Search

Your search keyword '"Todisco, F."' showing total 202 results
Start Over Author "Todisco, F."
202 results on '"Todisco, F."'

1. Strongly enhanced light-matter coupling of a monolayer WS2 from a bound state in the continuum

Author

Maggiolini, E., Polimeno, L., Todisco, F., Di Renzo, A., De Giorgi, M., Ardizzone, V., Mastria, R., Cannavale, A., Pugliese, M., Maiorano, V., Gigli, G., Gerace, D., Sanvitto, D., and Ballarini, D.

Subjects
Physics - Optics
Abstract

Optical bound states in the continuum (BIC) allow to totally prevent a photonic mode from radiating into free space along a given spatial direction. Polariton excitations derived from the strong radiation-matter interaction of a BIC with an excitonic resonance inherit an ultralong radiative lifetime and significant nonlinearities due to their hybrid nature. However, maximizing the light-matter interaction in these structures remains challenging, especially with 2D semiconductors, thus preventing the observation of room temperature nonlinearities of BIC polaritons. Here we show a strong light-matter interaction enhancement at room temperature by coupling monolayer WS2 excitons to a BIC, while optimizing for the electric field strength at the monolayer position through Bloch surface wave confinement. By acting on the grating geometry, the coupling with the active material is maximized in an open and flexible architecture, allowing to achieve a 100 meV photonic bandgap with the BIC in a local energy minimum and a record 70 meV Rabi splitting. Our novel architecture provides large room temperature optical nonlinearities, thus paving the way to tunable BIC-based polariton devices with topologically-protected robustness to fabrication imperfections., Comment: 23 pages, 10 figure

Published
2022
Full Text
View/download PDF

2. Ultrafast, low-energy, all-optical switch in polariton waveguides

Author

Suárez-Forero, D. G., Riminucci, F., Ardizzone, V., Gianfrate, A., Todisco, F., De Giorgi, M., Ballarini, D., Gigli, G., Baldwin, K., Pfeiffer, L., and Sanvitto, D.

Subjects
Physics - Optics, Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics, Condensed Matter - Materials Science, Quantum Physics
Abstract

The requirement for optical-electrical-optical conversion of signals in optical technologies is often one of the majors bottleneck in terms of speed and energy consumption. The use of dressed photons (also called polaritons), that allows for intrinsic sizable interactions, could significantly improve the performances of optical integrated elements such as switches or optical gates. In this work we demonstrate the ultrafast switch of a laser coupled into a polaritonic waveguide triggered by an optical pulse resonant with the same dispersion but at a lower energy. Our experiments show two effects capable to interrupt the transmission of the laser in two different time ranges: a sub-picosecond time range due to the optical Stark effect, and a picosecond range governed by the creation of a charge reservoir. In the latter regime we found that at certain power of excitation the activation of dark states allows for a long persistence of the switching much beyond the bright exciton lifetime., Comment: Main text: 6 pages, 4 figures. Supplementary Information: 4 pages, 4 figures

Published
2021

3. Polariton Bose-Einstein condensate from a Bound State in the Continuum

Author

Ardizzone, V., Riminucci, F., Zanotti, S., Gianfrate, A., Efthymiou-Tsironi, M., Suarez-Forero, D. G., Todisco, F., De Giorgi, M., Trypogeorgos, D., Gigli, G., Nguyen, H. S., Baldwin, K., Pfeiffer, L., Ballarini, D., Gerace, D., and Sanvitto, D.

Subjects
Physics - Optics
Abstract

Optical bound states in the continuum (BIC) are peculiar topological states that, when realized in a planar photonic crystal lattice, are symmetry-protected from radiating in the far field despite lying within the light cone, i.e., in the energy-momentum dispersion region for which radiation can propagate out of the lattice plane. These BICs possess an invariant topological charge given by the winding number of the polarization vectors, similarly to vortices in quantum fluids, such as superfluid helium and atomic Bose-Einstein condensates. In spite of several reports of optical BICs in patterned dielectric slabs with evidence of lasing, their potential as topologically protected states with theoretically infinite lifetime has not been fully exploited, yet. Here we show Bose-Einstein condensation of polaritons, hybrid light-matter excitations, occuring in a BIC thanks to its peculiar non-radiative nature. The combination of the ultra-long BIC lifetime and the tight confinement of the waveguide geometry allow to achieve an extremely low threshold density for condensation, which is not reached in the dispersion minimum but at a saddle point in reciprocal space. By bridging bosonic condensation and symmetry-protected radiation eigenmodes, we unveil new ways of imparting topological properties onto macroscopic quantum states with unexplored dispersion features. Such an observation may open a route towards energy-efficient polariton condensation in cost-effective integrated devices, ultimately suited for the development of hybrid light-matter optical circuits

Published
2021
Full Text
View/download PDF

4. Quantifying Irrigation Volumes Using Sentinel-1 Soil Moisture Data in Central Italy

Author

Vergni, L., Dari, J., Todisco, F., Vizzari, M., Saltalippi, C., Venturi, S., Casadei, S., Brocca, L., di Prisco, Marco, Series Editor, Chen, Sheng-Hong, Series Editor, Vayas, Ioannis, Series Editor, Kumar Shukla, Sanjay, Series Editor, Sharma, Anuj, Series Editor, Kumar, Nagesh, Series Editor, Wang, Chien Ming, Series Editor, Ferro, Vito, editor, Giordano, Giuseppe, editor, Orlando, Santo, editor, Vallone, Mariangela, editor, Cascone, Giovanni, editor, and Porto, Simona M. C., editor

Published
2023
Full Text
View/download PDF

5. Influence of the Rainfall Time Step on the Thresholds for Separating Erosive and Non-erosive Events

Author

Vergni, L., Vinci, A., Todisco, F., di Prisco, Marco, Series Editor, Chen, Sheng-Hong, Series Editor, Vayas, Ioannis, Series Editor, Kumar Shukla, Sanjay, Series Editor, Sharma, Anuj, Series Editor, Kumar, Nagesh, Series Editor, Wang, Chien Ming, Series Editor, Ferro, Vito, editor, Giordano, Giuseppe, editor, Orlando, Santo, editor, Vallone, Mariangela, editor, Cascone, Giovanni, editor, and Porto, Simona M. C., editor

Published
2023
Full Text
View/download PDF

6. Electrically controlled waveguide polariton laser

Author

Suárez-Forero, D. G., Riminucci, F., Ardizzone, V., de Giorgi, M., Dominici, L., Todisco, F., Lerario, G., Pfeiffer, L. N., Gigli, G., Ballarini, D., and Sanvitto, D.

Subjects
Physics - Optics, Condensed Matter - Other Condensed Matter
Abstract

Exciton-polaritons are mixed light-matter particles offering a versatile solid state platform to study many-body physical effects. In this work we demonstrate an electrically controlled polariton laser, in a compact, easy-to-fabricate and integrable configuration, based on a semiconductor waveguide. Interestingly, we show that polariton lasing can be achieved in a system without a global minimum in the polariton energy-momentum dispersion. The surface cavity modes for the laser emission are obtained by adding couples of specifically designed diffraction gratings on top of the planar waveguide, forming an in-plane Fabry-Perot cavity. It is thanks to the waveguide geometry, that we can apply a transverse electric field in order to finely tune the laser energy and quality factor of the cavity modes. Remarkably, we exploit the system sensitivity to the applied electric field to achieve an electrically controlled population of coherent polaritons. The precise control that can be reached with the manipulation of the grating properties and of the electric field provides strong advantages to this device in terms of miniaturization and integrability, two main features for the future development of coherent sources from polaritonic technologies., Comment: 11 pages, 5 figures. Supplementary: 6 pages, 7 figures

Published
2020
Full Text
View/download PDF

7. Enhancement of Parametric Effects in Polariton Waveguides Induced by Dipolar Interactions

Author

Suárez-Forero, DG, Riminucci, F, Ardizzone, V, Karpowicz, N, Maggiolini, E, Macorini, G, Lerario, G, Todisco, F, De Giorgi, M, Dominici, L, Ballarini, D, Gigli, G, Lanotte, AS, West, K, Baldwin, K, Pfeiffer, L, and Sanvitto, D

Subjects
Quantum Physics, Physical Sciences, Mathematical Sciences, Engineering, General Physics, Mathematical sciences, Physical sciences
Abstract

Exciton-polaritons are hybrid light-matter excitations arising from the nonperturbative coupling of a photonic mode and an excitonic resonance. Behaving as interacting photons, they show optical third-order nonlinearities providing effects such as optical parametric oscillation or amplification. It has been suggested that polariton-polariton interactions can be greatly enhanced by inducing aligned electric dipoles in their excitonic part. However, direct evidence of a true particle-particle interaction, such as superfluidity or parametric scattering, is still missing. In this Letter, we demonstrate that dipolar interactions can be used to enhance parametric effects such as self-phase modulation in waveguide polaritons. By quantifying these optical nonlinearities, we provide a reliable experimental measurement of the direct dipolar enhancement of polariton-polariton interactions.

Published
2021

8. On the applicability of quantum-optical concepts in strong-coupling nanophotonics

Author

Tserkezis, C., Fernández-Domínguez, A. I., Gonçalves, P. A. D., Todisco, F., Cox, J. D., Busch, K., Stenger, N., Bozhevolnyi, S. I., Mortensen, N. A., and Wolff, C.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics, Physics - Optics, Quantum Physics
Abstract

Rooted in quantum optics and benefiting from its well-established foundations, strong coupling in nanophotonics has experienced increasing popularity in recent years. With nanophotonics being an experiment-driven field, the absence of appropriate theoretical methods to describe ground-breaking advances has often emerged as an important issue. To address this problem, the temptation to directly transfer and extend concepts already available from quantum optics is strong, even if a rigorous justification is not always available. In this Review we discuss situations where, in our view, this strategy has indeed overstepped its bounds. We focus on exciton--plasmon interactions, and particularly on the idea of calculating the number of excitons involved in the coupling. We analyse how, starting from an unfounded interpretation of the term N/V that appears in theoretical descriptions at different levels of complexity, one might be tempted to make independent assumptions for what the number N and the volume V are, and attempt to calculate them separately. Such an approach can lead to different, often contradictory results, depending on the initial assumptions (e.g. through different treatments of $V$ as the -- ambiguous in plasmonics -- mode volume). We argue that the source of such contradictions is the question itself -- How many excitons are coupled?, which disregards the true nature of the coupled components of the system, has no meaning and often not even any practical importance. If one is interested in validating the quantum nature of the system -- which appears to be the motivation driving the pursuit of strong coupling with small N -- one could instead focus on quantities such as the photon emission rate or the second-order correlation function.

Published
2019
Full Text
View/download PDF

10. Electrically controlled waveguide polariton laser

Author

Suárez-Forero, DG, Riminucci, F, Ardizzone, V, De Giorgi, M, Dominici, L, Todisco, F, Lerario, G, Pfeiffer, LN, Gigli, G, Ballarini, D, and Sanvitto, D

Subjects
Quantum Physics, Physical Sciences, Affordable and Clean Energy, Optical Physics, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Communications Technologies, Atomic, molecular and optical physics
Abstract

Exciton-polaritons are mixed light-matter particles offering a versatile solid state platformto study many-body physical effects. In this work, we demonstrate an electrically controlled polariton laser, in a compact, easy-to-fabricate and integrable configuration, based on a semiconductor waveguide. Interestingly, we show that polariton lasing can be achieved in a system without a global minimum in the polariton energy-momentum dispersion. The cavity modes for the laser emission are obtained by adding couples of specifically designed diffraction gratings on top of the planar waveguide, forming an in-plane Fabry-Perot cavity. It is due to the waveguide geometry that we can apply a transverse electric field to finely tune the laser energy and quality factor of the cavity modes. Remarkably, we exploit the system sensitivity to the applied electric field to achieve an electrically controlled population of coherent polaritons. The precise control that can be reached with the manipulation of the grating properties and of the electric field provides strong advantages to this device in terms of miniaturization and integrability, two main features for the future development of coherent sources for polaritonic technologies.

Published
2020

12. Mie-excitons: understanding strong coupling in dielectric nanoparticles

Author

Tserkezis, C., Gonçalves, P. A. D., Wolff, C., Todisco, F., Busch, K., and Mortensen, N. A.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics, Condensed Matter - Materials Science, Physics - Optics
Abstract

We theoretically analyse the hybrid Mie-exciton optical modes arising from the strong coupling of excitons in organic dyes or transition-metal dichalcogenides with the Mie resonances of high-index dielectric nanoparticles. Detailed analytic calculations show that silicon--exciton core--shell nanoparticles are characterised by a richness of optical modes which can be tuned through nanoparticle dimensions to produce large anticrossings in the visible or near infrared, comparable to those obtained in plexcitonics. The complex magnetic-excitonic nature of these modes is understood through spectral decomposition into Mie-coefficient contributions, complemented by electric and magnetic near-field profiles. In the frequency range of interest, absorptive losses in silicon are sufficiently low to allow observation of several periods of Rabi oscillations in strongly coupled emitter-particle architectures, as confirmed here by discontinuous Galerkin time-domain calculations for the electromagnetic field beat patterns. These results suggest that Mie resonances in high-index dielectrics are promising alternatives for plasmons in strong-coupling applications in nanophotonics, while the coupling of magnetic and electric modes opens intriguing possibilities for external control., Comment: 4 figures

Published
2018
Full Text
View/download PDF

15. Deterministic placement and effective-mass pinning of topological polariton bound states in the continuum

Author

Maggiolini, E., primary, Polimeno, L., additional, Todisco, F., additional, Renzo, A. Di, additional, Han, B., additional, Giorgi, M. De, additional, Ardizzone, V., additional, Schneider, C., additional, Mastria, R., additional, Cannavale, A., additional, Pugliese, M., additional, Marco, L. De, additional, Rizzo, A., additional, Maiorano, V., additional, Gigli, G., additional, Gerace, D., additional, Sanvitto, D., additional, and Ballarini, D., additional

Published
2024
Full Text
View/download PDF

16. A Check of Water Drop Impact Effects on Surface Soil Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity

Author

Todisco, F., Bagarello, V., Vergni, L., Vinci, A., di Prisco, Marco, Series Editor, Chen, Sheng-Hong, Series Editor, Vayas, Ioannis, Series Editor, Kumar Shukla, Sanjay, Series Editor, Sharma, Anuj, Series Editor, Kumar, Nagesh, Series Editor, Wang, Chien Ming, Series Editor, Coppola, Antonio, editor, Di Renzo, Giovanni Carlo, editor, Altieri, Giuseppe, editor, and D'Antonio, Paola, editor

Published
2020
Full Text
View/download PDF

18. Spatial variability of the relationships of runoff and sediment yield with weather types throughout the Mediterranean basin

Author

Peña-Angulo, D., Nadal-Romero, E., González-Hidalgo, J.C., Albaladejo, J., Andreu, V., Bagarello, V., Barhi, H., Batalla, R.J., Bernal, S., Bienes, R., Campo, J., Campo-Bescós, M.A., Canatario-Duarte, A., Cantón, Y., Casali, J., Castillo, V., Cerdà, A., Cheggour, A., Cid, P., Cortesi, N., Desir, G., Díaz-Pereira, E., Espigares, T., Estrany, J., Fernández-Raga, M., Ferreira, C.S.S., Ferro, V., Gallart, F., Giménez, R., Gimeno, E., Gómez, J.A., Gómez-Gutiérrez, A., Gómez-Macpherson, H., González-Pelayo, O., Hueso-González, P., Kairis, O., Karatzas, G.P., Klotz, S., Kosmas, C., Lana-Renault, N., Lasanta, T., Latron, J., Lázaro, R., Le Bissonnais, Y., Le Bouteiller, C., Licciardello, F., López-Tarazón, J.A., Lucía, A., Marín, C., Marqués, M.J., Martínez-Fernández, J., Martínez-Mena, M., Martínez-Murillo, J.F., Mateos, L., Mathys, N., Merino-Martín, L., Moreno-de las Heras, M., Moustakas, N., Nicolau, J.M., Novara, A., Pampalone, V., Raclot, D., Rodríguez-Blanco, M.L., Rodrigo-Comino, J., Romero-Díaz, A., Roose, E., Rubio, J.L., Ruiz-Sinoga, J.D., Schnabel, S., Senciales-González, J.M., Simonneaux, V., Solé-Benet, A., Taguas, E.V., Taboada-Castro, M.M., Taboada-Castro, M.T., Todisco, F., Úbeda, X., Varouchakis, E.A., Vericat, D., Wittenberg, L., Zabaleta, A., and Zorn, M.

Published
2019
Full Text
View/download PDF

33. Groundwater flow process in the active volcanic system of Ischia Island (Italy)

Author

Fabbrocino S., Giardino A., Marino L., de Vita S., Di Vito M. A., Marotta E., Avino R., Carandente A., Belviso P., Todisco F., AA.VV., Alfonso Corniello, Emilio Cuoco, Paolo Fabbri, Giovanni Forte, Vittorio Paolucci, Vincenzo Piscopo, Dario Tedesco, Stefano Viaroli, Fabbrocino, S., Giardino, A., Marino, L., de Vita, S., Di Vito, M. A., Marotta, E., Avino, R., Carandente, A., Belviso, P., and Todisco, F.

Subjects
Ischia Island, Geothermal resource, Volcanic aquifer, Thermal water
Abstract

The volcanic system of Ischia is characterized by an intense hydrothermal activity, documented since the early 16th century by the study of Iasolino (1588), which represents the first systematic analysis of the thermal springs of the island for therapeutic purposes. Later studies partially contributed to the enhancement of knowledge on the volcanic, hydrogeological and hydrothermal features of the island, highlighting the strong interaction between hydrothermal flowpaths and volcano- tectonic processes. The reconstruction of the interplay between hydrothermal and magmatic system becomes, therefore, a fundamental element for territorial planning, not only in terms of management of the huge water and geothermal resource, but also in a perspective of prevention and mitigation of volcanic risk. Thermal springs, fumaroles and mud deposits give beginning clues about deep hydrothermal conditions. Till now at Ischia, the local geochemical characterization of fluids and groundwater has been used for the definition of the origin and structure of the hydrothermal system as a whole, as the hydrogeological information is incomplete. However, volcanic hydrothermal systems, such as that characterizes the island of Ischia, are particularly difficult to analyze and outline, as the groundwater resources are the result of a complex and dynamic mixing among meteoric water, sea water and deep fluids. In such cases, the need for an interdisciplinary approach is evident, involving knowledge and research methods ranging from geology to volcanology, geophysics, geochemistry and hydrogeology. With particular reference to the functional and structural representation of the geothermal system of the Ischia island and the resulting correlations with the volcano-tectonic processes, the examination of previous information highlights the need to update and improve the knowledge on groundwater hydrodynamics and mineralization processes. Therefore, the present study aims at a strongly interdisciplinary action that, starting from the design and implementation of a database on the existing geological/volcanological and hydrogeological information, will contribute to highlight the critical issues, define an operating scheme of the hydro-geo-thermal system of the island of Ischia, and upgrade its hydrogeological, geochemical and volcanic monitoring system. The preliminary results improved the definition of the hydrogeological complexes and advanced knowledge of the groundwater flow conditions.

Published
2020

34. Groundwater flow characterization and reconstruction of the hydrothermal system of Ischia as a tool for volcanic risk mitigation

Author

de Vita S., Di Vito M. A., Marotta E., Avino R., Carandente A., Belviso P., Fabbrocino S., Giardino A., Marino L., Todisco F., AA.VV., Ornella Cocina, Rosa Anna Corsaro, Eugenio Nicotra, Marco Viccaro, de Vita, S., Di Vito, M. A., Marotta, E., Avino, R., Carandente, A., Belviso, P., Fabbrocino, S., Giardino, A., Marino, L., and Todisco, F.

Subjects
Ischia Island, hydrothermal system, volcanic risk mitigation
Abstract

The volcanic system of Ischia is characterized by an intense hydrothermal activity, documented since the early 16th century by the study of Iasolino [1588], which represents the first systematic analysis of the thermal springs of the island for therapeutic purposes. Later studies partially contributed to the enhancement of knowledge on the volcanic, hydrogeological and hydrothermal features of the island, highlighting the strong interaction between hydrothermal flowpaths and volcanotectonic processes. The reconstruction of the hydrothermal system becomes, therefore, a fundamental element for territorial planning, not only in terms of management of the huge water and geothermal resource, but also and above all in a perspective of prevention and mitigation of volcanic risk. Thermal springs, fumaroles and clay deposits due to the hydrothermal alteration of volcanic products testifies for the existence of an active deep hydrothermal system. However at Ischia the geochemical characterization of fluids and groundwater, performed through sampling and analysis of a discrete number of scattered springs, wells and fumaroles, has been used for the definition of the origin and structure of hydrothermal systems as a whole, as the hydrogeological information is incomplete. Moreover, volcanic hydrothermal systems, such as that characterizes the island of Ischia, are particularly difficult to analyze and outline, as the groundwater resources are the result of an articulated and dynamic interaction among meteoric water, sea water and fluids of deep origin. In such cases, the need for an interdisciplinary approach is evident, involving knowledge and research methods ranging from geology to volcanology, geophysics, geochemistry, mineralogy and hydrogeology. With particular reference to the functional and structural representation of the geothermal system of the island of Ischia and the resulting correlations with the volcanotectonic processes, the examination of previous information highlights the need to update and improve the knowledge on groundwater hydrodynamics and mineralization processes. Therefore, the present work represents a strong interdisciplinary action that, starting from the design and implementation of a database on the existing geological/volcanological and hydrogeological information, contributes to highlight the critical issues, define an operating scheme of the hydrogeothermal system of the island of Ischia, and upgrade its hydrogeological, geochemical and volcanic monitoring system, in order to contribute to the mitigation of volcanic and related risks. The knowledge of groundwater dynamics and pathways, in fact, is of fundamental importance for understanding the water/magma interaction processes in case of realimentation of the shallow magmatic system, and the assessment of the possibility of phreatic explosions occurrence. Moreover, the knowledge of the thermal fluids’ circulation and the related rock alteration processes is of paramount importance in the definition of the mechanic characteristics of rock masses and their proneness to failure.

Published
2020

36. New methodology for the risk analysis and economic impact assessment of agricultural droughts

Author

Mannocchi, F., Todisco, F., and Vergni, L.

Subjects
Risk assessment -- Methods, Arid regions -- Economic aspects, Agricultural industry -- Environmental aspects, Agricultural industry -- Economic aspects, Crop yields -- Measurement, Droughts -- Economic aspects, Engineering and manufacturing industries, Science and technology
Abstract

The paper proposes a new methodology that studies agricultural drought not only in terms of deficit soil water content, its frequency and severity, as in the traditional approach, but also in terms of net benefit. For this purpose the relationship between drought index, crop yield, and crop economic net benefit is modeled and three threshold levels are considered. The first is the critical water content, below which the crop faces water stress (termed as potential agricultural drought). The second is the critical net benefit, below which there is meager (e.g., zero) profit (termed as actual agricultural drought). The third is the critical return period (or frequency) of the actual agricultural drought, below which there is an agricultural aridity (almost steady phenomenon with high impact, high risk) and above which there is an agricultural drought (occasional phenomenon with high impact, low risk). To pinpoint the time of occurrence of the potential and the actual agricultural drought, real-time monitoring is conducted. The rapidity with which these critical conditions are reached is considered as indicative of the crop vulnerability to the corresponding phenomenon. The evolved methodology therefore is based on an objective definition of agricultural drought and is formulated accounting for its peculiar characteristics. The methodology is called the risk analysis and economic impact assessment of agricultural drought (ADERA). ADERA is applied to the rainfed sunflower crop in the Papiano (central Italy) experimental plots for which the 26-year time series for yield and the corresponding phenological, climatic, and economic data are available. The drought index-crop yield-crop economic net benefit relationship makes it possible to quantify the frequency (return period) of the actual agricultural drought and to show that for the given costs and crop sale price the actual agricultural drought risk for the crop is low. For the case study, the vulnerability of the unit to the agricultural drought is low, as the critical net benefit typically occurs late in the growing season. DOI: 10.1061/(ASCE)IR.1943-4774.0000060 CE Database subject headings: Agriculture; Droughts; Arid lands; Risk management; Economic factors.

Published
2009

37. Operative approach to agricultural drought risk management

Author

Todisco, F., Vergni, L., and Mannocchi, F.

Subjects
Crop yields -- Measurement, Droughts -- Economic aspects, Arid regions -- Economic aspects, Agricultural industry -- Economic aspects, Risk management -- Methods, Risk management, Engineering and manufacturing industries, Science and technology
Abstract

In a companion paper, the agricultural drought economic risk assessment (ADERA) model was described. ADERA studies agricultural drought not only in terms of deficit soil water content and its frequency and severity (as in the traditional approach) but also in terms of net benefit reduction and vulnerability. The relationship between drought index, crop yield, and crop economic net benefit is modeled and three threshold levels are considered: the critical water content; the critical impact in terms of net benefit; and its critical return period (i.e., frequency) above which the soil-climate unit is considered unsuitable for the cultivation of a specific crop. These critical levels are used in long-term action planning as the triggers for different risk classes. The rapidity with which the critical impact is reached is considered indicative of the crop vulnerability, and real-time monitoring of the impact evolution (short-term actions) is also implemented. Initially ADERA was applied at only one point (soil-crop-climate unit), but because agricultural drought is by definition a wide area phenomenon, the model must be validated in other units and then used to evaluate the drought area extension (risk map). In this paper, generalization, demonstration, and guidance on the application of ADERA are given with reference to rainfed sunflower and sorghum crops in six soil-climate units in central Italy for which time series for yield (obtained in experimental plots where the water scarcity was the principal factor limiting the final yield) since 1978 is available. The application of ADERA made it possible to quantity the vulnerability class and the corresponding risk class for the single unit (long-term action planning). The analysis results confirm that typically for the selected crops the critical impact has a low risk and a low vulnerability. In fact sunflower and sorghum are rainfed crops widely cultivated in the area under investigation. Moreover, the results show that each risk class is present only within a specific cost range, in particular the upper and lower limits, and the size of each cost range varies according to the different units; the occurrence of a specific risk class and vulnerability level is highly correlated with the selected triggers, in particular with the critical net benefit (for an increment of which above the corresponding cost range, a given soil-climate unit can become unsuitable for the cultivation of a specific crop); the critical water content is a normal occurrence event for all the units analyzed, with the crop water stress onset date always around 40% of the growing period being a typical characteristic of the specific area, of the two crops and of the selected drought index. The practical usefulness of the impact monitoring procedure was stressed by comparing its progressive evolution in the cases of both a rainfed crop and of a rescue irrigation carried out at a selected and opportune date. In the latter case the impact was reduced below the critical level. DOI: 10.1061/(ASCE)IR.1943-4774.0000111 CE Database subject headings: Agriculture; Droughts; Risk management; Arid lands.

Published
2009

38. Relationship of Weather Types on the Seasonal and Spatial Variability of Rainfall, Runoff, and Sediment Yield in the Western Mediterranean Basin

Author

Geodinámica, Geodinamika, Nadal Romero, E., González Hidalgo, J.C., Albaladejo, J., Andreu, V., Bahri, H., Bernal, S., Biddoccu, M., Bienes, R., Campo, J., Campo Bescós, M.A., Canatário Duarte, A., Cantón, Y., Casali, J., Castillo, V., Cavallo, E., Cerdà, A., Cid, P., Cortesi, N., Desir, G., Díaz Pereira, E., Espigares, T., Estrany, J., Farguell, J., Fernández Raga, M., Ferreira, C.S., Ferro, V., Gallart, F., Giménez, R., Gimeno, E., Gómez, J.A., Gómez Gutiérrez, A., Gómez Macpherson, H., González Pelayo, O., Kairis, O., Karatzas, G.P., Keesstra, S., Klotz, S., Kosmas, C., Lana Renault, N., Lasanta, T., Latron, J., Lázaro, R., Le Bissonnais, Y., Le Bouteiller, C., Licciardello, F., López Tarazón, J.A., Lucía, A., Marín Moreno, V.M., Marín, C., Marqués, M.J., Martínez Fernández, J., Martínez Mena, M., Mateos, L., Mathys, N., Merino Martín, L., Moreno de las Heras, M., Moustakas, N., Nicolau, J.M., Pampalone, V., Raclot, D., Rodríguez Blanco, M.L., Rodrigo Comino, J., Romero Díaz, A., Ruiz Sinoga, J.D., Rubio, J.L., Schnabel, S., Senciales-González, J.M., Solé Benet, A., Taguas, E.V., Taboada Castro, M.T., Taboada Castro, M.M., Todisco, F., Úbeda, X., Varouchakis, E.A., Wittenberg, L., Zabaleta Lopetegui, Ane, Zorn, M., Geodinámica, Geodinamika, Nadal Romero, E., González Hidalgo, J.C., Albaladejo, J., Andreu, V., Bahri, H., Bernal, S., Biddoccu, M., Bienes, R., Campo, J., Campo Bescós, M.A., Canatário Duarte, A., Cantón, Y., Casali, J., Castillo, V., Cavallo, E., Cerdà, A., Cid, P., Cortesi, N., Desir, G., Díaz Pereira, E., Espigares, T., Estrany, J., Farguell, J., Fernández Raga, M., Ferreira, C.S., Ferro, V., Gallart, F., Giménez, R., Gimeno, E., Gómez, J.A., Gómez Gutiérrez, A., Gómez Macpherson, H., González Pelayo, O., Kairis, O., Karatzas, G.P., Keesstra, S., Klotz, S., Kosmas, C., Lana Renault, N., Lasanta, T., Latron, J., Lázaro, R., Le Bissonnais, Y., Le Bouteiller, C., Licciardello, F., López Tarazón, J.A., Lucía, A., Marín Moreno, V.M., Marín, C., Marqués, M.J., Martínez Fernández, J., Martínez Mena, M., Mateos, L., Mathys, N., Merino Martín, L., Moreno de las Heras, M., Moustakas, N., Nicolau, J.M., Pampalone, V., Raclot, D., Rodríguez Blanco, M.L., Rodrigo Comino, J., Romero Díaz, A., Ruiz Sinoga, J.D., Rubio, J.L., Schnabel, S., Senciales-González, J.M., Solé Benet, A., Taguas, E.V., Taboada Castro, M.T., Taboada Castro, M.M., Todisco, F., Úbeda, X., Varouchakis, E.A., Wittenberg, L., Zabaleta Lopetegui, Ane, and Zorn, M.

Abstract

Rainfall is the key factor to understand soil erosion processes, mechanisms, and rates. Most research was conducted to determine rainfall characteristics and their relationship with soil erosion (erosivity) but there is little information about how atmospheric patterns control soil losses, and this is important to enable sustainable environmental planning and risk prevention. We investigated the temporal and spatial variability of the relationships of rainfall, runoff, and sediment yield with atmospheric patterns (weather types, WTs) in the western Mediterranean basin. For this purpose, we analyzed a large database of rainfall events collected between 1985 and 2015 in 46 experimental plots and catchments with the aim to: (i) evaluate seasonal differences in the contribution of rainfall, runoff, and sediment yield produced by the WTs; and (ii) to analyze the seasonal efficiency of the different WTs (relation frequency and magnitude) related to rainfall, runoff, and sediment yield. The results indicate two different temporal patterns: the first weather type exhibits (during the cold period: autumn and winter) westerly flows that produce the highest rainfall, runoff, and sediment yield values throughout the territory; the second weather type exhibits easterly flows that predominate during the warm period (spring and summer) and it is located on the Mediterranean coast of the Iberian Peninsula. However, the cyclonic situations present high frequency throughout the whole year with a large influence extended around the western Mediterranean basin. Contrary, the anticyclonic situations, despite of its high frequency, do not contribute significantly to the total rainfall, runoff, and sediment (showing the lowest efficiency) because of atmospheric stability that currently characterize this atmospheric pattern. Our approach helps to better understand the relationship of WTs on the seasonal and spatial variability of rainfall, runoff and sediment yield with a regional scale ba

Published
2020

39. Relationship of Weather Types on the Seasonal and Spatial Variability of Rainfall, Runoff, and Sediment Yield in the Western Mediterranean Basin

Author

Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), European Commission, Gobierno de Aragón, Eusko Jaurlaritza, Generalitat de Catalunya, Junta de Castilla y León, Peña-Angulo, Dhais, Nadal-Romero, Estela, González Hidalgo, José Carlos, Albaladejo Montoro, Juan, Andreu Pérez, V., Bahri, H., Bernal, Susana, Biddoccu, Marcella, Bienes, Ramón, Campo, Julián, Campo-Bescós, M. A., Canatário-Duarte, Antonio, Cantón, Yolanda, Casalí, Javier, Castillo Ruiz, Víctor, Cavallo, Eugenio, Cerdà, Artemi, Cid, Patricio, Cortesi, Nicola, Desir, Gloria, Díaz-Pereira, Elvira, Espigares, T., Estrany, Joan, Farguell, J., Fernández-Raga, María, Ferreira, Carla S. S., Ferro, V., Gallart Gallego, Francesc, Giménez, R., Gimeno-García, Eugenia, Gómez Calero, José Alfonso, Gómez-Gutiérrez, Anna, Gómez Macpherson, H., González-Pelayo, Óscar, Kairis, O., Karatzas, G. P., Keesstra, Saskia, Klotz, S., Kosmas, C., Lana-Renault, Noemí, Lasanta Martínez, Teodoro, Latron, Jérôme, Lázaro, Roberto, Le Bissonnais, Y., Le Bouteiller, C., Licciardello, Feliciana, López-Tarazón, José A., Lucía, Ana, Marín-Moreno, V. M., Marín, Cinta, Marqués, María José, Martínez-Fernández, José, Martínez-Mena García, M. Dolores, Mateos, Luciano, Mathys, N., Merino-Martín, L., Moreno de las Heras, Mariano, Moustakas, N., Nicolau, J. M., Pampalone, V., Raclot, Damien, Rodríguez-Blanco, M. Luz, Rodrigo Comino, Jesús, Romero Díaz, Asunción, Ruiz Sinoga, José Damián, Rubio, José Luis, Schnabel, Susanne, Senciales-González, J. M., Solé-Benet, Albert, Taguas, E. V., Taboada-Castro, M. Teresa, Taboada-Castro, M. Mercedes, Todisco, F., Úbeda, Xavier, Varouchakis, E. A., Wittenberg, L., Zabaleta, Ane, Zorn, M., Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), European Commission, Gobierno de Aragón, Eusko Jaurlaritza, Generalitat de Catalunya, Junta de Castilla y León, Peña-Angulo, Dhais, Nadal-Romero, Estela, González Hidalgo, José Carlos, Albaladejo Montoro, Juan, Andreu Pérez, V., Bahri, H., Bernal, Susana, Biddoccu, Marcella, Bienes, Ramón, Campo, Julián, Campo-Bescós, M. A., Canatário-Duarte, Antonio, Cantón, Yolanda, Casalí, Javier, Castillo Ruiz, Víctor, Cavallo, Eugenio, Cerdà, Artemi, Cid, Patricio, Cortesi, Nicola, Desir, Gloria, Díaz-Pereira, Elvira, Espigares, T., Estrany, Joan, Farguell, J., Fernández-Raga, María, Ferreira, Carla S. S., Ferro, V., Gallart Gallego, Francesc, Giménez, R., Gimeno-García, Eugenia, Gómez Calero, José Alfonso, Gómez-Gutiérrez, Anna, Gómez Macpherson, H., González-Pelayo, Óscar, Kairis, O., Karatzas, G. P., Keesstra, Saskia, Klotz, S., Kosmas, C., Lana-Renault, Noemí, Lasanta Martínez, Teodoro, Latron, Jérôme, Lázaro, Roberto, Le Bissonnais, Y., Le Bouteiller, C., Licciardello, Feliciana, López-Tarazón, José A., Lucía, Ana, Marín-Moreno, V. M., Marín, Cinta, Marqués, María José, Martínez-Fernández, José, Martínez-Mena García, M. Dolores, Mateos, Luciano, Mathys, N., Merino-Martín, L., Moreno de las Heras, Mariano, Moustakas, N., Nicolau, J. M., Pampalone, V., Raclot, Damien, Rodríguez-Blanco, M. Luz, Rodrigo Comino, Jesús, Romero Díaz, Asunción, Ruiz Sinoga, José Damián, Rubio, José Luis, Schnabel, Susanne, Senciales-González, J. M., Solé-Benet, Albert, Taguas, E. V., Taboada-Castro, M. Teresa, Taboada-Castro, M. Mercedes, Todisco, F., Úbeda, Xavier, Varouchakis, E. A., Wittenberg, L., Zabaleta, Ane, and Zorn, M.

Abstract

Rainfall is the key factor to understand soil erosion processes, mechanisms, and rates. Most research was conducted to determine rainfall characteristics and their relationship with soil erosion (erosivity) but there is little information about how atmospheric patterns control soil losses, and this is important to enable sustainable environmental planning and risk prevention. We investigated the temporal and spatial variability of the relationships of rainfall, runoff, and sediment yield with atmospheric patterns (weather types, WTs) in the western Mediterranean basin. For this purpose, we analyzed a large database of rainfall events collected between 1985 and 2015 in 46 experimental plots and catchments with the aim to: (i) evaluate seasonal differences in the contribution of rainfall, runoff, and sediment yield produced by the WTs; and (ii) to analyze the seasonal efficiency of the different WTs (relation frequency and magnitude) related to rainfall, runoff, and sediment yield. The results indicate two different temporal patterns: the first weather type exhibits (during the cold period: autumn and winter) westerly flows that produce the highest rainfall, runoff, and sediment yield values throughout the territory; the second weather type exhibits easterly flows that predominate during the warm period (spring and summer) and it is located on the Mediterranean coast of the Iberian Peninsula. However, the cyclonic situations present high frequency throughout the whole year with a large influence extended around the western Mediterranean basin. Contrary, the anticyclonic situations, despite of its high frequency, do not contribute significantly to the total rainfall, runoff, and sediment (showing the lowest efficiency) because of atmospheric stability that currently characterize this atmospheric pattern. Our approach helps to better understand the relationship of WTs on the seasonal and spatial variability of rainfall, runoff and sediment yield with a regional scale ba

Published
2020

40. Relationship of weather types on the seasonal and spatial variability of rainfall, runoff, and sediment yield in the western Mediterranean basin

Author

Peña-Angulo, D., Nadal-Romero, E., González-Hidalgo, J.C., Albaladejo, J., Andreu, V., Barhi, H., Bernal, S., Biddoccu, M., Bienes, R., Campo, J., Campo-Bescós, M.A., Canatário-Duarte, A., Cantón, Y., Casali, J., Castillo, V., Cavallo, E., Cerdà, A., Cid, P., Cortesi, N., Desir, G., Díaz-Pereira, E., Espigares, T., Estrany, J., Farguell, J., Fernández-Raga, M., Ferreira, C.S., Ferro, V., Gallart, F., Giménez, R., Gimeno, E., Gómez, J.A., Gómez-Gutiérrez, A., Gómez-Macpherson, H., González-Pelayo, O., Kairis, O., Karatzas, G.P., Keesstra, S., Klotz, S., Kosmas, C., Lana-Renault, N., Lasanta, T., Latron, J., Lázaro, R., Le Bissonnais, Y., Le Bouteiller, C., Licciardello, F., López-Tarazón, J.A., Lucía, A., Marín-Moreno, V.M., Marín, C., Marqués, M.J., Martínez-Fernández, J., Martínez-Mena, M., Mateos, L., Mathys, N., Merino-Martín, L., Moreno-de las Heras, M., Moustakas, N., Nicolau, J.M., Pampalone, V., Raclot, D., Rodríguez-Blanco, M.L., Rodrigo-Comino, J., Romero-Díaz, A., Ruiz-Sinoga, J.D., Rubio, J.L., Schnabel, S., Senciales-González, J.M., Solé-Benet, A., Taguas, E.V., Taboada-Castro, M.T., Taboada-Castro, M.M., Todisco, F., Úbeda, X., Varouchakis, E.A., Wittenberg, L., Zabaleta, A., Zorn, M., Peña-Angulo, D., Nadal-Romero, E., González-Hidalgo, J.C., Albaladejo, J., Andreu, V., Barhi, H., Bernal, S., Biddoccu, M., Bienes, R., Campo, J., Campo-Bescós, M.A., Canatário-Duarte, A., Cantón, Y., Casali, J., Castillo, V., Cavallo, E., Cerdà, A., Cid, P., Cortesi, N., Desir, G., Díaz-Pereira, E., Espigares, T., Estrany, J., Farguell, J., Fernández-Raga, M., Ferreira, C.S., Ferro, V., Gallart, F., Giménez, R., Gimeno, E., Gómez, J.A., Gómez-Gutiérrez, A., Gómez-Macpherson, H., González-Pelayo, O., Kairis, O., Karatzas, G.P., Keesstra, S., Klotz, S., Kosmas, C., Lana-Renault, N., Lasanta, T., Latron, J., Lázaro, R., Le Bissonnais, Y., Le Bouteiller, C., Licciardello, F., López-Tarazón, J.A., Lucía, A., Marín-Moreno, V.M., Marín, C., Marqués, M.J., Martínez-Fernández, J., Martínez-Mena, M., Mateos, L., Mathys, N., Merino-Martín, L., Moreno-de las Heras, M., Moustakas, N., Nicolau, J.M., Pampalone, V., Raclot, D., Rodríguez-Blanco, M.L., Rodrigo-Comino, J., Romero-Díaz, A., Ruiz-Sinoga, J.D., Rubio, J.L., Schnabel, S., Senciales-González, J.M., Solé-Benet, A., Taguas, E.V., Taboada-Castro, M.T., Taboada-Castro, M.M., Todisco, F., Úbeda, X., Varouchakis, E.A., Wittenberg, L., Zabaleta, A., and Zorn, M.

Abstract

Rainfall is the key factor to understand soil erosion processes, mechanisms, and rates. Most research was conducted to determine rainfall characteristics and their relationship with soil erosion (erosivity) but there is little information about how atmospheric patterns control soil losses, and this is important to enable sustainable environmental planning and risk prevention. We investigated the temporal and spatial variability of the relationships of rainfall, runoff, and sediment yield with atmospheric patterns (weather types, WTs) in the western Mediterranean basin. For this purpose, we analyzed a large database of rainfall events collected between 1985 and 2015 in 46 experimental plots and catchments with the aim to: (i) evaluate seasonal differences in the contribution of rainfall, runoff, and sediment yield produced by the WTs; and (ii) to analyze the seasonal efficiency of the different WTs (relation frequency and magnitude) related to rainfall, runoff, and sediment yield. The results indicate two different temporal patterns: the first weather type exhibits (during the cold period: autumn and winter) westerly flows that produce the highest rainfall, runoff, and sediment yield values throughout the territory; the second weather type exhibits easterly flows that predominate during the warm period (spring and summer) and it is located on the Mediterranean coast of the Iberian Peninsula. However, the cyclonic situations present high frequency throughout the whole year with a large influence extended around the western Mediterranean basin. Contrary, the anticyclonic situations, despite of its high frequency, do not contribute significantly to the total rainfall, runoff, and sediment (showing the lowest efficiency) because of atmospheric stability that currently characterize this atmospheric pattern. Our approach helps to better understand the relationship of WTs on the seasonal and spatial variability of rainfall, runoff and sediment yield with a regional scale ba

Published
2020

41. Relationship of Weather Types on the Seasonal and Spatial Variability of Rainfall, Runoff, and Sediment Yield in the Western Mediterranean Basin

Author

Peña-Angulo, D., primary, Nadal-Romero, E., additional, González-Hidalgo, J.C., additional, Albaladejo, J., additional, Andreu, V., additional, Bahri, H., additional, Bernal, S., additional, Biddoccu, M., additional, Bienes, R., additional, Campo, J., additional, Campo-Bescós, M.A., additional, Canatário-Duarte, A., additional, Cantón, Y., additional, Casali, J., additional, Castillo, V., additional, Cavallo, E., additional, Cerdà, A., additional, Cid, P., additional, Cortesi, N., additional, Desir, G., additional, Díaz-Pereira, E., additional, Espigares, T., additional, Estrany, J., additional, Farguell, J., additional, Fernández-Raga, M., additional, Ferreira, C.S., additional, Ferro, V., additional, Gallart, F., additional, Giménez, R., additional, Gimeno, E., additional, Gómez, J.A., additional, Gómez-Gutiérrez, A., additional, Gómez-Macpherson, H., additional, González-Pelayo, O., additional, Kairis, O., additional, Karatzas, G.P., additional, Keesstra, S., additional, Klotz, S., additional, Kosmas, C., additional, Lana-Renault, N., additional, Lasanta, T., additional, Latron, J., additional, Lázaro, R., additional, Le Bissonnais, Y., additional, Le Bouteiller, C., additional, Licciardello, F., additional, López-Tarazón, J.A., additional, Lucía, A., additional, Marín-Moreno, V.M., additional, Marín, C., additional, Marqués, M.J., additional, Martínez-Fernández, J., additional, Martínez-Mena, M., additional, Mateos, L., additional, Mathys, N., additional, Merino-Martín, L., additional, Moreno-de las Heras, M., additional, Moustakas, N., additional, Nicolau, J.M., additional, Pampalone, V., additional, Raclot, D., additional, Rodríguez-Blanco, M.L., additional, Rodrigo-Comino, J., additional, Romero-Díaz, A., additional, Ruiz-Sinoga, J.D., additional, Rubio, J.L., additional, Schnabel, S., additional, Senciales-González, J.M., additional, Solé-Benet, A., additional, Taguas, E.V., additional, Taboada-Castro, M.T., additional, Taboada-Castro, M.M., additional, Todisco, F., additional, Úbeda, X., additional, Varouchakis, E.A., additional, Wittenberg, L., additional, Zabaleta, A., additional, and Zorn, M., additional

Published
2020
Full Text
View/download PDF

45. Sviluppo e valutazione di pratiche soglie per separare le piogge erosive responsabili di processi interrill e rill

Author

Todisco F., Vinci A., Vergni L., Mannocchi F., Pampalone V., and Todisco F., Vinci A., Vergni L., Mannocchi F., Pampalone V.

Subjects
Settore AGR/08 - Idraulica Agraria E Sistemazioni Idraulico-Forestali, erosione rill, erosione interrill, pioggia erosiva
Abstract

For the experimental station Masse threshold levels able to separate interrill erosive events from non erosive events were developed and tested. The Masse database was composed of 258 rainy events (189 non-erosive events and 70 interrill erosive events). Thresholds for separating erosive-interrill events from erosive-rill events were developed and verified at Sparacia analysing 77 erosive events (64 interrill and 13 rill). At Masse the threshold in terms of event rainfall depth, Pe, was, among the analyzed variables, the most effective one to distinguish between non-erosive and erosive interrill rainfall events. The rainfall events with a total depth Pe > 13 mm are identified as interrill erosive events. This value is very similar to the 12.7 mm selected by Wischmeier and Smith (1958) that propose a compound criterion (Pe > 12.7 mm or I15 > 6,35 mm in 15 minutes). In our case the compound criterion does not guarantee an improvement in the effectiveness of the single threshold. At Sparacia the threshold I15 > 8,75 mm in 15 min is the most effective, among those analyzed, to select erosive rill events from all erosive events.

Published
2018

47. Spatial variability of the relationships of runoff and sediment yield with weather types throughout the Mediterranean basin

Author

Govern de les Illes Balears, Generalitat de Catalunya, Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (Portugal), Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte (España), Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), European Commission, Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Universidad de Lleida, Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia (España), Peña-Angulo, Dhais, Nadal-Romero, Estela, González-Hidalgo, José C., Albaladejo, J., Andreu Pérez, V., Bagarello, V., Barhi, H., Batalla, Ramón J., Bernal, Susana, Bienes, Ramón, Campo, Julián, Campo-Bescós, M. A., Canatário-Duarte, Antonio, Cantón, Yolanda, Casalí, Javier, Castillo Sánchez, Victor Manuel, Cerdà, Artemi, Cheggour, A., Cid, Patricio, Cortesi, Nicola, Desir, Gloria, Díaz-Pereira, Elvira, Espigares, T., Estrany, Joan, Fernández-Raga, María, Ferreira, Carla S. S., Ferro, V., Gallart, Francesc, Giménez, R., Gimeno-García, Eugenia, Gómez Calero, José Alfonso, Gómez-Gutiérrez, Anna I., Gómez Macpherson, H., González-Pelayo, Óscar, Hueso-González, P., Kairis, O., Karatzas, G. P., Klotz, S., Kosmas, C., Lana-Renault, Noemí, Lasanta Martínez, Teodoro, Latron, Jérôme, Lázaro, Roberto, Le Bissonnais, Y., Le Bouteiller, C., Licciardello, Feliciana, López-Tarazón, José A., Lucía, Ana, Marín, Cinta, Marqués, María José, Martínez-Fernández, Julián, Martínez-Mena García, M. Dolores, Martínez-Murillo, Juan F., Mateos, Luciano, Mathys, N., Merino-Martín, L., Moreno-de-las-Heras, Mariano, Moustakas, N., Nicolau, J. M., Novara, A., Pampalone, V., Raclot, Damien, Rodríguez-Blanco, M. Luz, Rodrigo-Comino, J., Romero-Díaz, A., Roose, E., Rubio, José Luis, Ruiz-Sinoga, J. D., Schnabel, Susanne, Senciales-González, J. M., Simonneaux, V., Solé-Benet, Albert, Taguas, E. V., Taboada-Castro, M. Mercedes, Taboada-Castro, M. Teresa, Todisco, F., Úbeda, Xavier, Varouchakis, E. A., Vericat, Damià, Wittenberg, L., Zabaleta, Ane, Zorn, M., Govern de les Illes Balears, Generalitat de Catalunya, Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (Portugal), Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte (España), Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), European Commission, Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Universidad de Lleida, Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia (España), Peña-Angulo, Dhais, Nadal-Romero, Estela, González-Hidalgo, José C., Albaladejo, J., Andreu Pérez, V., Bagarello, V., Barhi, H., Batalla, Ramón J., Bernal, Susana, Bienes, Ramón, Campo, Julián, Campo-Bescós, M. A., Canatário-Duarte, Antonio, Cantón, Yolanda, Casalí, Javier, Castillo Sánchez, Victor Manuel, Cerdà, Artemi, Cheggour, A., Cid, Patricio, Cortesi, Nicola, Desir, Gloria, Díaz-Pereira, Elvira, Espigares, T., Estrany, Joan, Fernández-Raga, María, Ferreira, Carla S. S., Ferro, V., Gallart, Francesc, Giménez, R., Gimeno-García, Eugenia, Gómez Calero, José Alfonso, Gómez-Gutiérrez, Anna I., Gómez Macpherson, H., González-Pelayo, Óscar, Hueso-González, P., Kairis, O., Karatzas, G. P., Klotz, S., Kosmas, C., Lana-Renault, Noemí, Lasanta Martínez, Teodoro, Latron, Jérôme, Lázaro, Roberto, Le Bissonnais, Y., Le Bouteiller, C., Licciardello, Feliciana, López-Tarazón, José A., Lucía, Ana, Marín, Cinta, Marqués, María José, Martínez-Fernández, Julián, Martínez-Mena García, M. Dolores, Martínez-Murillo, Juan F., Mateos, Luciano, Mathys, N., Merino-Martín, L., Moreno-de-las-Heras, Mariano, Moustakas, N., Nicolau, J. M., Novara, A., Pampalone, V., Raclot, Damien, Rodríguez-Blanco, M. Luz, Rodrigo-Comino, J., Romero-Díaz, A., Roose, E., Rubio, José Luis, Ruiz-Sinoga, J. D., Schnabel, Susanne, Senciales-González, J. M., Simonneaux, V., Solé-Benet, Albert, Taguas, E. V., Taboada-Castro, M. Mercedes, Taboada-Castro, M. Teresa, Todisco, F., Úbeda, Xavier, Varouchakis, E. A., Vericat, Damià, Wittenberg, L., Zabaleta, Ane, and Zorn, M.

Abstract

Soil degradation by water is a serious environmental problem worldwide, with specific climatic factors being the major causes. We investigated the relationships between synoptic atmospheric patterns (i.e. weather types, WTs) and runoff, erosion and sediment yield throughout the Mediterranean basin by analyzing a large database of natural rainfall events at 68 research sites in 9 countries. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was used to identify spatial relationships of the different WTs including three hydro-sedimentary variables: rainfall, runoff, and sediment yield (SY, used to refer to both soil erosion measured at plot scale and sediment yield registered at catchment scale). The results indicated 4 spatial classes of rainfall and runoff: (a) northern sites dependent on North (N) and North West (NW) flows; (b) eastern sites dependent on E and NE flows; (c) southern sites dependent on S and SE flows; and, finally, (d) western sites dependent on W and SW flows. Conversely, three spatial classes are identified for SY characterized by: (a) N and NE flows in northern sites (b) E flows in eastern sites, and (c) Wand SW flows in western sites. Most of the rainfall, runoff and SY occurred during a small number of daily events, and just a few WTs accounted for large percentages of the total. Our results confirm that characterization by WT improves understanding of the general conditions under which runoff and SY occur, and provides useful information for understanding the spatial variability of runoff, and SY throughout the Mediterranean basin. The approach used here could be useful to aid of the design of regional water management and soil conservation measures.

Published
2019

48. Interference in edge-scattering from monocrystalline gold flakes

Author

Boroviks, Sergejs, Wolff, Christian, Linnet, Jes, Yang, Yuanqing, Todisco, F., Roberts, Alexander S., Bozhevolnyi, Sergey I., Hecht, Bert, and Mortensen, N. A.

Abstract

We observe strongly dissimilar scattering from two types of edges in hexagonal quasi-monocrystalline gold flakes with thicknesses around 1 micron. We identify as the origin the interference between a direct, quasi-specular scattering and an indirect scattering process involving an intermediate surface-plasmon state. The dissimilarity between the two types of edges is a direct consequence of the three-fold symmetry around the [111]-axis and the intrinsic chirality of a face-centered cubic lattice. We propose that this effect can be used to estimate flake thickness, crystal morphology, and surface contamination.

Published
2018

49. Analysis of the spatial variability of the relationships between rainfall, runoff, erosion and sediment yield and synoptic atmospheric patterns around the Mediterranean basin

Author

Peña-Angulo, Dahis, Nadal-Romero, Estela, González-Hidalgo, José C., Albaladejo, J., Andreu Pérez, V., Bagarello, V., Barhi, H., Batalla, Ramón J., Bernal, Susana, Bienes, Ramón, Campo, Julián, Campo-Bescós, M. A., Canatário-Duarte, Antonio, Cantón, Yolanda, Casalí, Javier, Castillo Sánchez, Victor Manuel, Cerdá, Artemi, Cheggour, A., Cid, Patricio, Cortesi, Nicola, Desir, Gloria, Díaz-Pereira, Elvira, Espigares, T., Estrany, Joan, Fernández-Raga, María, Ferreira, C. S. S., Ferro, V., Gallart, Francesc, Giménez, R., Gimeno-García, Eugenia, Gómez Calero, José Alfonso, Gómez-Gutiérrez, Anna I., Gómez Macpherson, H., González-Pelayo, Óscar, Hueso-González, P., Kairis, O., Karatzas, G. P., Keesstra, Saskia, Klotz, S., Kosmas, C., Lana-Renault, Noemí, Lasanta Martínez, Teodoro, Latron, Jérôme, Lázaro, Roberto, Le Bissonnais, Y., Le Bouteiller, C., Licciardello, Feliciana, López-Tarazón, José A., Lucía, Ana, Marín, Cinta, Marqués, María José, Martínez-Fernández, Julián, Martínez-Mena García, M. Dolores, Martínez-Murillo, Juan F., Mateos, Luciano, Mathys, N., Merino-Martín, L., Moreno-de-las-Heras, Mariano, Moustakas, N., Nicolau, J. M., Novara, A., Pampalone, V., Raclot, D., Rodríguez-Blanco, M. Luz, Rodrigo-Comino, J., Romero-Díaz, A., Roose, E., Rubio, José Luis, Ruiz-Sinoga, J. D., Schnabel, Susanne, Senciales-González, J. M., Simonneaux, V., Solé-Benet, Albert, Taguas, E. V., Taboada-Castro, M. Mercedes, Taboada-Castro, M. Teresa, Todisco, F., Úbeda, Xavier, Varouchakis, E. A., Wittenberg, L., Zabaleta, Ane, Zorn, M., Nadal-Romero, Estela, Gómez Calero, José Alfonso, González-Pelayo, Óscar, Moreno-de-las-Heras, Mariano, Nadal-Romero, Estela [0000-0002-4651-7828], Gómez Calero, José Alfonso [0000-0002-3457-8420], González-Pelayo, Óscar [0000-0001-6193-4040], and Moreno-de-las-Heras, Mariano [0000-0003-3366-5060]

Subjects
Water management, Databases, Spatial variability, Soil erosion, Mediterranean basin, Weather types
Abstract

Trabajo presentado en TERRAenVISION Environmental Issues Today: Scientific Solutions for Societal Issues, celebrado en Barcelona (España) del 27 de enero al 2 de febrero de 2018, This contribution results from international collaborative efforts of different research groups around the Mediterranean basin focusing on soil conservation and water management. We will present the most complete database of runoff and soil erosion information and analyze the records from 68 locations, including more than 22458 detail events between 1985-2015. Soil conservation and water planning are two of the most challenging problems around the Mediterranean basin due to climate conditions and human activity. We believe that future advances on understanding soil degradation by water should be developed under global approaches. In this contribution, we will present an analysis of atmospheric conditions, expressed by weather types and the resulted rainfall, runoff, and erosion and sediment yield around the Mediterranean basin. The weather types compile daily information about the different air masses responsible for rainfall, runoff and eventually erosion and sediment yield, and their analyses let us know the synchrony of the response at different sites around the Mediterranean basin. The analyses of the global dataset display different spatial patterns for rainfall, runoff, and sediment yield, related to different atmospheric patterns. This research will be a valuable tool for understanding the evolution of these environmental variables, and therefore it will allow future planning to design regional water management and soil conservation measures

Published
2018

50. IMPIEGO DEL CONTENUTO IDRICO DEL SUOLO E DEL DEFLUSSO SUPERFICIALE PER LA STIMA DELLA PERDITA DI SUOLO PARCELLARE A SCALA DI EVENTO

Author

Todisco, F., Vergni, L., Mannocchi, F., Termite, L., Bagarello, V., Ferro, V., Pampalone, V., Brocca, L., Massari, C., Todisco, F, Vergni, L, Mannocchi, F, Termite, L, Bagarello, V, Ferro, V, Pampalone, V, Brocca, L, and Massari, C

Subjects
remote sensing, soil erosion, modelli idrologici, deflusso parcellare, Settore AGR/08 - Idraulica Agraria E Sistemazioni Idraulico-Forestali, runoff, contenuto idrico del suolo, soil moisture, perdita di suolo parcellare, soil erosion, runoff, soil moisture, remote sensing
Abstract

Nel presente lavoro viene valutata la potenzialità di accoppiare la USLE con il contenuto d’acqua del suolo pre-evento o il deflusso stimato, per migliorare l’accuratezza della stima della perdita di suolo a scala di singolo evento erosivo. A tale scopo sono stati utilizzati due approcci per i quali la perdita di suolo e il fattore di erosività sono legati da una legge di potenza. Il primo è il modello USLE-MM con deflusso stimato da un modello afflussi deflussi, SCRRM, che importa dati di contenuto d’acqua. Il secondo approccio è quello del modello SM4E che utilizza i dati di contenuto d’acqua pre-evento per correggere il fattore di erosività della pioggia. I due modelli sono stati testati usando le misure effettuate sulle parcelle di 22 m realizzate alle stazioni sperimentali di Masse e Sparacia. I risultati mostrano che la USLE-MM, che impiega misure di deflusso, conduce alle migliori stime della perdita di suolo. In atto, la simulazione del deflusso o l’uso del contenuto idrico del suolo conducono a una performance del modello peggiore di quella riscontrabile con la USLE originaria. Ulteriori indagini dovranno essere effettuate per migliorare la previsione del deflusso a scala di parcella, facendo anche ricorso a un database di misure più esteso.

Published
2016

Catalog

Books, media, physical & digital resources
See catalog results