃料デブリに着目し、UO$_{2}$-SUS系やUO$_{2}$-Zr(ZrO$_{2}$)-SUS系の模擬デブリを高温熱処理により合成し、化学的特性や水中への溶出挙動を測定するとともに、模擬デブリの酸化物相および合金相の経年変化を分光学的に分析する研究・開発を行う。, The Collaborative Laboratories for Advanced Decommissioning Science (CLADS), Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA), had been conducting the Nuclear Energy Science \& Technology and Human Resource Development Project (hereafter referred to "the Project") in FY2020. The Project aims to contribute to solving problems in the nuclear energy field represented by the decommissioning of the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station, Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings, Inc. (TEPCO). For this purpose, intelligence was collected from all over the world, and basic research and human resource development were promoted by closely integrating/collaborating knowledge and experiences in various fields beyond the barrier of conventional organizations and research fields. The sponsor of the Project was moved from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology to JAEA since the newly adopted proposals in FY2018. On this occasion, JAEA constructed a new research system where JAEA-academia collaboration is reinforced and medium-to-long term research/development and human resource development contributing to the decommissioning are stably and consecutively implemented. Among the adopted proposals in FY2018, this report summarizes the research results of the "Basic research on the stability of fuel debris including alloy phase" conducted from FY2018 to FY2021 (this contract was extended to FY2021). Since the final year of this proposal was FY2021, the results for four fiscal years were summarized. The present study focus on fuel debris consisting of oxide phase and alloy phase generated by the high temperature chemical reaction between structure materials (SUS pipes, pressure vessels, etc.) and fuels (melted fuels, claddings components, etc.). We synthesize the simulated debris of UO$_{2}$-SUS system and UO$_{2}$-Zr(ZrO$_{2}$)-SUS system by high-temperature heat treatment, and measure their chemical property and dissolution behavior in water. Also, we will conduct
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- 2022
24. AIMResearch - Research Highlights 2020
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Advanced Institute for Materials Research Tohoku University
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- 2021
25. Development of a Financial Efficacy Scale for Adults in Japanese: Validity and Reliability
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Tohoku University
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Developmental and Educational Psychology ,Education - Published
- 2020
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26. IRIDeS NEWs 2020
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IRIDeS, Tohoku University
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- 2020
27. IMR KINKEN Research Highlights 2022
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Institute, for Materials Research Tohoku University
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- 2022
28. Continental Break‐Up Under a Convergent Setting: Insights From P Wave Radial Anisotropy Tomography of the Woodlark Rift in Papua New Guinea
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Yu, Youqiang, Tilmann, Frederik, Zhao, Dapeng, Gao, Stephen S., Liu, Kelly H., 2 GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences Potsdam Germany, 5 Department of Geophysics Graduate School of Science Tohoku University Sendai Japan, and 3 Geology and Geophysics Program Missouri University of Science and Technology Rolla MO USA
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Geophysics ,radial anisotropy ,slab downwelling ,ddc:551 ,500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::550 Geowissenschaften, Geologie::550 Geowissenschaften ,General Earth and Planetary Sciences ,Woodlark rift ,decompression melting ,slab‐pull ,ultra‐high pressure rock - Abstract
To explore the dynamic mechanism of continental rifting within a convergent setting, we determine the first P wave radial anisotropic tomography beneath the Woodlark rift in southeastern Papua New Guinea, which develops within the obliquely colliding zone between the Australian and southwest Pacific plates. The rift zone is depicted as localized low‐velocity anomalies with positive radial anisotropy, which rules out a dominant role of active mantle upwelling in promoting the rift development and favors passive rifting with decompression melting as main processes. Downwelling slab relics in the upper mantle bounding the rift zone are revealed based on observed high‐velocity anomalies and negative radial anisotropy, which may contribute to the ultra‐high pressure rock exhumations and rift initiation. Our observations thus indicate that the Woodlark rift follows a passive model and is mainly driven by slab pull from the northward subduction of the Solomon plate., Plain Language Summary: The Woodlark rift in Papua New Guinea develops within the shear zone between the Australian and southwest Pacific plates and is one of the youngest and most rapidly extending continental rifts in the world. In this work, we analyze teleseismic P wave arrivals to study both 3‐D velocity and radial anisotropy structures of the upper mantle, offering new evidence to understand rift initiation under a generally convergent setting. Slab remnants in the upper mantle bordering the rift zone are detected and sinking into the deeper mantle. Downwelling of these slab segments may induce small scale return flows in the mantle and contribute to exhumation of the ultra‐high pressure rocks and rift development. Significant low‐velocity anomalies are revealed beneath the rift zone and have consistently positive radial anisotropy, which indicates a dominant strain in the horizontal plane and supports a passive rifting model, where mantle material is brought to shallower depths simply as a result of the extension of the lithosphere and melt is produced due to the lowered melting point at reduced pressure (decompression melting). Tensional stresses transferred from slab pull of the northward Solomon subduction are probably driving the rifting., Key Points: P wave radial anisotropic structure beneath the young and highly extended Woodlark rift is constrained from teleseismic tomography. Downwelling of slab relics bordering the rift zone may contribute to ultra‐high pressure rock exhumation and rift development. Slab‐pull drives rift initiation and induces decompression melting in the upper mantle under the rift zone by horizontal stress transfer., National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001809, National Science Foundation (NSF) http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100000001, MEXT | Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001691, Alexander von Humboldt‐Stiftung (Humboldt‐Stiftung) http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100005156, https://doi.org/10.7914/SN/XD_1999, https://doi.org/10.7914/SN/ZN_2010
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- 2022
29. Development of extremely small amount analysis technology for fuel debris analysis (Contract research); FY2020 Nuclear Energy Science & Technology and Human Resource Development Project
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Collaborative Laboratories for Advanced Decommissioning Science and Tohoku University
- Abstract
日本原子力研究開発機構(JAEA)廃炉環境国際共同研究センター(CLADS)では、令和2年度英知を結集した原子力科学技術・人材育成推進事業(以下、「本事業」という)を実施している。本事業は、東京電力ホールディングス株式会社福島第一原子力発電所(以下、「1F」という)の廃炉等をはじめとした原子力分野の課題解決に貢献するため、国内外の英知を結集し、様々な分野の知見や経験を、従前の機関や分野の壁を越えて緊密に融合・連携させた基礎的・基盤的研究及び人材育成を推進することを目的としている。平成30年度の新規採択課題から実施主体を文部科学省からJAEAに移行することで、JAEAとアカデミアとの連携を強化し、廃炉に資する中長期的な研究開発・人材育成をより安定的かつ継続的に実施する体制を構築した。本研究は、研究課題のうち、令和元年度に採択された「燃料デブリ分析のための超微量分析技術の開発」の令和2年度の研究成果について取りまとめたものである。本研究は、燃料デブリの取り扱い、臨界管理、保管管理等に必要な性状把握において、キーとなるアクチノイド核種の化学分析を中心に、最適な試料前処理・分離・分析プロセスを開発し、将来計画されている燃料デブリ分析の効率化・合理化を図るとともに、一連の研究業務における人材育成を通し、1F廃炉推進に資することを目的とする。特に、近年分析化学分野、放射化学分野で成果を上げつつある極微量分析(ICP-MS/MS)を原子力分野に応用することにより測定核種を単離するための前処理をせずに高精度で分析できる手法を開発し、分離前処理を省力化し、迅速な分析工程を確立する。, The Collaborative Laboratories for Advanced Decommissioning Science (CLADS), Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA), had been conducting the Nuclear Energy Science \& Technology and Human Resource Development Project (hereafter referred to "the Project") in FY2020. The Project aims to contribute to solving problems in the nuclear energy field represented by the decommissioning of the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station, Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings, Inc. (TEPCO). For this purpose, intelligence was collected from all over the world, and basic research and human resource development were promoted by closely integrating/collaborating knowledge and experiences in various fields beyond the barrier of conventional organizations and research fields. The sponsor of the Project was moved from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology to JAEA since the newly adopted proposals in FY2018. On this occasion, JAEA constructed a new research system where JAEA-academia collaboration is reinforced and medium-to-long term research/development and human resource development contributing to the decommissioning are stably and consecutively implemented. Among the adopted proposals in FY2019, this report summarizes the research results of the "Development of extremely small amount analysis technology for fuel debris analysis" conducted in FY2020. The fuel debris retrieved from the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station (1F) is analyzed in the second building of the Okuma Analysis and Research Center. The characteristics of fuel debris, such as the mixture of nuclear fuel, reactor components, and concrete, are not clear, and its analysis will be the first attempt in the world. Understanding the properties of fuel debris is necessary for handling, criticality control, storage control, etc. A key technique is the chemical analysis of actinide nuclides. We develop sample pretreatment technology and separation/analysis process required for chemical analysis.
- Published
- 2022
30. Development of high-resolution imaging camera for alpha dust (Contract research); FY2020 Nuclear Energy Science & Technology and Human Resource Development Project
- Author
-
Collaborative Laboratories for Advanced Decommissioning Science and Tohoku University
- Abstract
日本原子力研究開発機構(JAEA)廃炉環境国際共同研究センター(CLADS)では、令和2年度英知を結集した原子力科学技術・人材育成推進事業(以下、「本事業」という)を実施している。本事業は、東京電力ホールディングス株式会社福島第一原子力発電所の廃炉等をはじめとした原子力分野の課題解決に貢献するため、国内外の英知を結集し、様々な分野の知見や経験を、従前の機関や分野の壁を越えて緊密に融合・連携させた基礎的・基盤的研究及び人材育成を推進することを目的としている。平成30年度の新規採択課題から実施主体を文部科学省からJAEAに移行することで、JAEAとアカデミアとの連携を強化し、廃炉に資する中長期的な研究開発・人材育成をより安定的かつ継続的に実施する体制を構築した。本研究は、研究課題のうち、平成30年度に採択された「アルファダストの検出を目指した超高位置分解能イメージング装置の開発」の令和2年度の研究成果について取りまとめたものである。本研究では、廃炉のある段階から作業員が実際に炉内に立ち入る際に、体内被曝の影響が指摘されるアルファ線を放出する核種を含むダストやデブリについての、形状や核種を観測するための装置や素材の開発を目的としている。さらに、作業員が立ち入る前の高線量率場での分布測定についても計測するための装置や素材についても、その開発を目的とする。令和2年度には、これらの目的に対して、前者は撮像カメラ、エネルギー測定部位、および、それらを統合したシステム開発と実証を行うことができた。また、後者についても、令和元年度に引き続き、新しい赤色・近赤外発光シンチレータ材料の開発と実証試験を行うことができた。, The Collaborative Laboratories for Advanced Decommissioning Science (CLADS), Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA), had been conducting the Nuclear Energy Science \& Technology and Human Resource Development Project (hereafter referred to "the Project") in FY2020. The Project aims to contribute to solving problems in the nuclear energy field represented by the decommissioning of the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station, Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings, Inc. (TEPCO). For this purpose, intelligence was collected from all over the world, and basic research and human resource development were promoted by closely integrating/collaborating knowledge and experiences in various fields beyond the barrier of conventional organizations and research fields. The sponsor of the Project was moved from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology to JAEA since the newly adopted proposals in FY2018. On this occasion, JAEA constructed a new research system where JAEA-academia collaboration is reinforced and medium-to-long term research/development and human resource development contributing to the decommissioning are stably and consecutively implemented. Among the adopted proposals in FY2018, this report summarizes the research results of the "Development of high-resolution imaging camera for alpha dust" conducted in FY2020. The present study aims to develop a novel alpha-ray camera consisting of imaging and an energy spectrometer to find the alpha dust to reduce the risk of health damage in Decommissioning. We have developed the camera in FY2020, and the measurement test for the energy spectra. Moreover, the imaging test has been operated. In addition, we have also developed a high-dose-rate monitor system using novel scintillators with red/infra-red emission.
- Published
- 2022
31. The Study of oxidative stress status in the organs exposed to low dose/low dose-rate radiation (Contract research); FY2020 Nuclear Energy Science & Technology and Human Resource Development Project
- Author
-
Collaborative Laboratories for Advanced Decommissioning Science and Tohoku University
- Abstract
日本原子力研究開発機構(JAEA)廃炉環境国際共同研究センター(CLADS)では、令和2年度英知を結集した原子力科学技術・人材育成推進事業(以下、「本事業」という)を実施している。本事業は、東京電力ホールディングス株式会社福島第一原子力発電所の廃炉等をはじめとした原子力分野の課題解決に貢献するため、国内外の英知を結集し、様々な分野の知見や経験を、従前の機関や分野の壁を越えて緊密に融合・連携させた基礎的・基盤的研究及び人材育成を推進することを目的としている。平成30年度の新規採択課題から実施主体を文部科学省からJAEAに移行することで、JAEAとアカデミアとの連携を強化し、廃炉に資する中長期的な研究開発・人材育成をより安定的かつ継続的に実施する体制を構築した。本研究は、研究課題のうち、令和元年度に採択された「低線量・低線量率放射線被ばくによる臓器別酸化ストレス状態の検討」の令和2年度の研究成果について取りまとめたものである。本研究は、廃炉作業などの社会的関心が高い低線量・低線量率長期放射線被ばく影響に関する知見を収集するために、福島第一原子力発電所事故後の旧警戒区域で被ばくした野生ニホンザルや動物実験マウスの試料解析を通じて持続的な酸化ストレスと放射線影響との関連性を検討する。被ばく線量評価グループと生物影響解析グループが参画し、被ばく線量と科学的知見が必要とされている被ばく領域の生物影響の相関を検討する学際共同研究である。, The Collaborative Laboratories for Advanced Decommissioning Science (CLADS), Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA), had been conducting the Nuclear Energy Science \& Technology and Human Resource Development Project (hereafter referred to "the Project") in FY2020. The Project aims to contribute to solving problems in the nuclear energy field represented by the decommissioning of the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station, Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings, Inc. (TEPCO). For this purpose, intelligence was collected from all over the world, and basic research and human resource development were promoted by closely integrating/collaborating knowledge and experiences in various fields beyond the barrier of conventional organizations and research fields. The sponsor of the Project was moved from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology to JAEA since the newly adopted proposals in FY2018. On this occasion, JAEA constructed a new research system where JAEA-academia collaboration is reinforced and medium-to-long term research/development and human resource development contributing to the decommissioning are stably and consecutively implemented. Among the adopted proposals in FY2019, this report summarizes the research results of the "The study of oxidative stress status in the organs exposed to low dose/low dose-rate radiation" conducted in FY2020. The present study aims to investigate the biological effects of low dose/low dose-rate radiation exposure, which is of great social interest, on the oxidative stress status of individual organs and will contribute to the collection of scientific data in a dose range to be required. An interdisciplinary collaborative study discussed the correlation between radiation dose and the biological effect by analyzing the samples of wild Japanese macaques exposed to radiation due to the accident of Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station and of animal experiments.
- Published
- 2022
32. AIMResearch - Research Highlights 2019
- Author
-
Advanced Institute for Materials Research Tohoku University
- Published
- 2020
33. IRIDeS NEWs 2019
- Author
-
IRIDeS, Tohoku University
- Published
- 2019
34. IMR KINKEN Research Highlights 2021
- Author
-
Institute, for Materials Research Tohoku University
- Published
- 2021
35. Development of extremely small amount analysis technology for fuel debris analysis (Contract research); FY2019 Nuclear Energy Science & Technology and Human Resource Development Project
- Author
-
Collaborative Laboratories for Advanced Decommissioning Science and Tohoku University
- Abstract
日本原子力研究開発機構(JAEA)廃炉環境国際共同研究センター(CLADS)では、令和元年度英知を結集した原子力科学技術・人材育成推進事業(以下、「本事業」という)を実施している。本事業は、東京電力ホールディングス福島第一原子力発電所の廃炉等をはじめとした原子力分野の課題解決に貢献するため、国内外の英知を結集し、様々な分野の知見や経験を、従前の機関や分野の壁を越えて緊密に融合・連携させた基礎的・基盤的研究及び人材育成を推進することを目的としている。平成30年度の新規採択課題から実施主体を文部科学省からJAEAに移行することで、JAEAとアカデミアとの連携を強化し、廃炉に資する中長期的な研究開発・人材育成をより安定的かつ継続的に実施する体制を構築した。本研究は、研究課題のうち「燃料デブリ分析のための超微量分析技術の開発」の令和元年度の研究成果について取りまとめたものである。本研究では、燃料デブリの取り扱い、臨界管理、保管管理等に必要な性状把握において、キーとなるアクチノイド核種の化学分析を中心に、最適な試料前処理・分離・分析プロセスを開発し、将来計画されている燃料デブリ分析の効率化・合理化を図るとともに、一連の研究業務における人材育成を通し、1F廃炉推進に資することを目的とする。特に、近年分析化学分野,放射化学分野で成果を上げつつある極微量分析(ICP-MS/MS)を原子力分野に応用することにより測定核種を単離するための前処理をせずに高精度で分析できる手法を開発し、分離前処理の省力化し、迅速な分析工程を確立する。, JAEA/CLADS had been conducting the Nuclear Energy Science \& Technology and Human Resource Development Project in FY2019. Among the adopted proposals in FY2019, this report summarizes the research results of the "Development of extremely small amount analysis technology for fuel debris analysis" conducted in FY2019.
- Published
- 2021
36. Basic research on the stability of fuel debris including alloy phase (Contract research); FY2019 Nuclear Energy Science & Technology and Human Resource Development Project
- Author
-
Collaborative Laboratories for Advanced Decommissioning Science and Tohoku University
- Abstract
日本原子力研究開発機構(JAEA)廃炉環境国際共同研究センター(CLADS)では、令和元年度英知を結集した原子力科学技術・人材育成推進事業(以下、「本事業」という)を実施している。本事業は、東京電力ホールディングス福島第一原子力発電所の廃炉等をはじめとした原子力分野の課題解決に貢献するため、国内外の英知を結集し、様々な分野の知見や経験を、従前の機関や分野の壁を越えて緊密に融合・連携させた基礎的・基盤的研究及び人材育成を推進することを目的としている。平成30年度の新規採択課題から実施主体を文部科学省からJAEAに移行することで、JAEAとアカデミアとの連携を強化し、廃炉に資する中長期的な研究開発・人材育成をより安定的かつ継続的に実施する体制を構築した。本研究は、研究課題のうち、平成30年度に採択された「合金相を含む燃料デブリの安定性評価のための基盤研究」の令和元年度の研究成果について取りまとめたものである。本研究は、福島第一原発炉内にて、SUS配管や圧力容器等の構造材と溶融した燃料や被覆管成分が高温で反応して形成された合金相を含む燃料デブリに着目し、UO$_{2}$-SUS系やUO$_{2}$-Zr(ZrO$_{2}$)-SUS系の模擬デブリを高温熱処理により合成し、化学的特性や水中への溶出挙動を測定するとともに、模擬デブリの酸化物相および合金相の経年変化を分光学的に分析する研究・開発を行う。, The Collaborative Laboratories for Advanced Decommissioning Science (CLADS), Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA), had been conducting the Nuclear Energy Science \& Technology and Human Resource Development Project (hereafter referred to "the Project") in FY2019. The Project aims to contribute to solving problems in the nuclear energy field represented by the decommissioning of the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station, Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings, Inc. (TEPCO). For this purpose, intelligence was collected from all over the world, and basic research and human resource development were promoted by closely integrating/collaborating knowledge and experiences in various fields beyond the barrier of conventional organizations and research fields. The sponsor of the Project was moved from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology to JAEA since the newly adopted proposals in FY2018. On this occasion, JAEA constructed a new research system where JAEA-academia collaboration is reinforced and medium-to-long term research/development and human resource development contributing to the decommissioning are stably and consecutively implemented. Among the adopted proposals in FY2018, this report summarizes the research results of the "Basic Research on the Stability of Fuel Debris Including Alloy Phase" conducted in FY2019. In the present study, we focus on fuel debris consisting of oxide phase and alloy phase generated by the high-temperature chemical reaction between structure materials (SUS pipes, pressure vessels, etc.) and fuels (melted fuels, claddings components, etc.). We synthesize the simulated debris of UO$_{2}$-SUS system and UO$_{2}$-Zr(ZrO$_{2}$)-SUS system by high-temperature heat treatment, and measure their chemical property and dissolution behavior in water. Also, we will conduct research and development to spectroscopically analyze secular changes of oxide phase and alloy phase in the simulated debris.
- Published
- 2021
37. The Study of oxidative stress status in the organs exposed to low dose/low dose-rate radiation (Contract research); FY2019 Nuclear Energy Science & Technology and Human Resource Development Project
- Author
-
Collaborative Laboratories for Advanced Decommissioning Science and Tohoku University
- Abstract
日本原子力研究開発機構(JAEA)廃炉環境国際共同研究センター(CLADS)では、令和元年度英知を結集した原子力科学技術・人材育成推進事業(以下、「本事業」という)を実施している。本事業は、東京電力ホールディングス福島第一原子力発電所の廃炉等をはじめとした原子力分野の課題解決に貢献するため、国内外の英知を結集し、様々な分野の知見や経験を、従前の機関や分野の壁を越えて緊密に融合・連携させた基礎的・基盤的研究及び人材育成を推進することを目的としている。平成30年度の新規採択課題から実施主体を文部科学省からJAEAに移行することで、JAEAとアカデミアとの連携を強化し、廃炉に資する中長期的な研究開発・人材育成をより安定的かつ継続的に実施する体制を構築した。本研究は、研究課題のうち、「低線量・低線量率放射線被ばくによる臓器別酸化ストレス状態の検討」の令和元年度の研究成果について取りまとめたものである。本研究は、社会的関心の高い低線量・低線量率放射線被ばくによって緒臓器の酸化ストレス状態に対する生物影響を検討し、科学的知見が必要とされている被ばく領域の生物影響データを収集することを目指している。被ばく線量評価グループと生物影響解析グループが参画し、福島原発事故によって放射線に被ばくした野生ニホンザルと動物実験マウスから採取した試料の解析結果を用いて被ばく線量と生物影響の相関を検討する学際共同研究である。, The Collaborative Laboratories for Advanced Decommissioning Science (CLADS), Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA), had been conducting the Nuclear Energy Science \& Technology and Human Resource Development Project (hereafter referred to "the Project") in FY2019. The Project aims to contribute to solving problems in the nuclear energy field represented by the decommissioning of the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station, Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings, Inc. (TEPCO). For this purpose, intelligence was collected from all over the world, and basic research and human resource development were promoted by closely integrating/collaborating knowledge and experiences in various fields beyond the barrier of conventional organizations and research fields. The sponsor of the Project was moved from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology to JAEA since the newly adopted proposals in FY2018. On this occasion, JAEA constructed a new research system where JAEA-academia collaboration is reinforced and medium-to-long term research/development and human resource development contributing to the decommissioning are stably and consecutively implemented. Among the adopted proposals in FY2019, this report summarizes the research results of the "The study of oxidative stress status in the organs exposed to low dose/low dose-rate radiation". This study investigates the biological effects of low dose/low dose-rate radiation exposure, which is of great social interest, on the oxidative stress status of individual organs and will contribute to the collection of scientific data in a dose range to be required. An interdisciplinary collaborative study discussed the correlation between radiation dose and the biological effect by analyzing the samples of wild Japanese macaques exposed to radiation due to the accident of Fukushima nuclear power station and of animal experiments.
- Published
- 2021
38. Development of high-resolution imaging camera for alpha dust (Contract research); FY2019 Nuclear Energy Science & Technology and Human Resource Development Project
- Author
-
Collaborative Laboratories for Advanced Decommissioning Science and Tohoku University
- Abstract
日本原子力研究開発機構(JAEA)廃炉環境国際共同研究センター(CLADS)では、令和元年度英知を結集した原子力科学技術・人材育成推進事業(以下、「本事業」という)を実施している。本事業は、東京電力ホールディングス福島第一原子力発電所の廃炉等をはじめとした原子力分野の課題解決に貢献するため、国内外の英知を結集し、様々な分野の知見や経験を、従前の機関や分野の壁を越えて緊密に融合・連携させた基礎的・基盤的研究及び人材育成を推進することを目的としている。平成30年度の新規採択課題から実施主体を文部科学省からJAEAに移行することで、JAEAとアカデミアとの連携を強化し、廃炉に資する中長期的な研究開発・人材育成をより安定的かつ継続的に実施する体制を構築した。本研究は、研究課題のうち、平成30年度に採択された「アルファダストの検出を目指した超高位置分解能イメージング装置の開発」の令和元年度の研究成果について取りまとめたものである。本研究は、福島第一原発の廃炉を進めるうえで、ある段階からは作業員が実際に炉内、ないしは、炉のがれき・破片を解体・撤去する際に、ダストとして舞う放射線核種、特に体内被曝の影響が高いアルファ線を放出する核種などの把握を目指した撮像カメラの開発を行うものである。ダストの把握に必要な10$\mu$m程度以下の優れた位置分解能を達成するために、シンチレータの高性能化、カメラの最適化などに取り組んできた。また、ここで得られた技術をもとに、光ファイバーを用いた超高線量場でのリアルタイム線量モニタの開発も取り組んだ。, The Collaborative Laboratories for Advanced Decommissioning Science (CLADS), Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA), had been conducting the Nuclear Energy Science \& Technology and Human Resource Development Project (hereafter referred to "the Project") in FY2019. The Project aims to contribute to solving problems in the nuclear energy field represented by the decommissioning of the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station, Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings, Inc. (TEPCO). For this purpose, intelligence was collected from all over the world, and basic research and human resource development were promoted by closely integrating/collaborating knowledge and experiences in various fields beyond the barrier of conventional organizations and research fields. The sponsor of the Project was moved from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology to JAEA since the newly adopted proposals in FY2018. On this occasion, JAEA constructed a new research system where JAEA-academia collaboration is reinforced and medium-to-long term research/development and human resource development contributing to the decommissioning are stably and consecutively implemented. Among the adopted proposals in FY2018, this report summarizes the research results of the "Development of high-resolution imaging camera for alpha dust" conducted in FY2019. We have developed an imaging camera with a position resolution of less than approximately 10 $\mu$m to monitor alpha dust in the nuclear plant during the decommissioning process, because the operators avoid to drawing in such dusts. Moreover, we have developed real-time monitor system with optical fiber and scintillator under high dose-rate condition.
- Published
- 2021
39. IMR KINKEN Research Highlights 2020
- Author
-
Institute, for Materials Research Tohoku University
- Published
- 2020
40. AIMResearch - Research Highlights 2018
- Author
-
Advanced Institute for Materials Research Tohoku University
- Published
- 2019
41. Basic research on the stability of fuel debris including alloy phase (Contract research); FY2018 Center of World Intelligence Project for Nuclear Science/Technology and Human Resource Development
- Author
-
Collaborative Laboratories for Advanced Decommissioning Science and Tohoku University
- Abstract
日本原子力研究開発機構(JAEA)廃炉国際共同研究センター(CLADS)では、平成30年度英知を結集した原子力科学技術・人材育成推進事業(以下、「本事業」という)を実施している。本事業は、東京電力ホールディングス福島第一原子力発電所の廃炉等をはじめとした原子力分野の課題解決に貢献するため、国内外の英知を結集し、様々な分野の知見や経験を、従前の機関や分野の壁を越えて緊密に融合・連携させた基礎的・基盤的研究及び人材育成を推進することを目的としている。平成30年度の新規採択課題から実施主体を文部科学省からJAEAに移行することで、JAEAとアカデミアとの連携を強化し、廃炉に資する中長期的な研究開発・人材育成をより安定的かつ継続的に実施する体制を構築した。本研究は、研究課題のうち、平成30年度「合金相を含む燃料デブリの安定性評価のための基盤研究」について取りまとめたものである。本研究は、福島第一原子力発電所炉内にて、SUS配管や圧力容器等の構造材と溶融した燃料や被覆管成分が高温で反応して形成された合金相を含む燃料デブリに着目し、UO$_{2}$-SUS系やUO$_{2}$-Zr(ZrO$_{2}$)-SUS系の模擬デブリを高温熱処理により合成し、化学的特性や水中への溶出挙動を測定するとともに、模擬デブリの酸化物相および合金相の経年変化を分光学的に分析する研究・開発を行う。, JAEA/CLADS, had been conducting the Center of World Intelligence Project for Nuclear Science/Technology and Human Resource Development (hereafter referred to "the Project") in FY2018. The Project aims to contribute to solving problems in nuclear energy field represented by the decommissioning of the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station, Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings, Inc. For this purpose, intelligence was collected from all over the world, and basic research and human resource development were promoted by closely integrating/collaborating knowledge and experiences in various fields beyond the barrier of conventional organizations and research fields. The sponsor of the Project was moved from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology to JAEA since the newly adopted proposals in FY2018. On this occasion, JAEA constructed a new research system where JAEA-academia collaboration is reinforced and medium-to-long term research/development and human resource development contributing to the decommissioning are stably and consecutively implemented. Among the adopted proposals in FY2018, this report summarizes the research results of the "Basic Research on the Stability of Fuel Debris Including Alloy Phase". In the present study, we focus on fuel debris consisting of oxide phase and alloy phase generated by the high-temperature chemical reaction between structure materials (SUS pipes, pressure vessels, etc.) and fuels (melted fuels, claddings components, etc.). We synthesize the simulated debris of UO$_{2}$-SUS system and UO$_{2}$-Zr(ZrO$_{2}$)-SUS system by high-temperature heat treatment, and measure their chemical property and dissolution behavior in water. Also, we will conduct research and development to spectroscopically analyze secular changes of oxide phase and alloy phase in the simulated debris.
- Published
- 2020
42. Development of imaging system with ultra-high spatial resolution aiming to detect alpha-dust (Contract research); FY2018 Center of World Intelligence Project for Nuclear Science/Technology and Human Resource Development
- Author
-
Collaborative Laboratories for Advanced Decommissioning Science and Tohoku University
- Abstract
日本原子力研究開発機構(JAEA)廃炉国際共同研究センター(CLADS)では、平成30年度英知を結集した原子力科学技術・人材育成推進事業(以下、「本事業」という)を実施している。本事業は、東京電力ホールディングス福島第一原子力発電所の廃炉等をはじめとした原子力分野の課題解決に貢献するため、国内外の英知を結集し、様々な分野の知見や経験を、従前の機関や分野の壁を越えて緊密に融合・連携させた基礎的・基盤的研究及び人材育成を推進することを目的としている。平成30年度の新規採択課題から実施主体を文部科学省からJAEAに移行することで、JAEAとアカデミアとの連携を強化し、廃炉に資する中長期的な研究開発・人材育成をより安定的かつ継続的に実施する体制を構築した。本研究は、研究課題のうち、平成30年度「アルファダストの検出を目指した超高位置分解能イメージング装置の開発」について取りまとめたものである。本研究は、デブリ取り出し時に発生する$\alpha$ダストの挙動解明をめざし、アルファ線を新規シンチレータで可視光に変え、レンズとSi-半導体カメラ(CMOSカメラ)による超高解像度(10$\mu$m以下)イメージングと、スペクトルのアンフォールディングによる核種判別を可能とするシステムを試作し、日本原子力研究開発機構のPu燃(ダストサンプラー)で実証試験を実施する。CMOSカメラの感度が高い発光波長をもち、かつ高発光のシンチレータの開発と高純度化、および、単結晶以外の形状での開発が鍵となる。, JAEA/CLADS, had been conducting the Center of World Intelligence Project for Nuclear Science/Technology and Human Resource Development (hereafter referred to "the Project") in FY2018. The Project aims to contribute to solving problems in nuclear energy field represented by the decommissioning of the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station, Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings, Inc. For this purpose, intelligence was collected from all over the world, and basic research and human resource development were promoted by closely integrating/collaborating knowledge and experiences in various fields beyond the barrier of conventional organizations and research fields. Among the adopted proposals in FY2018, this report summarizes the research results of the "Development of Imaging System with Ultra-high Spatial Resolution Aiming to Detect Alpha-dust". In the present study, we have developed a prototype of a system aiming to elucidate the behavior of alpha-dust generated at the time of debris retrieval. In this system, alpha-ray is first converted to visible light by novel scintillator. Then, imaging with ultra-high resolution will be possible using a lens and an Si-semiconductor camera (CMOS camera). Also, it will be possible to identify the species of alpha-ray emitting nuclides by unfolding of the spectra. The demonstration tests of the system will be conducted for dust samplers at the Plutonium Fuel Development Center, JAEA. In the development of the present system, it is important to use scintillator whose emission wavelength is sensitive to the CMOS camera as well as high emission scintillator. Considering these conditions, the key technology will be the improvement of the purity of crystals and optimization of the shapes of the materials including powers.
- Published
- 2020
43. 低線量・低線量率放射線被ばくによる臓器別酸化ストレス状態の検討(委託研究); 令和元年度英知を結集した原子力科学技術・人材育成推進事業
- Author
-
廃炉環境国際共同研究センター, Collaborative Laboratories for Advanced Decommissioning Science, 東北大学, Tohoku University, 廃炉環境国際共同研究センター, Collaborative Laboratories for Advanced Decommissioning Science, 東北大学, and Tohoku University
- Abstract
日本原子力研究開発機構(JAEA)廃炉環境国際共同研究センター(CLADS)では、令和元年度英知を結集した原子力科学技術・人材育成推進事業(以下、「本事業」という)を実施している。本事業は、東京電力ホールディングス福島第一原子力発電所の廃炉等をはじめとした原子力分野の課題解決に貢献するため、国内外の英知を結集し、様々な分野の知見や経験を、従前の機関や分野の壁を越えて緊密に融合・連携させた基礎的・基盤的研究及び人材育成を推進することを目的としている。平成30年度の新規採択課題から実施主体を文部科学省からJAEAに移行することで、JAEAとアカデミアとの連携を強化し、廃炉に資する中長期的な研究開発・人材育成をより安定的かつ継続的に実施する体制を構築した。本研究は、研究課題のうち、「低線量・低線量率放射線被ばくによる臓器別酸化ストレス状態の検討」の令和元年度の研究成果について取りまとめたものである。本研究は、社会的関心の高い低線量・低線量率放射線被ばくによって緒臓器の酸化ストレス状態に対する生物影響を検討し、科学的知見が必要とされている被ばく領域の生物影響データを収集することを目指している。被ばく線量評価グループと生物影響解析グループが参画し、福島原発事故によって放射線に被ばくした野生ニホンザルと動物実験マウスから採取した試料の解析結果を用いて被ばく線量と生物影響の相関を検討する学際共同研究である。, The Collaborative Laboratories for Advanced Decommissioning Science (CLADS), Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA), had been conducting the Nuclear Energy Science & Technology and Human Resource Development Project (hereafter referred to "the Project") in FY2019. The Project aims to contribute to solving problems in the nuclear energy field represented by the decommissioning of the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station, Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings, Inc. (TEPCO). For this purpose, intelligence was collected from all over the world, and basic research and human resource development were promoted by closely integrating/collaborating knowledge and experiences in various fields beyond the barrier of conventional organizations and research fields. The sponsor of the Project was moved from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology to JAEA since the newly adopted proposals in FY2018. On this occasion, JAEA constructed a new research system where JAEA-academia collaboration is reinforced and medium-to-long term research/development and human resource development contributing to the decommissioning are stably and consecutively implemented. Among the adopted proposals in FY2019, this report summarizes the research results of the "The study of oxidative stress status in the organs exposed to low dose/low dose-rate radiation". This study investigates the biological effects of low dose/low dose-rate radiation exposure, which is of great social interest, on the oxidative stress status of individual organs and will contribute to the collection of scientific data in a dose range to be required. An interdisciplinary collaborative study discussed the correlation between radiation dose and the biological effect by analyzing the samples of wild Japanese macaques exposed to radiation due to the accident of Fukushima nuclear power station and of animal experiments., 著者所属: 日本原子力研究開発機構(JAEA), JAEA-Review 2020-048
- Published
- 2021
44. 燃料デブリ分析のための超微量分析技術の開発(委託研究); 令和元年度英知を結集した原子力科学技術・人材育成推進事業
- Author
-
廃炉環境国際共同研究センター, Collaborative Laboratories for Advanced Decommissioning Science, 東北大学, Tohoku University, 廃炉環境国際共同研究センター, Collaborative Laboratories for Advanced Decommissioning Science, 東北大学, and Tohoku University
- Abstract
日本原子力研究開発機構(JAEA)廃炉環境国際共同研究センター(CLADS)では、令和元年度英知を結集した原子力科学技術・人材育成推進事業(以下、「本事業」という)を実施している。本事業は、東京電力ホールディングス福島第一原子力発電所の廃炉等をはじめとした原子力分野の課題解決に貢献するため、国内外の英知を結集し、様々な分野の知見や経験を、従前の機関や分野の壁を越えて緊密に融合・連携させた基礎的・基盤的研究及び人材育成を推進することを目的としている。平成30年度の新規採択課題から実施主体を文部科学省からJAEAに移行することで、JAEAとアカデミアとの連携を強化し、廃炉に資する中長期的な研究開発・人材育成をより安定的かつ継続的に実施する体制を構築した。本研究は、研究課題のうち「燃料デブリ分析のための超微量分析技術の開発」の令和元年度の研究成果について取りまとめたものである。本研究では、燃料デブリの取り扱い、臨界管理、保管管理等に必要な性状把握において、キーとなるアクチノイド核種の化学分析を中心に、最適な試料前処理・分離・分析プロセスを開発し、将来計画されている燃料デブリ分析の効率化・合理化を図るとともに、一連の研究業務における人材育成を通し、1F廃炉推進に資することを目的とする。特に、近年分析化学分野,放射化学分野で成果を上げつつある極微量分析(ICP-MS/MS)を原子力分野に応用することにより測定核種を単離するための前処理をせずに高精度で分析できる手法を開発し、分離前処理の省力化し、迅速な分析工程を確立する。, JAEA/CLADS had been conducting the Nuclear Energy Science & Technology and Human Resource Development Project in FY2019. Among the adopted proposals in FY2019, this report summarizes the research results of the "Development of extremely small amount analysis technology for fuel debris analysis" conducted in FY2019., 著者所属: 日本原子力研究開発機構(JAEA), JAEA-Review 2020-064
- Published
- 2021
45. アルファダストの検出を目指した超高位置分解能イメージング装置の開発(委託研究); 令和元年度英知を結集した原子力科学技術・人材育成推進事業
- Author
-
廃炉環境国際共同研究センター, Collaborative Laboratories for Advanced Decommissioning Science, 東北大学, Tohoku University, 廃炉環境国際共同研究センター, Collaborative Laboratories for Advanced Decommissioning Science, 東北大学, and Tohoku University
- Abstract
日本原子力研究開発機構(JAEA)廃炉環境国際共同研究センター(CLADS)では、令和元年度英知を結集した原子力科学技術・人材育成推進事業(以下、「本事業」という)を実施している。本事業は、東京電力ホールディングス福島第一原子力発電所の廃炉等をはじめとした原子力分野の課題解決に貢献するため、国内外の英知を結集し、様々な分野の知見や経験を、従前の機関や分野の壁を越えて緊密に融合・連携させた基礎的・基盤的研究及び人材育成を推進することを目的としている。平成30年度の新規採択課題から実施主体を文部科学省からJAEAに移行することで、JAEAとアカデミアとの連携を強化し、廃炉に資する中長期的な研究開発・人材育成をより安定的かつ継続的に実施する体制を構築した。本研究は、研究課題のうち、平成30年度に採択された「アルファダストの検出を目指した超高位置分解能イメージング装置の開発」の令和元年度の研究成果について取りまとめたものである。本研究は、福島第一原発の廃炉を進めるうえで、ある段階からは作業員が実際に炉内、ないしは、炉のがれき・破片を解体・撤去する際に、ダストとして舞う放射線核種、特に体内被曝の影響が高いアルファ線を放出する核種などの把握を目指した撮像カメラの開発を行うものである。ダストの把握に必要な10mum程度以下の優れた位置分解能を達成するために、シンチレータの高性能化、カメラの最適化などに取り組んできた。また、ここで得られた技術をもとに、光ファイバーを用いた超高線量場でのリアルタイム線量モニタの開発も取り組んだ。, The Collaborative Laboratories for Advanced Decommissioning Science (CLADS), Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA), had been conducting the Nuclear Energy Science & Technology and Human Resource Development Project (hereafter referred to "the Project") in FY2019. The Project aims to contribute to solving problems in the nuclear energy field represented by the decommissioning of the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station, Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings, Inc. (TEPCO). For this purpose, intelligence was collected from all over the world, and basic research and human resource development were promoted by closely integrating/collaborating knowledge and experiences in various fields beyond the barrier of conventional organizations and research fields. The sponsor of the Project was moved from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology to JAEA since the newly adopted proposals in FY2018. On this occasion, JAEA constructed a new research system where JAEA-academia collaboration is reinforced and medium-to-long term research/development and human resource development contributing to the decommissioning are stably and consecutively implemented. Among the adopted proposals in FY2018, this report summarizes the research results of the "Development of high-resolution imaging camera for alpha dust" conducted in FY2019. We have developed an imaging camera with a position resolution of less than approximately 10 mum to monitor alpha dust in the nuclear plant during the decommissioning process, because the operators avoid to drawing in such dusts. Moreover, we have developed real-time monitor system with optical fiber and scintillator under high dose-rate condition., 著者所属: 日本原子力研究開発機構(JAEA), JAEA-Review 2020-039
- Published
- 2021
46. Paramagnetic spin Hall magnetoresistance
- Author
-
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (Japan), Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), European Commission, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Tohoku University, Oyanagi, Koichi, Gomez-Perez, Juan M., Zhang, Xianpeng, Kikkawa, Takashi, Chen, Yao, Sagasta, Edurne, Chuvilin, Andrey, Hueso, Luis E., Golovach, V. N., Bergeret, F. S., Casanova, Félix, Saitoh, Eiji, Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (Japan), Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), European Commission, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Tohoku University, Oyanagi, Koichi, Gomez-Perez, Juan M., Zhang, Xianpeng, Kikkawa, Takashi, Chen, Yao, Sagasta, Edurne, Chuvilin, Andrey, Hueso, Luis E., Golovach, V. N., Bergeret, F. S., Casanova, Félix, and Saitoh, Eiji
- Abstract
We report the observation of the spin Hall magnetoresistance (SMR) in a paramagnetic insulator. By measuring the transverse resistance in a Pt/Gd3Ga5O12 (GGG) system at low temperatures, paramagnetic SMR is found to appear with an intensity that increases with the magnetic field aligning GGG's spins. The observed effect is well supported by a microscopic SMR theory, which provides the parameters governing the spin transport at the interface. Our findings clarify the mechanism of spin exchange at a Pt/GGG interface, and demonstrate tunable spin-transfer torque through the field-induced magnetization of GGG. In this regard, paramagnetic insulators offer a key property for future spintronic devices.
- Published
- 2021
47. Approaching ultrathin VO2films on sapphire (001) substrates by biased reactive sputtering: Characteristic morphology and its effect on the infrared-light switching
- Author
-
Tohoku University, Okimura, Kunio, Sakai, Joe, Kuwahara, Masashi, Zaghrioui, Mustapha, Uehara, Yoichi, Tohoku University, Okimura, Kunio, Sakai, Joe, Kuwahara, Masashi, Zaghrioui, Mustapha, and Uehara, Yoichi
- Abstract
Ultrathin VO2 films with insulator-metal transition (IMT) were successfully fabricated on sapphire (001) substrates by utilizing radio frequency-biased reactive sputtering. We realized a 6 nm-thick VO2 film that shows resistance change over 2 orders of magnitude. Microscopic observations combined with energy dispersive x-ray analyses revealed characteristic networking morphology in VO2 films with thickness up to around 10 nm. It was found through micro-Raman analyses that a 30 nm-thick film possessed flat surface and ordered lattice with strong in-plane tensile stress. We evaluated the thickness dependence of optical switching performance for infrared-light. The results suggest that the thickness of the VO2 films should be carefully selected for realizing required performances of optical switching, which depends on not only IMT but also characteristic morphological aspects.
- Published
- 2021
48. Non-invasive imaging of radiocesium dynamics in a living animal using a positron-emitting 127Cs tracer
- Author
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Suzui, Nobuo, Takuya, Shibata (JAEA), Yin, Yonggen, Yoshihito, Funaki (Tohoku University), Keisuke, Kurita (JAEA), Hoshina, Hiroyuki, Yamaguchi, Mitsutaka, Fujimaki, Shu, Seko, Noriaki, Hiroshi, Watabe (Tohoku University), Kawachi, Naoki, Nobuo, Suzui, Hiroyuki, Hoshina, Mitsutaka, Yamaguchi, Shu, Fujimaki, Noriaki, Seko, and Naoki, Kawachi
- Abstract
Visualizing the dynamics of cesium (Cs) is desirable to understand the impact of radiocesium when accidentally ingested or inhaled by humans. However, visualization of radiocesium in vivo is currently limited to plants. Herein, we describe a method for the production and purification of 127Cs and its use in visualizing Cs dynamics in a living animal. The positron-emitting nuclide 127Cs was produced using the 127I (α, 4n) 127Cs reaction, which was induced by irradiation of sodium iodide with a 4He2+ beam from a cyclotron. We excluded sodium ions by using a material that specifically adsorbs Cs as a purification column and successfully eluted 127Cs by flowing a solution of ammonium sulfate into the column. We injected the purified 127Cs tracer solution into living rats and the dynamics of Cs were visualized using positron emission tomography; the distributional images showed the same tendency as the results of previous studies using disruptive methods. Thus, this method is useful for the non-invasive investigation of radiocesium in a living animal.
- Published
- 2020
49. TiO2 microspheres containing magnetic nanoparticles for intra-arterial hyperthermia
- Author
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Graduate School of Dentistry, Tohoku University, Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, Tohoku University, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Graduate School of Life Science and Systems Engineering, Kyushu Institute of Technology, Kanetaka, Hiroyasu, Liu, Gengci, Li, Zhixia, Miyazaki, Toshiki, Furuya, Maiko, Kudo, Tada-aki, Kaw, Masakazu, Graduate School of Dentistry, Tohoku University, Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, Tohoku University, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Graduate School of Life Science and Systems Engineering, Kyushu Institute of Technology, Kanetaka, Hiroyasu, Liu, Gengci, Li, Zhixia, Miyazaki, Toshiki, Furuya, Maiko, Kudo, Tada-aki, and Kaw, Masakazu
- Abstract
type:Journal Article, Magnetic microspheres measuring 15–35 µm in diameter are believed to be useful for intra-arterial hyperthermia. In this study, we attempted to prepare titanium dioxide (TiO2) microspheres containing magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs). MNP-containing TiO2 microspheres with diameters of approximately 30 µm were successfully obtained by sol–gel reaction of titanium tetraisopropoxide in a water-in-oil emulsion with added cosurfactant of 1-butanol and subsequent heat treatment at 200°C. The microspheres showed ferrimagnetism owing to high content of MNPs in approximately 60 wt % and had a low-crystalline TiO2 matrix. Furthermore, the agar phantom was heated to above 43°C after approximately 1 min under an alternating magnetic field of 100 kHz and 300 Oe and showed in vitro biocompatibility similar to that of MNP-free TiO2 microspheres. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 105B: 2308–2314, 2017.
- Published
- 2018
50. Radiobiological Implications of Fukushima Nuclear Accident for Personalized Medical Approach
- Author
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Hisanori, Fukunaga (Queen’s University Belfast), Taki, (Tohoku University) Yasuyuki, and Kevin, M. Prise (Queen’s University Belfast)
- Abstract
On March 11, 2011, a devastating earthquake and subsequent tsunami caused serious damage to areas of the Pacific coast in Fukushima prefecture and prompted fears among the residents about a possible meltdown of the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant reactors. As of 2017, over six years have passed since the Fukushima nuclear crisis and yet the full ramifications of the biological exposures to this accidental release of radioactive substances remain unclear. Furthermore, although several genetic studies have determined that the variation in radiation sensitivity among different individuals is wider than expected, personalized medical approaches for Fukushima victims have seemed to be insufficient. In this commentary, we discuss radiobiological issues arising from low-dose radiation exposure, from the cellbased to the population level. We also introduce the scientific utility of the Integrative Japanese Genome Variation Database (iJGVD), an online database released by the Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University that covered the whole genome sequences of 2,049 healthy individuals in the northeastern part of Japan in 2016. Here we propose a personalized radiation risk assessment and medical approach, which considers the genetic variation of radiation sensitivity among individuals, for nextstep developments in radiological protection.
- Published
- 2017
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