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In this study, a simple inexpensive gas sensor, which uses polyaniline@ZnO hollow sphere hybrid films, is prepared with different mole percentages of ZnO hollow spheres (5–30 mol%) and combining hydrothermal and in-situ chemical oxidative polymerization methods. Polyaniline@ZnO hollow sphere hybrids are loaded on flexible polyethylene terephthalate substrates for rapid and selective detection of ammonia at room temperature. The morphology, structure, chemical functional group information and the specific surface area are, respectively, characterized by field emission-scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared and N2 adsorption–desorption techniques. The best sensing performance is realized for the polyaniline@20 mol% ZnO hollow sphere hybrid sensor, which is exposed to 10 ppm ammonia at room temperature. Moreover, this sensor exhibits a low detection limit of 500 ppb, excellent selectivity and good response/recovery times (140/136 s). This good sensing performance can be attributed to the hollow structure of ZnO and the p–n heterojunction between the polyaniline and ZnO hollow spheres. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, a novel gas sensor is proposed based on a three-dimensional reduced graphene oxide/polyaniline (3D RGO/PANI) hybrid, which is synthesized by a hydrothermal method for detecting NH3 gas at room temperature. The 3D RGO/PANI hybrid is characterized by field emission-scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared and x-ray diffraction. The specific surface area is analyzed using the Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) equation. The as-synthesized sensing materials with an appropriate amount of polyaniline nanowires (PANI-NWs) can effectively prevent aggregation of the neighboring graphene sheets and directly act as adsorption sites for NH3 molecules. In comparison with its pure 3D RGO counterpart, the 3D RGO/PANI (1:1) hybrid exhibits 44.7 times enhanced response to 100 ppm NH3, suggesting the remarkable effect of PANI-NWs in improving the sensitivity. This work gives new insights into boosting the sensitivity and selectivity of detecting NH3 gas by incorporating PANI-NWs into 3D RGO. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, a novel gas sensor is proposed based on a three-dimensional reduced graphene oxide/polyaniline (3D RGO/PANI) hybrid, which is synthesized by a hydrothermal method for detecting NH 3 gas at room temperature. The 3D RGO/PANI hybrid is characterized by field emission-scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared and x-ray diffraction. The specific surface area is analyzed using the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) equation. The as-synthesized sensing materials with an appropriate amount of polyaniline nanowires (PANI-NWs) can effectively prevent aggregation of the neighboring graphene sheets and directly act as adsorption sites for NH 3 molecules. In comparison with its pure 3D RGO counterpart, the 3D RGO/PANI (1:1) hybrid exhibits 44.7 times enhanced response to 100 ppm NH 3 , suggesting the remarkable effect of PANI-NWs in improving the sensitivity. This work gives new insights into boosting the sensitivity and selectivity of detecting NH 3 gas by incorporating PANI-NWs into 3D RGO.