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1. COVID-19

Author

Todd, Knox H., Todd, Knox H., editor, Thomas, Jr., Charles R., editor, and Alagappan, Kumar, editor

Published
2021
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4. Is all pain is treated equally? A multicenter evaluation of acute pain care by age

Author

Hwang, Ula, Belland, Laura K, Handel, Daniel A, Yadav, Kabir, Heard, Kennon, RiveraReyes, Laura, Eisenberg, Amanda, Noble, Matthew J, Mekala, Sudha, Valley, Morgan, Winkel, Gary, Todd, Knox H, and Morrison, Sean R

Subjects
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Clinical Sciences, Clinical Research, Chronic Pain, Pain Research, Aging, Health and social care services research, 8.1 Organisation and delivery of services, 7.3 Management and decision making, Management of diseases and conditions, Musculoskeletal, Acute Pain, Adolescent, Adult, Age Factors, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Analgesics, Cross-Sectional Studies, Electronic Health Records, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Observation, Pain Measurement, Retrospective Studies, Young Adult, Acute pain care, Emergency department, Geriatrics, Medical and Health Sciences, Psychology and Cognitive Sciences, Anesthesiology, Biomedical and clinical sciences, Health sciences, Psychology
Abstract

Pain is highly prevalent in health care settings; however, disparities continue to exist in pain care treatment. Few studies have investigated if differences exist based on patient-related characteristics associated with aging. The objective of this study was to determine if there are differences in acute pain care for older vs younger patients. This was a multicenter, retrospective, cross-sectional observation study of 5 emergency departments across the United States evaluating the 2 most commonly presenting pain conditions for older adults, abdominal and fracture pain. Multivariable adjusted hierarchical modeling was completed. A total of 6,948 visits were reviewed. Older (⩾ 65 years) and oldest (⩾ 85 years) were less likely to receive analgesics compared to younger patients (

Published
2014

5. An Evaluation of Proposed School Safety Indicators for Georgia.

Author

Emory Univ., Atlanta, GA. Rollins School of Public Health., Todd, Knox H., Kellermann, Arthur L., Wald, Marlena, Lipscomb, Leslie, and Fajman, Nancy

Abstract

One of the tasks of the Council for School Performance is to implement measures of school safety to determine the impact of Georgia Lottery for Education expenditures. During the 1994-95 school year, the council pilot-tested several indicators of school safety. This document presents the results of an evaluation that examined the relevance, validity, and reliability of the piloted indicators. The study also explored the data-collection process, incentives and disincentives to accurate reporting, and the extent to which schools perceived the reporting process as an acceptable administrative burden of the pilot program. The evaluations were conducted at 15 Georgia public schools. Data-collection methods included a review of school statistics and interviews with school administrators, security personnel, teachers, and students. Respondents indicated that the reporting process was worthwhile; however, they lacked reliable baseline data and displayed a poor understanding of key indicator definitions. Respondents from the same school often reported widely different estimates of safety-related incidents, and there was evidence of biased reporting at some schools. Policymakers are advised to continue pilot studies; simplify indicators; incorporate indicator reports into ongoing data-collection efforts and include mechanisms to validate indicator reports; reinforce accurate reporting with positive incentives; increase the use of outcome measures with clearly defined benchmarks; report reliable and valid pilot- study results to the public; and use victimization surveys to gauge the impact of school-safety interventions. One table is included. Appendices contain a map of evaluation regions, a copy of the evaluation proposal, guidelines and reporting forms for school indicators, and proposed indicator revisions. (LMI)

Published
1996

6. An Evaluation of Lottery Expenditures for Public School Safety in Georgia.

Author

Emory Univ., Atlanta, GA. Rollins School of Public Health., Todd, Knox H., Kellermann, Arthur L., Wald, Marlena, Lipscomb, Leslie, and Fajman, Nancy

Abstract

In 1994, approximately $20 million of Georgia Lottery for Education funds were spent to make schools safer. This report presents the results of an evaluation of Georgia Lottery for Education expenditures for technologies related to school safety. The study evaluated the safety technology at 15 Georgia public schools. Data were gathered through interviews with school administrators, security personnel, teachers, and students about drugs, alcohol, firearms, and violence in the schools and on-site inspections. Overall, students and staff perceived that their own school was safe, but felt that other schools might be unsafe. Drawbacks to the technological security interventions included unanticipated expenditures and a negative impact on public perceptions of school safety. The report recommends that policymakers examine the magnitude of school violence relative to other safety problems faced by students and staff; target spending to schools with identified safety problems; increase the emphasis on school climate and leadership as primary determinants of school safety; share information and resources among schools; and integrate evaluation into the design and dissemination of any new school-safety initiative. One table is included. Appendices include a map of the evaluated regions and sample application forms and guidelines. (LMI)

Published
1996

7. Clinical Policy: Critical Issues in the Prescribing of Opioids for Adult Patients in the Emergency Department

Author

Cantrill, Stephen V, Brown, Michael D, Carlisle, Russell J, Delaney, Kathleen A, Hays, Daniel P, Nelson, Lewis S, O'Connor, Robert E, Papa, AnnMarie, Sporer, Karl A, Todd, Knox H, and Whitson, Rhonda R

Subjects
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Clinical Sciences, Quality Education, Acute Pain, Adult, Analgesics, Opioid, Emergency Service, Hospital, Humans, Low Back Pain, Opioid-Related Disorders, Pain Management, Risk Factors, American College of Emergency Physicians Opioid Guideline Writing Panel, Emergency & Critical Care Medicine, Clinical sciences
Abstract

This clinical policy deals with critical issues in prescribing of opioids for adult patients treated in the emergency department (ED). This guideline is the result of the efforts of the American College of Emergency Physicians, in consultation with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and the Food and Drug Administration. The critical questions addressed in this clinical policy are: (1) In the adult ED patient with noncancer pain for whom opioid prescriptions are considered, what is the utility of state prescription drug monitoring programs in identifying patients who are at high risk for opioid abuse? (2) In the adult ED patient with acute low back pain, are prescriptions for opioids more effective during the acute phase than other medications? (3) In the adult ED patient for whom opioid prescription is considered appropriate for treatment of new-onset acute pain, are short-acting schedule II opioids more effective than short-acting schedule III opioids? (4) In the adult ED patient with an acute exacerbation of noncancer chronic pain, do the benefits of prescribing opioids on discharge from the ED outweigh the potential harms?

Published
2012

8. Chronic or Recurrent Pain in the Emergency Department: A National Telephone Survey of Patient Experience

Author

Todd, Knox H., Cowan, Penney, Kelly, Nicole, and Homel, Peter

Subjects
Chronic pain, health services, emergency department, survey study
Abstract

Objective: Persons with chronic or recurrent pain frequently visit the emergency department (ED), yet little research examines this experience. We conducted this national survey to assess patients’ ED experiences.Methods: We developed and conducted a ten-minute telephone survey using random digit dial methodology. We included adults with chronic or recurrent pain reporting an ED visit within two years.Results: We interviewed 500 adults. Sixty percent were female, their median age was 54, two-thirds were under a physician’s care, and 14% were uninsured. They reported an average of 4.2 ED visits within the past two years. Almost one-half reported “complete” or “a great deal” of pain relief during the ED visit, while 78% endorsed as “somewhat or definitely true” that “the ED staff understood how to treat my pain.” Although over three-fourths of patients felt that receiving additional information on pain management or referrals to specialists was “extremely” or “very” important, only one-half reported receiving such referrals or information. A significant minority (11%) reported that the “ED staff made me feel like I was just seeking drugs.” The majority (76%) were “somewhat” to “completely satisfied” with their treatment while 24% were "neutral" to “completely dissatisfied”. In multivariate models, age, recurrent pain, waiting time, imaging, receiving analgesics and pain relief predicted patient satisfaction.Conclusion: Although those with chronic or recurrent pain report relatively high satisfaction with the ED, our findings suggests that specific areas, such as unmet needs for information and specialty referral, might be targeted to improve care. [West J Emerg Med. 2010; 11(5): 408-415.]

Published
2010

15. NIH Roundtable on Opportunities to Advance Research on Neurologic and Psychiatric Emergencies

Author

D'Onofrio, Gail, Jauch, Edward, Jagoda, Andrew, Allen, Michael H., Anglin, Deirdre, Barsan, William G., Berger, Rachel P., Bobrow, Bentley J., Boudreaux, Edwin D., Bushnell, Cheryl, Chan, Yu-Feng, Currier, Glenn, Eggly, Susan, Ichord, Rebecca, Larkin, Gregory L., Laskowitz, Daniel, Neumar, Robert W., Newman-Toker, David E., Quinn, James, Shear, Katherine, Todd, Knox H., and Zatzick, Douglas

Published
2010
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20. Contributors

Author

Abrams, Bernard M., primary, Adams, Meredith C.B., additional, Agerson, Ashley, additional, Anderson, Dustin, additional, Anitescu, Magdalena, additional, Apkarian, A. Vania, additional, Argoff, Charles E., additional, Asenjo, Juan Francisco, additional, Bailey, John A., additional, Bekanich, Stephen J., additional, Benny, Benoy, additional, Benzon, Honorio T., additional, Bielefeldt, Klaus, additional, Birmingham, Brian, additional, Bottros, Michael M., additional, Brewer, Randall P., additional, Brookman, Jason C., additional, Brown, David L., additional, Brummett, Chad M., additional, Burchiel, Kim J., additional, Burton, Allen W., additional, Buvanendran, Asokumar, additional, Cahana, Alex, additional, Candido, Kenneth D., additional, Celestin, James, additional, Chan, Kwai-Tung, additional, Chandra, Ronil V., additional, Chandwani, Kailash, additional, Chiaramonte, Delia, additional, Chou, Roger, additional, Clauw, Daniel, additional, Cohen, Steven P., additional, Copenhaver, David, additional, Cortazzo, Megan H., additional, Covington, Edward C., additional, Coyle, Nessa, additional, D'Adamo, Chris, additional, Dampier, Carlton, additional, Day, Miles, additional, de Leon-Casasola, Oscar, additional, Dubin, Andrew, additional, Erdek, Michael A., additional, Fernandez, Vania E., additional, Fine, Perry G., additional, Fishman, Scott M., additional, Franklin, Julie S., additional, Furnish, Timothy, additional, Tomas, Vicente Garcia, additional, Gatchel, Robert J., additional, Gebhart, G.F., additional, Glajchen, Myra, additional, Gofeld, Michael, additional, Gooberman-Hill, Rachael, additional, Gordon, Andrew H., additional, Grabois, Martin, additional, Green, Carmen R., additional, Gupta, Anil, additional, Hadzic, Admir, additional, Haggard, Robbie, additional, Hanna, Marie N., additional, Harden, R. Norman, additional, Haroutiunian, Simon, additional, Harvey, Richard L., additional, Heapy, Alicia, additional, Henriquez, Omar H., additional, Hirsch, Joshua A., additional, Huntoon, Marc A., additional, Hurley, Robert W., additional, Issa, Mohammed, additional, Jackson, Kenneth C., additional, Johnson,, Benjamin W., additional, Kapural, Leonardo, additional, Kerns, Robert D., additional, Khan, Farooq, additional, Kirsling, Amy J., additional, Kumar, Kanupriya, additional, Kwofie, Kwesi, additional, Lalani, Irfan, additional, Lee, Jennifer M., additional, Leslie-Mazwi, Thabele M., additional, Lin, Yuan-Chi, additional, LoDico, Matthew J.P., additional, Malik, Khalid, additional, Manohar, Asha, additional, Mariano, Edward R., additional, Maus, Timothy P., additional, McCleane, Gary, additional, McGeeney, Brian E., additional, Mehta, Noshir R., additional, Mehta, Sonal, additional, Merrill, Douglas G., additional, Merskey, Harold, additional, Miner, James R., additional, Morrison, Brian, additional, Nagpal, Geeta, additional, Narchi, Patrick, additional, Neal, Joseph M., additional, Nicholls, Barry, additional, Nikolajsen, Lone, additional, Ouanes, Jean-Pierre P., additional, Paqueron, Xavier, additional, Parikh, Sagar S., additional, Parris, Winston C.V., additional, Patil, Meenal, additional, Perkins, Frederick M., additional, Provenzano, David A., additional, Rabinov, James D., additional, Ranavaya, Mohammed, additional, Raslan, Ahmed M., additional, Rathmell, James P., additional, Reid, M. Cary, additional, Rivers, W. Evan, additional, Rondinelli, Robert D., additional, Rozanski, Marta J., additional, Salinas, Francis V., additional, Salviz, Emine Aysu, additional, Sawardekar, Amod, additional, Schofield, Pat, additional, Scrivani, Steven J., additional, Seng, Elizabeth, additional, Shah, Ravi, additional, Shankar, Hariharan, additional, Sharma, Vandana, additional, Shastri, Uma, additional, Silberstein, Stephen D., additional, Singelyn, François, additional, Smith, Howard S., additional, Smith, Melanie B., additional, Spierings, Egilius L.H., additional, Springer, Jeanette S., additional, Stanos, Steven P., additional, Stewart, Carrie, additional, Suresh, Santhanam, additional, Tauben, David, additional, Terman, Gregory W., additional, Theodore, Brian R., additional, Thomas, Katrina M., additional, Todd, Knox H., additional, Turk, Dennis C., additional, Tyburski, Mark D., additional, van der Velden, Meredith G., additional, van Eerd, Maarten, additional, van Kleef, Maarten, additional, Van Zundert, Jan, additional, Variakojis, Renata, additional, Verbunt, Jeanine A., additional, Vetter, Thomas R., additional, Waisel, David B., additional, Waldman, Howard J., additional, Wallace, Mark S., additional, Wasan, Ajay D., additional, Westlund, Karin N., additional, Wittink, Harriët M., additional, Wu, Christopher L., additional, Xu, Daquan, additional, Yaksh, Tony L., additional, Yezierski, Robert P., additional, and Yoo, Albert J., additional

Published
2014
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25. Contributors

Author

Abernethy, Amy P., primary, Arnold, Robert M., additional, Ascheim, Deborah D., additional, Aslakson, Rebecca, additional, Back, Anthony L., additional, Baracos, Vickie E., additional, Block, Susan, additional, Bobb, Barton T., additional, Brookman, Jason C., additional, Carlson, Melissa D.A., additional, Carroll, Thomas, additional, Chai, Emily J., additional, Chochinov, Harvey M., additional, Cook-Mack, Jessica, additional, Covinsky, Kenneth E., additional, Cox, Christopher E., additional, Currow, David C., additional, Curtis, J. Randall, additional, DeCherrie, Linda V., additional, Epstein, Ronald M., additional, Ersek, Mary, additional, Foley, Kathleen, additional, Gelfman, Laura P., additional, Genden, Eric M., additional, Goldberg, Gabrielle R., additional, Goldstein, Nathan E., additional, Goldstein, Rick, additional, Gramling, Robert, additional, Grudzen, Corita R., additional, Handzo, George, additional, Hernandez, Paul, additional, Hope, Aluko A., additional, Horton, Robert, additional, Hwang, Ula, additional, Irwin, Scott A., additional, Jackson, Vicki A., additional, Kamal, Arif, additional, Kirsh, Kenneth L., additional, Klipstein, Kimberly G., additional, Ko, Fred C., additional, Kutner, Jean S., additional, Leigh, Alexandra E., additional, Levine, Stacie K., additional, Lindenberger, Elizabeth, additional, Lugassy, Mara, additional, Maguire, Jennifer M., additional, Marin, Deborah B., additional, Meier, Diane E., additional, Meyerson, Rabbi Edith M., additional, Moghanaki, Drew, additional, Montross, Lori P., additional, Morrison, R. Sean, additional, Moss, Alvin H., additional, Nash, Ryan R., additional, O'Neill, Lynn B., additional, Pantilat, Steve, additional, Passik, Steven D., additional, Rabow, Michael W., additional, Ramchandran, Kavitha J., additional, Rao, Aditi, additional, Reid, Thomas, additional, Richardson, Lynne D., additional, Ritchie, Christine S., additional, Rocker, Graeme, additional, Sefcik, Justine S., additional, Shega, Joseph W., additional, Smith, Cardinale B., additional, Smith, Kristofer L., additional, Smith, Lorie N., additional, Smith, Thomas J., additional, Soriano, Theresa A., additional, Spragens, Lynn, additional, Todd, Knox H., additional, Tucker, Rodney O., additional, Twaddle, Martha L., additional, von Roenn, Jamie H., additional, Wajnberg, Ania, additional, Waldrop, Deborah, additional, Walston, Jeremy D., additional, Wattana, Monica, additional, Weckmann, Michelle T., additional, Wheeler, Jane L., additional, Widera, Eric, additional, Wolfe, Joanne, additional, Wood, Gordon, additional, and Zhang, Meng, additional

Published
2013
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36. Contributors

Author

Abrams, Bernard M., primary, Apkarian, A.V., additional, Argoff, Charles E., additional, Axelsson, Kjell, additional, Batra, Mani, additional, Benny, Benoy, additional, Benzon, Honorio T., additional, Bielefeldt, Klaus, additional, Biondi, David M., additional, Bosscher, Hemmo, additional, Brewer, Randall P., additional, Brown, David L., additional, Brummett, Chad M., additional, Burton, Allen W., additional, Buvanendran, Asokumar, additional, Cahana, Alex, additional, Candido, Kenneth D., additional, Casarett, David, additional, Chan, Kwai-Tung, additional, Charette, Susan L., additional, Cohen, Steven P., additional, Cortazzo, Megan H., additional, Covington, Edward C., additional, Coyle, Nessa, additional, Deer, Timothy R., additional, Leon-Casasola, Oscar de, additional, Deschner, Bonnie, additional, Dworkin, Robert H., additional, Erdek, Michael, additional, Ferrell, Bruce A., additional, Fine, Perry G., additional, Fishman, Scott M., additional, Follett, Kenneth A., additional, Gebhart, G.F., additional, Goel, Shiv K., additional, Grabois, Martin, additional, Gretter, Brock, additional, Gupta, Anil, additional, Hadzic, Admir, additional, Haider, Naeem, additional, Heapy, Alicia, additional, Heavner, James E., additional, Hepler, Matthew D., additional, Huntoon, Marc A., additional, Hurley, Robert W., additional, Jackson, Kenneth C., additional, Johnson, Benjamin, additional, Kerns, Robert D., additional, Lacy, Timothy L., additional, Lalani, Irfan, additional, Larkin, Thomas M., additional, Lin, Elaina E., additional, Lin, Yuan-Chi, additional, Liu, Spencer S., additional, Maciewicz, Raymond, additional, Maine, David N., additional, Malik, Khalid, additional, Maus, Timothy P., additional, McClain, Brenda C., additional, McCleane, Gary, additional, McGeeney, Brian, additional, Mehta, Nashir R., additional, Mekhail, Nagy, additional, Merrill, Douglas G., additional, Merskey, Harold, additional, Meyer, Marjorie, additional, Miner, James R., additional, Minzter, Beth H., additional, Molloy, Robert E., additional, Nader, Antoun, additional, Narchi, Patrick, additional, Neal, Joseph M., additional, Neumann, Krystof J., additional, Obray, Jon B., additional, Pappagallo, Marco, additional, Paqueron, Xavier, additional, Parris, Winston C.V., additional, Perkins, Fred, additional, Rao, Sudhir, additional, Rathmell, James P., additional, Reuben, Scott S., additional, Robards, Christopher, additional, Rosenquist, Richard W., additional, Russell, I.Jon, additional, Salinas, Francis V., additional, Sather, Michael D., additional, Schafer, Michael F., additional, Scrivani, Steven J., additional, Serban, Stelian, additional, Silberstein, Stephen D., additional, Singelyn, François, additional, Sluijter, Menno, additional, Soin, Amol, additional, Stanos, Steven P., additional, Suresh, Santhanam, additional, Swanson, Kimberly S., additional, Tarbell, Sally, additional, Todd, Knox H., additional, Turk, Dennis C., additional, Tyburski, Mark D., additional, Kleef, M.van, additional, Zundert, J.Van, additional, Variakojis, Renata, additional, Verbunt, Jeanine A., additional, Viscomi, Christopher M., additional, Wachtel, Mitchell, additional, Waldman, Howard J., additional, Walega, David, additional, Warren, Daniel T., additional, Washington, Tabitha, additional, High, Karin N. Westlund, additional, Willams, Brian A., additional, Williams, Kayode A., additional, Wittink, Harrië, additional, Wu, Christopher L., additional, Xu, Daquan, additional, Yaksh, Tony L., additional, and Yarussi, Anthony, additional

Published
2008
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41. Validity of a set of clinical criteria to rule out injury to the cervical spine in patients with blunt trauma

Author

Hoffman, Jerome R., Mower, William R., Wolfson, Allan B., Todd, Knox H., and Zucker, Michael I.

Subjects
Decision support systems -- Evaluation, Neck, Spinal cord injuries -- Diagnosis, Blunt trauma -- Care and treatment
Abstract

A clinical decision rule to identify which patients who had blunt trauma need an X-ray of the neck appears to be accurate. The rule states that patients probably do not have a spinal fracture if they are alert, not intoxicated, and have no neck pain or tenderness, no neurologic symptoms, and no other injury that would keep them from feeling neck pain. In a study of 34,069 patients who had a neck X-ray after blunt trauma, this rule identified all but 8 of the 818 patients who had a spinal injury. The rule could have prevented 4,309 X-rays.

Published
2000

42. NIH Roundtable on Opportunities to Advance Research on Neurologic and Psychiatric Emergencies

Author

DʼOnofrio, Gail, Jauch, Edward, Jagoda, Andrew, Allen, Michael H., Anglin, Deirdre, Barsan, William G., Berger, Rachel P., Bobrow, Bentley J., Boudreaux, Edwin D., Bushnell, Cheryl, Chan, Yu-Feng, Currier, Glenn, Eggly, Susan, Ichord, Rebecca, Larkin, Gregory L., Laskowitz, Daniel, Neumar, Robert W., Newman-Toker, David E., Quinn, James, Shear, Katherine, Todd, Knox H., and Zatzick, Douglas

Published
2010

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